Effects Of Maleic Hydrazide Research Articles

The effects of maleic hydrazide on growth control of perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne L.CV. yarandi)

The effects of maleic hydrazide on growth control of perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne L.CV. yarandi)

THE LEVEL AND DISTRIBUTION OF PHENOLIC PLANT GROWTH INHIBITORS IN YAM TUBERS DURING DORMANCY

SummaryIn this study a possible role for batatasin‐type phenolic growth inhibitors in the control of dormancy and, therefore, the storage life of tubers of Dioscorea alata and D. esculenta, two economically important food yams, was investigated. After extraction, the level of endogenous growth inhibitory phenolics was estimated by a wheat coleoptile growth test and batatasins specifically determined by fluorescence spectroscopy and gas‐liquid chromatography. There was a gradual decrease in growth inhibitory phenolics in tubers of both species during dormancy and in D. alata this closely paralleled a decrease in batatasin content. It was found that batatasin‐type growth inhibitory phenolics accumulated rapidly in developing tubers just prior to the onset of dormancy and were assyrnetrically distributed, being concentrated in the proximal (head) region and in the peripheral zone just beneath the periderm. Gibberellin A3 treatment produced a promotion of the dormant period and a correlative rise in the growth inhibitory phenolic level. Effects of maleic hydrazide and ethylene chlorohydrin are also reported. The results are discussed in terms of the mechanism of dormancy control in these tubers and it is concluded that endogenous batatasin‐type phenolics are involved in this.

The effect of maleic hydrazide and chlorocholine chloride on the growth, seed yield components and seed yield of S.23 ryegrass

SummaryThe effects of maleic hydrazide (MH) and chlorocholine chloride (CCC) on S. 23 perennial ryegrass grown for seed were investigated in a series of field experiments from 1972 to 1974. MH significantly decreased straw length and lodging, but also decreased all yield components, seed yield and germination percentage. All growth stages and harvest date were delayed and the seed production mechanism impaired. CCC had little effect on length of fertile tillers or lodging but seed yield was increased in 1972 and 1973 when the chemical was applied at spikelet initiation. In 1972 an increase in 1000-grain weight and in 1973 small but insignificant increases in numbers of fertile tillers and seeds per spikelet were responsible. This chemical had no visible effects on the growth and development of the crop or on germination percentage of the seed.

Effects of maleic hydrazide on yield and storage of potatoes in West Bengal

1. Royal Kidney and Up-to-date varieties were sprayed with 2,000, 3,000, 4,000 and 5,000 ppm of Maleic hydrazide (MH 40) 80 and 90 days after planting. 2. Potatoes sprayed with 5,000 ppm MH 40 produced an insignificantly higher yield than the control or other concentrations of MH. 3. Weight loss of Royal Kidney decreased during 7 months at 80–90 F storage as the concentration of MH was increased, whereas with Up-to-date, weight loss increased as concentration of MH increased. 4. Time of application, 80 and 90 days after planting, had no significant effect on yield but weight losses in storage were less when sprayed 90 days after planting. 5. Weight loss under refrigerated storage (55 F) were much lower for all treatments including controls than under unrefrigerated storage. 6. Under refrigerated storage weight losses in Royal Kidney increased slightly as MH concentration was increased, whereas, in Up-to-date weight losses decreased slightly as MH concentration increased. 7. MH sprays, 2000 to 5000 ppm applied 80 and 90 days after planting had no adverse effect on tuber shape.

Effects of Maleic Hydrazide on the Synthesis of Protein and Metabolism of Amino Acids in Tea

Effects of Maleic Hydrazide on the Synthesis of Protein and Metabolism of Amino Acids in Tea

Some effects of Maleic Hydrazide and other mutagens on the nucleus of a Dinoflagellate

Maleic hydrazide was found to cause a considerable suppression of mitosis in the DinoflagellateProrocentrum micans. No evidence was obtained to suggest that it caused any chromosome aberrations of the type that are produced in higher plants. Trial experiments with some other substances are reported, again no chromosome aberrations were found.

THE EFFECT OF MALEIC HYDRAZIDE ON SYNTHESIS OF LIGNIN

The effect of maleic hydrazide and several other chemicals on the synthesis of lignin was investigated in oat coleoptile, pea hypocotyl, and tobacco. When measured by ultraviolet light absorption, maleic hydrazide depressed While 1,4-naphthoquinone increased the lignin content in the conducting tissues of oat coleoptile. The lignin content of oat coleoptiles treated with maleic hydrazide in presence of 1,4-naphthoquinone and tyrosine was reduced. Additions of ferulic acid generally overcame the effects of maleic hydrazide; p-benzoquinone was ineffective. Gibberellic acid and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid generally promoted the synthesis of lignin. Joint use of these chemicals and maleic hydrazide produced intermediate levels of lignin. The hygroscopicity and filling value of flue-cured tobacco was related to the lignin content of the leaf.

THE EFFECTS OF MALEIC HYDRAZIDE AND 2,4‐DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID ON ROADSIDE VEGETATION

Summary. Observations have been made on the effects of maleic hydrazide (MH) and 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4‐D), used singly or as a combined spray, on the vegetation of roadside verges, over a period of 3‐4 years (1958‐61). Each year, replicate plots were sprayed in spring, and assessments of growth and floristic composition of the vegetation, which was dominated by grasses, were usually made on three occasions. Treatment with MH, used singly, resulted in a general suppression of growth and flowering, particularly of the grasses. Well‐marked changes in the composition of the sward were attributable to MH, notably the decline of tufted forms, e.g. Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, and the rise to dominance of the rhizomatous grasses. These changes were associated with a progressive increase of some dicotyledonous plants, although this was effectively prevented by the combined spray of MH and 2,4‐D. Two of the commonest weeds, Anthriscus sylvestris and Heracleum sphondylium, were almost eliminated from plots treated with this combined spray for 3 successive years; a low sward, fairly free from dicotyledons and dominated by Poa rather than Festuca, usually resulted. Treatment with 2,4‐D alone, had relatively little effect on growth, flowering and proportion of the different grasses, but there was a reduction in the weed population.Les effets de l'hydrazide maléique et de l'acide 2,4‐dichlorophénoxyacétique sur la végetation au bord d'une route

Effect of Maleic Hydrazide on Growth and Reproduction of the Sandbur

1. The effects of maleic hydrazide on growth and reproduction of the sandbur (Cenchrus tribuloides L.) under green-house conditions are reported. Tests were made with a commercial preparation, MH-40, which is the sodium salt of maleic hydrazide, equivalent to 40.0% active maleic hydrazide. 2. Solutions containing 4000 and 8000 p.p.m. of active maleic hydrazide were effective in destroying sandbur seedlings during the first 2 weeks after germination. Since a second grain in the bur may germinate subsequent to emergence of the first plant, a second and a third spray application are necessary to insure complete killing. 3. Mature plants of the sandbur were not destroyed by maleic hydrazide (4000 or 8000 p.p.m. active maleic hydrazide), although growth was retarded and fruiting was considerably reduced.

Effects of Maleic Hydrazide and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid on the Free Amino Acids in Sugar Beets

1. Foliar sprays of maleic hydrazide and 2,4-D, used alone and in combination, caused significant changes in the relative quantities of free amino acids in sugar beets without significant qualitative change. 2. Treatment with maleic hydrazide in 1951 resulted in a significant increase in the relative quantities of certain free amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, valine, and gamma amino butyric acid) of sugar beet roots when applied at both 3 and 6 pounds per acre 33 days before harvest. The 3-pound rate caused the greater increase. 3. Treatment with maleic hydrazide at 6 pounds per acre in 1952 resulted in a relative decrease in glutamine, alanine, lysine, and tyrosine (spot 3) in roots 5 days after application. In roots sampled 60 days after such foliar sprays, there were relatively significant increases in the same acids as compared with untreated controls. 4. The application of 2,4-D in 1952 resulted in a relative decrease in glutamine, alanine, lysine, and tryosine in roots at 5 days after spraying. At ...

The Effects of Maleic Hydrazide on the Ripening in Wheat and its After-Effects.

Studies were made on the effects of Maleic Hydrazide(M. H)to the development of seeds and the germination of seeds obtained when sprayed on the ripening stage. 1.0 and 0.5% solution (volumetric per cent of original solution) of M.H-30 were sprayed respectively on the wheat plants to be tested on three times, 10 th, 20 th and 30 th day after heading. The results obtained were as follows 1) Effects on the seeds development. In the spikes of plants sprayed on 10th day after heading the embryos ceaced their further development. Grain-weight was not effcted but embryo-develOpment was inhibited greatly when sprayed on 20 th day after heading. There was not to be seen any difference externally between both plots treated and non-treated when the former was sprayed on the 30 th day after heading. 2) Germination and growth of the seeds obtained from treated plants. Spraying M.H on the 20 th day heading, the germination of seeds obtained was completely or almost completely inhibited. On the other hand, when sprayed on the 30 th day after heading the seeds obtained germinated normally but failed to continue their further elongation. From the results above mentioned we knew that M.H treatment on the ripening stage can greatly inhibit embryo development without any effect upon the grain-weight and therefore there is a possibility to utilize M.H as one of the chemicals ta keep in check the germination of seeds on the ear.

Some Effects of Maleic Hydrazide on Internode Elongation, Cell Enlargement, and Stem Anatomy

Some Effects of Maleic Hydrazide on Internode Elongation, Cell Enlargement, and Stem Anatomy

Some effects of maleic hydrazide on stored potatoes

I NTRODUCTIO N MH (maleic hydrazide) when applied to potato foliage often produces different reactions. The response varies witla the concentration and the time of application. Denison (2) found that yields were reduced when the concentrations were increased from 375 to 6000 ppm. He also found that high rates of application resulted in small misshaped tubers. Kennedy and Smith (3) reported an increased tuber set from a concentration of 1.1 per cent of MH applied to the Sebago variety at the time of tuber set. However, the tubers were malformed and the foliage was stunted. Patterson et al (4), using concentrations of 1000 to 2500 ppm of MH one to seven weeks prior to harvest, were able to prolong the dormancy of tubers. Also, less reducing sugars accumulated in the treated potatoes. Wittwer and Patterson (5) eliminated sprouting of potatoes stored for seven months at 45 ~ F. by foliar applications of 2500 ppm of MH. The treated potatoes made better potato chips than those not treated. The present studies were undertaken to determine some of the effects of MH on Katahdin potatoes under Ontario conditions.

Some Histological and Morphological Effects of Maleic Hydrazide on a Spring Wheat1

Some Histological and Morphological Effects of Maleic Hydrazide on a Spring Wheat¹

Effects of Maleic Hydrazide on Initiation and Development of Tomato Crown-Gall Tumors

Effects of Maleic Hydrazide on Initiation and Development of Tomato Crown-Gall Tumors

The Effects of Maleic Hydrazide on Growth and Cell Division in Pisum sativum

The Effects of Maleic Hydrazide on Growth and Cell Division in Pisum sativum

Some Effects of Maleic Hydrazide on Turf Grasses

Agronomy JournalVolume 42, Issue 9 p. 461-462 Note Some Effects of Maleic Hydrazide on Turf Grasses Ralph E. Engel, Ralph E. Engel Rutgers University, New Brunswick, N. J.Search for more papers by this authorGilbert H. Ahlgren, Gilbert H. AhlgrenSearch for more papers by this author Ralph E. Engel, Ralph E. Engel Rutgers University, New Brunswick, N. J.Search for more papers by this authorGilbert H. Ahlgren, Gilbert H. AhlgrenSearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 September 1950 https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1950.00021962004200090013xCitations: 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume42, Issue9September 1950Pages 461-462 RelatedInformation

Several effects of maleic hydrazide on plants.

Several effects of maleic hydrazide on plants.