Effect Of Dietary Probiotic Supplementation Research Articles

Effects of dietary Lactobacillus helveticus ATC 15009 on growth performance, hematology parameters, innate immune responses, and the antioxidant status of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under high rearing density

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary probiotic supplementation of Lactobacillus helveticus on growth, digestive enzymes, and hematological, biochemical, immune, and antioxidant parameters, as well as intestinal microbiota of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish (35.46±0.9 g) were fed with different levels of dietary L. helveticus: control, 1 × 106, 1 × 107, 1 × 108, and 1 × 109 at high stocking density (80 kg m−3) for 60 days. Results indicated that growth performance significantly improved in probiotic supplemented fish (P<0.05). Digestive enzyme parameters revealed that supplementation could significantly increase amylase, protease, and lipase (P<0.05). The treated groups showed significant improvements in serum immune parameters including lysozyme (LYZ), alternative complement (ACH50), respiratory burst activity (RBA), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) (P<0.05). Total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), and globulin (GLO) increased in fish fed experimental diets (P<0.05). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was significantly lower in fish fed dietary additives (P<0.05) while white blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes, neutrophils, hematocrit (Hct), red blood cells (RBC) were significantly enhanced (P<0.05). Fish fed with supplemented diets showed significantly enhanced antioxidant status, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Malondialdehyde (MDA) content was significantly lower in fish fed dietary additives (P<0.05). Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the treatment groups were significantly increased (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of L. helveticus reduced detrimental effects of high stocking density on growth performance and immune response. It appears that L. helveticus can be recommended as a beneficial probiotic feed additive for rainbow trout.

Dietary supplementation of multi-strain probiotic in male rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) broodstock: Effects on feed efficiency, hemato-biochemical parameters, immune response, and semen quality

The present study aimed to determine the effects of dietary probiotic supplementation on feed efficiency, physiological parameters, and semen quality of male rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) broodstock. For this purpose, a total of 48 breeders with an average initial weight of 1366.1 ± 33.8g were divided into 4 groups and 3 replicates. Fish were fed with diets containing 0 (control), 1 × 109 (P1), 2 × 109 (P2), and 4 × 109 (P3) CFU multi-strain probiotic kg-1 diet for 8weeks. According to the results, P2 treatment significantly enhanced body weight increase, specific growth rate, and protein efficiency ratio and decreased feed conversion ratio. Moreover, the highest values of red blood cells count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit values were observed in P2 treatment (P < 0.05). The lowest levels of glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride were found in P1, P2, and P3 treatments, respectively. Also, the highest levels of total protein and albumin were obtained in P2 and P1 treatments (P < 0.05). Based on the results, plasma enzymes contents were significantly decreased in P2 and P3 treatments. In terms of immune parameters, the complement component 3, complement component 4, and immunoglobulin M levels were increased in all probiotic-fed treatments (P < 0.05). For spermatological features, the highest spermatocrit value, sperm concentration, and motility time were observed in the P2 treatment (P < 0.05). Consequently, we conclude that multi-strain probiotics can be used as functional feed additives in male rainbow trout broodstock to enhance semen quality, improve physiological responses, and better feed efficiency.

Alleviation of Catching and Crating Stress by Dietary Supplementation of Bacillus subtilis in Pekin Ducks.

Catching and crating may elicit stress and fear reactions in poultry because the procedures involve human contact and exposure to a novel environment. This study determined the effects of dietary probiotic supplementation on physiological stress, underlying fear, and growth performance of Pekin ducks subjected to catching and 4 h of crating. The study used a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement; the main factors were diet (basal or basal + probiotic) and crating durations (0 or 4 h). From 1 to 21 days of age (doa), birds were fed a basal or basal + probiotic (CLOSTAT® (Bacillus subtilis) (Kemin Industries, Inc., Des Moines, IA, USA), 1 g/kg) diet. At 21 doa, an equal number of ducklings from each dietary group were caught and crated for 4 h or left undisturbed in the home pens. Birds were examined for serum corticosterone (CORT), heat shock protein (HSP) 70, creatine kinase (CK), triglyceride (TG), glucose (GLU), cholesterol (CHOL), and lactate (LAC) concentrations, heterophil to lymphocyte ratios (HLR), tonic immobility (TI) duration, open-field (OF) test, body weight (BW), and feed conversion ratios (FCR). Diet had no significant (p &gt; 0.05) effect on CORT among the non-crated ducks. However, after catching and crating, birds fed the control diet had significantly (p &lt; 0.05) higher CORT than their probiotic-supplemented counterparts. Catching and crating significantly (p &lt; 0.05) elevated HSP70, HLR, GLU, and CHOL but reduced TG in ducks. Birds fed the probiotic-supplemented diet showed significantly (p &lt; 0.05) lower HSP70, HLR, TG, and CK than those fed the control diet. Probiotic-supplemented ducks showed reduced fear-related behaviours, including TI durations, ambulation latency, and body shaking. Diet had a negligible effect on body weights and FCR of ducks at 21 doa. In brief, catching and crating for 4 h augmented Pekin ducks' physiological stress and fear reactions, and supplementing birds with probiotics was beneficial in ameliorating these detrimental effects.

Effects of Dietary Probiotic Supplementation on Egg Quality during Storage

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether probiotic supplementation to laying hens can improve the quality of eggs during storage. The trial was developed in a commercial farm, in which light-weight laying hens (36 weeks old) housed in cages were randomly selected for one of two different treatments: a control group fed non-supplemented diets, or birds fed with diets supplemented with 50 g/ton of probiotics. The trial lasted for 84 days, comprising three productive phases of 28 days each. The fresh egg quality was evaluated and then the eggs were stored and randomly separated for quality assessment at each storage interval (7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days). Means were compared using variance analysis considering differences at 5 and 10%. The probiotic was able to improve albumen weight, yolk length, yolk height, and yolk index (p &lt; 0.05) during storage. Yolk color (fan) was also improved by 3.9% (p &lt; 0.001), while increases of 1.35% (p &lt; 0.001) in luminosity, 8.05% (p &lt; 0.001) in red intensity, and 3.4% (p &lt; 0.001) in yellow intensity were observed in comparison to the control group. Probiotic treatment was able to reduce by 2.03% (p &lt; 0.001) yolk pH, and by 19.65% (p &lt; 0.05) TBARS levels when compared to the control treatment. Therefore, the addition of probiotics to laying hen diets is an effective strategy to improve egg quality during storage.

Effect of dietary probiotic supplementation on growth, survival, coloration and stress resistance in guppy (&lt;em&gt;Poecilia reticulata&lt;/em&gt; Peters, 1859)

Tropical Agricultural Research and Extension is a peer-reviewed international scientific journal covering a wide range of subject areas in tropical and subtropical agriculture published quarterly by the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka. The journal is also available on the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhuna website https://www.agri.ruh.ac.lk/tare/index.htm .

Effects of dietary probiotic supplementation on growth, rumen development and selected blood metabolites of growing calves

Objective: The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of probiotic in diets of growing calves on performance, blood metabolites and rumen metabolism parameters. Design: Descriptive study. Animals: Twelve Holstein calves (~151 kg) were divided randomly into three groups of four animals and were reared in clean well-ventilated boxes for 3 months. Procedure: In the treatment groups, probiotic (ANKOR ONE)® contained Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus oryzae and Kluyveromyces marxianus was supplemented with concentrate mixture at the rate of 0.5 g/kg and 1 g/kg feed. All the calves were offered diet contained roughage and concentrate separately. Results: The average daily gain of the calves in the control group had significantly lower value (54 kg) as compared to those in the supplemented groups. Furthermore, calves fed unsupplemented diet had significantly the highest fecal score (3 = runny) compared to those fed supplemented diet with probiotic. Supplementation of probiotics in diets of calves did not show any significant differences in the blood glucose, total protein and albumin contents in comparison to those fed unsupplemented diet. Addition of probiotics led to significant higher concentrations of β-hydroxybutyrate and total volatile fatty acids of ruminal fluid in comparison to unsupplemented group. No significant effects for ammonia-N content of ruminal fluid were noted by feeding probiotic-supplemented diet compared to unsupplemented group. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Probiotic supplementation in diets of calves generally improved average daily gain, reduced the incidence of diarrhea and did not adversely affect the levels of blood metabolites indices.

Effect of Dietary Probiotic Supplementation on Performance, Gut Microflora, and Hematology of Local Quails

This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of probiotic supplementation on growth performance, gut microbiota, and hematology of local quails. Ninety-one-week-old quails were randomly distributed into three dietary treatments with three replicate per each for 42 days. The dietary treatments were: Treatment 1 which was control (no additive), standard diet added with Lactobacillus animalis bacteria 1 g/kg 1.35 × 109 colony forming units (CFU)/kg (PRO1) and commercial multi-strain probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus 2.75 × 1010 CFU, Streptococcus faecium 8.25 × 1010 CFU, and Bacillus subtilis 1.1 × 1010 CFU) (PRO2). Results showed that PRO1, isolated from chicken caeca, had probiotic properties to improve growth performance of local quail compared to the control group. In cecum digesta, addition of both types of probiotics significantly increased the number of Lactobacillus spp. and reduced the number of coliform bacteria at the end of the experiment. Furthermore, supplementation of both types of probiotics significantly increased the number of lymphocyte and reduced H/L ratio compared to the control group at the end of the experiment. While, no significant differences were observed between both types of probiotic. This research has established that L. animalis, which isolated in cecum of chicken origin, had the same data recorded when compared to commercial multi-strain bacteria probiotic by improved growth performance, gut microbiota, and hematology parameters and could be a convenient probiotic additive in dietary local quail.

The Effect of Dietary Probiotic Supplementation on Egg Weight in Laying Hens: A Meta–Analysis Study

Bu calismanin amaci, yumurtaci tavuklarda diyet probiyotik takviyesinin yumurta agirligi uzerindeki etkisini meta-analiz kullanarak belirlemektir. Meta analize alinan sekiz calismanin sinirliliklari; SCI-exp endeksinde olmasi, 18-42 haftalik kahverengi ve beyaz yumurtlayan tavuklarin kullanilmasi; probiyotik olarak 10( 7 )-10( 10 ) CFU / g Bacillus subtilis kullanilmasi ve doz olarak 400-1000 g / ton arasinda degismesiydi. Meta-analizinde, surekli veriler icin (deneysel-kontrol) ortalamalar kullanilarak etki buyuklugu hesaplanmistir. Arastirma sonucunda, tum calismalarin tek bir ortak etkiyi paylasmadigi belirlendi. Ayrica, rastgele etki modeli kullanilarak toplam etki buyuklugu 0.223 olarak hesaplandi ve z ve p degerlerine gore calismanin hipotezi kabul edildi (z = 2.90; p <0.05). Baska bir ifadeyle; "yumurtaci tavuklarda diyet probiyotik takviyesinin yumurta agirligi uzerinde onemli bir etkisi vardir".

Effects of dietary probiotic supplementation on the growth, gut health and disease resistance of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

This study investigated the effects of the Streptococcus agalactiae antagonizing probiotics Bacillus cereus NY5 and Bacillus subtilis as feed additives for Nile tilapia in terms of growth performance, intestinal health and resistance to S. agalactiae. A total of 720 apparently healthy juvenile Nile tilapia (0.20 ± 0.05 g) were randomly divided into 4 equal groups with 3 replicates for each group. Fish were fed a basal diet (control check group, CK group) supplemented with B. subtilis (1 × 108 CFU/g feed, BS group), B. cereus NY5 (1 × 108 CFU/g feed, BC group), and B. subtilis + B. cereus NY5 (0.5 × 108 CFU/g feed of each probiotic, BS + BC group) for 6 wk, and the probiotic supplementation groups were then fed the basal diet for 1 wk to investigate the gut microbial community. The results of this study showed that BS + BC and BC treatments significantly increased weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and S. agalactiae resistance in Nile tilapia (P < 0.05). Gut microvilli length and density and c-type lysozyme (lyzc) gene expression were significantly increased by probiotic supplementation (P < 0.05). The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that the B. cereus NY5 and B. subtilis + B. cereus NY5-supplemented feed resulted in a significant improvement in tilapia autochthonous gut bacterial communities and had a stimulation effect on a variety of potential probiotics after 6 wk of feeding. After cessation of probiotic administration for 1 wk, the gut bacteria of the fish in the BS + BC and BC groups had minor changes and maintained a stable state. Consequently, it was inferred that, as a feed supplement, B. cereus NY5 and the mixture of B. subtilis and B. cereus NY5 at 1 × 108 CFU/g feed were able to promote growth and disease resistance, which may be associated with the supplement's effects on gut immune status, intestinal morphology, and intestinal microbial community composition.

1-Deoxynojirimycin from Bacillus subtilis improves antioxidant and antibacterial activities of juvenile Yoshitomi tilapia

Background: Juvenile Yoshitomi tilapia is often infected by pathogens and results in low-level survival rate. Bacillus subtilis , as a probiotic, may have beneficial effects on Y. tilapia with compound 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), which has antibacterial activities. The effects of dietary probiotic supplementation on Y. tilapias were evaluated. Results: Juvenile Y. tilapia was fed with B. subtilis for 56 d. Y. tilapia was infected by Aeromonas hydrophila and survival rate was compared. Dietary B. subtilis increased weight gain rate, specific growth, food conversion ratios and food intake rate of Y. tilapia . The diet improved the cumulative survival rate (CSR) of juvenile Y. tilapia when the concentration of B. subtilis was more than 2.05 × 10 10 cfu/kg and CSR reached a maximum rate when the concentration of bacillus was 4.23 × 10 10 ( P B. subtilis improved total antioxidant capacity (TAC), spleen index, the activities of serum lysozyme, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) ( P B. subtilis reduced serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), malondialdehyde (MDA) and C3 complement ( P A. hydrophila infection, DNJ prevented the reduction in survival rate of Y. tilapia ( P Conclusions: 1-Deoxynojirimycin from Bacillus subtilis can be used to improve the growth performance of juvenile Y. tilapia by affecting its antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Normal 0 false false false ES-CL X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:Tabla normal; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:8.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:107%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language:ES-CL;}

&lt;b&gt;Effect of dietary probiotic supplementation on carcass traits and haematological responses of broiler chickens fed shea butter cake based diets

A 42-day study was conducted to investigate probiotic supplementation on shea butter cake (SBC) based diets of broilers on the carcass traits and haematological indices. A total of 280, 1-day old Arbor acres strain broiler chicks were divided into 7 dietary treatments with 4 replicates of 10 birds each in a completely randomized design. Diet 1 (control diet) has no SBC and probiotic supplementation while remaining 6 diets contained 5, 10, and 15% levels of SBC each with (+) or without (-) probiotic supplementation. The results showed that carcass parameters and prime cuts weights increased (p 0.05) except for liver and bursa weight. Packed cell volume and hemoglobin contents were higher (p < 0.05) in birds fed probiotic-SBC diets than the group without probiotic supplementation compared to those on control diet. In conclusion, supplementation of multi-strain probiotic improved carcass traits, prime cut-parts and relative organ weights without any adverse effect on the blood parameters up to 15% inclusion level.

Influence of probiotic supplementation on immune response in broilers raised under hot climate

ABSTRACT1. The objective of the study was to evaluate the potential effects of dietary probiotic supplementation and stocking density and their interaction on growth performance, humoral and cellular immune responses of broiler chickens raised under hot climate conditions.2. A total of 1800 1-d-old unsexed broiler chicks (Ross 308) were allocated in a completely randomised 3 × 2 factorial design, with three concentrations of dietary probiotic (0, 200 and 400 mg/kg) containing 4 × 109 cfu/g of Bacillus subtilis and two stocking densities (12 or 18 birds/m2) in a total of 6 treatment subgroups.3. Dietary probiotic and stocking density had no significant effect on live body weight, feed consumption and feed conversion ratio.4. Dietary probiotic supplementation had a positive effect on serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) and cell-mediated immunity when compared to the control at 6 weeks of age, whereas serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin Y (IgY) were improved, but not significantly so. Dietary probiotic and stocking density had no effect on relative weights of the bursa of Fabricius and spleen.5. Dietary probiotic supplementation had a positive significant effect on serum IgM concentration and cell-mediated immunity without penalising growth performance in broilers raised under high ambient temperature.

Commercial Bacillus probiotic supplementation of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchys mykiss ) and brown trout ( Salmo trutta ): growth, immune responses and intestinal morphology

Probiotic administration is associated with the enhancement of host resistance to environmental and nutritional stressors, improving survival and growth rates. This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus toyoi on growth performance, innate immune responses and gut morphology of two trout species feeding a commercial diet high in soybean meal. A commercial probiotic (4.2 × 109 CFU g−1 of additive) was supplemented to the experimental diets at 0% (control), 0.03% (P1; 6 × 103 CFU g−1 of diet) or 0.06% (P2; 1.5 × 106 CFU g−1 of diet) and fed to brown trout (Salmo trutta) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) for 9 and 20 weeks respectively. Rainbow trout showed significantly better growth performance than brown trout, regardless of the dietary treatment. No effect of dietary probiotic supplementation was detected on growth performance, body composition or innate immune parameters (plasma lysozyme, alternative complement and peroxidase activities). In both species, after 9 weeks, intestinal lamina propria and submucosa were widened, with increased presence of inflammatory cells, significantly higher in groups fed probiotics. This inflammatory process, with villi and enterocytes noticeably damaged compared with the control group, was more pronounced in brown trout. Under the current trial conditions, the B. subtilis + B. cereus toyoi had no positive impact in either trout species, on the contrary a harmful effect was observed.

Effect of dietary probiotic and high stocking density on the performance, carcass yield, gut microflora, and stress indicators of broilers

A study was carried out to evaluate the effect of dietary probiotic supplementation and stocking density on the performance, relative carcass yield, gut microflora, and stress markers of broilers. One-day-old Ross 308 male broiler chickens (n = 480) were allocated to 4 experimental groups for 42 d. Each treatment had 8 replicates of 15 chicks each. Two groups were subjected to a high stocking density (HSD) of 20 birds/m² and the other 2 groups were kept at low stocking density (LSD) of 10 birds/m². A basal diet supplemented with probiotic 1 and 0.5 g/kg of diet (in starter and finisher diets, respectively) was fed to 2 treatments, one with HSD and the other with LSD, thereby making a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. There was no interaction between stocking density (LSD and HSD) and dietary probiotic (supplemented and unsupplemented) for all the variables. Feed intake and weight gain were significantly low and feed conversion ratio was poor in broilers at HSD. Dietary probiotic significantly enhanced the feed intake and weight gain in starter phase only. Dietary probiotic supplementation had no effect (P > 0.05) on total aerobs, Salmonella sp., and Lactobacilli populations in the intestines of broilers. However, HSD reduced the Lactobacilli population only (P < 0.05). Relative breast yields were significantly higher in broilers reared at LSD than HSD. Thigh meat yield was higher in broilers in HSD group compared to LSD. Dietary probiotic did not affect the relative carcass yield and weight of lymphoid organs. Serum malondialdehyde, corticosterone, nitric oxide, and plasma heterophil:lymphocyte ratio were not affected either by stocking density or dietary probiotic supplementation. In conclusion, HSD negatively affected the performance and intestinal Lactobacilli population of broilers only, whereas probiotic supplementation enhanced the performance of broilers during the starter phase only. Total aerobes, Salmonella, Lactobacilli carcass yield, and stress indicators of broilers were not affected by the dietary supplementation of probiotic under the conditions of the present study.

Dietary probiotic supplementation in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) reared under cage culture production: effects on growth, fish welfare, flesh quality and intestinal microbiota

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary probiotic supplementation on growth performance, fish welfare, sensory evaluation, freshness during ice storage and changes in intestinal microbiota of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The 9-week feeding trial was conducted in cages under commercial conditions during the winter season, when water temperature decreased from 14°C to 7°C. Fish were fed either a diet without probiotic supplementation (control) or with 0.2% (2 × 109 CFU kg−1 diet) of multi-strain probiotic bacteria (Bacillus sp., Pediococcus sp., Enterococcus sp., Lactobacillus sp.). Fish weight was recorded at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 9 weeks. Growth performance was not affected by dietary probiotic supplementation. Alternative complement activity (ACH50) was significantly higher in fish fed the diet with probiotic (58.4 ± 3.7 units mL−1) than in the control group (46.9 ± 3.1 units mL−1) (P = 0.03). Several biochemical markers were altered by the dietary treatment. 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) (P < 0.01), glutathione S-transferase (GST) (P < 0.001), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (P < 0.05) increased and lipid peroxidation (LP) (P < 0.01) decreased with dietary probiotic supplementation. Flesh quality and shelf-life of fish stored on ice was not affected by dietary probiotic supplementation. Probiotic supplementation had a limited effect on the intestinal microbiota. Signal strength of the observed operational taxonomic units (OTUs) differed between the control and treatment samples and could indicate variations in the abundance of certain OTUs. Microbiota adhering to the intestinal mucus varied between sampling points, indicating that changes were associated with water temperature.

Effects of dietary probiotic supplementation on LXRα and CYP7α1 gene expression, liver enzyme activities and fat metabolism in ducks

1. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary probiotic supplementation on liver X receptor alpha (LXRα) and cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7α1) mRNA levels, protein enzymatic activities and fat metabolism in Cherry Valley Pekin ducks.2. A total of 750 one-day-old Cherry Valley Pekin ducks were randomly divided into 5 groups with three replicates of 50 ducks each in a completely randomised experiment. Each group was fed on a basal diet supplemented with 0, 500, 1000, 1500 or 2000 mg probiotics/kg.3. Body rate and feed conversion ratio were highest and abdominal subcutaneous fat % was lowest at 1000 mg probiotic/kg.4. The mRNA levels of LXRα and CYP7α1 in liver tissue was estimated by RT-PCR; serum triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) concentrations were measured by ELISA.5. The expression levels and enzyme activity of LXRα and CYP7α1 increased in conjunction with decreases in TG and TC concentrations following probiotic supplementation to a maximum at 1000 mg probiotics/kg and decreased thereafter.6. It is concluded that dietary probiotics can enhance LXRα and CYP7α1 enzyme activities in the liver and reduce lipid concentrations and fat deposition in ducks.

Effect of dietary probiotic supplement on growth and survival of Indian major carp seeds

Two feeding trials were conducted in triplicates for each treatment for a period of 90 days to delineate the effect of dietary probiotic (Problend) supplementation on growth and survival of Labeo rohita and Catla catla fry. Four isonitrogenous (Crude protein: 29.43±0.6%) diets were prepared utilizing the locally available ingredients to which Problend was added at the rate of 0.5 per cent (T 1 ); 1.0 per cent (T 2 ) and 1.50 per cent (T 3 ). Diet without Problend incorporation served as control (T 0 ). The growth in terms of weight gain (% weight gain) and increment in length was found to be highest in the treatment (T 2 ) followed by the treatments (T 3 and T 1 ), respectively as compared to that of control for both the species of fish. The specific growth rate, food conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio were observed to be highest in case of the treatment (T 2 ) followed by the treatment (T 3 ) for both the species of fish under study. The highest overall survival percentage was observed in the treatments (T 2 and T 3 ) as compared to treatment (T 1 ) and control (T 0 ). The results thus obtained in the present investigation indicate that incorporation of Problend at the rate of 1 per cent to the basal diet enhances the growth and survival of L. rohita and C. catla fry.

Immune responses and gut morphology of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis, Kaup 1858) fed monospecies and multispecies probiotics

The current study aimed to determine the effects of dietary probiotic supplementation on growth, gut morphology and non-specific immune parameters in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) juveniles during a 1-month trial. Fish were fed for 1-month two diets with 1.0 or 4.6 × 106 CFU kg−1) of probiotic A (Bacillus sp., Pediococcus sp., Enterococcus sp. and Lactobacillus sp.) and two diets with 3.5 or 8.6 × 105 CFU kg−1 of probiotic B (Pediococcus acidilactici) and tested against an unsupplemented diet (control). Growth performance, as well as respiratory burst activity, nitric oxide (NO), alternative complement pathway (ACH50), lysozyme and peroxidase activities, was not affected by the dietary treatments. Probiotic supplementation tended to increased growth homogeneity between tanks having diet A1 the best possible alternative to decrease costs associated to size grading. Villous length and number of goblet cells of the anterior intestine did not vary among treatments. Muscle duodenal layer was significantly thicker in fish fed probiotic A compared to probiotic B, when included at the lowest level (A2 versus B2). The current study indicate that the use of the multispecies probiotic at 1.0 × 106 CFU kg−1 might enhance protection against pathogen outbreak and increase nutrient absorption, whereas at the highest concentration could reduced size dispersion among tanks.

Effect of dietary probiotic supplementation on growth and innate immune system in sole (Solea senegalensis Kaup, 1858) subjected to pathogenic bacteria infection and handling stress

Effect of dietary probiotic supplementation on growth and innate immune system in sole (Solea senegalensis Kaup, 1858) subjected to pathogenic bacteria infection and handling stress

Dietary probiotic supplementation improved gut amylase to trypsin ratio in European seabass reared at different temperatures and survival after handling stress

Event Abstract Back to Event Dietary probiotic supplementation improved gut amylase to trypsin ratio in European seabass reared at different temperatures and survival after handling stress Luís F. Pereira1, 2*, José Gonçalves2, Andreia F. Domingues1, Maria João D. Peixoto1, Sthelio F. Braga3, Kanokwan Sansuwan4, Gonçalo Santos5 and Rodrigo Ozorio1, 2* 1 CIIMAR, Portugal 2 ICBAS - Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Porto., Portugal 3 UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba., Brazil 4 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University., Thailand 5 BIOMIN Holding GmbH, Austria Antibiotics and chemical treatments are often used as disease control strategy. A prophylactic and alternative method to this chemical approach are the probiotics [1]. Probiotics are defined as "live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host" (FAO, 2001). The benefits of probiotic treatments are improvements in host nutritional retention [2], antagonistic properties to bacterial pathogen proliferation [3], modulation of immune responses [4], among others. Temperature plays a major role in dietary nutrient utilization and immune responses in fish, and have a modulatory effect on probiotic activity in intestine. The current study evaluated the use of a dietary probiotic supplementation in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax), one of the most important fish species in Southern Europe. Fish were fed on a multi-species probiotic (Bacillus sp., Pedicoccus sp., Enterococcus sp., Lactobacillus sp. ), reared under 3 different temperatures (17, 20 and 23 ºC) for 70 days. Fish were pair-fed, fixed to the voluntary feed intake of fish reared at 17 º C, in order to have similar probiotic intake among the temperature groups. Final body weight tripled initial weight (12.7 to 30.7g). At the end of the growth trial, all fish were subjected to a handling stress, in which stocking density increased by 6 fold (from 4 kg/m3 to 25 kg/m3), followed by a 15 min chase with a pole. Growth performance was not affected by the dietary treatment. Post-stress cumulative mortality were significantly higher in the 17ºC control group (figure 1A). Digestive enzymes activity were significantly affected by temperature and diet interaction. The activity ratio of amylase to trypsin (figure 1B) increased with temperature and dietary probiotic supplementation, an indication that probiotic treatment at 23oC have a positive influence on the metabolic flexibility of carbohydrate-protein utilization. Non-specific immune response (ACH50 activity) were temperature-sensitive, with no dietary influence. Glutathione, an important antioxidant marker, was significantly affected by temperature and diet interaction. The current study showed a protective effect of dietary probiotic supplementation in seabass, and those changes were temperature sensitive. Figure 1 Acknowledgements This research was partially supported by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the COMPETE - Operational Competitiveness Programme and national funds through FCT – Foundation for Science and Technology, under the project “PEst-C/MAR/LA0015/2013.