Effect Of Permanent Magnetic Field Research Articles

Effect of permanent magnetic field on photoluminescence of barium and calcium nanofluorides

This work establishes for the first time that imposing of permanent magnetic field ledt o shift of peaks in ranges of photoluminescence of nanopowders CaF2 and BaF2. Ranges of shift of peaks to the red area of a spectrum depended on the size of magnetic field. A transformation of peaks occurs as a result of interaction of own magnetic field of nanofluorides with external magnetic field caused by structural defects of nanopowders. Deconvolution of spectra allowed to identify the split of the first peak of both nanofluorides to a quadruplet, and the second to a doublet at the size of magnetic field of 0.1 T. At increase in magnetic field the quadruplet of the first peak disappears, and the doublet of the second significantly differs for ferromagnetic CaF2 and para-ferromagnetic BaF2. Besides, spectra of both nanofluorides contain peaks at 616 nm that aren’t observed in the field of 0.1 T but appear in the field of 0.15 T, and are possibly caused by the center of coloring.

Effect of Magnetic Field on Corcyra cephalonica Eggs for Parasitization by Trichogramma chilonis

This study evaluated the effect of permanent magnetic field on Corcyra cephalonica Stainton eggs and effect on parasitisation by the egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis Ishii. Corcyra eggs were exposed to magnetic field for different time periods. It was observed that three hours magnetized eggs were significantly more preferred for parasitisation and revealed maximum adult emergence (76.23%, 98.67%) than non-magnetized Corcyra eggs (63.50%, 85.96%). When UV irradiated Corcyra eggs were kept under magnetic field for parasitisation, with increase in the time of exposure to magnetic field, parasitisation also increases along with adult emergence (89.85%, 97.16%) up to 3 hr. Then, it gradually decreases as compared with control (86.80%, 94.54%). Thus, 3 hr magnetized Corcyra eggs prevent the emergence of larva and was preferred by Trichogramma for maximum parasitisation and adult emergence.

The effect of permanent magnetic field on photoluminescence of nanopowder oxides produced by pulsed electron beam evaporation

The effect of a permanent magnetic field on shift of photoluminescent peaks of nanopowder oxides produced by pulsed electron beam evaporation in vacuum has been discovered for the first time. It has been established that when the magnetic field of 0.154 T is superimposed, shifts in photoluminescence spectrum maxima are observed for Al2O3 in the yellow region (14 nm) and for CeO2 in the red region (50 nm). It is possible that the shifts are a consequence of the interaction of the permanent magnetic field with the magnetic moments of nanoparticles that are defective in nature.

Study on beam bunching and rotation characteristics of low power laser in permanent magnetic field

In this paper, a test platform based on the Faraday Effect was designed to investigate the beam bunching and rotation characteristics of low power laser in permanent magnetic field. By changing the structural parameters of the permanent magnetic confined cavity, the effects of permanent magnetic field on the rotation characteristics of linearly polarized light and the beam bunching characteristics of low power laser were studied. In the tests of the rotation characteristics of the linearly polarized light, it was found that the rotation angle of linearly polarized light tended to decrease with the increase of the diameter of the magnetic cavity and the decrease of the number of magnets. The maximum rotation angle of linearly polarized light was 142.6°, and the minimum rotation angle was 13.6°. In the tests of beam bunching characteristics of low power laser, it was found that the laser spot area had a slight reduction and the laser power was slightly enhanced when the magnetic flux density increased from 0.4563T to 0.8243T, which proved that the strong magnetic field had a bunching effect on the low power laser.

Effect of permanent magnetic field on the properties of static water and germination of cucumber seeds

Water scarcity and concentration of salts in soils are currently considered as threats to human life. The degradation of
 irrigation water quality is mainly due to overexploitation of natural resources, poor management and pollution.
 However, these factors limit the development of agriculture. Although the method of treating water by a magnetic field
 is a technique that has recently been introduced into different fields, including agriculture, it can be considered as a
 solution to reduce the salinity problems of irrigation water. On the other hand, magnetized water is the water exposed
 to magnetic rays which undergoes physical and chemical variations. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of
 magnetic treatment the advantages of magnetically treated water on the rate of germination and the germinal faculty
 of cucumber seeds. In addition, experiments were performed with two magnetic devices: A1 = 0.5 Tesla; A2 = 0.29 Tesla.
 As a result, the application of a magnetic field influenced the parameters of the water, decreasing its pH. As well as, the
 increase in germination rate and the seed capacity of cucumber seeds before seedling. Statistical analysis showed that
 our experimental results are highly significant.
 
 Keywords: Static magnetic field, Germination, Cucumber seeds

Effect of permanent magnetic field on scale inhibition property of circulating water.

Effect of a permanent magnet field on the scale inhibition property of circulating water was investigated. Orthogonal experiments of L16(45) were performed and analyzed using the range analysis method. The operating parameters included magnetic field intensity, initial concentration of Ca2+ and Mg2+, magnetic treatment time, temperature, and flow velocity. Scale inhibition rate, hardness, relative variation in the proportion of free water molecules, electrical conductivity, and relative variation of molecular energy were chosen as the objectives. In addition, the morphology and the composition of CaCO3 and MgCO3 scale were studied by X-ray diffraction analysis. The optimal conditions were initial concentration of 900 mg/L, magnetic field intensity of 0.5 T, temperature of 303 K, time of 54 h and flow velocity of 0.17 m/s. The nuclear magnetic resonance results demonstrated that the number of hydrogen bonds increased between water molecules and hydrated ions. The magnetic field can promote the increase in the number of hydrogen bonds, which can inhibit the formation of calcium and magnesium carbonate precipitation. Moreover, the ratio of calcite, aragonite and vaterite will be changed at different magnetic field intensities, and the aragonite ratio will reach the peak at the optimum conditions.

Effect of extremely low frequency magnetic fields on the seedlings of wild plants growing in Central Yakutia

It was shown that permanent (B = 50 μT, horizontal plane, direction to the north) and alternating magnetic fields (North–South direction) exerted influences on seed germination as well as on cytological and biochemical features of seedlings characteristic of investigated species (Lepidium apetalum, Artemisia vulgaris, A. jacutica, and A. dracunculus) of wild plants growing in Central Yakutia. Under the effect of permanent magnetic field (MF), germinating capacity of seeds decreased (except for A. vulgaris), whereas alternating MF of different frequencies improved their germinating capacity, except for L. apetalum and A. jacutica at frequencies of 200 and 300 Hz, respectively. Under permanent MF, the rate of lipid peroxidation in the tissues of the seedlings decreased, whereas the content of low molecular weight antioxidants rose; when the plants were exposed to an alternating magnetic field, the content of MDA and peroxidase activity increased, and the content of low molecular weight antioxidants followed an ambiguous pattern.

Effect of permanent magnetic field on water association in circulating water

Effect of permanent magnetic field on water association in circulating water

Effects of permanent magnetic field on calcium carbonate scaling of circulating water

In this paper, experimental results on the effect of magnetic field on the precipitation process of calcium carbonate scale from hard water are reported. Permanent magnets with different magnetic flux densities are used for investigating the effect of magnetic field on induction time, electrical conductivity, total alkalinity, and turbidity of water sample. The magnetic flux density range of test equipment is 0.03–3.4 T. The induction time is found to be reduced after magnetic treatment. In other words, the existence of magnetic field increases the nucleation rate of calcium carbonate. The effect of water velocity on induction time is not pronounced. Magnetic field inhibits the reduction of electrical conductivity. The magnetic field inhibits reduction of bicarbonate content and the formation of calcium carbonate precipitation. Turbidity removal efficiency is increased from 60% without magnetic treatment to reach a maximum of 99.48% at magnetic flux density of 0.7 T. In the absence of magnetic field, this ratio was only 18.19% at 1.5 h and its maximum value was 39.14%. There is an optimal water velocity of 1.2 m/s and magnetic flux density of 0.7 T.

Effects of permanent magnetic fields on superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde in human microvascular endothelial brain cells under normal and hypoxic conditions

Objective To observe the effects of permanent magnetic fields with different magnetic inductions on oxidative damage to human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) under normal and hypoxic conditions. Methods HBMECs were cultured in vitro under normal and hypoxic conditions,then divided into a control group and groups receiving magnetic induction at 8.1,16.5,20.3,26.0,27.3,62.5,110.7 and 215.6 mT.Changes in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in each group were measured 72 h after exposure to the magnetic fields. Results Under normal conditions the SOD activities of the magnetic groups were not significantly different from that of the control group. Only the MDA content of the 215.6 mT group was statistically different (slightly higher) than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05 ).Under hypoxic conditions,there was again no statistically significant difference in SOD activity,but the MDA content of the 110.7 mT group was significantly lower. Conclusions Under normal conditions,a 215.6 mT permanent magnetic field has an effect on MDA in HBMECs; under hypoxic conditions a 110.7 mT permanent magnetic field has such an effect. Key words: Permanent magnetic fields; Microvascular endothelial brain cells; Superoxide dismutase; Malondialdehyde

Effects of permanent magnetic fields on in vitro growth of Cymbidium and Spathiphyllum shoots

Magnetic fields affect biological systems. However, this is the first study on the effects of permanent magnetic fields (MFs) on the micropropagation of two ornamental plants, Spathiphyllum cv. i.e ‘Merry’ and Cymbidium Music Hour ‘Maria’. Cymbidium and Spathiphyllum shoots cultured in the ‘Miracle Pack’® culture system were exposed to MFs of different intensities, polarities, and duration of exposure. The results show that by increasing intensity from 5 × 10−6 Tesla (T) as the geo-magnetic field to 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2 T negatively influenced height and fresh mass of roots of Cymbidium plants (except for 0.1 T–S and 0.2 T–N treatments), but had no significant effect on other plantlet parameters. Long-term exposure (1, 2, or 3 mo) of Cymbidium shoots to 0.15 T–MFs negatively influenced plant height, positively affected the number of leaves (with the exception of 0.15 T–S—1 mo), and had no clear effect on other parameters compared to the control. MFs (0.1, 0.15, and 0.2 T), regardless of their polarity, increased chlorophyll content (SPAD value) and the number of leaves, but slightly decreased the dry mass of Spathiphyllum shoots. Different exposure duration to 0.15 T (i.e., 2, 4, or 8 wk) had no significant influence on Spathiphyllum plantlet development other than increasing the SPAD value. These two ornamentals could serve as model systems to study plant development, space production, yield maximization, and the development of new morphotypes essential for the floricultural market.

Effects of permanent magnetic fields on the proliferation of Phalaenopsis protocorm-like bodies using liquid medium

Magnetic fields (MFs) have been applied for the first time in orchid micropropagation. Protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) – approximately 3 mm in diameter – first derived from leaf segment culture of Phalaenopsis Gallant Beau ‘George Vazquez’, were subcultured every 2 months, and served as initial explants. The proliferation of Phalaenopsis PLBs in liquid medium in the Miracle Pack ® culture system was affected by the action of different intensities and polarities of MFs: 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2 Tesla (T) at North (N) and South (S) poles. The MF of 0.1 T – S resulted in the greatest fresh weight of regenerated PLBs. The average number of neo-PLBs formed per clusters in the PLB treated by MF: 0.1–0.2 T was decreased compared to the control exposed to natural MF (5 × 10 −6 T). The proliferation of PLBs under 0.15 T – MF at both N and S poles for 2 and 7 weeks demonstrated that a longer duration of exposure to an MF of 0.15 T, regardless of the polarity, resulted in greater biomass of newly formed PLBs and smaller average number of newly formed PLBs. The S pole of MF had stronger effects on Phalaenopsis PLBs proliferation than the N pole did in all treatments.

The effects of permanent magnetic fields on in vitro growth of Phalaenopsis plantlets

SummaryThis is the first study to address the effects of permanent magnetic fields (MFs) on the in vitro growth of Phalaenopsis plantlets. Uniform Phalaenopsis Gallant Beau ‘George Vazquez’ plantlets, each with two leaves and two roots, and each approx. 2 cm in height, were excised from a mass of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) after 3 months of sub-culture. The plantlets (n = 21) were cultured in a film culture system (‘Miracle Pack’®) under MFs of different intensity: 0.10, 0.15, or 0.20 Tesla (T). Each culture vessel at each MF intensity was cultured on the North (N) or South (S) poles of specialised magnets. The 0.15 T MF was also applied for different lengths of time (1, 2, or 3 months) at both the N and S poles. Control plantlets were simply exposed to the naturally-occurring geo-MF, and not to any induced MF. All MFs tested had a positive influence on shoot and root development, but did not influence chlorophyll contents. Among all the intensities and polarities of MF tested, 0.10 T – S had the greatest positive influence on specific growth parameters of Phalaenopsis plantlets such as maximum leaf length, root length, fresh weight and dry weight of shoots and roots, and leaf width. Constant exposure to a MF of 0.15 T for 3 months, at either the N or S poles, significantly enhanced the development of plantlets.The results obtained in this study indicate that MFs can have a positive effect on the efficiency and quality of clonal Phalaenopsis plantlets during commercial production. The MFs from commercially-produced permanent magnets enhanced Phalaenopsis plantlet growth significantly and can be used as a novel means to study the effect of MFs on plant growth and development, or to control morphogenesis in limited spaces such as space stations.

Influence of magnetic field on calcium carbonate precipitation

Effect of permanent magnetic field with north and south faces facing each other (0.16 T) on calcium carbonate precipitation type (homogeneous and heterogeneous) and solubility were investigated in different conditions of calcium carbonate water concentration, treatment-pH and water flow rate in the magnetic field. Treated water was exposed to a scaling test by degasifying dissolved CO 2 in water. It was found that magnetic treatment increases the total amount of precipitate and favours the homogeneous nucleation depending on water treatment-pH, water flow rate and the residence time.

Time-dependent changes of zeta potential and other parameters of in situ calcium carbonate due to magnetic field treatment

Abstract Effects of permanent magnetic fields, north–south (N–S, 0.45 T), south–south (S–S, 0.1 T), and two south–south (2(S–S), 2×0.1 T) on sodium carbonate solution were investigated in a kinetic condition for various exposure time of the solution to the magnetic fields. From the solution and equimolar CaCl2 solution CaCO3 was precipitated. It was found that depending on the exposure time, the magnetic fields decreased surface tension of the sodium carbonate by 1–4 mN m−1. From the magnetized solution the rate of calcium carbonate precipitation was different than from untreated solution, as well as the sedimentation rates. Also electrokinetic potentials of in situ precipitated calcium carbonate were significantly affected in comparison to the reference system. The effects must be due to the magnetic field molecules of CaCO3, possible carbon atoms, where valency electron spins can be unpaired.