Effect Of Muscle Strengthening Research Articles

Effects of Muscle Strengthening around the Hip on Pain, Physical Function, and Gait in Elderly Patients with Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Functional limitations may still remain even after a patient completes a traditional quadriceps-based rehabilitative program after total knee arthroplasty. Based on studies reporting that patients with knee osteoarthritis have muscle weakness around the hip joint after total knee arthroplasty, we investigated whether strengthening the hip muscles can reduce pain and improve the physical function and gait of patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty. Methods: Patients were randomly divided into three groups: hip, quadriceps, and control. The hip group (n = 19) completed an extensor, adductor, and external muscle strengthening exercise program. The quadriceps group (n = 20) completed a quadriceps strengthening exercise program. The control group (n = 16) completed an active range of motion exercises. Therapy was conducted thrice weekly for 12 weeks. Pain and function items from the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, Alternate Step Test, Five Times Sit to Stand Test, and Single Leg Stance Test were performed to assess pain and physical function. In the gait analysis, stride, single-stance (%), double-stance (%), and gait speed were measured. Data were collected at baseline and at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the intervention. Results: The hip group showed more significant improvements in pain and performance on the Alternate Step Test and Single Leg Stance Test than the quadriceps and control groups. In the gait analysis, the hip group showed the largest improvements in single stance and double stance. Conclusions: In conclusion, a 12-week hip muscle strengthening exercise program effectively improves the physical function and gait of patients who have undergone total knee arthroplasty.

Effect of muscle strengthening on perceived pain and static knee angles in young subjects with patellofemoral pain syndrome.

The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the effects of strength training of the knee muscles on perceived pain and static knee angles in young subjects with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). Ten patients, 100% female (mean age, 18.2±3.8 years), with unilateral PFPS (anterior knee pain for at least 3 months), received muscle strengthening of the hip and knee (10 sessions over a period of 3 weeks). The outcome measures were perceived pain (visual analogue scale, VAS) and static knee angles (knee rotation measurer). All measures were collected at pre-, postintervention, and at 1-month follow-up (VAS). Muscle strengthening reduced perceived pain after intervention in 90.8% in subjects and this result was maintained at 1-month follow-up (all, P=0.001). Regarding changes in static knee angles, no significant improvements were found in internal and external rotation; valgus and varus; flexion and recurvatum (all, P>0.05). There was no significant difference between the symptomatic and healthy sides (all, P>0.05). Analyses of the correlation coefficients indicated no significant associations between changes in perceived pain and static knee angles. The current study found that muscle strengthening addressed to the symptomatic knee reduced pain; however, perceived pain was not associated with static knee angles in young subjects with unilateral PFPS.

A pilot study to relationship between urinary protein excretion and muscle strengthening in patients with acute onset renal disease.

The purpose of this study was to investigate urine protein excretion and the effect of muscle strengthening in patients with renal disease. Twenty-eight patients (18 to 87 years old) with acute onset renal disease were treated with steroids at the Hospital of Shiga University of Medical Science. Maximum quadriceps force was measured, and 20-minutes sessions in resistance training were started. After 5 weeks, maximum quadriceps force was measured again. Quadriceps force showed no significant difference between before and after intervention. There was negative correlation between mean urinary protein excretion and amount of change in quadriceps force over the 5 weeks (r=-0.40, p=0.038). We observed the patients with reduced urine protein excretion are tends to easier to obtain muscle strengthening. On the other hand, there is a possibility that the patients with increased urine protein excretion are hard to obtain muscle strengthening, during the intervention.

P2-46. Effect of muscle strengthening on facial asymmetry following peripheral facial nerve paralysis – Comparison by Linear Measurement

The aim of the present study was to compare facial asymmetry in severe cases of Bell’s palsy and Ramsay Hunt syndrome after I year of treatment by muscle-strengthening (MS) or non-muscle-strengthening (N-MS) physical therapy. This prospective study included 34 patients showing facial nerve palsy with an initial electroneurography value of 20% or less. The patients were divided into two groups using a cluster randomized design in five randomly assigned hospitals. The Linear Measurement method was used to evaluate facial asymmetry at VI months and 12 months after the onset of facial palsy. At VI months after onset, ptosis at rest and the pull of the mouth corners were significantly increased in the N-MS group. At 12 months, however, there were no significant differences in the measurement results between the MS group and N-MS group. According to the results of this study, increased muscular strength did not affect the facial asymmetry at I year after the onset of facial nerve palsy.

Effectiveness of muscle strengthening and description of protocols for preventing falls in the elderly: a systematic review.

BackgroundFalls are a geriatric syndrome that is considered a significant public health problem in terms of morbidity and mortality because they lead to a decline in functional capacity and an impaired quality of life in the elderly. Lower limb muscle strengthening seems to be an effective intervention for preventing falls; however, there is no consensus regarding the best method for increasing lower limb muscle strength.ObjectivesTo analyze the effectiveness of lower limb muscle strengthening and to investigate and describe the protocols used for preventing falls in elderly subjects.MethodWe performed a systematic review of randomized and controlled clinical trials published between 2002 and 2012 in the databases PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and PEDro that cited some type of lower limb muscle strengthening protocol and that evaluated the incidence of falls as the primary outcome exclusively in elderly subjects. Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria. Qualitative analysis was performed by independent reviewers applying the PEDro scale.ResultsThe data obtained from the selected studies showed lower fall rates in the intervention groups compared to controls. Six studies described the lower limb muscle strengthening protocol in detail. High methodological quality was found in 6 studies (PEDro score ≥7/10 points).ConclusionsThe methodological quality of the studies in this area appears to leave little doubt regarding the effectiveness of lower limb strengthening exercises for preventing falls in elderly subjects, however the interventions in these studies were poorly reported.

The Effects of Muscle Strengthening on Neuro-Musculo-Skeletal Dynamics in A Squat Jump: A Simulation Study

The Effects of Muscle Strengthening on Neuro-Musculo-Skeletal Dynamics in A Squat Jump: A Simulation Study

Effects of muscle strengthening on vertical jump height

In this study the effects of systematic manipulations of control and muscle strength on vertical jump height were investigated. Forward dynamic simulations of vertical squat jumps were performed with a model of the human musculoskeletal system. Model input was STIM(t), stimulation of six lower extremity muscles as function of time; model output was body motion. The model incorporated all features of the musculoskeletal system of human test subjects considered salient for vertical jumping, and the initial body configuration was set equal to that of the test subjects. First, optimal STIM(t) was found for a standard version of the model (experiment A). A satisfactory correspondence was found between simulation results and kinematics, kinetics and electromyograms of the test subjects. Subsequently, optimal STIM(t) for the standard model was used to drive a model with strengthened muscles (experiment B). Jump height was now lower than that found in experiment A. Finally, optimal STIM(t) was found for the model with strengthened muscles (experiment C). Jump height was now higher than that found in experiment A. These results suggest that in order to take full benefit of an increase in muscle strength, control needs to be adapted. It is speculated that in training programs aimed at improving jumping achievement, muscle training exercises should be accompanied by exercises that allow athletes to practice with their changed muscles.