Effect Of Ce3 Research Articles

The effect of Ce3+ ions on the optical, and radiation shielding properties in Ba–Sn borophosphate glass

This study aims to investigate the structural, optical, and mechanical properties of Ce3+ doped Barium Tin Borophosphate glass for potential applications in nuclear radiation shielding. The Ce3+ Doped Barium Tin Borophosphate glass (50B2O3+20 P2O5+10TiO2+6SrCO3+4SnO+ 4BaF2+5BaCO3+1Ce2O3) was produced according to earlier research, melt quenching method. The amorphous nature of Ce3+ Doped Barium Tin Borophosphate glass was verified by powder X-ray diffraction investigation. The Ce3+ Doped Barium Tin Borophosphate glass's functional groups were determined using Fourier transform-RAMAN and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Using Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy the Ce3+ Doped Barium Tin Borophosphate glass was examined. These properties included its optical band gap, extinction coefficient, optical conductivity, and refractive index. Using EDAX and SEM analyses, the chemical compositions and surface morphology of the Ce3+ Doped Barium Tin Borophosphate glass were examined. Ce3+ doped barium tin Borophosphate glass was studied in terms of its excitation and emission spectra using the photoluminescence technique. The glass's CIE coordinates were also looked at. Additionally, the mass attenuation coefficient, half-value layer, mean free path, tenth value layer, and EABF were studied concerning the glass's gamma-ray shielding qualities using the Phy-X software.

Effect of Ce doping on electromagnetic characteristics and absorbing properties of M-type barium ferrite

In this study, Ce3+-doped M-type barium ferrite BaCexFe12-xO19 (x = 0 ∼ 1.2) was prepared by sol-gel method. The effects of Ce3+ doping on the crystal structure, microstructure, electromagnetic properties and absorption properties of M-type barium ferrites were investigated. The results indicate that the crystal structure remains unchanged with the increase of Ce3+ doping. The crystal size of Ce3+ doped barium ferrite is in the micro-meter range, and the grain size remains almost constant with increasing doping. The addition of Ce3+ to the BaFe12O19 samples resulted in significant improvements in their electromagnetic and microwave absorption properties. These improvements were mainly due to the synergistic effect of magnetic and dielectric losses. Among the samples doped with different concentrations of Ce3+, BaCe0.2Fe11.8O19 exhibited the best absorption performance, which has a minimum reflection loss of −58 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of 9.44 GHz at a matched thickness of 2.3 mm. This study proposes an efficient electromagnetic wave absorber with a wider effective absorption bandwidth.

Crystal Growth and Structural Characterization of Cs2LiLaBr6:Ce Using Neutron Diffraction

AbstractCe‐doped Cs2LiLaBr6 (CLLB) scintillator crystals, known for their superior neutron/gamma dual‐mode detection capability and exceptional scintillation properties, have garnered significant attention for both fundamental science and practical applications. The role of Ce3+ cations as luminescent centers is pivotal, influencing the scintillation properties as their concentration varies. While the effects of Ce3+ concentration on scintillation performance are well‐documented, the ramifications for crystalline structure remain less explored. In this study, high‐quality CLLB:Ce single crystals are fabricated(atomic packing factor of maximum doped Ce is 0.04%) using the vertical Bridgman (VB) method and subsequently characterized their crystalline structure by neutron diffraction, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and elemental analysis. The findings reveal a correlation between Ce3+ concentration and the crystal cell parameters, presenting intriguing deviations from Vegard's law. Such observations suggest the potential presence of alternative defects, potentially Li+ interstitials, in CLLB:Ce. This work offers critical insights for advancing the understanding and optimization of CLLB:Ce scintillators.

Effects of Ce3+ doping on magnetic and dielectric properties of cobalt zinc manganese ferrites for high frequency applications

In this paper, a constant quantity of Co2+ ions and a series of Ce3+ ions were used to substitute Fe3+ ions to control the magnetic and electrical properties of the pristine Zn–Mn nanoferrites with the formula Co0.5Zn0.25Mn0.25CexFe2-xO4 (CZMC). The addition of a suitable content of Ce3+ ions (x = 0.1) enhanced the magnetization (with an enhancing ratio of 9.43 %), initial permeability (with an enhancing ratio of 31.06 %), and coercivity (with a decreasing ratio of 12.86 %). The CZMC nanoferrites can operate from 13.5 GHz to 16.5 GHz, which can be utilized in high frequency-based technical purposes such as magnetic memories, filters, and transformer cores. The AC conductivity results of the CZMC nanoferrites are in correspondence with Jonscher's single-power law, and the conduction mechanism is established to be attributed to the overlapping large-polaron tunneling model. Nyquist plots of the samples revealed that the diameters of the semicircles decrease as the temperature increases, confirming the semiconducting behavior with one semicircle due to the electrode and grain boundary contributions to the conduction process. The high-frequency response of the CZMC nanoferrites revealed that they could operate in the frequency range of 13.5 GHz–16.5 GHz, which is suitable for electronic and microwave devices. The dielectric loss value reduces with Ce replacement (with a decreasing ratio of 66 %), suggesting it might be a candidate for planar inductor and transformer cores at high-frequency applications.

Structural, dielectric, and electrochemical properties of pear-shaped CexLi2Zn0.5Mn0.5Ti3−xO8 supercapacitor: XRD and dielectric calculation

Complex nano-perovskite materials have recently gained attention as promising electrode materials for supercapacitors due to their high capacitances. The crystalline structure, dielectric properties, and electrochemical properties of LiZn0.5Mn0.5Ti3-xCexO8 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, & 0.15) pear-shaped nanoceramics, which were prepared through sol–gel reactions and sintered at 800 °C for 3 h, were explored. The XRD proves the well-crystalline structure for the prepared nanoceramic with the diffraction peaks corresponding to the cubic LiZnTi3O8 phase, the doped samples appearing with new peaks are matched to the cubic CeO2 phase. The impact of the Ce3+ ratio in the Li2Zn0.5Mn0.5Ti3O8 pear-shaped nanostructure on the dielectric properties of the nanoceramics is apparent, as the conductivity increases with increasing frequency and temperature. The electrochemical attitude can be ascribed to the LiZn0.5Mn0.5Ti3O8 pear-shaped nanostructure under the effect of Ce3+ ions producing continuous internal rearrangement. The capacitance values for Li2Zn0.5Mn0.5Ti3O8 doped with different ratios (3, 5, 10, 15%) Ce3+ are changed from 41.58 to 38.28 F.g-1, at scan rate (10) mVs-1. High electrocatalytic properties of the LiZn0.5Mn0.5Ti3-xCexO8 nanoceramics is approved using cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Furthermore, the Electrochemical analysis indicates that LiZn0.5Mn0.5Ti3-xCexO8 nanoceramics promising for supercapacitors applications.

Effects of Ce3+ doping on the structural, magnetic and hyperfine properties of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles

Effects of Ce3+ doping on the structural, magnetic and hyperfine properties of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles

Fabrication of crack-free PbS thin films by Jet nebulizer spray pyrolysis technique for enhancing optoelectronic applications: An effect of Ce3+ doping concentrations

The current study describes the fabrication of 0, 1, 3, and 5% Ce- doped PbS thin films by Jet nebulizer spray pyrolysis technique (JNSP) for photo-sensing application. XRD spectra revealed the cubic structure of Ce-doped PbS thin films. The crystallite size of PbS decreased with increasing the Ce doping concentration, suggesting the inclusion of the Ce atom into the PbS crystal lattice. FESEM results revealed that the samples had triangle-shaped nanostructured PbS thin films and that Ce doping could change the morphology into an aggregated pattern. The XPS spectra confirmed the presence of Pb, S, and Ce. The optical absorbance of PbS thin films significantly improved with Ce doping. The red shift in the absorption spectrum indicated a decrement in the bandgap value of PbS after adding Ce. Finally, the photo-sensing experiments show that 5% Ce-doped PbS thin films had the highest Ps (2895.21%), R (208.33 mA/W), and D*(3.379 × 1010 Jones) than all other fabricated devices, suggesting that the Ce-doped PbS thin films may be promising photodiode for commercial optoelectronic devices application.

Effect of Ce3+ Content and Annealing Temperature on the Optical and Scintillation Properties of Ce3+‐Doped Y3Al5O12 Nanoscintillator Synthesized by Sol–Gel Route

Herein, details on the effect of Ce3+ concentration and annealing temperature on luminescence and scintillation properties of Y3Al5O12:Ce3+ (YAG:Ce3+) nanoscintillator powders, prepared by sol–gel method, have been investigated. Despite extensive research on YAG:Ce3+ single crystal, the behavior of this material at the nanoscale is still not fully understood. The photoluminescence spectra of nanoscintillator powders have been measured and analyzed. To properly assess the scintillation properties, the nanoscintillator sample powders are developed for use as a radiation detector and underwent preparation procedures, including surface homogenization and efficient coupling with a photomultiplier tube window. It is shown that even with nanoscintillator powders, pulse height spectra, with well‐resolved photo‐peak from the Compton edge, and scintillation decay curves are obtained. It is found that 0.5 mol% Ce3+ sample annealed at 1000 °C presents the nonradiative quenching concentration with calculated critical distance of 20.21 Å based on the resonance transfer by electric multipole–multipole interaction. Additionally, the sample detector with 0.5 mol% Ce3+ annealed at 1150 °C exhibits the highest light yield (LY) with value 18 900 ph MeV−1 and a better energy resolution value 10% full‐width and half‐maximum under 662 keV γ‐ray from 137Cs source.

Effects of Ce3+/Sm3+ co-doping as a luminescent modifier in borotellurite glasses for solid-state lighting

Effects of Ce3+/Sm3+ co-doping as a luminescent modifier in borotellurite glasses for solid-state lighting

Growth and scintillation properties of Cs2LiLa0·1Y0·9Cl6:Ce crystal

Cs2LiLa0·1Y0·9Cl6:Ce crystals with the dopant concentration from 0.2 to 5 mol% have been successfully grown by the vertical Bridgman method to optimize the scintillation properties for thermal neutron detection. The effects of Ce3+ concentration on the crystal structure, luminescence and scintillation properties were systematically investigated. The PXRD patterns verified the purity of phase and the cubic crystal system with the space group of Fm࠘3m. The Cs2LiLa0·1Y0·9Cl6 crystals doped with low Ce3+ concentration can achieve more than 60% transmittance. In this paper, we introduce successful efforts to grow crack-free single crystals with the size up to ⌀1″ × 5″. The large-size single crystal obtained a decent energy resolution of 5.3% at 662 keV. The figure of merit (FOM) for this scintillator under 252Cf reached 1.82, indicating a good discrimination between neutron and gamma.

Effect of Ce3+ on the morphology, composition, and thermal properties of single and core-shell polyethylene oxide electrospun fibers

Cerium polymeric composites have novel applications in fuel cells, optical devices, gas sensors, catalysis, ultraviolet absorbers, hydrogen storage materials, and biomedicines. This study reports the fabrication of low-cost electrospun single and core-shell polyethylene oxide (PEO) doped with Cerium fibers fabricated in two moisture ambients. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy revealed that obtaining the thinnest average fiber diameter requires 47-52 %RH and 2 % Cerium dopant. Using a PEO capping (shell fiber) allows the increment of Cerium in the inner matrix (core-fiber) to produce non-beading continuous fibers with 3.5% of the dopant. The undoped single or core-shell fibers presented a 52.7 to 54.2 % crystallinity, indecently of relative humidity used during the fabrication process. In contrast, the use of Cerium dopant up to 2% induces an increase in their crystallinity due to the formation of Ce-O species, enhancing their thermal properties, regardless of the moisture during manufacturing as was found with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis.

Effect of Ce3+doping on phase and microwave dielectric properties of 0.94MgTiO3−0.06(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3ceramics

AbstractIn this study, 0.94Mg(1‐3x/2)CexTiO3−0.06(Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3(MCexT−CST, 0≤x≤0.01) composite ceramics were prepared at a low temperature of 1175°C by using the 50‐nm‐sized powders. The effects of Ce3+doping on crystalline phase, microstructure, and microwave dielectric properties of MCexT−CST were studied. A main ilmenite (Mg,Ce)TiO3phase and a minor perovskite (Ca0.8Sr0.2)TiO3phase coexist well with the appearance of impurity MgTi2O5phase in MCexT−CST. The dielectric properties of MCexT−CST are affected by the molecular polarizability, the impurity phase, and the Ce3+doping. The replacement of Mg2+by high valence Ce3+could effectively inhibit the formation of oxygen vacancy, resulting in the enhancement ofQ×f. Whenx = 0.005, MCexT−CST exhibits microwave dielectric properties with a moderateεrof 21.5, a highQ×fof 67 000 GHz, and a near‐zeroτfof −0.74 ppm/°C. The results reveal that the Ce3+substitution is a prospective approach to optimize the microwave dielectric properties of MgTiO3‐based ceramics.

Investigation on the effects of Ce3+:Lu2SiO5 nanocrystalline phosphors in reducing environment

Lutetium oxyorthosilicate doped with cerium (Ce3+:Lu2SiO5) is a high resolution and highly responsive detector used in medical imaging frequently in the form of single crystals. Fabrication of ceramic polycrystalline lutetium oxyorthosilicate (LSO) doped with cerium is an upcoming alternative that requires high temperatures and a non-oxidising atmosphere for sintering. However, the stability of the nano phosphor itself under the sintering conditions is inconsistent and has stumped many investigators. This paper presents a systematic study of the formation of lutetium oxyorthosilicate from its respective constituents (lutetia and silica) and of the behavior of LSO under sintering conditions. The study shows a breakdown of the compound in highly reducing atmospheres to form lutetium oxide, as confirmed by x-ray diffraction studies. The decomposition of hot pressed Ce:LSO in a reducing environment studied by scanning electron micrography, Raman spectroscopy, shows the correlation of its structure and defects with its radioluminescence.

Effect of Ce3+ Substitution on Sr2+; Structural and Magnetic Properties of Nanocrystalline SrFe12O19 Hexaferrites Prepared by Self-Propagation Method Using Mixed Fuels

Effect of Ce3+ Substitution on Sr2+; Structural and Magnetic Properties of Nanocrystalline SrFe12O19 Hexaferrites Prepared by Self-Propagation Method Using Mixed Fuels

Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis Synthesis and Photoluminescence of LuAG:Ce Thin Films.

LuAG:Ce (Lu3Al5O12:Ce) is one of the most important color converters in white lighting industry. Especially, LuAG:Ce film attracts more attention due to the outstanding advantages, such as the efficient heat dissipation, the saving of rare earth, and so on. Here, LuAG:Ce film on sapphire was successfully prepared by the ultrasonic spray pyrolysis process. The phase, microstructure and photoluminescence of LuAG:Ce films were investigated. LuAG:Ce films had a thickness of around 5 μm, which were well crystallized at 1000 °C in air atmosphere to form the typical garnet structure. Under the protection of CO atmosphere, increasing the annealing temperature greatly enhanced the photoluminescence performance. After annealing at 1500 °C for 5 h in CO atmosphere, 3.0 mol.% Ce3+ doped LuAG:Ce film exhibited the highest emission and excitation intensity. The emission intensity of 3.0 mol.% Ce3+ doped LuAG:Ce film annealed at 1500 °C in CO atmosphere increased up to five times, when compared with the best LuAG:Ce film annealed at 1000 °C in air atmosphere. The effects of Ce3+ doping concentration on the photoluminescence were also examined. As the Ce3+ doping concentration increased from 0.2 mol.% to 7.0 mol.%, the color of LuAG:Ce films changed from yellowish green to greenish yellow. When coupling the 3.0 mol.% Ce3+ doped LuAG:Ce film with a 0.5 W 450 nm blue laser, the formed device successfully emitted white light.

Study on the Extraction of Cerium(IV) from Nitric Acid Medium with tri-Isoamyl Phosphate

This paper studied the extraction behavior of tri-isoamyl phosphate (TiAP)/n-dodecane as extractant for Ce(IV) in a nitric acid medium. In the study of extraction of pure Ce(IV) solution, the test results show that when the organic phase and the water phase ratio is 1: 1, the organic phase and the water phase are mixed and contacted for 90 s, and the pH value is 0-2.0, the extraction tends to be balanced, and the complexes formed by the extraction are theoretically deduced and obtained the theoretical molecular formula of the complex is Ce(NO3)4·nTiAP, where n is between 2 and 3; under this condition, the extraction rate of pure Ce(IV) can reach 99.45% after 16-stage countercurrent extraction test; the relative standard deviation is less than 2%. In the extraction of Ce(IV) solution containing other metal ions, the test results show that the extraction rate of 0.05 mol·L-1 TiAP/n-dodecane solution to the material liquid containing Ce(IV) 0.005 g·L-1 is about 64%. However, the experiment found that the extraction rate tends to decrease with the increase of the material liquid’s standing time. After 24 hours, the extraction rate is close to 0. Then, the experiment researched the influence of each metal ion component on the extraction after standing and obtained the metal. In the presence of ionic components, the extraction rate tends to decrease with the increase of the liquid standing time. Considering the strong oxidizing property of Ce4+ under acidic conditions, the experimental study of TiAP on Ce3+ and Ce4+ mixtures with different percentages. The results show that as the percentage of Ce3+ in the feed liquid increases, the extraction rate is in a downward trend, and the trend is consistent with the increase in the standing time on the extraction rate. The original liquid contains impurity Ce4+ is slowly reduced to Ce3+, which affects the extraction results. Studies have shown that TiAP of 0.05 mol·L-1 performs well for the extraction of Ce4+ in pure Ce(IV) solution; TiAP of 0.05 mol·L-1 is effective for extraction of Ce(III) solution of 0 ~ 5 mg·L-1. The effect of Ce3+ is not obvious; because Ce4+ is too oxidizing, when other metal ions studied are present at the concentration studied, it will accelerate the reduction of Ce4+ and affect the extraction results.

Fabrication and long persistent luminescence of Ce3+-Cr3+ co-doped yttrium aluminum gallium garnet transparent ceramics

Persistent luminescence (PersL) materials are widely used in safety indication, traffic and transportation signs, architectural decoration and other fields. In this paper, (Y1‒xCex)3(Al0.9995Cr0.0005)2Ga3O12 (x = 0.001, 0.002, 0.003, 0.005) transparent ceramics were successfully prepared by solid-state reaction method in air followed by HIP post-treatment. With the increase of Ce3+ doping concentration, the optical quality of the as-prepared ceramics is improved and the morphology is denser. Luminescent quenching occurs when the Ce3+ concentration is more than 0.2%. The as-prepared transparent ceramics were annealed in different atmospheres. From the PersL decay curves, the transparent ceramics after air annealing show the best PersL performance: luminance with 4424.0 mcd/m2 and PersL duration over 865 min after ceasing 365 nm excitation, respectively. The effects of Ce3+ doping concentration and annealing atmospheres are also discussed in detail.

Effects of Ce3+/Dy3+ and Ce3+/Sm3+ co-doping as a luminescent modifier in alumina-borophosphate glasses for w-LED application

Ce3+/Dy3+ and Ce3+/Sm3+ co-doped alumino-borophosphate glasses (CDABP/ CSABP) were prepared and characterized for luminescence and SHG efficiency properties. FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra have been utilized to identify different functional groups of Phosphate networks. Various optical properties such as, optical absorption, optical band gap energy (Eg), Urbach energy (ΔE) and linear refractive index (n) of the glasses were determined using UV–Vis spectrometer in the spectral range 200–1200 nm. Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive spectrometry (SEM/EDS) reveals information about the elemental compositional homogeneity as well as the surface morphology of the prepared glasses. Influences of a luminescence co-activator of Ce3+/Dy3+ and Ce3+/Sm3+ ions in alumina-borophosphate glasses were interpreted under the excitation wavelength of 300 nm. Two emission peaks detected at 426 nm (blue) and 574 nm (Yellow) in CDABP glass corresponding to the Dy3+, whereas three emission peaks traced at 558 nm (green), 598 nm (orange) and 652 nm, (red) in CSABP glass corresponding to the Sm3+. The Influence of internal and external quantum efficiency (QE) on the glass’s photoluminescence spectrum was measured. The CIE chromaticity obtained from the luminescence spectra, confirming that the CSABP glass emits white light. The colour purity (Pc) and excitation purity (Pe) of the glasses were investigated in order to quantify the quality of light emitted by them. The second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency of the synthesized glasses was determined without the need of a thermal polling mechanism, and the magnitude was compared to that of Urea and KDP crystal reference samples.

Growth and optical properties of the Nd,Ce:YAG laser crystal

A high-quality 2-inch-diameter Nd3+, Ce3+ co-doped Y3Al5O12 (YAG) crystal was successfully grown by the Czochralski (CZ) method. During crystal growth, a modified temperature field was applied to prevent defects in the crystal. The spectrum of the sample showed strong absorption peaks corresponding to Nd3+ and Ce3+ ions. The effect of Ce3+ codoping on the photoluminescence of Nd3+ was investigated in detail. Strong 1066 nm emission of Nd3+4F3/2–4I11/2 was observed upon the 5d excitation of Ce3+. The energy transfer from Ce3+ to Nd3+ consists of nonradiative and radiative components. Compared to Nd:YAG, the double-doped Nd,Ce:YAG crystal realizes better utilization of the pump energy and higher laser energy output. Moreover, the laser threshold value is also significantly reduced. These results imply that Ce3+ doped into the YAG crystal acts as a good sensitizing ion for Nd3+. Hence, this double-doped Nd,Ce:YAG crystal is expected to be of industrial significance for manufacturing high-energy, low-volume solid-state lasers.

Study on the effect of Ce3+ doping on structural, morphological and optical properties of CuO nanoparticles synthesized via combustion technique

In this study, Copper (II) Oxide (CuO) and Cerium doped CuO nanoparticles were synthesized via combustion technique. The samples were studied for their structural, vibrational, morphological and optical properties using X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Diffuse reflectance studies (UV- DRS) techniques, respectively. XRD studies revealed that, on increasing doping concentration the diffraction peak becomes broader and the particle size changes from 22 nm to 15 nm. The red shift in Ag mode of CuO points out the successful doping of Cerium (Ce) in the CuO lattice. The change in morphology of the samples from spherical to dumbbell shape with increased doping concentration have been found from FESEM studies. The obtained optical band gap Eg was found to be increasing from 1.2eV to 1.3eV with increasing concentration of dopant.