Effects Of Various Sources Research Articles

Expanding the Gluino Exclusion Limits Using Events with One Highly Energetic Final State Jet and Missing Transverse Momentum

Multiple searches of theoretically hypothesized particles in Supersym-metry scenarios have been conducted through the years, many of which take place at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) facility. A recent search of the ATLAS Collaboration [ 7] focuses on √s = 13 TeV pp collisions characterized by highly energetic jets and missing transverse momentum, resulting in model-independent limits for selected Signal Regions and providing exclusion limits for squarks. In this paper, we reinterpret the observations in terms of exclusion limits on gluino pair production. Monte Carlo simulations of gluino pair production events are made, varying both the masses of gluino and neutralino. In the end, we present the results in the mass plane of m˜g vs. m˜g − m ˜χ0 1 , including the effect of various sources of uncertainty.

Effect of various sources and doses of Sulphur on yield and economics of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

Effect of various sources and doses of Sulphur on yield and economics of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

Growth, Yield and Quality of Rabi Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) as Influenced by Sources of Calcium and Sulphur under Different Site - Specific Nitrogen Management in Rice-Groundnut Cropping System

The injudicious and imbalanced fertilizer use under the existing farming system necessitates the adoption of amelioration methods and balanced use of nutrients especially nitrogen (N). There is lack of information on effects of various sources of calcium and sulphur in groundnut along with balanced nitrogen management which needs to be addressed. A field experiment was carried out during 2020-21 and 2021-22 at Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India to study the growth, yield and quality parameters of groundnut as affected by site specific nitrogen management in rice and various sources of calcium and sulphur in groundnut. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with six main plot treatments i.e. Soil test based nitrogen (STBN) (100 kg N/ha), 75% N through STBN + 25% N through farmyard manure (FYM), 75% N through STBN + 25% N through vermicompost, N @ 20kg at basal and at leaf colour chart (LCC) < 3, N @ 20kg at basal and at chlorophyll value determined by soil plant analysis development (SPAD) < 35 and no nitrogen to rice during Kharif and three sub plot treatments i.e. lime @ 0.2 LR, gypsum @ 250 kg/ha and lime @ 0.2 LR + gypsum @ 250 kg/ha to groundnut during Rabi each in three replications. Application of 75% N through STBN + 25% N through vermicompost to preceding rice and lime @ 0.2 LR+ gypsum @ 250 kg/ha to groundnut crop resulted in highest plant height at harvest, number of nodules per plant and dry matter accumulation at harvest. Yield attributing characters like pods/plant, kernel/pod and 100 - pod weight of groundnut were highest due to application of 75% N through STBN + 25% N through vermicompost to preceding rice (17.86, 1.87 and 67.2 g, respectively) followed by 75% N through STBN + 25% N through FYM. Application of lime @ 0.2 LR + gypsum @ 250 kg/ha to groundnut recorded more pods/plant (16.86), kernels/pod (1.78) and 100 - pod weight (66.39 g). The treatment receiving 75% N through STBN + 25 % N through vermicompost in rice and application of lime @ 0.2 LR + gypsum @ 250 kg/ha to groundnut resulted significantly maximum pod yield (2,596 kg/ha and 2,291 kg/ha), haulm yield (4,554 kg/ha and 4,343 kg/ha) and harvest index (36.30% and 34.38%) in groundnut. Oil yield (682.2 kg/ha) in groundnut was recorded highest in the treatment lime @ 0.2 LR + gypsum @ 250 kg/ha followed by only gypsum @ 250 kg/ha application to groundnut. Similarly, application of lime @ 0.2 LR + gypsum @ 250 kg/ha to groundnut recorded highest protein yield (424.6 kg/ha).

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Various Sources and Amounts of Copper on Nursery Piglets.

This study evaluated the impact of different dietary levels and sources of copper on the growth performance of nursery piglets through a combination of systematic review and meta-analysis. The database for this study was created using articles selected from major electronic databases. Data analysis involved forest plots and analysis of variance using mixed-effects models. The database included 63 articles published between 1990 and 2021, comprising 21,113 piglets in 946 treatments. Positive effects of supranutritional levels of copper from both inorganic and organic sources on the growth performance of nursery piglets were detected using Forest plots and analysis of variance (p < 0.001). Using mixed models, it was observed that piglet performance is influenced by body weight (p < 0.001), age (p < 0.001), and copper intake (p < 0.001). Both organic and inorganic sources of copper at supranutritional levels (>81 mg Cu/kg of diet) improved the performance of nursery piglets, but levels higher than 201 mg Cu/kg of diet did not further improve growth performance compared to 80-200 mg Cu/kg of diet. The feed conversion was worse in piglets fed with inorganic Cu sources (p < 0.001). In conclusion, dietary Cu supplementation influenced the weight gain and feed conversion rate in weaned piglets, particularly during the first few weeks post-weaning. Levels of 81 and 200 mg Cu/kg improved growth performance, but no further benefits were obtained for higher levels.

Comparison of the effect of various sources of saturated fatty acids on infant follow-on formulas oxidative stability and nutritional profile.

Fortification of infant follow-on formulas (IFF) with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which is prone to lipid oxidation, is required by European regulation. This study aimed to identify lipid formulation parameters that improve the nutritional profile and oxidative stability of IFF. Model IFF were formulated using different lipid and emulsifier sources, including refined (POM) or unrefined red palm oil (RPOM), coconut oil (COM), dairy fat (DFOM), soy lecithin, and dairy phospholipids (DPL). After an accelerated storage, RPOM and DFOM with DPL had improved oxidative stability compared to other IFF. Specifically, they had a peroxide value twice lower than POM and 20% less loss of tocopherols for DFOM-DPL. This higher stability was mainly explained by the presence of compounds such as carotenoids in RPOM and sphingomyelin in DFOM-DPL very likely acting synergistically with tocopherols. Incorporation of dairy lipids and carotenoids into DHA-enriched IFF compositions seems promising to enhance their stability and nutritional quality.

Effect of the Interaction of Nutrient Sources on the Growth, Yield and Quality of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

The present field investigation was conducted in the years 2021 and 2022 at Horticultural Farm, Faculty of Agriculture Science &amp; Technology, Mansarovar Global University, Sehore (Madhya Pradesh). The experiment was carried out to find out the interaction effect of various sources of nutrients on the growth, yield, and quality of tomatoes. The study comprised a total of 16 different treatment combinations of inorganic plant nutrients; biofertilizers included a control. It was found that the application of treatment T8 (Azotobacter 1 kg/ha + 120kg N2 + 60kg P2O5) recorded significantly higher growth attributes (number of branches per plant), days to first flowering, and days to first picking crop duration than the control. It has been determined that the maximum yield of 409.82 q ha-1 was recorded in treatment T8, followed by treatment T12 (Azospirillum 1 kg/ha + 120 kg N2 + 60 kg P2O5) and T16 total yields of 394.74 q ha-1 and 361.91 ha-1. The maximum TSS of 5.45 °brix was recorded in treatment T12 (Azospirillum 1 kg/ha + 120 kg N2 + 60 kg P2O5), followed by treatment T8 (Azotobacter 1 kg/ha + 120 kg N2 + 60 kg P2O5) over the control. The ascorbic acid content of 33.56 mg per 100 ml of juice was recorded in treatment T7 (Azotobacter 1 kg/ha + 80 kg N2+ 40 kg P2O5), followed by treatment T11 (Azospirillum 1 kg/ha + 80 kg N2+ 40 kg P2O5) over treatment T1 (Control). The results obtained during the investigation with different combinations of nutrient sources of inorganic fertilizers and biofertilizers on the growth, yield, and quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Hence, it is concluded that application of biofertilizers and inorganic fertilizers with the combination significantly effect on growth parameters, yield attributing characters and fruit quality characters also significantly affected were maximum in Azotobacter 1 kg/ha + 120 kg Nitrogen + 60 kg Phosphorus.

Using behavioural response experiments to measure humpback whale hearing in noise

Currently, there are no direct data on mysticete hearing in noise. Available data comes from anatomical modelling, the assumption they can hear their own sounds, and studies on the effects of various sources of anthropogenic noise on their behavior. This study used a behavioral response study design to quantify humpback whale hearing in natural ocean noise. Tonal signals, ranging from 250 Hz to 16kHz, were used as the stimuli, and a change in humpback group behavior indicated the whales heard the signal. Individual whale and group behavior were quantified using a combination of land-based tracking data of groups and tag data deployed on individual whales to record fine-scale 3D movement underwater. The signal-to-noise ratio was estimated at the initial response position of the group or whale, assuming this was the level at which they first detected the tone in noise. Results confirm that humpback whales responded to signals in noise at detection levels comparable to other marine mammals and that their ability to hear signals in noise at higher frequencies is better than expected. This provides empirical data on hearing in a mysticete which can be used to better predict the acoustic impacts of anthropogenic noise on marine mammals.

Mesenchymal stem cells and ovarian cancer: Is there promising news?

Ovarian cancer (OC) is described as a heterogeneous complex condition with high mortality, weak prognosis, and late-stage presentation. OC has several subgroups based on different indices, like the origin and histopathology. The current treatments against OC include surgery followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy; however, these methods have represented diverse side effects without enough effectiveness on OC. Recently, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy has acquired particular attention for treating diverse problems, such as cancer. These multipotent stem cells can be obtained from different sources, such as the umbilical cord, adipose tissues, bone marrow, and placenta, and their efficacy has been investigated against OC. Hence, in this narrative review, we aimed to review and discuss the present studies about the effects of various sources of MSCs on OC with a special focus on involved mechanisms.

Calcium Nutrition for Improving the Growth and Yield of Carrot in Acid Soils

Aims: To evaluate the effect of various sources, levels and methods of calcium application on the growth, yield and SPAD index of carrots grown on acid soils&#x0D; Study Design: Factorial randomized block design (FRBD) with three replications.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: A field experiment was conducted in the farmer’s field at Takkarbaba Nagar, Ooty from February to June, 2023.&#x0D; Methodology: A field experiment was conducted with carrot hybrid Zubera using lime at 50% LR and dolomite at 20,40,60 and 80 kg Ca ha-1 as basal soil application and foliar spraying of 0.5% calcium EDTA and calcium citrate twice on 30 and 45 DAP in a factorial randomized block design with three replications. The growth parameters such as plant height, petiole length, number of leaves per plant, SPAD index and tuber yield were recorded as per standard protocols at different plant growth stages viz., vegetative, tuber development and harvest stages.&#x0D; Results: A significant linear increase in plant height, petiole length, number of leaves per plant, SPAD index and tuber yield was recorded with the supplementation of calcium at different levels. Higher plant height (26.3 cm, 51.2 cm and 56.1 cm), petiole length (13.8 cm, 23.0 cm and 35.8 cm), number of leaves per plant (7.62, 7.82 and 9.30), SPAD index (22.0, 38.0 and 35.2) and fresh tuber yield (37.2 t ha-1) was registered with NPK+ 80 kg Ca as dolomite along with two sprays of 0.5% Ca EDTA twice which was followed by the same level of calcium as dolomite + foliar spraying of 0.5% calcium citrate twice. The minimum growth and yield response of carrot at all the growth stages was noticed with NPK control.&#x0D; Conclusion: Application of calcium through soil and foliar spraying showed synergistic influence on the growth and SPAD index of carrot at all stages of growth. Application of NPK+ 80 kg Ca ha-1 as dolomite performed better when compared to lime applied at 50% LR. Between Ca EDTA and Ca citrate, the performance of Ca EDTA was better in improving the growth and yield of carrot. It was concluded that the combined application of soil test based NPK+80 kg Ca ha-1 as dolomite along with two sprays of 0.5% calcium EDTA on 30 and 45 DAP would be effective in improving the growth, yield and SPAD index of carrot grown on acid lateritic soils.

The Unique Role of Peer Support: Exploring the Effects of Various Sources of Social Support on the Mental Health of Unaccompanied Children in China under Residential Education.

This study investigates the impact of various sources of social support on the mental health of unaccompanied children under residential education in China. Unaccompanied children refer to those whose parents are still alive but unable to raise them due to various reasons. The study utilized self-reported questionnaires administered at two time waves, with the first wave (T1) evaluating family support, teacher support, and peer support, and the second wave (T2) evaluating depression, subjective well-being, and resilience. A total of 202 participants completed both surveys. To examine the predictive effect of different sources of social support on the mental health of these children, the study used the structural equation model with depression and subjective well-being as indicators. The results show that neither family support nor teacher support (T1) had a significant effect on the mental health (T2) of the children. However, peer support (T1) had a significant positive predictive effect on mental health (T2), indicating the unique role of peer support in promoting the mental health of unaccompanied children. The study also explored the mediating role of resilience between social support and well-being, revealing that though the direct effect of teacher support (T1) on mental health (T2) was not significant, the indirect mediating effect of resilience on the relationship between teacher support and mental health was significant. Both the direct and indirect effect of family support (T1) on mental health (T2) were not significant. These findings highlight the importance of creating a positive peer environment for unaccompanied children to promote their mental health. This study has important practical implications for the development of effective intervention programs aimed at improving the mental health of this population.

Synthesis of CuInS2 thin film photocathode with variation of sulfurization sources and Pt-In2S3 modification for photoelectrochemical water splitting

CuInS2 thin films have been successfully synthesized from the electrodeposition of copper (Cu), indium (In), and sulfurization on a molybdenum glass substrate as a water splitting photocathode. The effect of various sources of sulfurization with thiourea, sulphur, and H2S and modification with Pt-In2S3 on the character and performance of the material was observed. The success of the synthesis was confirmed by the typical peaks of 28.2, 46.8, and 55.4° on XRD, the presence of Cu, In, S elements on SEM-EDX analysis, the appearance of peaks of 298 cm−1 on Raman analysis, and the detection peaks of Cu 2p, In 3d, and S 2p with XPS analysis. Meanwhile, performance effectiveness and photoelectrochemical properties were analysed with photocurrent linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), applied bias photon-to-current efficiency (ABPE), and incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE). Variations of sulfurization sources give different character and photocurrent results due to differences in the existing reaction mechanisms. While the modification treatment with Pt-In2S3 increased the resulting photocurrent. Sulfurization with H2S and modification of Pt-In2S3 gave the best results with a photocurrent of 18 mA cm−2, an efficiency of 3% ABPE, 47.2% IPCE, was evolved 467 μmol H2 and 230,1 μmol O2. This shows good potential as a water splitting material to produce environmentally friendly hydrogen fuel.

Sources of uncertainty and their impact on stock prices evidence from emerging economies

Abstract This study investigates the short- and long-term effects of various sources of uncertainty on the share prices of key exchanges in emerging nations. The sample comprises monthly time series data from January 2017 to December 2021 for China, India, Russia, and Brazil. The study contains a version of Autoregressive-Distributive-Lag (ARDL) with error correction as well as other relevant approaches to time series. Economic policy, climate policy, pandemics, and Twitter-based uncertainty may cause a long-term decline in SSE (Shanghai Stock Exchange) composite index and BSE (Bombay Stock Exchange) Sensex index. In China, geopolitical, climatic, and pandemic uncertainty are short-term sources of uncertainty, and in India, economic policy, geopolitical, and pandemic uncertainty. Moreover, no sources of uncertainty have a long-term impact on Russia’s Moscow Exchange (MOEX) index. All sources except climate uncertainty are short-term MOEX index contributors. Pandemics and Twitter-based uncertainty are long-term sources, whereas economic policy and Twitter-based uncertainty are short-term sources for Brazilian Stock Exchange (BOVESPA) Index. This research adds to the literature by examining the relationship between distinct sources of uncertainty and an emerging market share prices index. It provides the behavior of leading share price indexes in the presence of uncertainty. The study’s conclusions only apply to emerging economies. Future research may take into account a panel dataset consisting of a large number of emerging nations to examine the same set of variables.

The effect of sulfur-containing compounds and thiobacillus bacteria on corn plants under field soil and soil contaminated by heavy metals lead and zinc conditions

Investigating the effect of various sources of sulfurous compounds along with the inoculation of Thiobacillus bacteria on corn plants under stress conditions of lead and zinc metals, an experiment executed at zanjan uni researching green house. The treatments include elemental sulfur (0.75, 1.25 and 2 g/kg soil), sulfur with Thiobacillus bacteria (1, 2 and 3 g/kg soil) and potassium sulfate (0.5, 1 and 1.5 g/kg soil ). The results showed that the traits were significant in all applied treatments except proline. The amount of morphological traits and physiological traits increased in sulfur treatment with thiobacillus bacteria in field soil conditions and heavy metal stress compared to the control. But the properties of soluble sugars and proline decreased in this treatment. On the other hand, with the increase in the concentration of elemental sulfur and potassium sulfate treatments that caused stress in the plant. However, under stress conditions, the amount of absorption of lead and zinc in the root and aerial part of the plant increased to a critical and damaging level, but by applying of treatments, the amount of absorption and damage decreased. it can be concluded that elemental sulfur and potassium sulfate treatments by reducing the absorption of all elements required by the plant caused stress, but sulfur with bacteria treatment reduces the absorption of these heavy elements, and the bacteria in the soil provides the conditions for absorbing more water and nutrients through the roots and improves the growth of the plant.

Noise and vestibular perception of passive self-motion.

Noise defined as random disturbances is ubiquitous in both the external environment and the nervous system. Depending on the context, noise can degrade or improve information processing and performance. In all cases, it contributes to neural systems dynamics. We review some effects of various sources of noise on the neural processing of self-motion signals at different stages of the vestibular pathways and the resulting perceptual responses. Hair cells in the inner ear reduce the impact of noise by means of mechanical and neural filtering. Hair cells synapse on regular and irregular afferents. Variability of discharge (noise) is low in regular afferents and high in irregular units. The high variability of irregular units provides information about the envelope of naturalistic head motion stimuli. A subset of neurons in the vestibular nuclei and thalamus are optimally tuned to noisy motion stimuli that reproduce the statistics of naturalistic head movements. In the thalamus, variability of neural discharge increases with increasing motion amplitude but saturates at high amplitudes, accounting for behavioral violation of Weber's law. In general, the precision of individual vestibular neurons in encoding head motion is worse than the perceptual precision measured behaviorally. However, the global precision predicted by neural population codes matches the high behavioral precision. The latter is estimated by means of psychometric functions for detection or discrimination of whole-body displacements. Vestibular motion thresholds (inverse of precision) reflect the contribution of intrinsic and extrinsic noise to perception. Vestibular motion thresholds tend to deteriorate progressively after the age of 40 years, possibly due to oxidative stress resulting from high discharge rates and metabolic loads of vestibular afferents. In the elderly, vestibular thresholds correlate with postural stability: the higher the threshold, the greater is the postural imbalance and risk of falling. Experimental application of optimal levels of either galvanic noise or whole-body oscillations can ameliorate vestibular function with a mechanism reminiscent of stochastic resonance. Assessment of vestibular thresholds is diagnostic in several types of vestibulopathies, and vestibular stimulation might be useful in vestibular rehabilitation.

Dietary inclusion effect of various sources of phyto‐additives on growth, feed utilization, body composition, and plasma chemistry of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), and challenge test against Edwardsiella tarda compared to a commercial probiotic (super lacto®)

AbstractInclusion of various sources of additives in aquafeeds is practically helpful to elevate the growth performance and disease resistance of aquatic animals. An 8‐week feeding trial was conducted to determine the inclusion effects of phyto‐additives (yacon, ginger, and blueberry) into diets on olive flounder growth, feed utilization, chemical composition, and plasma chemistry, and to challenge test against Edwardsiella tarda in comparison to a commercial probiotic SUP (Super lacto®). Six hundred juvenile olive flounder were randomly allocated into 15, 50 L flow‐through tanks (40 fish per tank). Five experimental diets were formulated. No additive was included in the control (Con) diet. One percent of yacon, ginger, and blueberry powders, and 0.5% Super Lacto® were included at the expense of wheat flour and water in the Con diet, also referred to as the YCP (yacon powder), GGP (ginger powder), BBP (blueberry powder), and SUP diets, respectively. All experimental diets were hand‐fed to triplicate groups of fish twice a day until they were visually satiated for a period of 8 weeks. Following the 4‐ and 8‐week feeding trials, 10 and 20 fish were taken from each tank and artificially infected with E. tarda, and then survival was monitored for the next 6 and 8 days after infection, respectively. At the end of the 8‐week feeding trial, no significant difference was observed in weight gain, feed consumption, feed utilization, chemical composition, and plasma chemistry in olive flounder. However, the survival of olive flounder fed the GGP diet was significantly (p &lt; 0.004 and p &lt; 0.02, respectively) higher than that of fish fed the SUP, BBP, and Con diets, and the SUP and Con diets after the 4‐ and 8‐week feeding trials, respectively, according to the Kaplan–Meier survival curve. In conclusion, phyto‐additive, especially GG, can be used as an effective immunostimulant in the olive flounder diet at the occurrence of E. tarda.

Does perceived support moderate the link between acculturative stress and problematic eating behaviors? The role of family, significant other, and friend support

Acculturative stress, often experienced by members of minority groups, is related to problematic eating behaviors. What remains poorly understood is the function of perceived social support in this link. This study evaluated the moderating role of perceived support from family, the significant other, and friends in the association between acculturative stress and problematic eating behaviors, including emotional eating, uncontrolled eating, and cognitive restraint eating. An online cross-sectional study was conducted with 497 Asian and Latinx college students using standardized questionnaires. Three hierarchical multivariable models were analyzed, with each eating behavior included as the outcome variable. Demographic variables (Step 1), general perceived stress (Step 2), and predictor variables (i.e., acculturative stress, perceived support; Step 3) were added using Method Enter. Interaction terms were entered using Method Stepwise (Step 4) to test for moderation effects. As perceived family support increased, the magnitude of the link between acculturative stress and higher uncontrolled eating increased (p=.002). When perceived significant other support was higher, the magnitude of the relationship between acculturative stress and higher emotional eating increased (p=.02). Higher perceived friend support was directly related to reduced uncontrolled eating (p=.002). This study highlights the heterogeneous effects of various sources of perceived support on the link between acculturative stress and problematic eating behaviors. Findings imply that problematic eating prevention and intervention programs might benefit from considering not only the acculturative stress experienced by racial/ethnic minority young adults but also the sources of support perceived. Perceived support from family and the significant other increased the magnitude of the link between higher acculturative stress and increased problematic eating behaviors, whereas support from friends showed a direct relationship with reduced uncontrolled eating. The results highlight the nuanced functions of various sources of perceived social support and contribute to a deeper understanding of potential moderators in the relationship between acculturative stress and problematic eating behaviors among racial/ethnic minorities.

Mathematical model for estimation the characteristics of the noise immunity

The important issues or the data transmission systems are the harmful effect of various sources of interference in the communication channel and problem of increasing noise immunity in conditions of linear distortion in development of modern systems. In order to improve the reliability of an accuracy characteristics of receiving of information, a mathematical model for assessing the stability to interference with incoherent receiving in telecommunication systems operating under the influence of unintentional interference sources is proposed. The mathematical model takes into account the quality of communication, spectral efficiency, modulation scheme and coding method when providing multimedia services to users.

Benchmarking of quantum protocols

Quantum network protocols offer new functionalities such as enhanced security to communication and computational systems. Despite the rapid progress in quantum hardware, it has not yet reached a level of maturity that enables execution of many quantum protocols in practical settings. To develop quantum protocols in real world, it is necessary to examine their performance considering the imperfections in their practical implementation using simulation platforms. In this paper, we consider several quantum protocols that enable promising functionalities and services in near-future quantum networks. The protocols are chosen from both areas of quantum communication and quantum computation as follows: quantum money, W-state based anonymous transmission, verifiable blind quantum computation, and quantum digital signature. We use NetSquid simulation platform to evaluate the effect of various sources of noise on the performance of these protocols, considering different figures of merit. We find that to enable quantum money protocol, the decoherence time constant of the quantum memory must be at least three times the storage time of qubits. Furthermore, our simulation results for the w-state based anonymous transmission protocol show that to achieve an average fidelity above 0.8 in this protocol, the storage time of sender’s and receiver’s particles in the quantum memory must be less than half of the decoherence time constant of the quantum memory. We have also investigated the effect of gate imperfections on the performance of verifiable blind quantum computation. We find that with our chosen parameters, if the depolarizing probability of quantum gates is equal to or greater than 0.05, the security of the protocol cannot be guaranteed. Lastly, our simulation results for quantum digital signature protocol show that channel loss has a significant effect on the probability of repudiation.

Appropriate technology and energy security: From the perspective of biased technological change

The heavy import dependence on oil and natural gas has threatened China's energy security. This paper discusses how to reduce the input preference for import-dependent energy (i.e., oil and natural gas) in China's manufacturing sector by selecting appropriate technology. Firstly, we estimate the biased level of import-dependent energy through a heterogeneous stochastic frontier analysis model, and employ the system generalized method of moments (SGMM) strategy to investigate the effects of various sources of technological change on the biased level of import-dependent energy. Secondly, we examine the moderating effect of the absorptive capacity on the biased level of import-dependent energy. The results show that both the horizontal and backward technological spillover effects from foreign-funded enterprises and technology purchase significantly reduce the biased level of import-dependent energy, while the forward technological spillovers of foreign-funded enterprises, the learning-by-exporting effect and the command-and-control policy increase the biased level. Except for indigenous technological innovation, improving the absorptive capacity will magnify the impact of other sources of technological change. Therefore, the government should encourage technology purchase, invite high-quality foreign-funded enterprises, and optimize the direction of indigenous technological innovation.

Оценка эффективности использования источников ультрафиолетового излучения при проведении капиллярного люминесцентного контроля

A comprehensive approach is proposed to evaluate the effectiveness of various sources of ultraviolet radiation used in the capillary luminescent method of non-destructive testing. The spectral characteristics of the radiation of modern domestic and foreign UV irradiators used in the control of parts and components of aviation equipment in the aviation industry are given. The main parameters that allow the most complete assessment of ultraviolet sources for compliance with the requirements of domestic and foreign regulatory documents on the energy characteristics of sources at the stage of inspection of the technological process of capillary control are determined. The influence of the use of UV sources of various types on the results of the control of samples and parts with various design features containing manufacturing and operational defects of various sizes is shown. It is established that for the evaluation of various UV irradiators, the characteristics specified in their technical documentation (passports) are not enough for a flaw detector. This approach will allow us to evaluate and select modern sources of UV radiation, taking into account the requirements of standards in force at enterprises.