Effects Of Ethyl Methane Sulphonate Research Articles

Mutagenic Effects of Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (EMS) on Quantitative Traits in M1 Generation and the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Different Doses in Garden Pea (Pisum sativum L.)

Background: The investigation on “Mutation induction in garden pea (Pisum sativum L.)’’ was carried out to study the mutagenic effects of ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) on quantitative traits in M1 generation and determine the effectiveness and efficiency of different doses of EMS. Methods: The two varieties of garden peas, Kashi Nandini and Kashi Uday, were subjected to mutagenic treatments with the EMS at 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.30 and 0.40%. The M1 generation was raised in RBD with two replications during Rabi 2019-20. Plants from three concentrations, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20% EMS, were evaluated in M1 plant progenies (M2) during Rabi 2020-21. Result: Two varieties of garden pea exposed to EMS showed varied responses to different concentrations. The inhibitory effects were apparent in germination, survival and pollen sterility in both varieties. The mean performances in the M1 generation showed differential responses to different concentrations of EMS. Mutagenic effectiveness decreased with increased EMS concentrations. Mutagenic efficiency based on pollen sterility decreased and based on lethality increased with increased EMS concentrations. In subsequent generations of mutagenized populations, the plants with altered phenotypes might produce mutants with higher yields.

Emergence of micronuclei as polymorphism induced genomic instability in Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.).

Micronuclei (MN) are extra-nuclear bodies containing damaged chromosomal fragments as well as complete chromosomes that are not otherwise incorporated into the nucleus after cell division. The present experiment was conducted to assess mutagenic effects of ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) on the meiotic behavior of pollen mother cells of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.). Cytological analysis revealed that micronuclei were incited at all the three concentrations of EMS. A peculiar correlation of chromosomal abnormalities, mainly bridge and laggard at anaphase I and II with this nuclear polymorphism were experienced for genomic instability. Pollen viability was additionally inspected through pollen fertility. Thus, the MN formations bring about incomplete elimination of the genome, which can be proficiently use as the light of hope inbreeding programmers to produce addition and substitution lines.

Effects of Ethyl Methane Sulphonate on the stomata of Urginea indica Kunth CytotypeII as observed in M1 and M2 Generations

Effects of Ethyl Methane Sulphonate on the stomata of Urginea indica Kunth CytotypeII as observed in M1 and M2 Generations

Mutagenic effects of Ethyl Methane Sulphonate on the pollen grains of Urginea indica Kunth cytotype I

Mutagenic effects of Ethyl Methane Sulphonate on the pollen grains of Urginea indica Kunth cytotype I

Efficient gene replacements in ku70 disruption strain of Aspergillus chevalieri var. intermedius

ABSTRACTAspergillus chevalieri var. intermedius is a dominant filamentous fungal species in Fuzhuan tea and is associated with the quality and health benefits of this tea. The sexual or asexual reproduction of this fungus depends on the osmotic pressure of the tea. Efforts to enhance the beneficial effects of A. chevalieri var. intermedius are hampered by difficulties in disrupting its genes. To address this issue, we identified the A. chevalieri var. intermedius homolog (Acku70) of human Ku70 and generated an Acku70 disruption strain (ΔAcku70), aiming to improve the gene replacement efficiency. ΔAcku70 grew at a slightly lower rate in vitro than the wild-type strain; however, the two strains exhibited similar sensitivity to temperature, osmotic pressure and the effects of ethyl methane sulphonate and H2O2. The replacement efficiency of veA and flbA dramatically increased in ΔAcku70 compared to that in the wild type. The efficiency of flbA replacement increased from 2.6% to 80%, whereas the frequency of veA disruption increased from 15.2% to 83.9% and from 30.8% to 86.8%. Thus, ΔAcku70 is suitable for use as a type strain for large-scale functional genomic analysis of A. chevalieri var. intermedius.

Influence of postwash time on the mutagenic effects of ethylmethanesulphonate (EMS) in barley seeds

Barley seeds were presoaked in water for 17 hours and given a treatment with ethylmethanesulphonate (EMS). After treatment the seed samples were washed in running tap water for 4 and 20 hours. Chlorophyll mutations were analysed in the M2 generation and a higher mutation frequency was found in the seeds that had been given a short postwash than in those given a long postwash. Chromosome aberrations were analysed in the first mitotic cycle in the embryo shoot tip. The frequencies of acentric fragments in anaphase cells were not influenced by the duration of postwash. When seeds were redried and stored for 7 days before germination a considerable storage effect was found. The frequency of chromosome aberrations was doubled and the chlorophyll mutation frequency increased several times.

Efficacy of vitamin-C ( l-ascorbic acid) in reducing genotoxicity in fish ( Oreochromis mossambicus) induced by ethyl methane sulphonate

The genotoxic effects of ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) have been assessed in a fish, Oreochromis mossambicus with endpoints including chromosome aberrations, abnormal red blood cell nuclei, abnormal sperm morphology, and protein content (both qualitative and quantitative) of selected tissues, namely, muscle, heart, eye, brain, gill, liver, spleen and kidney. EMS caused chromosomal aberrations, nuclear anomalies in red blood cells, abnormal sperm morphology, and alteration of protein synthesis in various tissues. Some of the EMS toxicity appeared to be modulated and ameliorated in this fish by vitamin-C treatment.

Influence of thiol-inhibiting substances on the cytogenetic effects of ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) on mice treated in vitro

Influence of thiol-inhibiting substances on the cytogenetic effects of ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) on mice treated in vitro

Influence of thiol-inhibiting substances on the effects of ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) on chromosomes.

Des semences d'orge et des graines de feverolle ont ete traitees par des solutions de sublime corrosif et d'un arsenoxyde avant traitement par du methane sulfonate d'ethyl. Chacun des ions accroit considerablement les effets de l'EMS sur les chromosomes d'une maniere dependant du pH, de la concentration en ions et de la concentration en EMS.