Effects Of Vitamin B1 Research Articles

Vitamin B1 delays postharvest senescence and enhances antioxidant accumulation by activating NADPH oxidase in Ziziphus jujuba fruit

Thiamine, also known as vitamin B1 (VB1), plays a key role in regulating plant growth and development. However, no studies have addressed its role in regulating postharvest fruit and vegetable senescence. Herein, the effects of VB1 on postharvest senescence and antioxidant-compound accumulation in jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) fruit stored at 25 °C were investigated. Soaking postharvest jujube fruit with 1 mmol/L VB1 drastically decreased its weight loss, decay incidence, and respiration rate and improved firmness during the first seven days of storage. VB1 treatment increased jujube fruit NADPH oxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities, and changed its H2O2 content. Furthermore, VB1 treatment also dramatically increased the ascorbic acid level, total phenolics content, total flavonoids accumulation, and total antioxidant capacity of the postharvest jujube fruit. However, the increase in antioxidant enzyme activities and antioxidant-compound accumulation were partially reversed by 0.1 mmol/L diphenyleneiodonium chloride, a specific inhibitor of NADPH oxidase. Accordingly, the role of VB1 in delayed fruit senescence and enhanced antioxidant-compound accumulation were discussed in terms of NADPH-oxidase-regulated H2O2 signaling. Overall, this study provides practical and theoretical information regarding a simple new method for the maintenance of jujube fruit quality during storage at ambient temperature.

Mixtures modeling identifies vitamin B1 and B3 intakes associated with depression

BackgroundWe aim to identify the association between a mixture of vitamin B1, B2, and B3 intakes and depression. MethodsDaily intake of vitamins was measured by a one-day 24 h recall. Multivariate logistic regression, weighted quantile sum (WQS), quantile g-computation (qgcomp), and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were used. ResultsOf 9,848 adults included in the final analysis, 4.38% had depression. In the logistic regression model, daily vitamin B1 and B3 intakes were associated with depression, and significant trends were observed for these vitamin intake tertiles (p < 0.001). The WQS index was significantly associated with depression (OR = 0.24, 95% CI: 0.23–0.24). The gqcomp index also found a significant association between a mixture of vitamin B1 and B3 intake and depression (OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.44–0.98). Vitamin B1 intake was the most heavily weighed vitamin intake in this model. In BKMR analysis, the overall effects of vitamin B1 and B3 intake mixture were negatively associated with depression. Vitamin B1 and B3 intake showed negative trends and was observed as the most important factor associated with depression. The cutoff levels for B vitamin intake levels related to depression were reported. LimitationsA 24-hour recall and cross-sectional design were used. ConclusionsGiven the rising prevalence of depressive symptoms in Korea, an increase in daily intake of vitamin B1 and/or B3 through regular diets may help to reduce the risk of depression. Therefore, there is an ongoing need to investigate these associations between B vitamin supplementation and depression, either separately or jointly, in well-characterized cohorts of depression population.

Effects of vitamin B1, vitamin E and selenium on pregnancy and blood metabolites profile during non-breeding season and early prediction of pregnancy by thermographic monitoring in Merino ewes

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of injectable selenium, vitamin E and vitamin B1 compounds on serum metabolic profile and pregnancy rates (PR) during the non-breeding season in Merino ewes that were synchronized with progesterone and equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG). Thermographic monitoring of ewes on the last day of synchronization was successful in the early selection of ewes to be used in artificial insemination and its relationship with pregnancy outcomes. Cyclic and non-pregnant ewes (n=75) were randomly assigned to treatment (n=30) and control (n=45) groups. All animals were synchronized using PGF2α at day 0, progesterone impregnated intravaginal sponges for 14 days, eCG 48 h before sponge withdrawal and artificial insemination were carried out 43–45 h after sponge removal. Animals of treatment group (n=30) were administered (intramuscularly) with 1 mg sodium selenite, 60 mg vitamin E and 40 mg vitamin B1 on two occasions, at the beginning of sponge insertion and following sponge removal. Blood samples were collected at sponge insertion and removal. Perianal and perivulvar areas were considered to evaluate the thermal pattern at day 0 and 14 using a thermo camera. Overall, 90.6% of ewes exhibited estrus in response to the synchronization protocol. Ewes of treatment group showed greater PR as compared to that of control group (70.3% vs 56%). Perivulvar temperature was influenced by time only. At the time of sponge removal, perivulvar temperatures were significantly lower in pregnant ewes than in non-pregnant animals. In conclusion, injectable selenium, vitamin E and vitamin B1 compounds increased PR after synchronization protocol and thermographic evaluation that was performed on the last day of synchronization could be used for very early prediction of pregnancy.

Non-coenzyme role of vitamin B1 in RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and ovariectomy induced osteoporosis.

Vitamins B are co-enzymes participating in energy metabolic pathways. While some vitamins B are known affecting bone homeostasis, the effects of vitamin B1 (thiamine) on bone health remains unclear. In our study, we used cell counting kit-8, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatasestain, actin cytoskeleton stain, and pit formation assay to evaluate the effect of thiamine on osteoclast differentiation, formation, and function, respectively. Then we used dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetateassay to investigate reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and removal. Osteoporosis model by ovariectomy was established for animal experiments. We found that thiamine had inhibitory effect on osteoclast differentiation. And its inhibitory role on osteoclast differentiation is in a dose-dependent way. Mechanistically, ThDP suppresses intracellular ROSaccumulation and unfolded protein responsesignaling during osteoclastogenesis via inhibiting Rac-Nox1/2/4 and intracellular inositol-requiring protein-1α/X-box-binding protein pathways, respectively. Osteoporotic mice treated with thiamine rich dietary showed better bone strength relative to thiamine deficient dietary. Our study explored the non-coenzyme inhibitory functions of B1 vitamin in receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand induced osteoclastogenesis and uncovered the significance of B1 vitamin in bone health.

The effects of vitamin B1 on ameliorating of depression related to the premenstrual syndrome

Background & aim The premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a series of physical, mental, and behavioral symptoms. Different treatments have been introduced for the syndrome due to its unknown complicated causes. Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) may reduce mental symptoms of the syndrome. This study was conducted to determine the effect of vitamin B1 on the Depression related to PMS in students residing at dormitories of Jahrom University in 2014. Methods In this double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, 108 students with PMS residing at dormitories of Jahrom University were divided randomly into two groups, vitamin B1 and placebo. The severity of the depression related to PMS in two cycles, before the intervention and during the intervention, was recorded by the students. The data were collected using an information collection form, PMS provisional diagnosis form, daily status record form, Beck Depression Inventory. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results The comparison of vitamin B1 group before the intervention with that after the intervention showed that vitamin B1 reduced mean Depression related to PMS (42.06%) significantly ( P P Conclusion It seems that vitamin B1 is effective in recovery of mental symptoms of PMS especially depression. Therefore, this vitamin can be used to reach a major goal of midwifery, that is, reduction of mental symptom severity of PMS, without any side effects.

The effects of vitamin B1 on ameliorating of mental symptoms of the premenstrual syndrome

Background & objective The premenstrual syndrome is a series of physical, mental, and behavioral symptoms with various severities. Different treatments have been introduced for the syndrome due to its unknown complicated causes. Vitamin B1 (thiamin) may reduce mental symptoms of the syndrome through affecting the performance of coenzymes in the metabolism of carbohydrates and main branch of amino acid that plays an important role in appearance of mental symptoms of the PMS. Methods In this double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, 80 students with PMS residing at dormitories of Jahrom University were divided randomly into two groups, vitamin B1 and placebo. The severity of the mental symptoms of PMS in two cycles, before the intervention and during the intervention, was recorded by the students. The data were collected using an information collection form, PMS provisional diagnosis form, daily status record form, Beck Depression Inventory. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results The comparison of vitamin B1 group before the intervention with that after the intervention showed that vitamin B1 reduced mean mental symptoms (35.08%) significantly ( P P Conclusion It seems that vitamin B1 is effective in recovery of mental symptoms of PMS. Therefore, this vitamin can be used to reach a major goal of midwifery, that is, reduction of mental symptom severity of PMS, without any side effects.

The effects of vitamin B1 on the mental and behavioral symptoms related to premenstrual syndrome

The effects of vitamin B1 on the mental and behavioral symptoms related to premenstrual syndrome

In vivo/in vitro studies on the effects of cyclophosphamide on growth and differentiation of hamster palate.

A study was undertaken to examine the effects of cyclophosphamide (CP) on growth and differentiation of palatal tissues. An in vivo/in vitro approach was designed to analyze (1) whether the damage caused by in vivo administration of CP in the developing palate can be altered in vitro, and (2) to determine the effects of CP on the synthesis of collagen and glycosaminoglycan (GAG), which are essential for proper palate development. In addition, effects of vitamin B1 and/or B6 on in vivo modulation of CP teratogenicity was evaluated. Pregnant hamsters were given 30 mg/kg CP or 1 ml saline on day 10 of gestation. Control and CP-treated embryonic palates were dissected on day 11 of gestation and incubated in vitro in the presence or absence of CP. In order to allow metabolic activation of CP in vitro, either a slice of hamster liver or microsomal S9 fraction of liver was added to the culture medium. To study collagen and GAG synthesis, palates were obtained between days 10 and 13 of gestation, and incubated in growth medium supplemented with [14C]proline or [3H]glucosamine, as appropriate. The rates of collagen and GAG synthesis were determined. The results showed that, in the controls, the presence of a liver slice or S9 fraction in the culture medium had no effects on in vitro closure of palate. In vivo CP exposed palates did not fuse in vitro. When drug was given in vitro, or both in vivo and in vitro, palatal closure did not occur. CP reduced synthesis of both collagen and GAG in the vertically developing palate. The drug-treated shelves reoriented only after the rates of collagen and GAG synthesis were restored to the levels comparable to the control counterparts. Co-administration of vitamin B1 and B6 did not interfere with the teratogenicity of CP. It was suggested that CP treatment affected DNA synthesis and injured growing cells, which in turn reduced the synthesis of GAG and collagen and affected the expansion of shelf volume to delay the reorientation of the palatal shelves. Furthermore, it appears that in vivo treatment with CP changes the programming of palatal tissues to prevent the fusion process in vivo, which could not be altered in vitro.

Effect of thiamine on the processes responsible for acetylcholine secretion in the frog neuromuscular synapses

The effect of vitamin B1 (thiamine, 10−10–10−3 M) on direct (transmitter secretion) and recurrent (resynthesis of the transmitter and its storage in synaptic vesicles) processes of acetylcholine (ACh) secretion was studied in the frog neuromuscular junction. In Ca2+-containing extracellular medium, the facilitatory effects of thiamine and α-latrotoxin (an increase in the frequency of miniature end-plate potentials, MEPP) were additive, regardless of the sequence of their application. After partial exhaustion of the synaptic vesicle stores caused by α-latrotoxin (2 nM) in Ca2+-free extracellular medium, thiamine accelerated the Ca2+-induced recovery of the ACh secretion. In the presence of thiamine, there were two phases in the dependence of quantum content of an end-plate potential (EPP) on stimulation frequency, which are typical of the effects of Sr2+ and Ba2+ on the ACh secretion. Under conditions of depression and postdepression recovery, the effect of thiamine on the time course of the changes in EPP amplitude was similar to that produced by Ba2+. Possible mechanisms of the effects of vitamin B1 on the processes responsible for the ACh secretion and the dependence of the MEPP frequency on the concentrations of thiamine and thiamine diphosphate are discussed in light of the above results.

EFFECTS OF SELECTED PHYSICOCHEMICAL FACTORS ON GROWTH AND ZOOSPOROGENESIS OF CLADOPHORA GLOMERATA (CHLOROPHYTA)1

ABSTRACTThe effects of vitamin B1 and B12, temperature, light intensity and photoperiod on dry weight production and zoosporogenesis of Cladophora glomerata (L.)Kütz. were investigated by factorial experiments. Statistical analysis showed all of the above factors to be significantly (P &lt; 0.01) influenced by these two parameters. Zoosporogenesis appeared to be more sensitive to vitamin limitation than dry weight production. Dry weight production and zoosporogenesis exhibited significantly different maxima. Dry weight production was most strongly influenced by temperature whereas photoperiod exerted the strongest influence on zoosporogenesis. It was possible to experimentally separate the light intensity and photoperiod factors; analysis showed photoperiod to be the primary factor influencing zoosporogenesis. Among the conditions tested, an 8:16 h LD short day photoperiod elicited the greatest number of zoosporangia.

The effects of vitamin B1 on Wassermann and Kahn reaction

The effects of vitamin B1 on Wassermann and Kahn reaction