Effect Of Hydroalcoholic Extract Research Articles

Immunomodulation Induced in BALB/c Mice after Subacute Exposure to Hydroalcoholic Extract of Artimisia Dracunculus.

Tarragon, with the scientific name of Artemisia dracunculus, is a perennial herbaceous plant with a wide spectrum of pharmacologic properties. In the current investigation, BALB/c mice were used to examine the immunomodulatory effects of hydroalcoholic extract of tarragon (HET). Mice were treated with hydroalcoholic extract of Artimisia dracunculus (HET) at two doses (250 and 500 mg/kg) for 14 days. The host hematological parameters, spleen cellularity histopathology, hemagglutination titer assay (HA), delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses, IFN-γ and IL-4 levels produced by spelenocytes, and the proliferation of lymphocytes were assayed. HET at a high dose significantly could increase the number of white blood cells and lymphocytes compared to the control group. The lymphocyte proliferation in exposure to PHA significantly increased in the HET group at both doses compared to the control group, whilst this index in the presence of LPS increased significantly for the 500 mg/kg-HET group only. Moreover, in the HA and DTH tests, HET significantly increased the proliferation of lymphocytes as compared with the control group. Furthermore, HET significantly increased the amount of IFN-γ parallel to a decrease in the level of IL-4 in compared to the control group. Based on our findings, HET has potent immunostimulant characteristics. More investigation into tarragon's potential to be used in the treatment of disorders caused by a weakened immune response should be conducted.

The Effectiveness of Hydroalcoholic Extract and Fraction of Cucumis melo on Amelioration of High Fat Diet Induced hepatotoxicity: A Comprehensive Approach Integrating Computational and Preclinical Validation

The Effectiveness of Hydroalcoholic Extract and Fraction of Cucumis melo on Amelioration of High Fat Diet Induced hepatotoxicity: A Comprehensive Approach Integrating Computational and Preclinical Validation

Pharmacological evaluation of the protective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of walnut (Juglans regia L.) leaf on 6-mercaptopurine-induced hepatotoxicity in rats

Chemical hepatotoxicity can cause liver illnesses like hepatitis and cirrhosis. Mercaptopurine, an anti-tumor medication, has potential myelotoxicity. Natural plants contain hepatoprotective phytoconstituents. The study aimed to explore the protective effect of J. Reia hydroalcoholic leaf extract against MTP-induced liver injury in rats. Seven groups of rats were randomly selected: Control received only distilled water and food; MP at 40 mg kg-1 b.w; Silymarin at 50 mg kg-1 b.w; Juglans Leaf extract 400 mg kg-1 b.w; Juglans Leaf extract 400 mg kg-1 and 6-MP 40 mg kg-1; Silymarin 50 mg kg-1 and 6-MP 40 mg kg-1; Juglans Leaf extract (200 mg kg-1); silymarin 25 mg kg-1, and 6-MP 40 mg kg-1. Blood samples were collected on days: zero, 10 and 21 days. Liver injury was assessed by serum biochemical parameters (SGOT, SGPT, ALP), bilirubin, albumin and total protein in addition to histopathology changes. Administration of J. Reia leaf extract significantly lowered SGOT, SGPT, ALP levels and bilirubin in MTP-treated rats. Histopathological evaluation of livers showed that J. Regia leaves extract reduced cell swelling, fatty degeneration, and inflammation in MTP-treated rats. These findings indicate that J. Regia extract has a protective impact on Oxidative injury in rat liver caused by MTP. Moreover, extract is an effective antioxidant and hepatoprotective agent for reducing hepatocellular damage.

Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Chamomile, Aloe Vera, and Green Tea on the Diabetic Wound in Rats

Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Chamomile, Aloe Vera, and Green Tea on the Diabetic Wound in Rats

The effect of Dracocephalum subcapitatum hydroalcoholic extract on dexamethasone-induced hyperlipidemic rats.

Recent data show the antihyperlipidemic activities of some plants belonging to the genus Dracocephalum. In this study, the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of D. subcapitatum (O. Kuntze) Lipsky aerial parts were evaluated in a model of hyperlipidemia induced by dexamethasone. The extract was prepared by maceration method and its total phenolic content was determined. Seven groups of 6 Wistar rats were used as follows: group 1 (normal control) received vehicle; group 2 (extract control) treated only with 200 mg/kg D. subcapitatum; group 3 (hyperlipidemia control) received dexamethasone (10 mg/kg/day, subcutaneously); group 4 (reference) received dexamethasone and atorvastatin (40 mg/kg, orally), and groups 5-7 (test groups) received dexamethasone and simultaneously treated orally with 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg D. subcapitatum. All treatments were done for 1 week. Serum lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, malondialdehyde concentration, and liver histopathology were examined. Total phenolic content was 77.34 ± 4.9 mg/g as gallic acid equivalent. Treatment with D. subcapitatum (200 mg/kg) meaningfully declined triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, blood glucose, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and malondialdehyde levels, and alleviated hepatic steatosis in dexamethasone-induced dyslipidemic rats. Findings of the current study suggest that D. subcapitatum may be effective in the management of hyperlipidemia. Further studies are necessary to determine the clinical efficacy of this treatment and to understand the underlying mechanisms responsible for its ability to lower lipid levels.

In vitro antioxidant effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Cassia tora aerial part using different models

Background: Free radicals, harmful by-products of a cell's natural metabolism, are responsible for various health problems. The search for plant-based supplements or medicines is always in high demand, as is the antioxidant activity that contributes to the therapeutic efficacy of plants. Aim: In the present study, the hydroalcoholic extracts from the aerial parts of Cassia tora were used for in vitro analysis of their antioxidant activity. Methods: Six separate assay methods were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity, i.e., against hydroxyl radical, DPPH, superoxide anions, nitric oxide, and also total flavonoid and phenolic content, were investigated. This was done by standardizing hydroalcoholic extract (70/30 ethanol to water) of Cassia tora and ascorbic acid. Results: Percentage scavenging activity and IC50 value were measured for extract prepared at various concentrations. The results IC50 values were 25.54 µg/ml, 45.04 µg/ml, 36.56 µg/ml, and 97.61 µg/ml for DPPH, superoxide radicals, hydroxyl radicals, and nitric oxide, respectively. Subsequently, the total phenolic and flavonoid content in the extract obtained was 1.927±0.73 mg GAE/gm and 1.018±0.29 mg QE/gm, respectively. Conclusion: The hydroalcoholic extract of Cassia tora contains more phytoconstituents. This suggests it has a wide range of medicinal antioxidant properties that make it helpful in treating many diseases. With the increasing demand for safer herbal treatments, scientific efforts in this field are making significant contributions and advances and supporting innovation.

Cardioprotective Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Lepidium draba on Isoproterenol-Induced Acute Myocardial Infarction in Rats

Background: Recently, there has been increased interest in medicinal plants for the discovery of new compounds to treat various disorders. A few studies have highlighted the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Lepidium draba. Objectives: This study explores the potential cardioprotective effects of L. draba against myocardial infarction (MI) induced by isoproterenol. Methods: Isoproterenol (ISO) (100 mg/kg, injected subcutaneously for two consecutive days) was utilized to induce acute myocardial infarction in rats. The treated groups were administered hydroalcoholic extracts of L. draba intraperitoneally (ip) at doses of 50, 250, and 500 mg/kg for 2 consecutive days. Subsequently, the Electrocardiogram pattern, cardiodynamic parameters, cardiac remodeling, and lactate dehydrogenase levels were assessed. Results: The findings revealed that isoproterenol administration elevated the ST-segment and diminished the R-amplitude on the electrocardiogram, whereas treatment with L. draba extracts significantly ameliorated the ECG pattern. Isoproterenol injections lowered the mean arterial pressure (MAP), which was significantly increased by L. draba extract at all doses (P < 0.05). Furthermore, isoproterenol injections elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels (P < 0.05) and cardiac fibrosis (P < 0.001), and treatment with the hydroalcoholic extract of L. draba significantly reduced both indices (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). Conclusions: This study is the first to demonstrate that L. draba administration protects myocardial tissue from isoproterenol-induced infarction. Consequently, this plant could be recommended as an adjunct treatment for patients with acute MI.

Preclinical Evaluation of Paederia foetida leaves for Burn Wound Healing Activity

The leaves of Paederia foetida are commonly used in folk remedies to treat various types of wounds, especially burn wounds. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Paederia foetida on experimentally induced burn wound in rats and compare the effects with known wound healing agents, Silverex ointment and Aloe veragel. An appropriate gel formulation was chosen for topical application in this burn wound model. Animals treated with Paederia foetida leaves extract showed significant reduction in period of epithelialization and wound contraction 50% as compare to control and produced comparable effect as compare to Silverex ointment and Aloe vera gel. From the study It was concluded that Paederia foetida leaves extract applied topically (2.5% and 5% gel formulation) possesses burn wound healing activity.

Antioxidative Effects of Hydro-Alcoholic Extract and Essential Oil of Quercus brantii Exerts Anti-Depressant-Like Effect and Improvement of Memory Defect in Progesterone-Induced Postpartum Depression in Rats

Antioxidative Effects of Hydro-Alcoholic Extract and Essential Oil of Quercus brantii Exerts Anti-Depressant-Like Effect and Improvement of Memory Defect in Progesterone-Induced Postpartum Depression in Rats

Evaluation of serum pro/anti-angiogenic biomarkers in hyperglycemic rats treated with Securigera securidaca seeds, alone and in combination with Glibenclamide.

Herbal medicines are commonly used by many people with diabetes in addition to standard treatment. Plants contain numerous known and unknown compounds that may exacerbate or ameliorate diabetes complications. Therefore, it is crucial to be aware of the side effects of these herbs before prescribing them. This study aimed to investigate the effects of hydroalcoholic extracts of Securigera securidaca (HESS) seeds alone and in combination with glibenclamide on the angiogenic/anti-angiogenic balance in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Groups involved in this animal study included diabetic and healthy controls, three doses of HESS, glibenclamide, and combination therapy. Serum samples were collected and analyzed for a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), fetal liver kinase 1 (FLK-1), soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFLT-1), and transforming growth factor -beta (TGF-β). Induction of diabetes increased VEGF, FGF21, and TGF-β serum levels and decreased circulating FLK-1 and sFLT-1 factors. Herbal extract, except TGF-β, had little effect on the above blood levels even at the highest doses. Glibenclamide was more effective than the highest dose of HESS in improving the vascular complications of diabetes. Combination therapy with the highest dose of HESS partly enhanced the glibenclamide effects. Compared with glibenclamide as a standard chemical drug, HESS had no significant effects on the blood levels of the pro/anti-angiogenesis factor in diabetic rats. Glibenclamide attenuated the levels of the biomarkers and its effects were somewhat enhanced in combination with the highest dose of HESS.

Effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Nigella sativa on cisplatin-induced memory impairment and brain oxidative stress status in male rats.

Studies have shown the complications of chemotherapy on learning and memory. Empirical evidence suggests that Nigella sativa (NS) has neuroprotective activities. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the effects of NS on cisplatin-induced memory impairment. This study was conducted on 40 male rats grouped as: control (saline: 2 ml/kg, intraperitoneally (IP), once weekly/2 weeks), cisplatin (Cis, 2 mg/kg, IP, once weekly/2 weeks), NS (200 mg/kg, IP, once weekly/2 weeks), Cis +NS 200 (2 mg/kg Cis + 200 mg/kg NS, IP, once weekly/2 weeks), and Cis +NS 400 (2 mg/kg Cis + 400 mg/kg NS, IP, once weekly/2 weeks). Morris water maze (MWM) test was used to assess spatial learning and memory. In addition, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and thiol and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were evaluated in the brain. Cis significantly enhanced the traveled distance and time spent in the target quadrant in the MWM test. Additionally, MDA levels increased in the Cis group, while thiol and SOD decreased in this group. As a result of treatment with NS, behavioral results were reversed in the groups receiving NS compared to the Cis group. Also, NS reduced MDA level but improved SOD and thiol levels in brain tissue samples. NS could improve memory impairment and oxidative stress in animals receiving Cis. Therefore, NS could be used as a potential food supplement to prevent neurotoxicity in patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Protective effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Coronilla securidaca L. seeds on serum levels of plasma blood parameters, antioxidant status and liver tissue changes in tamsulosin treated rats

Protective effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Coronilla securidaca L. seeds on serum levels of plasma blood parameters, antioxidant status and liver tissue changes in tamsulosin treated rats

Examining the Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Dracaena cinnabari on Sex Hormones and Ovarian and Uterine Tissues of Rats

Abstract Introduction: Dracaena cinnabari is considered a rich source of phytochemicals used widely in traditional medicine. In the present study, the effect of D. cinnabari hydraulic extract on the reproductive system of female rats was investigated. Methods: The samples were randomly divided into four groups (six samples in each group), including three treatment groups and one control group, and all samples were kept at the same conditions. Hydraulic extract of D. cinnabari and injected intraperitoneally daily for 10 days, while physiological serum was used for injection in to the control group. After 10 days of injection, estrogen and progesterone levels were measured by enzyme immunoassay technique. After dissection, the ovaries and uterine tissues were isolated for histological examination, and tissue changes were carefully examined. Results: The results revealed that the levels of estrogen and progesterone in experimental Groups 2 and 3 had a significant increase (P < 0.001). Regarding tissue changes, a significant increase was observed in epithelial thickness (P < 0.001), number of corpus luteum (P < 0.01), and Graafian follicle (P < 0.01) in doses of 100 and 150 mg/kg. Conclusions: Based on the results, it seems that D. cinnabari extract has an effect on the ovarian follicles.

EVALUATION OF IN VIVO ANTI-ACNE ACTIVITY OF FLOWER EXTRACT OF WITHANIA COAGULANS

Acne vulgaris is the widespread chronic skin illness. Conventional therapy has drawbacks, such as increasing antibiotic resistance in the microorganisms that cause acne. Herbs are a natural medicine source that has negligible to no adverse effects when used to treat acne. Numerous researches are carried out to help teens and other individuals avoid acne. Thus, this study deals with discovering the anti-acne potential of medicinal plants W. coagulans. Initially gathering of plant flowers, its extraction and qualitative and quantitative analysis was performed. The in vivo anti-acne activity was performed by inducing the heat killed P. acne in rats’ ear and measuring its thickness on specific days. The results showed that plant contains the alkaloid, flavonoid, phenol, protein, carbohydrate, saponin, diterpene, tannin. Total flavonoids content and Total phenol content were found to be0.67 and 0.95 mg/ 100 mg of dried extract of Withania coagulans respectively. In animal mode, at the end of 10th day the ear thickness in Withania coagulans 200 mg/kg treated rats was observed to be 0.19±0.05 which is near to ear thickness of 0.10±0.03 observed in Clindamycin 200 mg/kg p.o treated rats. The results of the extracts were comparable with standard. The data resulted from anti-acne effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Withania coagulans was significantly decreased the inflammation in rat’s ear. Thus, it can be concluded that that Withania coagulans had appreciable anti-acne activity. Withania coagulans can thus be utilized to develop antiacne formulations and tested in preclinical and clinical studies due to its good potency against bacteria that cause acne. KEYWORDS: Acne, Withania coagulans flowers, Phytochemicals, P. acne, Clindamycin, Ear thickness.

Therapeutic Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract for Withania Coagulans for Diuretic Activity in Rodents

Therapeutic Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract for Withania Coagulans for Diuretic Activity in Rodents

Effect of Agaricus blazei Murill on exploratory behavior of mice-model.

Increased anxiety and depressive symptoms have reported to be its association with long term illness. Because of having unwanted effects of newly available drugs, patients administering anxiolytic drugs usually discontinue the treatment before they are completely recovered. Therefore, there is a serious need to develop new anxiolytic drugs. The anxiolytic effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Agaricus blazei in animal models was assessed. 24 male mice (Mus musculus genus) were included in the study. Four groups were prepared and each group contained six animals. The groups were vehicle control, positive control (diazepam 1.0 mg/kg, i.p.) as well as two treatment groups receiving Agaricus blazei hydro-alcoholic extract at a dose of 136.50 mg/kg and 273.0 mg/kg orally. The Marble burying test, Nestlet shredding test and Light and Dark box test used to assess anxiolytic activity. Mice administered with diazepam 1.0 mg/kg, i.p. while hydro-alcoholic extract of AbM (136.50 and 273.0 mg/kg, respectively) was administered via oral route which exhibited marked reduction in number of marbles-burying as compared to vehicle control group. Mice administered with diazepam 1.0 mg/kg, i.p. and Oral administration of hydro-alcoholic extract of AbM (136.50 and 273.0 mg/kg, respectively) exhibited significant decrease in nestlet shredding in comparison to vehicle control group. The oral administration of hydro-alcoholic extract at a dose of 136.5mg/kg and 273mg/kg showed elevation in time spent in light box and was comparable to standard treated group while time spent by mice following oral administration of hydro-alcoholic extract of Agaricus blazei at a dose of 273.0 mg/kg also showed elevation and was found to be more near to standard treated group (diazepam 1 mg/kg, i.p.).

Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Dicliptera cuneata Nees aerial parts.

Dicliptera cuneata Nees is a traditional medicinal plant but its extract or phytochemicals are less known. Therefore, it is of interest to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of aerial part hydroalcoholic extract of Dicliptera cuneata Nees. Hence, we used protein denaturation assay, FRAP assay, Nitric oxide and peroxide scavenging assays methods following standard developed techniques. The hydro-alcoholic extract exhibited dose-dependent effectiveness in all the assays and showed maximum efficacy in the assays at higher doses selected. Data shows that hydroalcholic extract of Dicliptera cuneata Nees showed anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in in vitro settings. It should be noted that more data is needed to further develop the extract into suitable formulations.

Investigating the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Prosopis farcta fruit on the toxicity induced by temozolomide in glioblastoma cell line in vitro

Introduction: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most common human brain tumors. The use of temozolomide drug can be mentioned among the treatment methods. Researchers are trying to use methods to overcome resistance to temozolomide. Regarding the anticancer effects of Prosopis farcta in traditional Iranian medicine, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of the fruit hydroalcoholic extract of Prosopis farcta on the toxicity induced by temozolomide in the GBM cell line. Method: The T98G cell line was treated with plant extract and temozolomide. The cell survival rate was evaluated by MTT assay. The type of interaction between herbal extract and temozolomide was evaluated using the MTT test and Compusyn software. In addition, the amount of nitric oxide production in cancer cells was measured. Furthermore, the expression of the O-6-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase (MGMT) gene was evaluated by Real-time PCR. Results: Hydroalcoholic extract of the plant and temozolomide decreased cell viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The combination of extract and temozolomide had a synergistic effect in reducing cell survival. The hydroalcoholic extract and/or temozolomide caused a significant decrease in nitric oxide production and secretion (P<0.05). Considering the expression of MGMT, the hydroalcoholic extract and temozolomide significantly decreased and increased the expression of this gene, respectively (P<0.05). Simultaneous treatment caused a significant decrease in MGMT expression compared to the group treated with temozolomide (P<0.05). Conclusion: The combination of Prosopis farcta fruit extract and temozolomide had synergistic antitumor potential in GBM cells. This extract could reduce cellular resistance to temozolomide through the downregulation of MGMT expression.

Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Leaves of Vitex trifolia Linn. on Chronic Inflammation and Tuberculosis

Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Leaves of Vitex trifolia Linn. on Chronic Inflammation and Tuberculosis

The Gastroprotective Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Monolluma quadrangula against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Injuries in Sprague Dawley Rats [Retraction

The Gastroprotective Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Monolluma quadrangula against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Injuries in Sprague Dawley Rats [Retraction