Effects Of Chromium Picolinate Supplementation Research Articles

Implementation of Transtheoretical Model Nutrition Education and Chromium Picolinate Supplementation on Improved Dietary Adherence Behavior, Chromium Consumption Pattern and Blood Glucose Level Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Bali is one of the provinces in Indonesia that has a Diabetes Mellitus rate above the national prevalence. According to the results of the 2020 study, 56.9% of DM patients did not understand diet education and did not comply with the diet by 56.9% with abnormal blood glucose levels of 63.9%. The results confirmed that repeated exposure with the right method, especially with The theoretical model is very effective in increasing knowledge and adherence to diet and chromium consumption patterns in DM patients. Chromium is effective in improving blood glucose levels in people with Diabetes Mellitus (Types 1 and 2). Chromium improves glucose metabolism in patients with prediabetic glucose intolerance and all women with gestational diabetes. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of nutrition education using a transtheoretical model and the effect of chromium picolinate supplementation on dietary adherence behavior, chromium consumption patterns, and blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes mellitus. This type of research is quasi-experimental. The research design used was one group pretest-posttest. This design does not use a comparison group (control) but uses the first observation (pretest) which allows testing the changes that occur after the experiment or program (Notoatmodjo, 2010). The study was conducted at the Denpasar Health Center. The results showed that there were differences in the level of knowledge and consumption of chromium and blood glucose levels in DM patients. However, there was no difference in the attitude and level of dietary compliance of DM patients.

A pilot study of the effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on serum fetuin-A, metabolic and inflammatory factors in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

BackgroundEvaluating the impact of chromium picolinate supplementation on glycemic status, lipid profile, inflammatory markers and fetuin-A in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). MethodsIn present research, participants (N = 46) were randomized to (400 mcg/day, n = 23) chromium picolinate and placebo (n = 23) for 3 months. ResultsGlucose indices, and lipid profiles, inflammatory biomarker and fetuin-A were measured before and after the intervention. Chromium reduced triglyceride (TG), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin (IL) -6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and fetuin-A significantly compared to placebo group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, chromium significantly increased the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). There were no significant differences in total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), fasting blood sugar (FBS), Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C), interleukin (IL)-17 between the two groups (p < 0.05). ConclusionChromium picolinate significantly decreased TG, insulin, HOMA-IR, fetuin-A, the number of inflammatory factors, and increased QUICKI without changing FBS, HbA1C, TC, LDL, HDL, IL-17 levels and liver steatosis intensity in patients with NAFLD. Further studies by examining the effect of different doses of chromium and mechanisms of cellular action, would help further clarify the subject.

Effects of Chromium Picolinate Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a serious public health problem accompanies with several complications. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of chromium picolinate (CrPic) supplementation on the glycemic status and lipid profile in patients with T2DM. The patients with T2DM (n = 52) were randomly allocated into 2 groups. One group received 400 µg CrPic per day and the other group took placebo; the intervention duration was 8 weeks. Anthropometric indices and metabolic factors were measured at the beginning, and at end of the study. The patients were recommended not to change their normal diet, life style and medication. No significant changes were observed for weight, body mass index, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) in both groups; while intra-groups changes in homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) value was significant (p < 0.05). Results of analysis of covariance showed that there were significance differences between groups in total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and HOMA-IR at the end of the intervention adjusting for baseline levels (p = 0.035, 0.030 and < 0.001, respectively). In this study, oral supplementation with 400 µg CrPic for eight weeks did not alter FBG concentration as well as anthropometric parameters in individuals with T2DM. However, the modest beneficial effects of chromium supplementation on insulin resistance as indicated by HOMA-IR and lipid profile were found.

Effect of Chromium Picolinate Supplementation Combined With Resistance Training on Liver Enzymes Levels and Insulin Resistance in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Effect of Chromium Picolinate Supplementation Combined With Resistance Training on Liver Enzymes Levels and Insulin Resistance in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Effects of Chromium Picolinate Supplementation on Growth Performance, Small Intestine Morphology and Antioxidant Status in Ducks Under Heat Stress Conditions

Effects of Chromium Picolinate Supplementation on Growth Performance, Small Intestine Morphology and Antioxidant Status in Ducks Under Heat Stress Conditions

Effects of Chromium Picolinate Supplementation on Control of Metabolic Variables: A Systematic Review

Chromium picolinate is widely used as a supplement to improve glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity and lipid profile. Its actions, however, extend beyond these metabolic changes, as it has positive effects in the clinical setting of cardiovascular disease, shows anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and even modulates behavior patterns, such as in depression and anxiety. In view of the numerous possible applications of chromium picolinate, understanding the therapeutic properties of this supplement becomes necessary. Thus, the aim of this review is clarify and identify the applications of chromium picolinate, as well as its effectiveness under several clinical conditions. A systematic review was performed during July and September of 2015 through a search on PubMed, Web of Knowledge and SciElo databases using the keywords ‘chromium picolinate’ and ‘supplementation’. Articles selected were published between 2005 and 2015 and written in English, Portuguese and Spanish. The search resulted in 361 articles (Web of Knowledge: 245, Pubmed: 115, SciElo: 1) and after inclusion and exclusion criteria was applied, 12 articles were selected to analyze by reading the full text. Articles reviewed demonstrate that chromium picolinate has a positive action in glucose control, oxidative stress, lipid profile, protein synthesis, binge eating disorder and cognitive decline, although some studies showed absence of effect. Also, a difference was observed in dosage of the supplementation among different samples and there was a largely variable time of treatment. Chromium picolinate supplementation appears to positively contribute to the improvement of metabolic control and health, and could potentially be used as an auxiliary therapy in several diseases.

Effect of Chromium Picolinate Supplementation on Diabetic Profile and Nutritional Status of the Type-2 Diabetic Adult Population – A Randomized Controlled Trial

The health impacts of Chromium Picolinate (CrP) have been searched by various researchers particularly focused on management of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) with the conflicting results. The objective of the present study was to investigate the role of CrP on management of T2DM. It was a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Two groups of newly diagnosed Type -2 diabetics between the age brackets of 40-65 years were randomly selected from diabetes clinic. One group was exposed to 200 μg of CrP per day and the other was given a capsule of inert material as placebo having no impact on diabetic profile. The intervention duration was 03 months followed by one month as washout period. The outcome variables were biochemistry related to diabetic profile, clinical signs symptoms and toxicity if any. Dietary profile and anthropometrics were used for nutritional assessment. The study revealed that 82.7% of the subjects had family history of diabetes among which 59.6% were close relative. 98.1% were suffering from some kind of stress. Diabetic profile such as FPG, HbA1c and insulin levels improved in terms of normality after three months in treatment group, but did not come to the normal acceptable range e.g. The FPG dropped from142.85±17.71 to 130.42±32.68 mg/dl with a significant P value of 0.003 within the phases. Other health indicators such as lipid profile, blood pressure and clinical signs symptoms also improved and more in treatment group. Dietary counseling showed positive effects on food intake. Renal and hepatic profile showed no signs of toxicity in treatment group. The study concluded that CrP combined with dietary counseling had positive effect on diabetic profile of the newly diagnosed T2DM patients. The clinical signs and symptoms were improved. No hepatic and renal toxicity was observed.

In adults who are overweight or obese, what are the effects of chromium picolinate supplementation?

In adults who are overweight or obese, what are the effects of chromium picolinate supplementation?

&lt;b&gt;Effects of chromium picolinate supplementation in type 2 diabetic patients

The effects of chromium picolinate in Type 2 diabetic patients are investigated. Seventeen Type 2 diabetic patients were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group received fiber-rich hypocaloric diet and chromium picolinate whereas the control group received fiber-rich hypocaloric diet and placebo. The chromium picolinate was offered twice a day at the dose of 100 μg. Anthropometric data such as blood pressure, fasting glycemia and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured and these parameters were evaluated again after 90 days. No difference was reported in rates of body weight, waist, hip, body mass index, blood pressure and fasting glycemia (Control vs. Experimental groups) after treatment. However, a decrease (p = 0.0405) of HbA1c occurred in the experimental group when the pre- and post-treatment rates were compared. HbA1c data showed that chromium picolinate improved the glycemic control in Type 2 diabetes.

Chromium picolinate attenuates hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Chromium picolinate is advocated as an anti-diabetic agent for impaired glycemic control. It is a transition metal that exists in various oxidation states and may thereby act as a pro-oxidant. The present study has been designed to examine the effect of chromium picolinate supplementation on hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress. Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50mg/kg body weight) and chromium was administered orally as chromium picolinate (1mg/kg body weight) daily for a period of four weeks after the induction of diabetes. As is characteristic of diabetic condition, hyperglycemia was associated with an increase in oxidative stress in liver in terms of increased lipid peroxidation and decreased glutathione levels. The activity of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase were significantly reduced in liver of diabetic animals. Levels of α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid were found to be considerably lower in plasma of diabetic rats. Chromium picolinate administration on the other hand was found to have beneficial effect in normalizing glucose levels, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status. The results from the present study demonstrate potential of chromium picolinate to attenuate hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress in experimental diabetes.

Effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on the growth, carcass quality and gene expression of beef during the finishing period

Four groups of 12 young beef, as similar as possible with respect to age and weight, were fed a basic diet. The addition fed to four groups was 0, 200, 600, and 1,200mg of organic chromium (chromium picolinate CrPic) per kg concentrated feed. The results showed that there was no effect on overall growth performance and dressing percentage and pure meat percentage when adding different CrPic content, but significant difference was found between 0 group and other three groups in percentage of high grade cuts (P<0.05). The Cr content in Kidney, Musculus diaphragm, Semitendinosus muscles and Longissimusdorsi tissues have no difference in four groups (P>0.05), but there was significant difference in liver tissues between 0, 200, 600 groups and 1200 group (P<0.05). Gene expression analysis indicated that there were no differences in five genes expression in liver and muscle tissues in four groups (P>0.05), but mRNA expression amount of FOX1, FSTL and MATR3 always had same trends whatever in liver or muscle tissues. However the RPLOP gene expression amount has large difference between liver and muscle.

Effect of Chromium Picolinate Supplementation on Growth Performance and Meat Characteristics of Swine

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplemental chromium (Cr) in the form of chromium picolinate (CrPic) on swine growth performance, meat quality, and protein deposition in skeletal muscle. Forty-eight piglets were divided into three groups randomly, fed with three different dietary levels of Cr (common basal feedstuff supplemented with a dose of 1.61μg/g or 3.22μg/g CrPic, which corresponded to 0.2 and 0.4μg/g Cr). Results indicated that during the growing period (1-35days), pigs fed with the diet supplemented with CrPic showed no improvement in body mass, average daily gain (ADG), feed consumption, or feed conversion rate (FCR) (P > 0.05). During the finishing period, a supplementary dose of 0.2μg Cr/g improved daily weight gain significantly (P < 0.05), while the situation had no significance with 0.4μg Cr/g (P > 0.05) supplemented. For the entire growing-finishing period, body mass increased by 3.86%, ADG rose by 6.08%, and the FCR decreased by 3.30%; levels of total muscular pigment and that in the ribeye areas significantly improved (P < 0.05) when supplementation with 0.2μg Cr/g (P < 0.05) was employed. However, there were no significant changes when supplemented with 0.4μg Cr/g. While there were no changes in yield of carcass, back fat, water holding capacity, or levels of muscular crude protein and fat (P > 0.05) in treatment, the ratio of fat-lean and RNA/DNA increased significantly supplemented with 0.2μg Cr/g (P < 0.05), but there were no significance with 0.4μg Cr/g supplementation. In addition, the muscular levels of cholesterol had slightly decreased and the content of DNA in skeletal muscle showed no marked changes with 0.2 or 0.4μg/g Cr supplementation. In conclusion, the present results suggested that dietary Cr supplementation in the dose of 0.2μg/g could promote the growth performance, carcass characteristics, and protein deposition.

A Pilot Study of Chromium Picolinate for Weight Loss

Chromium is an essential trace element and nutritional supplement that has garnered interest for use as a weight loss aid. This trial assesses the effects of chromium picolinate supplementation, alone and combined with nutritional education, on weight loss in apparently healthy overweight adults. This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 80 otherwise healthy, overweight adults assessed at baseline for central adiposity measured by computerized tomography. Subjects were randomly assigned to daily ingestion of 1000 microg of chromium picolinate or placebo for 24 weeks. All subjects received passive nutritional education at the 12-week point in both the intervention and control groups. Outcomes include weight, height, blood pressure, percent body fat, serum, and urinary biomarkers. At baseline, both the chromium and placebo groups had similar mean body mass index (BMI) (chromium = 36 +/- 6.7 kg/m(2) versus placebo = 36.1 +/- 7.6 kg/m(2); p = 0.98). After 12 weeks, no change was seen in BMI in the intervention as compared to placebo (chromium = 0.3 +/- 0.8 kg/m(2) versus placebo = 0.0 +/- 0.4 kg/m(2); p = 0.07). No change was seen in BMI after 24 weeks in the intervention as compared to placebo (chromium = 0.1 +/- 0.2 kg/m(2) versus placebo = 0.0 +/- 0.5 kg/m(2); p = 0.81). Variation in central adiposity did not affect any outcome measures. Supplementation of 1000 microg of chromium picolinate alone, and in combination with nutritional education, did not affect weight loss in this population of overweight adults. Response to chromium did not vary with central adiposity.

Effects of Chromium Picolinate Supplementation on Growth Hormone Secretion and Pituitary mRNA Expression in Finishing Pigs

: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of chromium picolinate (CrPic) on growth hormone (GH) secretion and pituitary GH mRNA expression in finishing pigs. Forty eight crossbred pigs with an initial body weight of 65.57 kg (SD = 1.05) were blocked by body weight and randomly assigned to two treatments with three replicates. Each group was fed the diet supplemented with or without 200 μg/kg chromium from CrPic for 40 days. The results showed that average daily gain of pigs was increased by 9.84% (p<0.05), and longissimus muscle area was increased by 17.29% (p<0.05) with the supplementation of CrPic. The results of GH dynamic secretion showed that supplemental CrPic increased the mean level and peak value of GH by 36.58% (p<0.05) and 26.60% (p<0.05), respectively, while there was no significant effect on basal value, peak amplitude and peak duration. Pituitary mRNA expression of GH was not significantly influenced by supplemental CrPic. These results indicated that CrPic increased pigs GH secretion without change of pituitary GH mRNA expression.

No Effect of Chromium Picolinate Supplementation on Body Weight/Composition of Women Fed Controlled Diets

No Effect of Chromium Picolinate Supplementation on Body Weight/Composition of Women Fed Controlled Diets

Effect of chromium picolinate supplementation on growth performance, serum biochemicacl parameters, and immune status of broilers

Effect of chromium picolinate supplementation on growth performance, serum biochemicacl parameters, and immune status of broilers

Effect of supplemental levels of chromium picolinate on the growth performance, serum traits, carcass characteristics and lipid metabolism of growing-finishing pigs

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of chromium picolinate supplementation on growth performance, carcass characteristics and lipid metabolism of growing-finishing pigs. Sixty Landrace ✕ Yorkshire ✕ Duroc (LYD) pigs with a mean initial body weight of 46·65 (s.e. 6·72) kg were randomly allocated into three groups with two replicates. They were supplemented with 0 , 200, or 400 μg/kg (ppb) chromium in the organic form of chromium picolinate for 90 days. Supplementation with chromium picolinate in the pigs’ ration improved their growth performance, enhanced average daily gain (P&lt; 0·05), and increased their food consumption, especially in the 200 ppb group (P&gt; 0·05). Chromium picolinate supplementation also improved carcass characteristics, as the average back fat thickness was reduced and the loin-eye area was enhanced (P&lt; 0·05). The serum chromium concentration in the chromium picolinate supplemented groups was approximately twice that of the controls (P&lt; 0·05). Supplementation with chromium also markedly reduced serum total cholesterol, triacylglycerol (TG) and urea concentrations in the pig serum (P&lt; 0·05). Serum insulin was significantly decreased in the 400 ppb group, while serum glucose was decreased in the 200 ppb group (P&lt; 0·05). Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) was reduced and low density lipoprotein (LDL) was increased in the chromium supplementation group. Meanwhile, the high density lipoprotein-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol were markedly increased, while LDL-cholesterol was significantly diminished (P&lt; 0·05) in the 200 ppb group. The adipocyte diameter and volume in the chromium-supplemented groups tended to be larger than in the control (P= 0·07). In vitro studies indicated that incorporation of [u,14C]glucose into total lipids (P&lt; 0·05) was increased by chromium supplementation. However, there were no lipolysis differences among the groups (P&gt; 0·05). The carcasses of the pigs that received the chromium supplemented ration contained less oleic acid (C18 : 1) and total unsaturated fatty acids (P&lt; 0·05). On the other hand, the total saturated fatty acid content was higher than that of the controls (P&lt; 0·05). Results in this study demonstrate that chromium picolinate supplementation in pigs has several beneficial effects.

A randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled study of the effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on body composition: A replication and extension of a previous study

A previous study using a randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled design found that supplementation with a minimum of 200 μ;g of chromium (in the form of chromium picolinate [CrP]) per day can lead to significant improvement in body composition (as measured by underwater testing using the displacement method). The present study used a similar design in which 122 subjects were randomized to receive either CrP 400 μ;g (n = 62) or placebo (n = 60). To control caloric intake and expenditure (which was not done in the first study), participants were required to monitor and maintain a log of their daily physical activity and caloric intake. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry measurements were taken before and after the 90-day period. Analysis of the prestudy data for the two groups revealed no significant differences in any of the initial body composition variables studied. After controlling for differences in caloric intake and expenditure, as compared with the placebo group, subjects in the active treatment group lost significantly more weight (7.79 kg vs 1.81 kg, respectively) and fat mass (7.71 kg vs 1.53 kg, respectively), and had a greater reduction in percent body fat (6.30% vs 1.20%, respectively) without any loss of fat-free mass. A more conservative analysis of covariance revealed similar and statistically significant reductions in percent body fat and fat mass without any loss of fat-free mass. It was concluded that this study replicated earlier findings that supplementation with CrP can lead to significant improvements in body composition.

Chromium picolinate supplementation and resistive training by older men: effects on iron-status and hematologic indexes

Chromium competes with iron for binding to transferrin, and high-dose chromium supplementation has been hypothesized to adversely affect iron status. This study examined the effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on hematologic indexes and selected indexes of iron status in 18 men aged 56-69 y who participated in an introductory resistive training program. The men were randomly assigned (double-blind design) to groups (n = 9) that consumed either 17.8 mumol Cr/d (924 micrograms Cr/d) as chromium picolinate or a low-chromium placebo for 12 wk while engaging in resistive training twice weekly (3 sets of 8-12 repetitions at 80% of one repetition maximum for 5 exercises). Hematocrit, hemoglobin, red blood cell (erythrocyte) count, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, red blood cell distribution width, platelet count, and mean platelet volume were within normal clinical ranges and were unchanged by either chromium picolinate supplementation or resistive training. Resistive training decreased total-iron-binding capacity from 38.4 +/- 9.3 to 27.3 +/- 5.6 mumol/L (P < 0.0001) and increased transferrin saturation from 35.7 +/- 16.3% to 45.4 +/- 16.9% (P = 0.050). Chromium picolinate supplementation did not influence these responses. Serum iron concentrations and serum ferritin concentrations were unchanged by either resistive training or chromium picolinate supplementation. These data suggest that high-dose chromium picolinate supplementation for 12 wk did not influence hematologic indexes or indexes of iron metabolism or status in older men. The decrease in total-iron-binding capacity and increase in transferrin saturation (%) with resistive training are largely opposite to changes associated with iron depletion and suggest a novel effect of resistive training on iron transport.

Effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on body composition: a randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled study

To examine the effect of chromium picolinate (CrP) on body composition, a randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled study was conducted. A total of 154 patients received either a placebo or 200 μg or 400 μg of CrP per day. Subjects were asked to consume at least two servings of a protein/carbohydrate nutritional drink a day that contained the different amounts of CrP. Subjects were free-living and were not provided with weight loss, dietary, or exercise guidance. Body composition was measured before and after the 72-day test period by using underwater testing (displacement method) with residual lung volumes determined by helium dilution. On completion of the posttest, a body composition improvement (BCI) index was calculated for each subject by adding the loss of body fat and gain in nonfat mass and subtracting fat gained and lean lost. Analysis of the prestudy data revealed that there were no significant differences in body composition between the three groups. After the test period, both the 200-μg and 400-μg groups had significantly higher positive changes in BCIs compared with placebo. A single-factor analysis of variance weighted linear trend was also highly significant. No significant differences in BCI were found between the 200- and 400-μg groups. Supplementation with a minimum of 200 μg/d of chromium (as CrP) can lead to significant improvement in body composition.