Effect Of Sulfur-containing Compounds Research Articles

The effect of sulfur-containing compounds and thiobacillus bacteria on corn plants under field soil and soil contaminated by heavy metals lead and zinc conditions

Investigating the effect of various sources of sulfurous compounds along with the inoculation of Thiobacillus bacteria on corn plants under stress conditions of lead and zinc metals, an experiment executed at zanjan uni researching green house. The treatments include elemental sulfur (0.75, 1.25 and 2 g/kg soil), sulfur with Thiobacillus bacteria (1, 2 and 3 g/kg soil) and potassium sulfate (0.5, 1 and 1.5 g/kg soil ). The results showed that the traits were significant in all applied treatments except proline. The amount of morphological traits and physiological traits increased in sulfur treatment with thiobacillus bacteria in field soil conditions and heavy metal stress compared to the control. But the properties of soluble sugars and proline decreased in this treatment. On the other hand, with the increase in the concentration of elemental sulfur and potassium sulfate treatments that caused stress in the plant. However, under stress conditions, the amount of absorption of lead and zinc in the root and aerial part of the plant increased to a critical and damaging level, but by applying of treatments, the amount of absorption and damage decreased. it can be concluded that elemental sulfur and potassium sulfate treatments by reducing the absorption of all elements required by the plant caused stress, but sulfur with bacteria treatment reduces the absorption of these heavy elements, and the bacteria in the soil provides the conditions for absorbing more water and nutrients through the roots and improves the growth of the plant.

The Effect of Sulfur-Containing Compounds on the Quinoid Process of Adrenaline Autoxidation; Potential Neuroprotectors

The Effect of Sulfur-Containing Compounds on the Quinoid Process of Adrenaline Autoxidation; Potential Neuroprotectors

The effect of sulfur-containing compounds on stress resistance of Drosophila melanogaster

We have studied the resistance of D. melanogaster imago, Oregon-R stock, reared on the culture medium, supplied either with methionine (1 mg/ml), or with sodium thiosulphate (0.05 mol/l or 0.1 mol/l), to heat (thermal) and alimentary stress. Also we have analyzed the effect of these substances addition to the medium on fertility and pupa lethality of D. melanogaster. A significant increase of resistance to heat stress was shown in flies reared on the culture medium supplied with methionine. Percent of individuals survived after heat stress increased by 35.5%. Imago survival, in the conditions of alimentary deprivation, increased; in this group average life span increased for 3.7 hours, maximal – for 7.5 hours. Fertility of drosophila reared on the medium with addition of methionine increased; number of pupas obtained from one female was more, than in control by 44%. Pupa lethality in this group decreased in three times. Resistance to heat stress of flies reared on the medium with addition of sodium thiosulphate (0.05 mol/l) increased. Number of individuals survived after heat stress was more, than in control by 10%. However, resistance to alimentary deprivation decreased. Their average life span was less for 3.2 hour, than in the control group, and maximal life span was less for 5.4 hour. Resistance to heat stress of flies reared on the medium supplemented with 0.1 mol/l sodium thiosulphate decreased. Percent of individuals survived after heat stress was twice less. Average life span and maximal life span in the conditions of alimentary deprivation increased by 3.4 hours and by 5.5 hours respectively. Fertility of flies developed in the medium with sodium thiosulfate (0.05 mol/l) supplement increased by 48 %, while same index for those consumed sodium thiosulfate 0.1 mol/l had a clear tendency to reduction by 33%. Pupa lethality in both groups consumed sodium thiosulphate (0.05 mol/l and 0.1 mol/l) decreased by 28% and 35% respectively. Thus, methionine consumption by larvae of D. melanogaster promotes resistance to stress and fertility of Oregon-R stock. The effect of sodium thiosulphate on drosophila fitness indexes studied depends on its concentration in the culture medium.

Effect of Sulfur-containing Compounds on the Structural and Metabolic Parameters of Cryopreserved Boar Gametes

Influence of sulphur compounds on structural-metabolic parameters of cryopreserved boar gametes was studied. Installed that sulfa compounds increases agility and an absolute survivability indicator of cryopreserved spermatozoa, and contributes the preservation of enzymes, raises the ability of sperm gametes, have a significant protective action on safety of co-occurrence of breath with phosphorylation. Also it increases viability of sperm after cryopreservation. The best performance is obtained with unitiolom and ditiotreitolom, then with mercaptoethanol and cisteinom.

The effects of sulfur-containing compounds and gemcitabine on the binding of cisplatin to plasma proteins and DNA determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sodium thiosulfate (STS), glutathione (GSH), acetylcysteine (AC), and gemcitabine on the platinum-protein (Pt-protein) and platinum-DNA (Pt-DNA) binding of cisplatin in whole blood. This was done to obtain more insight into the platinum (Pt) binding in whole blood and the effects of modulators on this process. STS, GSH, AC, and gemcitabine were added before and after the incubation of whole blood with cisplatin. Pt levels in plasma and plasma ultrafiltrate and the Pt that is bound to DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Additionally, information on the major Pt-DNA adducts was obtained by separation of the Pt-DNA adducts by high performance liquid chromatography with off-line inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry detection. Results showed that the reactive Pt levels in whole blood are reduced by STS, GSH, and AC. This reduction was demonstrated by a reduced Pt-protein and Pt-DNA binding in the presence of sulfur compounds. Furthermore, STS and AC seemed to be able to release Pt from proteins. The compounds could hardly release Pt from the DNA. Gemcitabine slightly inhibited Pt-DNA binding and did not alter Pt-protein binding. The type of Pt-DNA adducts found were not altered in the presence of the modulators. In conclusion, the results of this study illustrate that STS, GSH, and AC affect Pt binding in whole blood, which suggests that these compounds could affect Pt binding in patients. By interfering with Pt-DNA and Pt-protein binding, the compounds could influence side effects and cytotoxicity.

Effect of Sulfur-Containing Compounds on Fuel Cell Performance

The effect of sulfur-containing compounds on polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC) was evaluated. The decrease in PEFC performance caused by the hydrogen sulfide contained in the hydrogen could not be recovered by the supply of pure hydrogen, but it was revealed that by holding the open circuit voltage with supplying pure hydrogen, the sulfur content poisoning the Pt catalyst disassociated as hydrogen sulfide and close to the initial performance was recovered. Holding the open circuit voltage and potential cycles with supplying neat air were also effective against the drop in performance due to the sulfur-containing compounds (sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide) contained in the air, but the recovery in performance was limited. Further, it was revealed that the concentration of fluoride ions in the cathode effluent water increased after supplying sulfur-containing compounds with air. It is believed that when the air contains sulfur-containing compounds, not only are the active sites of the platinum catalyst reduced due to poisoning, but also the electrolyte membrane or ionomers simultaneously decompose and therefore an irreversible drop in performance is caused.

Effect of Sulfur-Containing Compounds on Fuel Cell Performance

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Molecular aspects of resistance to antitumor platinum drugs.

The processes by which cells develop resistance to antitumor platinum drugs have been the subject of intense research because resistance is a major obstacle for the clinical use of this class of drugs. It is therefore of great interest to understand the molecular and biochemical mechanisms that underlie resistance to platinum drugs and their biological effects. There is a large body of experimental evidence suggesting that the antitumor activity of platinum complexes stems from their ability to form on DNA various types of covalent adducts. As a result, research on DNA modifications by these drugs and their cellular processing has predominated. The resistance of tumor cells to platinum drugs has been attributed to several processes and an increased repair of platinum-DNA adducts is considered a most significant event. The present review summarizes recent insights into the effects of sulfur-containing compounds on DNA modifications by antitumor platinum complexes and how these modifications are repaired including how this repair is associated with their recognition by cellular, damaged-DNA binding-proteins. It strongly supports the view that changes in the structure of platinum drugs, resulting in DNA binding mode fundamentally different from that of "classical" cisplatin, will alter resistance pathways of platinum drugs, and may also modulate their pharmacological properties.

Effects of sulfur-containing compounds on the growth and methane production of acclimated-mixed methanogens

A variety of sulfur-containing compounds were investigated for use as medium reductant and sulfur sources for growth of the acclimated-mixed methanogens. In Hungate tube cultures, the optimum concentrations of sulfur compounds for growth and CH 4 formation were sulfide, 0.9 mmol; cysteine, 3.6 mmol; thiosulfate, 0.675 mmol; elemental sulfur (S 0), 0.45 gl −1; glutathione, 2.5 mmol; SO 4 2−, 3.6 mmol; SO 3 2−, 0.9 mmol; and S 2O 5 2−, 0.09 g l −1. In comparison with sulfide as sole sulfur source, CH 4 formation was about the same while higher increments of cell density were obtained by using cysteine, thiosulfate, S 0 and glutathione. Other sulfur-containing compounds tested resulted in decreased CH 4 formation but with a higher increment of cell density. When contaminating sulfidogenic bacteria were inhibited by addition of antibiotics to the medium which are known to affect eubacteria but not methanogens, only a slight amount of hydrogen sulfide was produced by assimilatory reduction of methanogens, and the growth of the methanogens was poor, especially in the case of growing on SO 4 2−, SO 3 2−, thiosulfate or glutathione, indicating that evolved hydrogen sulfide was mainly due to a sulfide-producer that existed symbiotically with predominant methanogens in the cultures. However, in the case of cysteine or S 0 as sulfur sources, in spite of inhibition of contaminating bacteria, sufficient sulfide was reduced by methanogens to support growth and methane formation effectively. These sulfur compounds were also tested for their ability to enhance and restore growth and CH 4 production with sulfur-depleted cells in culture tubes. The results of the present study show that, for the growth of the acclimated-mixed methanogens, volatile and malodorous sulfide can be replaced with the sulfur-containing compounds described above.

Effects of Sulfur-containing Compounds on Methanol to Conversion over ZSM-5 Cataiyst

Methanethiol was completely decomposed to form hydrocarbons and hydrogen sulfide (H2S)during the MTG (Methanol To Gasoline) reaction on H-ZSM-5 under pressurized conditions. Sulfur-containing compounds in the feed suppressed the gas formation and promoted the C4+ aliphatics while keeping the aromatics formation constant.Although the pulse treatment of the H-ZSM-5 with H2 showed no effect on the products distribution under atmospheric conditions, the low concentration of hydrogen sulfide (105ppm)in the feed promoted the olefin contents in lower hydrocarbons while keeping the selectivities of C-C3 hydrocarbons, C4+ aliphatics, and aromatics unchanged. Hydrogen sulfide was assumed to suppress the transfer hydrogenation of olefins by surface hydrogen which was produced during the aromatization of olefins.

Effect of Sulfur-Containing Compounds on Growth of Methanosarcina barkeri in Defined Medium

Methanosarcina barkeri Fusaro (DSM 804) could grow on methanol in a mineral medium containing cysteine or thiosulfate as the sole sulfur source. Optimum growth occurred at cysteine concentrations of 1 to 2.8 mM and at thiosulfate concentrations of 2.5 to 5 mM. No inhibition of growth was observed even when these concentrations were doubled in the culture medium. Under the optimum cysteine and thiosulfate concentrations, the generation times of the organism were about 8 to 10 and 10 to 12 h, respectively, giving a cell yield of about 0.14 to 0.17 and 0.08 to 0.11 g (dry weight)/g of methanol consumed. The organism metabolized cysteine and thiosulfate during growth, giving rise to sulfide in the culture medium. H(2)S evolution from cysteine and thiosulfate was catalyzed by two enzymes, namely cysteine desulfhydrase and thiosulfate reductase, respectively, as revealed by enzyme assay in the crude cell-free extract of the organism.

Effect of sulfur-containing compounds on the life span of Drosophila

Dietary supplements of glutathione, glutathione precursors and other sulfur-containing molecules were fed to Drosophila. Marginal increases in life span were found for 0.078M pyroglutamic acid (+ 9.1%), 0.01M L-methionine (+ 4.9%), and 0.01M methionine + 1 mg/ml vitamin E (+ 7.3%). 0.05M L-methionine plus 10% casein increased life span by 14.8%. For all other concentrations of the following compounds life span was either unchanged or decreased: N-acetyl-L-cysteine, casein, cysteine, glutamic acid, glutathione, glycine, L-methionine, DL-methionine, DL-methionine sulfone, DL-methionine-DL-sulfoxide, L-pyroglutamic acid (5-oxoproline), sodium bisulfite, thiazolidine, 3,3′-thiodipropionic acid and thioproline (thiazolidine carboxylic acid).

In vitro interactions of sulfur-containing compounds with the hepatic mixed-function oxidase system in mice: Effects on paracetamol activation and covalent binding

The effects of five thiols ( N-acetylcysteine, cysteamine, cysteine, glutathione, 2-mercaptopropionylglycine) and methionine on various metabolic stages leading to the covalent binding of paracetamol to hepatic microsomes were examined using mouse liver preparations. All five thiols decreased paracetamol covalent binding at concentrations 10- to 100-fold smaller than those needed to affect significantly the apparent dissociation equilibrium of substrates with oxidized cytochrome P-450, the flavoprotein-mediated reduction of the cytochrome or the oxygenation of cytochrome P-450 substrates. Thus, N-acetylcysteine, cysteamine, cysteine, glutathione, and 2-mercaptopropionylglycine decreased the covalent binding of [ 3H]paracetamol-derived radioactivity by 50% at concentrations of 0.06, 0.01, 0.03, 0.13, and 0.11 m m, respectively. Only cysteamine and cysteine (5 m m) affected the spectral interactions of paracetamol (>1 m m) with cytochrome P-450. Cysteamine also markedly decreased the affinity of cytochrome P-450 for ethylmorphine and aniline. N-Acetylcysteine, cysteamine, glutathione, and 2-mercaptopropionylglycine (1 m m) decreased NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity by <20%. This effect was augmented in the presence of paracetamol. N-Acetylcysteine, cysteamine, cysteine, glutathione, and 2-mercaptopropionylglycine inhibited the oxygenation of at least one of the mixed-function oxidase substrates acetanilide, benzo[α]pyrene, biphenyl, and ethylmorphine up to 80%. Methionine was ineffective in all the assays examined and the mechanism of its known effects in vivo must involve metabolites such as homocysteine, cysteine, and glutathione which are not produced by an in vitro microsomal system. These data suggest that the effects of sulfur-containing compounds on the formation of a reactive paracetamol metabolite are of lesser importance than effects on its subsequent covalent binding, although they may influence the overall efficacy achieved.

Effect of sulfur-containing compounds on viscose ripening

Effect of sulfur-containing compounds on viscose ripening

Effect of sulfur-containing compounds on anaerobic degradation of cellulose to methane by mixed cultures obtained from sewage sludge.

Tests were made to determine the effects of inorganic and organic sulfur sources on the degradation of cellulose to methane in a chemically defined medium with sulfur-poor inoculum prepared from sewage sludge. The results show that a sulfur source of about a 0.85 mM concentration is essential for the degradation of cellulose to CH4. However, the production of CH4 from CO2 and H2 provided in the headspace occurred with 0.1 mM sulfate or sulfide. At a 9 mM concentration, all inorganic sulfur compounds other than sulfate inhibited both cellulose degradation and methane formation, and this inhibition increased in the order thiosulfate less than sulfite less than sulfide less than H2S. It appears that the degradation of cellulose to CH4 in a sulfate-free medium by inoculum maintained in a low-sulfur medium is inhibited because of the lack of availability of sulfur for growth of bacteria and synthesis of cell materials and sulfur-containing cofactors involved in cellulose degradation and methanogenesis. The reduction of methanogenesis by higher levels of sulfate probably occurs as a result of stimulation of reactions converting acetate and H2 to end products other than CH4.

Radiation Chemical Studies of Protein Reactions: Effect of Sulfur-Containing Compounds on Optical Rotation

Abstract Thiourea, thioglycol, and β, β′-thiodiglycolic acid were found to protect against changes in the internal relationships of the atoms in the protein molecule from radiation damage. The optical rotation behavior closely resembles that of amino acid which shows a similar dependence on concentration.

Effect of sulfur-containing compounds on experimental diabetes. XI. Effect of thiol and disulfide compounds on glucose transfer into red blood cells.

Studies were made on the influence of thiol and disulfide compounds on glucose uptake into red blood cells (RBC) of normal and alloxan diabetic rats. 1) Incorporation of glutathione (GSH), 2-mercaptopropionylglycine (MPG), oxidized GSH and oxidized MPG into RBC was examined. MPG was found to be incorporated into RBC. When MPG was allowed to react with RBC at 37° for 30 minutes, approximately 30% of MPG in the reaction solution was incorporated into RBC (alloxan diabetic (AD)-RBC). Four to ten per cent of the incorporated MPG existed in the oxidized form. 2) Incorporation of glucose into normal RBC and AD-RBC was examined. Incorporation of glucose into AD-RBC was inhibited. 3) In normal RBC, such compounds as MPG and cystein which were incorporated into RBC increased glucose uptake, while GSH showed a tendency to inhibit incorporation of glucose. Incorporation of glucose was inhibited by oxd GSH, oxd MPG and cystine. 4) Influence of various inhibitors was studied. Incorporation of glucose was inhibited by SH reagents (HgCl2, parachloromercuribenzoate (PCMB), parachloromercuribenzene sulfonate (PCMBS), NEM), but not by insulin. Potassium borohydride increased glucose uptake. 5) Disappearance of glucose from normal RBC and AD-RBC was studied. Fifty per cent of glucose disappeared from normal RBC 9 minutes later and from AD-RBC 19 minutes later. The time required for the disappearance of 50% of glucose from normal RBC and from AD-RBC was shortened to 7 minutes and to 16 minutes respectively by the addition of MPG. As mentioned above, there is a difference in incorporation of glucose into RBC between normal RBC and AD-RBC. Furthermore, promotion of glucose uptake by MPG and cysteine and inhibition of glucose uptake by oxd MPG and cystine were discussed.

Effect of sulfur-containing compounds on experimental diabetes. 8. Effect of thiol and disulfide compounds on activities of thioldisulfide transhydrogenase, glutathione reductase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

Effect of sulfur-containing compounds on experimental diabetes. 8. Effect of thiol and disulfide compounds on activities of thioldisulfide transhydrogenase, glutathione reductase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

Effect of sulfur-containing compounds on experimental diabetes. X. The transport of SH and S-S compounds into red blood cells

The transport of glutathione (GSH) and 2-mercaptopropionylglycine (MPG) was studied in vitro with red blood cells of normal and alloxan diabetic rats. 1) About 30% of MPG was incorporated into red blood cells. The amount equivalent to one-tenth the incorporated MPG was trapped as oxidized MPG in red blood cells but not the oxidized MPG itself. 2) MPG incorporated into red blood cells and oxidized MPG formed in red blood cells were rapidly released into the medium (60% disappeared in 5 min). 3) Only a small amount of GSH and oxidized GSH were incorporated into red blood cells. 4) The amount of non-protein thiol and disulfide in red blood cells was larger in normal than in diabetic rats but MPG uptake into red blood cells was larger in alloxan diabetic rats : (MPG 0.370±0.008, oxidized MPG 0.026±0.002) than in normal ones (MPG : 0.357±0.009, oxidized MPG 0.019±0.003). 5) Uptake of MPG into red blood cells increased when SH groups of the RBC membrane were inhibited by SH inhibitors (NEM, PCMB, PCMBS). 6) Treatment of red blood cells with insulin showed no effect on transport of MPG into normal red blood cells but decreased the transport into the blood cells of diabetic rats to the normal level. The present results indicated that the amount of MPG incorporated into red blood cells was larger in alloxan diabetic rats than in normal rats and that it increased when normal red blood cells was inhibited by SH inhibitors. This suggests that SH groups in the epithelial layer of red blood cell membrane have previously been inhibited in diabetic rats. Since it is known that transport of glucose into red blood cells is decreased when SH groups of the cell membrane are inhibited by SH inhibitors, it seems that SH groups of RBC have previously been inhibited and utilization of sugar has been influenced in diabetic state.

Effect of sulfur-containing compounds on internal stresses and magnetic properties of electrodeposited iron films

Effect of sulfur-containing compounds on internal stresses and magnetic properties of electrodeposited iron films