Effects Of Handgrip Training Research Articles

Effects of hand grip exercise on shoulder joint internal rotation and external rotation peak torque.

The goal of this study is to analyze the effects of hand grip training on shoulder joint internal rotation (IR)/external rotation (ER) peak torque for healthy people. The research was conducted on 23 healthy adults in their 20 s-30 s who volunteered to participate in the experiment. Hand grip power test was performed on both hands of the research subjects before/after the test to study changes in hand grip power. Isokinetic machine was used to measure the concentric IRPT (internal rotation peak torque) and concentric ERPT (external rotation peak torque) at the velocity of 60°/sec, 90°/sec, and 180°/sec before/after the test. Hand grip training was performed daily on the subject's right hand only for four weeks according to exercise program. Finally, hand grip power of both hands and the maximum torque values of shoulder joint IR/ER were measured before/after the test and analyzed. There was a statistically significant difference in the hand grip power of the right hand, which was subject to hand grip training, after the experiment. Also, statistically significant difference for shoulder ERPT was found at 60°/sec. Hand grip training has a positive effect on shoulder joint IRPT/ERPT and therefore can help strengthen muscles around the shoulder without using weight on the shoulder. Consequently, hand grip training would help maintain strengthen the muscles around the shoulder in the early phase of rehabilitation process after shoulder surgery.

Effects of Handgrip Training with Venous Restriction on Brachial Artery Vasodilation

Previous studies have shown that resistance training with restricted venous blood flow (Kaatsu) results in significant strength gains and muscle hypertrophy. However, few studies have examined the concurrent vascular responses following restrictive venous blood flow training protocols. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of 4 wk of handgrip exercise training, with and without venous restriction, on handgrip strength and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (BAFMD). Twelve participants (mean +/- SD: age = 22 +/- 1 yr, men = 5, women = 7) completed 4 wk of bilateral handgrip exercise training (duration = 20 min, intensity = 60% of the maximum voluntary contraction, cadence = 15 grips per minute, frequency = three sessions per week). During each session, venous blood flow was restricted in one arm (experimental (EXP) arm) using a pneumatic cuff placed 4 cm proximal to the antecubital fossa and inflated to 80 mm Hg for the duration of each exercise session. The EXP and the control (CON) arms were randomly selected. Handgrip strength was measured using a hydraulic hand dynamometer. Brachial diameters and blood velocity profiles were assessed, using Doppler ultrasonography, before and after 5 min of forearm occlusion (200 mm Hg) before and at the end of the 4-wk exercise. After exercise training, handgrip strength increased 8.32% (P = 0.05) in the CON arm and 16.17% (P = 0.05) in the EXP arm. BAFMD increased 24.19% (P = 0.0001) in the CON arm and decreased 30.36% (P = 0.0001) in the EXP arm. The data indicate handgrip training combined with venous restriction results in superior strength gains but reduced BAFMD compared with the nonrestricted arm.

Effects of Handgrip Training with Partial Vascular Occlusion on Brachial Artery Vasodilation

Effects of Handgrip Training with Partial Vascular Occlusion on Brachial Artery Vasodilation

Effects of Handgrip Training and Intermittent Compression of Upper Arm Veins on Forearm Vessels in Patients With End‐stage Renal Failure

The purpose of our study was to assess the influence of handgrip training and intermittent compression of the upper arm veins on forearm arteries and veins. Eighteen chronic hemodialysis patients performed daily handgrip training for 8 weeks using a rubber ring, together with daily intermittent compression of the upper arm veins by elastic band. The forearm circumference, maximal handgrip strength, and arterial and vein parameters, including endothelium-dependent vasodilatation, were measured at the beginning, and after 4 and 8 weeks (using ultrasound scanning). The maximal handgrip strength and forearm circumference increased significantly. The radial artery diameters were significantly higher after 8 weeks of training (1.89 mm +/- 0.10 at the beginning, 1.95 +/- 0.10 mm after 8 weeks, P = 0.007), and endothelium-dependent vasodilatation was also found to be increased after 4 and 8 weeks of both activities. The venous parameters before tourniquet placement increased significantly after 8 weeks (2.40 +/- 0.16 mm at the beginning, 2.62 +/- 0.17 mm after 8 weeks, P = 0.014), and the venous parameters after tourniquet placement increased significantly after 4 and 8 weeks (3.36 +/- 0.17 mm at the beginning, 3.51 +/- 0.18 mm after 4 weeks, P = 0.009), 3.68 +/- 0.18 mm after 8 weeks, P < 0.001). The distensibility of veins was preserved. Our results showed that handgrip training and intermittent compression of the upper arm veins, performed daily, increase the diameter of forearm arteries and veins and improve endothelium-dependent vasodilatation.