Effectiveness Of Solid Waste Management Research Articles

Impact On the Environmental and Health Effects of Solid Waste Management in The Federal Capital Territory, Abuja Nigeria

Impact On the Environmental and Health Effects of Solid Waste Management in The Federal Capital Territory, Abuja Nigeria

Solid Waste Management and Willingness to Pay: An Analysis of Integrated Approach of Garbage Disposal in Multan Pakistan

Introduction: Rapid population growth in developing countries has accelerated urbanization, resulting in a slew of environmental issues. One such problem is the rapid rise in the quantities of solid waste. Pakistan's way of life, like the way of life in many other countries around the world, has changed. As a result of the utilisation arranged populace and ongoing utilisation driven development, squander age has increased dramatically in Pakistan. Removals are being used in an increasing number of food and non-food items. In Pakistan, solid waste management generally consists of flexible, elastic, metals, discarded food, discarded animals, glass, building material, and channel-removed material. Families, businesses, and projects all generate a lot of waste. Heavy waste is frequently generated by medical care facilities and hospitals. Objectives: The investigation of the sources and nature of solid waste generated in urban areas, analysis of current SWM practices, and examination of the socioeconomic, environmental, and health effects of solid waste management were the main goals of the study. Methodology: In this study, a quantitative research design has been chosen. The study's target population consisted of the households in a few Multan city colonies. From 385 respondent information was gathered from 4 colonies. Fitz Gibbon Table for determining the sample size was used. The study employs a stratified random sampling methodology. to evaluate the connection between paying and solid waste management. Questionnaires were used as the data collection tool. SPSS was used to analyze the data. Conclusion: The study's findings indicated that knowledge and home ownership have an impact on willingness to pay. Factors such as income, home ownership, and knowledge of solid waste management have a greater impact on willingness to pay. It was determined that there are some factors that influence a man's willingness to pay for garbage disposal.

A Study to Improve Effectiveness of the Solid Waste Management in the City of Banjar, West Java Province

The purpose of this study is to assess the development of the municipal solid waste management in the City of Banjar, West Java Province. Municipal solid waste management in the City of Banjar has been developed as a system that is expected to implement the 3R concept of reduce, reuse, recycle. However, implementation of the 3R concept through solid waste sorting and composting as well as the service coverage are still very low. Effectiveness of the municipal solid waste management in the City of Banjar could be improved by gradually increasing solid waste sorting, organic waste composting, and the level of service. Improving solid waste sorting from 5% to 70% will produced recycled goods from 16 to 687 ton/month in 2030. Increasing the level of organic waste composting from 5% to 90% will increase the compost production from 35 to 1,905 ton/month, respectively. As a result, the volume of solid waste hauled to final disposal site which increases from 1,129 to 1,440 ton/month in 2026, will gradually decrease to 1,008 ton/month in 2030. It can be concluded that improving effectiveness will result sustainable solid waste management in the City of Banjar.

Situation, Challenges, and Solutions of Policy Implementation on Municipal Waste Management in Vietnam toward Sustainability

Municipal solid waste management is an environmental issue that has received considerable attention from researchers and environmental managers for decades. Supporting the management programs entail policies and regulations related to municipal solid waste. In developed countries, the implementation of environmental policies plays an important role and has a substantial impact on the effectiveness of solid waste management. However, in many developing countries such as Vietnam, the situation and effectiveness of the policy implementation have not been studied extensively. This investigation is conducted to ascertain the situation, limitations, and challenges in implementing solid waste management policy in Vietnam. Then, solutions for the problems and improvements for implementation efficiency are presented. This work used online questionnaires to survey environmental managers in different localities and applied qualitative research method to analyze data. The results show that not all national policies on solid waste management are implemented in all localities. Waste separation is also the foremost concern in municipal waste management in most localities of Vietnam. Most of the localities claimed that the unrealistic nature and difficult implementation of the policies and the lack of needed resources are the main limitations and challenges in Vietnam. Survey results also revealed that different localities in Vietnam have different solutions to increase policy implementation efficiency. Besides, the study also found similarities in the implementation of policies in solid waste management between Vietnam and some other countries and also gathered some valuable lessons for the improvement strategy. Finally, the implementation of an effective domestic solid waste management policy is an important platform for improving environmental quality and ensuring the sustainable development of the nation and mankind.

Application of DPSIR Framework to Explore Effectiveness of Solid Waste Management in the Maldives.

Waste management in preindustrial times was simple because most of the waste consists of organic materials which decompose naturally. However with the change in consumption patterns of the Maldivians, non- biodegradable synthetic materials such as plastic have become one of the leading causes of marine and coastal pollution in the Maldives. In an attempt to identify a low cost efficient approach of Solid Waste Management system across the country, the Maldivian government has introduced a community based solid waste management system at island level. Hence, the main focus of this study is to explore factors that influence effectiveness of Community Based Solid Waste management systems implemented at island level, using Driver, Pressure, State, Impact, Response (DPSIR) framework. Community participation, community satisfaction level and community willingness to pay for the new system was evaluated in the study. Analysis of data showed, even though most people in the community were satisfied with the new system , there was no association between community satisfaction level and their willingness to pay for the sustenance of the new system. In addition, even though community was aware about plastic pollution, there was no association between community perception about plastic pollution and their willingness to adopt green consumer behaviors. The results also showed that even though majority of community members were satisfied with the current model of waste management system, the current system does not address the driving factors that contributes to solid waste generation at island level.

Human biomonitoring of metals in workers at the waste-to-energy incinerator of Turin: An Italian longitudinal study.

Evidence of negative health effects of solid waste management is uncertain. Available reviews suggests the use of biomarkers in human biomonitoring (HBM) to detect low exposure levels. In September 2013, a waste-to-energy plant located in the Turin (Italy) went into operation. The SPoTT (acronym for Population health Surveillance in the Turin incinerator's area) monitoring program was set up to assess the potential health impact caused by the plant. The paper illustrates the results of HBM of metals in the workers before the plant went into operation and then at 1 year and 3 years. This study is one of the few focusing on workers with a longitudinal design (the first in Italy). Eighteen metals in urine and lead in blood were determined by sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Information on participant habits and other characteristics that could potentially affect metals concentrations were collected via a structured questionnaire. Subjects were classified according to their work role at the facility: administrative staff workers (AW); plant workers (PW). Nonparametric methods were used to evaluate the changes in metals concentration over time. Comparison of the metals concentration in the samples taken at baseline and at the following two-time points shows a general decrease in levels: urinary concentration of beryllium (Be), cobalt (Co), mercury (Hg), Ir, nickel (Ni), tin (Sn), thallium (Tl), and blood level of lead (Pb) among the PW and Ir and Pd among the AW were significantly lower at T2 versus baseline. A decrease was also recorded in arsenic (As) among the PW and in cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), palladium (Pd), rhodium (Rh), and zinc (Zn) for both groups, whereas the levels of copper (Cu) and vanadium (V) remained unchanged over time. The downward trend remained also after taking confounding factors into account. The only exceptions were Mn, Pt, Sb among the PW: increase levels between T0 and T2 were recorded, which cannot be specifically attributable to the plant activity. The median urinary and blood concentrations of the metals were lower than those reported in the literature and were below the occupational reference values at all three-time points. Our results are consistent with those reported for the cohort of local residents and with the ambient air measurements.

FACTORS DETERMINING EFFECTIVE HOUSEHOLD SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN ARBA MINCH TOWN: SOUTH WESTERN ETHIOPIA

Increasing generation of domestic solid waste coupled with ineffective waste management service is the major challenge facing Arba Minch town. The main objective of this study is to examine the factors that determine effective household solid waste management by assessing the current status of household solid waste management practice of the town. A simple random sampling technique was applied for sample size selection of 137 households. The primary data were gathered through questionnaires, interviews, observation, and focus group discussion; whereas secondary data were extracted from different published and unpublished materials. The analysis of this study was carried out using both quantitative and qualitative techniques. The findings of the study revealed absence of functional communal waste storage materials, shortage of solid waste transportation vehicles, widespread practice of unauthorized dumping and burning, restriction of the door-todoor waste collection service mainly to the center of the town and the areas close to the main roads. The finding also disclosed that the householder’s age, sex, education, income, awareness, willingness to pay, year of stay, household size, and location of the house are the major determining factors of solid waste management at household level. Moreover, institutional factors such as solid waste facilities and equipment, finance, work force, rules and regulations, and accessibility to the private collectors determine the effectiveness of solid waste management among sample households of this study. Generally, household solid waste management of the town is poor and timely measures must be taken. Keywords: Solid Waste, Waste Management, Household Waste, Arba Minch Town

Effectiveness of Municipal Solid Waste Management in Tamil Nadu with Special Reference to Thiruvallur District

The study is aimed to identify the effectiveness of solid waste management in Tamil Nadu with special reference to Thiruvallur District. “In recent times, the continuous increase of solid waste is a serious problem with the urban and rural areas. The rapid growth of population and increasing per-capita income has resulted in the generation of enormous solid waste posing a serious threat to environmental quality and human health. Improper disposal of waste often results in spread of diseases and contamination of water bodies and soils. The impacts on these wastes on the economy cannot be ignored and managing them has become a major problem. Municipal solid waste management continues to be a major challenge to local governments in both urban and rural areas across the world, and one of the key issues is their financial constraints”. [9] “In Tamil Nadu there are 12 Corporations, 124 Municipalities and 528 Town Panchayats. In total the solid waste generation is 14,600 Tons per day. The Greater Chennai Corporation generates 5000 TPD, 11 Corporation and all Municipalities generate about 7600 TPD and all the town panchayat generates 2000 TPD. The board is advocating the concept of waste segregation at source, waste reduction, recycle and reuse to avoid any environmental issues during handling”.

An approach for the analysis of the effects of solid waste management in slum areas by rapid impact assessment matrix analysis

Magh Mela (Mela) is a mass gathering festival of Hindus and held on the banks of the confluence (SANGAM) of the three holy rivers, Ganga, Yamuna and Saraswati in Allahabad (India). It starts on Makar Sankranti day, i.e., 14th January of every year for 45 days. This study deals with the analysis of solid waste management (SWM) systems in slum areas near the confluence before, during and after the Mela. Surveys were conducted before, after and during the Mela through the questionnaire comprising of physical/chemical, biological/ecological, social/cultural and economical/operational aspects. The responses were analysed with rapid impact assessment matrix (RIAM) to quantify the intangible effects on the environmental score (ES). Environmental performance index (EPI) was computed for all the three phases to intelligibly ascertain the efficacy of the systems/methodologies involved in SWM system. The SWM system did show remarkable improvements during the Mela compared to the other phases.

An approach for the analysis of the effects of solid waste management in slum areas by rapid impact assessment matrix analysis

Magh Mela (Mela) is a mass gathering festival of Hindus and held on the banks of the confluence (SANGAM) of the three holy rivers, Ganga, Yamuna and Saraswati in Allahabad (India). It starts on Makar Sankranti day, i.e., 14th January of every year for 45 days. This study deals with the analysis of solid waste management (SWM) systems in slum areas near the confluence before, during and after the Mela. Surveys were conducted before, after and during the Mela through the questionnaire comprising of physical/chemical, biological/ecological, social/cultural and economical/operational aspects. The responses were analysed with rapid impact assessment matrix (RIAM) to quantify the intangible effects on the environmental score (ES). Environmental performance index (EPI) was computed for all the three phases to intelligibly ascertain the efficacy of the systems/methodologies involved in SWM system. The SWM system did show remarkable improvements during the Mela compared to the other phases.

An Assessment of Environmental Sanitation and Solid Waste Management in Ibadan North Local Government, Oyo State, Nigeria

Poorly controlled and roadside dumping of wastes not only degrades aesthetic quality and beauty of the environment but also pollute soil and water resources as well as serving as potential health hazards to the populace. This study was therefore carried out to assess the environmental sanitation and solid waste management in Ibadan North Local Government of Oyo State, Nigeria. Structural functionalist theory and theory of planned behaviour were used as the theoretical framework. The study employed descriptive survey design. The sample for the study was 416 respondents selected through a combination of cluster and purposive sampling techniques. Primary data were collected through questionnaire and in-depth interviews. Quantitative data collected were analysed at both univariate and bivariate levels while qualitative data were content analysed. Findings from the study revealed that environmental sanitation and solid wastes are managed by a combination of agencies at both state and local government levels as well as private agencies. There was a significant relationship between the awareness of governmental agencies and awareness of public/private partnership (X2=12.887, df=l, p<O.05). Majority of the residents acknowledged the effectiveness of the public/private partnership and there was a positive relationship between the residential wards of respondents and the means of waste disposal employed such as burning (X2=26.081, df=J1, p<O.05) with the exception of community dumpsites which showed a negative relationship (X2=17.788, df=ll, p>O.05). Also, the relationship between residential wards of respondents and the number of times solid wastes are collected was positive (X2=85.810, df=44, p<O.05). The communities with inaccessible roads are hardly visited by the governmental and private agencies to collect solid wastes. The study also showed that residents in Ibadan North LGA have positive attitudes concerning some aspects of environmental sanitation but have negative attitudes towards other aspects of solid waste management. There should be continuous enlightenment of residents, strict enforcement of sanctions and rewards for good waste management practice in order to enhance the effectiveness of solid waste management in Ibadan North LGA.

Economic and Environmental Effects of Solid Waste Management in Ibadan Metropolis of Oyo State, Nigeria

Economic and Environmental Effects of Solid Waste Management in Ibadan Metropolis of Oyo State, Nigeria

Life cycle assessment of solid waste management options for Eskisehir, Turkey

Life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology was used to determine the optimum municipal solid waste (MSW) management strategy for Eskisehir city. Eskisehir is one of the developing cities of Turkey where a total of approximately 750tons/day of waste is generated. An effective MSW management system is needed in this city since the generated MSW is dumped in an unregulated dumping site that has no liner, no biogas capture, etc. Therefore, five different scenarios were developed as alternatives to the current waste management system. Collection and transportation of waste, a material recovery facility (MRF), recycling, composting, incineration and landfilling processes were considered in these scenarios. SimaPro7 libraries were used to obtain background data for the life cycle inventory. One ton of municipal solid waste of Eskisehir was selected as the functional unit. The alternative scenarios were compared through the CML 2000 method and these comparisons were carried out from the abiotic depletion, global warming, human toxicity, acidification, eutrophication and photochemical ozone depletion points of view. According to the comparisons and sensitivity analysis, composting scenario, S3, is the more environmentally preferable alternative. In this study waste management alternatives were investigated only on an environmental point of view. For that reason, it might be supported with other decision-making tools that consider the economic and social effects of solid waste management.