Effects Of Parental Absence Research Articles

Reflections and perspectives on parental involvement in children’s school activity

This paper aims to look at the family as a living, unique organism that evolves, transforms, and adapts according to certain conditions. With the birth of children come challenges and responsibilities that each family understands and directs differently. Assuming the parental role, translating it into desirable behaviors, family relationships, and identifying the parents' attitude towards education in general are prerequisites of how they will get involved in their child's school activities. Research results have shown that the more and more effective parents are involved, the better their children's cognitive development, academic achievement, and self-confidence increase. On the other hand, children in families with poor parental relationships will experience lower academic achievement and less confidence in their ability to cope with school tasks. Differences have also been reported between the involvement of mothers and fathers respectively, as well as some of the effects of parental absence on children.

Effects of parental absence on child labor and school attendance in the Philippines

This paper uses longitudinal data from the Philippines to analyze determinants of children’s time allocation. The estimation method takes into account both the simultaneity of time use decisions, by allowing for correlation of residuals across time uses, and unobservable family heterogeneity, through the inclusion of household fixed effects. Importantly, this improved estimation method leads to different results than when applying the methods previously used in the literature. Girls suffer significantly from the absence of their mother with a reduction in time spent in school that is equivalent to dropping out completely. This effect is substantially larger when controlling for household unobservables than when not. Boys increase time spent working on market related activities in response to an absent father, although this time appears to come out of leisure rather than school or doing household chores. Land ownership substantially increase the time boys spend on school activities, whereas renting land reduces the time girls spend on school. Finally, there does not appear to be a substantial trade-off between time spent on school and work, either in the market or at home.

School Incentive Programs and Children’s Activities: The Case of Bangladesh

Previous articleNext article No AccessSchool Incentive Programs and Children’s Activities: The Case of BangladeshMary Arends‐Kuenning and Sajeda AminMary Arends‐Kuenning Search for more articles by this author and Sajeda Amin Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Comparative Education Review Volume 48, Number 3August 2004 Sponsored by the Comparative and International Education Society Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/421376 Views: 176Total views on this site Citations: 21Citations are reported from Crossref © 2004 by the Comparative and International Education Society. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Rafiqul Islam, Md Mahmudul Hoque Trade-Off Between Schooling and Labor for Children: Understanding the Determinative Factors Among Rural Households in Bangladesh, Frontiers in Sociology 7 (Jun 2022).https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2022.839231Antara Lahiri Flying with both wings: empowering adolescent girls through transformative social protection, Policy Design and Practice 92 (May 2020): 1–15.https://doi.org/10.1080/25741292.2020.1747720Sanzidur Rahman, Basanta Kumar Barmon, Asif Reza Anik Productivity growth and efficiency changes in prawn-carp–rice farming in ‘Gher’ system in Bangladesh: A Färe-Primont index approach, Aquaculture 522 (May 2020): 735107.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735107Mohammad Alam, Shinji Kaneko The Effects of Electrification on School Enrollment in Bangladesh: Short- and Long-Run Perspectives, Energies 12, no.44 (Feb 2019): 629.https://doi.org/10.3390/en12040629Claus C. Pörtner Effects of parental absence on child labor and school attendance in the Philippines, Review of Economics of the Household 14, no.11 (Sep 2014): 103–130.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11150-014-9266-5Jody Heymann, Amy Raub, Adele Cassola Does prohibiting child labor increase secondary school enrolment? Insights from a new global dataset, International Journal of Educational Research 60 (Jan 2013): 38–45.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2013.01.003Rasheda Khanam, Russell Ross Is child work a deterrent to school attendance and school attainment?, International Journal of Social Economics 38, no.88 (Jul 2011): 692–713.https://doi.org/10.1108/03068291111143901M. Najeeb Shafiq What Criteria Should Policy-makers Use for Assisting Households with Educational Expenditure?, South Asia Economic Journal 12, no.11 (Mar 2011): 25–37.https://doi.org/10.1177/139156141001200102Amita Chudgar, M. Najeeb Shafiq Family, community, and educational outcomes in South Asia, PROSPECTS 40, no.44 (Nov 2010): 517–534.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11125-010-9169-zT. Paul Schultz Population and Health Policies*, (Jan 2010): 4785–4881.https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-52944-2.00010-0Robert E. Slavin Can financial incentives enhance educational outcomes? Evidence from international experiments, Educational Research Review 5, no.11 (Jan 2010): 68–80.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2009.12.001Mohammad Niaz Asadullah, Nazmul Chaudhury Reverse Gender Gap in Schooling in Bangladesh: Insights from Urban and Rural Households, Journal of Development Studies 45, no.88 (Sep 2009): 1360–1380.https://doi.org/10.1080/00220380902935824 REVIEW AND COMMENTARY, Journal of Children and Media 3, no.11 (Feb 2009): 95–114.https://doi.org/10.1080/17482790802577020M. Najeeb Shafiq A reversal of educational fortune? Educational gender gaps in Bangladesh, Journal of International Development 21, no.11 (Jan 2009): 137–155.https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.1479Erica Field and Attila Ambrus Early Marriage, Age of Menarche, and Female Schooling Attainment in Bangladesh Field and Ambrus, Journal of Political Economy 116, no.55 (Jul 2015): 881–930.https://doi.org/10.1086/593333Cynthia B. Lloyd, Monica Grant, Amanda Ritchie Gender Differences in Time Use Among Adolescents in Developing Countries: Implications of Rising School Enrollment Rates, Journal of Research on Adolescence 18, no.11 (Mar 2008): 99–120.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-7795.2008.00552.xM. Najeeb Shafiq Household schooling and child labor decisions in rural Bangladesh, Journal of Asian Economics 18, no.66 (Dec 2007): 946–966.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asieco.2007.07.003Amy Hsin Children’s Time Use: Labor Divisions and Schooling in Indonesia, Journal of Marriage and Family 69, no.55 (Dec 2007): 1297–1306.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2007.00448.xT. Paul Schultz Chapter 52 Population Policies, Fertility, Women's Human Capital, and Child Quality, (Jan 2007): 3249–3303.https://doi.org/10.1016/S1573-4471(07)04052-1Eric V. Edmonds Chapter 57 Child Labor, (Jan 2007): 3607–3709.https://doi.org/10.1016/S1573-4471(07)04057-0Shahina Amin, Shakil Quayes, Janet M. Rives Market work and household work as deterrents to schooling in Bangladesh, World Development 34, no.77 (Jul 2006): 1271–1286.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2005.10.006

Children exposed to war/terrorism.

This paper reviews the prevalence of psychological morbidities in children who have been exposed to war-related traumas or terrorism as well as the diversity of war-related casualties and their associated psychological responses. The psychological responses to war-related stressors are categorized as (1) little or no reaction, (2) acute emotional and behavioral effects, and (3) long-term effects. Specific categories of war-related casualties discussed include refugee status, traumatic bereavement, effects of parental absence, and child soldiers. Psychological responses associated with terrorism and bioterrorism are presented. Lastly, mediators of the psychological response to war-related stressors are discussed, to include exposure effects, gender effects, parental, family and social factors, and child-specific factors. Children exposed to war-related stressors experience a spectrum of psychological morbidities including posttraumatic stress symptomatology, mood disorders, externalizing and disruptive behaviors, and somatic symptoms determined by exposure dose effect. Specific questions for future research are identified.

Antisocial Tendency Among Drug-Addicted Adults: Potential Long-Term Effects of Parental Absence, Support, and Conflict During Childhood

This study examined the relationship between perceptions of parent-child relations in the family of origin and antisocial tendency in a sample of drug-addicted adults. Data included retrospective accounts of childhood family factors, adolescent antisocial tendency, and self-reported hostility and risk-taking prior to treatment entry. A developmental model was tested that included adolescent antisocial tendency as a mediator of the relationship between childhood parenting factors and adulthood antisocial tendency. The effects of parental support and conflict were found to operate primarily through adolescent measures. Specifically, lower levels of parental support and higher levels of conflict with parents predicted greater adolescent antisocial tendency, which in turn predicted more hostility and risk-taking in adulthood. Thus, parental support appears to serve as a buffer against deviant behavior and drug use.

Male-female differences in effects of parental absence on glucocorticoid stress response

This study examines the family environments and hormone profiles of 316 individuals aged 2 months-58 years residing in a rural village on the east coast of Dominica, a former British colony in the West Indies. Fieldwork was conducted over an eight-year period (1988-1995). Research methods and techniques include radioimmunoassay of cortisol and testosterone from saliva samples (N=22,340), residence histories, behavioral observations of family interactions, extensive ethnographic interview and participant observation, psychological questionnaires, and medical examinations.Analyses of data indicate complex, sex-specific effects of family environment on endocrine function. Male endocrine profiles exhibit greater sensitivity to presence of father than do female endocrine profiles. Father-absent males tend to have (a) low cortisol levels during infancy, (b) high or abnormal cortisol profiles during childhood and adolescence, and (c) high cortisol and low testosterone levels during adulthood compared with those of males raised with a resident father. These results indicate that early family environment has significant effects on endocrine response throughout male life histories.

Childhood Stress and Family Environment

L'etude menee aupres des enfants d'un village rural sur la cote orientale de Dominique montre la relation entre le stress et la composition du groupe domestique (âge, sexe, relation intergenerationnelle, nombre de personnes). Les enfants vivant dans des foyers ou prendre soin d'eux est une attitude frequente et stable ont un niveau de cortisol modere contrairement aux enfants connaissant des evenements familiaux traumatiques

Separation from a Parent during Childhood and Adult Socioeconomic Attainment

This study estimates the impact of a separation from a biological parent during childhood on adult socioeconomic attainment. Data were drawn from the National Survey of Families and Households (NSFH). For white males, white females, black females, and, to a lesser extent, Hispanicfemales, respondents who experienced a separation had lower levels of attainment than those who lived continuously with both parents. However, no significant associations were observed for black males or Hispanic males. The estimated effects of parental absence on socioeconomic well-being were largely mediated by education and marital status. Overall, the data provide no support for the notion that growing up in a single parent family contributes to the low attainment of minority males. Increasing numbers of children in the U.S. are spending part or all of their childhoods in households without both biological parents. Currently, about one child in four lives in a single-parent household, and if the present situation persists, the proportion of children living with a single parent for some period of time before the age of 18 is estimated to be around 60% (Norton & Glick 1986). This experience is considerably more common in some ethnic groups than in others; 19% of non-Hispanic white children live with a single parent, compared to 30% of Hispanic children and 53% of black children (U.S. Bureau of the Census 1989). A number of studies have demonstrated that persons separated from one or both parents during childhood have lower socioeconomic statuses, on the average, than their counterparts raised in households with both biological