Effects Of High-velocity Resistance Training Research Articles

Effects of high-velocity resistance training and creatine supplementation in untrained healthy aging males.

The purpose was to investigate the effects of high-velocity resistance training (HVRT) and creatine supplementation in untrained healthy aging males. Participants were randomized to supplement with creatine (0.1 g·kg-1·day-1 of creatine + 0.1 g·kg-1·day-1 of maltodextrin) or placebo (0.2 g·kg-1·day-1 of maltodextrin) during 8 weeks of HVRT. Prior to and following HVRT and supplementation, assessments were made for muscle strength, muscle thickness, peak torque, and physical performance. There was a significant increase over time for all measures of muscle strength (p < 0.001), muscle thickness (p < 0.001), and some measures of peak torque (knee flexion; 1.05 and 3.14 rad/s; p < 0.001) and physical performance (balance board time-to-completion; p = 0.017). There was a group × time interaction for leg press strength (p = 0.044) and total lower-body strength (leg press, knee flexion, knee extension combined; p = 0.039). The creatine group experienced greater gains in leg press and total lower-body strength compared with the placebo group, with no other differences. HVRT increases muscle strength, muscle thickness, and some measures of peak torque and physical performance in untrained healthy aging males. The addition of creatine supplementation to HVRT further augments the gains in leg press and total lower-body strength. Novelty High-velocity resistance training increases muscle mass and performance. Creatine supplementation increases lower-body muscle strength. High-velocity resistance training and creatine supplementation are safe interventions for aging adults.

Correction: Effects of high-velocity resistance training and creatine supplementation in untrained healthy aging males.

The purpose was to investigate the effects of high-velocity resistance training (HVRT) and creatine supplementation in untrained healthy aging males. Participants were randomized to supplement with...

Effects of High-Velocity Resistance Training on Athletic Performance in Prepuberal Male Soccer Athletes.

Negra, Y, Chaabene, H, Hammami, M, Hachana, Y, and Granacher, U. Effects of high-velocity resistance training on athletic performance in prepuberal male soccer athletes. J Strength Cond Res 30(12): 3290-3297, 2016-The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a 12-week in-season low-to-moderate load high-velocity resistance training (HVRT) in addition to soccer training as compared with soccer training only on proxies of athletic performance in prepubertal soccer players. Twenty-four male soccer players performed 2 different protocols: (a) regular soccer training with 5 sessions per week (n = 11; age = 12.7 ± 0.3 years) and (b) regular soccer training with 3 sessions per week and HVRT with 2 sessions per week (n = 13; age = 12.8 ± 0.2 years). The outcome measures included tests for the assessment of muscle strength (e.g., 1 repetition maximum [1RM] half-squat tests), jump ability (e.g., countermovement jump, squat jump [SJ], standing long jump [SLJ], and multiple 5-bound tests [MB5s]), linear speed (e.g., 5-, 10-, 20-, and 30-m sprint tests), and change of direction (e.g., T-test and Illinois change of direction test). Results revealed significant group × test interactions for the SJ test (p ≤ 0.05, d = 0.59) and the SLJ test (p < 0.01, d = 0.83). Post hoc tests illustrated significant pre-post changes in the HVRT group (SJ: [INCREMENT]22%, p < 0.001, d = 1.26; SLJ: [INCREMENT]15%, p < 0.001, d = 1.30) but not in the control group. In addition, tendencies toward significant interaction effects were found for the 1RM half-squat (p = 0.08, d = 0.54) and the 10-m sprint test (p = 0.06, d = 0.57). Significant pre-post changes were found for both parameters in the HVRT group only (1RM: [INCREMENT]25%, p < 0.001, d = 1.23; 10-m sprint: [INCREMENT]7%, p < 0.0001, d = 1.47). In summary, in-season low-to-moderate load HVRT conducted in combination with regular soccer training is a safe and feasible intervention that has positive effects on maximal strength, vertical and horizontal jump and sprint performance as compared with soccer training only.

Effects Of High-velocity Resistance Training On Lean-tissue Mass And Myostatin Among Community-dwelling Older Adults

Among older adults, mobility disability is prominent, affecting 20% of community-dwelling adults over 70 years. This number is expected to rise over the next 35 years as the number of older adults is expected to more than double in size. Factors affecting mobility disability include muscular strength, muscular power, and lean-tissue mass, which all decrease throughout the lifespan. In addition, myostatin, a potent inhibitor of muscle growth, is inversely correlated with reductions in mobility disability variables. However, exercise is the only known treatment for mobility disability and works by improving muscular strength, power, and lean tissue mass, in addition to decreasing myostatin expression. Yet, the optimal exercise intervention has yet to be determined for this age group. PURPOSE: Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine serum myostatin, muscular strength, muscular power, and lean-tissue mass changes following a 20-week, high-velocity resistance training (HVRT) intervention among community-dwelling older adults. METHODS: Forty-three older adults (77.2 + 6.2 years) were randomly assigned to high-velocity exercise at 70% of their one repetition maximum (1-RM) or a control group. The control group participated in the same exercises; however, only used their body weight as resistance. All participants exercised two days per week. RESULTS: There were no significant group by time interactions for any variable at baseline or after 20-weeks of HVRT. There was a trend for significant interaction in total muscular strength (p = .056); the HVRT group increased strength by 28.4% and the control group by 18.2%. HVRT significantly increased muscular power (23.2%, p = <.001) in both groups; however, there was no statistically significant increase in lean-tissue mass (+1.2%, p = .21) for either group. Serum myostatin had a statistically insignificant reduction after the intervention (-9.0%, p = .08). CONCLUSIONS: HVRT, with or without an external load, is beneficial for increasing muscular strength and power, and decreasing serum myostatin among older adults. Therefore, HVRT presents as an optimal training modality for minimizing mobility disability with age; however, the intensity of the activity should be studied further.

Effects of High-Velocity Resistance Training on Balance Outcomes in Older Adults

Effects of High-Velocity Resistance Training on Balance Outcomes in Older Adults

Effects of high-velocity resistance training on muscle function, muscle properties, and physical performance in individuals with hip osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial

Objective: To investigate the effects of high-velocity resistance training on muscle function, muscle properties, and physical performance in patients with hip osteoarthritis by comparison with those of low-velocity resistance training. Design: Single-blind randomized controlled trial. Setting: Home-based exercise programmes. Subjects: A total of 46 women with hip osteoarthritis were randomly assigned to the high-velocity (n = 23) or low-velocity (n = 23) training group. Interventions: Both groups underwent an eight-week daily home-based resistance training programme using an elastic band. Exercises involved hip abduction, extension, and flexion and knee extension. Participants in the high-velocity group performed the concentric phase of each repetition as rapidly as possible and returned to the initial position eccentrically in 3 s. Participants in the low-velocity group performed both the concentric and eccentric phases in 3 s. Main measures: The following outcome measures were evaluated: isometric muscle strength, muscle power, muscle thickness, muscle echo intensity, maximum walking speed, Timed Up and Go test, 3-minute walking test, Harris Hip Score, and hip pain. Results: Decreases in the time for performing the Timed Up and Go test (mean changes: high-velocity group −0.46 s, low-velocity group −0.23 s) and echo intensity of the gluteus maximus (mean changes: high-velocity group −6.8, low-velocity group −1.0) were significantly greater in the high-velocity group than in the low-velocity group. No significant difference was observed in changes of other outcome measures between the groups. Conclusion: This study revealed that high-velocity training for patients with hip osteoarthritis has partially a greater effect on muscle properties and physical performance than low-velocity training.