Effects Of Goal Conflict Research Articles

The Effects of Goal Conflict in Consumer Sequential Choices

The Effects of Goal Conflict in Consumer Sequential Choices

Managing Goal Commitment in Public Organizations: The Effects of Goal Conflict

ABSTRACTPublic personnel policies increasingly adapt performance management systems that focus on goal attainment, and this makes goal commitment a critical issue in contemporary public administration research. Few studies have however empirically investigated the relationship between goal conflicts and goal commitment. This study examines the interplay between public managers’ goal prioritization, goal conflict and employees’ goal commitment. Multilevel data from 73 principals and 1464 teachers in secondary education show that goal conflict has a negative effect on the relationship between goal prioritization and goal commitment. The study thus adds to our knowledge about the conditions for influencing public employees’ goal commitment.

The Consequences of Conflict: An Evaluation of Racial Disparity and Organizational Performance

The study of public administration is based primarily on two schools of thought; some theorists espousing political control with others supporting the inner check. Heretofore, studies have failed to examine the effects of goal conflict on relationships between political principals and bureaucratic agents. Using Texas school districts, this analysis demonstrates that goal conflict has significant effects on student performance. Goal conflict also influences relationships among school boards, teachers, and school district populations. Overall, this study advances the discipline in that it determines the ramifications of goal conflict for political principals, bureaucracies, and the public being served utilizing the most common form of bureaucracy, school districts. The arguments and implications embedded in this analysis speak to the age-old public administration question of how to reconcile bureaucracy with democracy.

Fear and anxiety while driving: Differential impact of task demands, speed and motivation

In many motivational models of driving behaviour, threat-related feelings and arousal play a key role in inducing drivers to opt for lower driving speeds. The present paper proposes that these emotional symptoms can be ascribed to different underlying processes, namely fear and anxiety. Fear arises if the current task demands exceed the driver's perceived capabilities, whereas anxiety increases with the strength of the driver's goal conflict between safety and velocity. Therefore, it is predicted that choosing a lower driving speed compensates for an increase in fear but does not decrease anxiety. A driving simulator study confirmed this prediction. Both an increase in task demands due to lower visibility of the road and an increase in goal conflict due to higher motivational incentives for fast and safe driving led participants to choose a lower speed during self-paced driving. Higher task demands increased self-reported anxiety and physiological arousal in runs with prescribed velocities. However, during self-paced runs in which participants adapted their speed to the viewing condition, symptoms of a threat-related emotion only occurred if the goal conflict increased. Effects of prescribed velocities suggest that lower driving speeds annihilated the emotional effects of task demands but not the effects of goal conflict. The amplitude of electrodermal responses to a deer on the road indicated that this difference also applies to drivers' immediate responses to an acute danger. It is concluded that cautious driving behaviour can be guided either by fear or anxiety. Understanding the difference between these emotional processes might help to develop road safety measures that are particularly adapted to specific requirements.