Effectiveness Of Brief Psychotherapy Research Articles

Outcome of Psychoanalytic and Cognitive-Behavioural Long-Term Therapy with Chronically Depressed Patients: A Controlled Trial with Preferential and Randomized Allocation.

For chronic depression, the effectiveness of brief psychotherapy has been limited. This study is the first comparing the effectiveness of long-term cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and long-term psychoanalytic therapy (PAT) of chronically depressed patients and the effects of preferential or randomized allocation. A total of 252 adults met the inclusion criteria (aged 21-60 years, major depression, dysthymia, double depression for at least 24 months, Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms [QIDS] >9, Beck Depression Inventory II [BDI] >17, informed consent, not meeting exclusion criteria). Main outcome measures were depression self-rating (BDI) and rating (clinician-rated QIDS [QIDS-C]) by independent, treatment-blinded clinicians. Full remission rates (BDI ≤12, QIDS-C ≤5) were calculated. An independent center for data management and biostatistics analyzed the treatment effects and differences using linear mixed models (multilevel models and hierarchical models). The average BDI declined from 32.1 points by 12.1 points over the first year and 17.2 points over 3 years. BDI overall mean effect sizes increased from d = 1.17 after 1 year to d = 1.83 after 3 years. BDI remission rates increased from 34% after 1 year to 45% after 3 years. QIDS-C overall effect sizes increased from d = 1.56 to d = 2.08, and remission rates rose from 39% after 1 year to 61% after 3 years. We found no significant differences between PAT and CBT or between preferential and randomized allocation. Psychoanalytic as well as cognitive-behavioural long-term treatments lead to significant and sustained improvements of depressive symptoms of chronically depressed patients exceeding effect sizes of other international outcome studies.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of cognitive behavioral and psychodynamic therapy for depression in Parkinson's disease patients.

Numerous practice guidelines have recommended cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and psychodynamic therapy as a treatment of choice for depression in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, no recent meta-analysis has examined the effects of brief psychotherapy (which includes both CBT and psychodynamic therapy) for adult depression in PD. We decided to conduct such a systematic review and meta-analysis. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effects of brief psychotherapy compared with control groups, other support nursing, or pharmacotherapy. The quality of included studies was strictly evaluated. Twelve studies including 766 patients met all inclusion criteria. The result showed that brief psychotherapy could evidently improve the HAMD (p < 0.00001) and Moca scale (p = 0.006). There was no statistical significance in PDQ-39 scale (p = 0.31). In the subgroup analysis by types of brief psychotherapy, the efficacy of psychodynamic psychotherapy was better than CBT (SMD = -2.02 vs SMD = -0.90) for the outcome measure according to HAMD scale. Meanwhile, we found brief psychotherapy in China was more effective than in US (SMD = -1.54 vs SMD = -1.23), and in low quality studies was more efficacious than in high quality studies (SMD = -1.50 vs SMD = -1.33). Time of brief psychotherapy treatment above 6 weeks was superior to studies with less than 6 weeks treatment. We found brief psychotherapy is probable effective in the management of depression in PD patients. But one reason to undermine the validity of findings is high clinical heterogeneity and low methodological quality of the included trials.

The impact of brief psychotherapy centred on parenthood on the anxio-depressive symptoms of mothers during the perinatal period

Depression and anxiety are major causes of distress amongst parents during the perinatal period. Their pervasive effects on the parents' self-confidence, on the parent-infant relationship and on the child's development have been well documented. The aims of the present study were to describe the psychological characteristics of mothers consulting during the perinatal period and to assess the effect of brief Psychotherapy Centred on Parenthood (PCP) on the mothers' depressive and anxiety symptoms. The evolution of the mother-infant relationship is also documented. PCP is a brief mother-infant psychotherapy which focuses on the mother-infant relationship as well as the mother's mental representations in order to reduce her psychological conflicts. Thirty-four mothers consulting an infant-parent outpatient clinic were assessed with respect to depression, anxiety, global functioning, severity of symptoms and the quality of their adaptation to the infant (T1). They were offered a brief PCP with an average of seven sessions. Outcome measures were collected after the end of the therapy (T2). Overall, 28 of 34 mothers completed the therapy (83%), and 23 participated in the post-therapy evaluation. Paired samples t-tests showed that completers of PCP displayed significant improvement in post-treatment measures of depression (EPDS: t = 5.13; p <0.001), anxiety (STAI-State: t = 3.06; p = 0.006), clinical impression (CGI: n = 21; t = 4.50; p <0.001), and global functioning (GAF: t = -5.05; p <0.001). The quality of adaptation in the infant-parent relationship showed a tendency to improve (PIRGAS: t = -1.98; p = 0.062). These preliminary results suggested that providing PCP to this sample of consulting mothers is feasible and accompanied by high rate of clinical and functional improvement.

Time‐Limited Counseling Outcome in a Nationwide College Counseling Center Sample

This study examined the dose‐effect relationship between the number of sessions and therapeutic outcome in a large, nationwide counseling center research consortium. A positive relationship was found between the outcome of counseling and the number of sessions attended. The results of this study support the effectiveness of brief psychotherapy.

The Fifteen Minute Hour

Like its predecessor, The Fifteen Minute Hour, 2nd edition, is essential reading and an invaluable tool for all family practice physicians. During this time when our evolving health care delivery is shaped by ever expanding general medical knowledge and technology, limitations of financial resources, and relative increase in chronic illnesses, comprehensive primary health care may be provided only by incorporating strategies for addressing the psychosocial and biological ailments of our patients. The text outlines the systematic means for integration of psychosocial patient assessment into routine patient care in a format that is well organized and easy to assimilate. The book begins with a discussion of the trends of the current health care delivery system and the need to integrate a biopsychosocial model into the context of existent social, political, and economic realities. A review of pertinent research substantiating the effectiveness of brief psychotherapy is included, as well as an examination of the natural proclivities and characteristics that make primary care physicians ideal psychotherapists. The authors describe the common elements of all psychotherapy techniques and introduce new concepts that simplify the process for physicians. Traditional psychotherapy and psychotherapy taught and advocated in the text are contrasted. The text provides readers with information on the BATHE method, a psychotherapeutic procedure that serves as a rough screening test for anxiety, depression, and situational stress disorders. The BATHE method consists of 4 specific questions about the patient's background, affect, troubles, and handling of the current situation, followed by an empathetic response (i.e., B Background, A-Affect, T-Trouble, H-Handling, E-Empathy). Further discussion includes rationale and techniques of the 15 minute therapy session, methods for handling challenging patients (e.g., hypochondriacs, chronic complainers, substance abusers), and a review of the application of psychotherapy in special situations (e.g., difficult family members, confronting the patient when acceptable limits have been exceeded). For primary care physicians trained in the traditional disease-oriented medical model, this publication is a survival guide to negotiating a course of complete patient care within the context of a truly enjoyable and fulfilling medical practice. For those of us who developed our own strategies for addressing complete patient needs from the first edition of The Fifteen Minute Hour or by other means, the second edition warrants reading for its clarification and expansion of important issues as well as the addition of new care material, concepts, and techniques.

Evaluation of Some Criteria Used to Select Patients for Brief Psychodynamic Therapy

Background and Objectives: The effectiveness of brief psychotherapy is established, but criteria for the selection of patients remain elusive. This study examines the usefulness of some widely used criteria for the selection of patients for brief psychodynamic therapy (BPT). Methods: A checklist of 39 criteria often used in a teaching hospital to screen patients for BPT was constructed. Scores derived from a principal components analysis of this checklist provided one set of predictor criteria. A second measure was derived from the consensual agreement of the independent ratings by 3 prominent advocates of BPT. A third predictor was derived from a similar analysis of items from the checklist on which consensual agreement for their relevance was obtained from the independent ratings of 23 BPT teachers in 16 university-affiliated hospitals. Reliable chart-based ratings of improvement in symptoms, increased insight, and improvement in general functioning of a convenience sample of 43 patients treated with BPT in the outpatient clinic of a teaching hospital served as outcome measures. Results: No correlation between any of the derived predictors and any of the measures of outcome was significant after a Bonferroni correction. Conclusion: Teachers and clinicians still do not have good criteria for the selection of patients who will benefit from BPT. Exclusion of severe behavior disorders may, however, improve outcome rates by more than 15%.

Planned short-term psychotherapy: Current status and future challenges

The history and rationale of planned short-term psychotherapy is reviewed in the process of considering its optimal future development. To judge by the early literature on the topic, planned short-term psychotherapy (often as short as one session) began either as an interesting anomaly or as a second-best treatment whose justification was the chronic mismatch between the supply and demand of traditional time-unlimited therapy. In recent years, the growing appeal and remarkable effectiveness of brief psychotherapy have been repeatedly documented, and the field is now achieving all the hallmarks of a professional subspecialty in its own right. Future development of planned short-term psychotherapy will depend on recruiting young mental-health professionals who have been trained in short-term therapy techniques, in encouraging increased flexibility in planning the therapeutic enterprise, and in rewarding therapeutic effectiveness and efficiency.

Effects of brief psychotherapy during the hospitalization period on the recovery process in heart attacks.

Effects of brief psychotherapy during the hospitalization period on the recovery process in heart attacks.

Effects of brief psychotherapy on belief in internal control: An exploratory study.

Effects of brief psychotherapy on belief in internal control: An exploratory study.