Effect Of Adenoidectomy Research Articles

Complications of Shepard tympanostomy tube in children and the effect of adenoidectomy on it

Background: the aim of the study is to evaluate the postoperative complications following tympanostomy tube insertion for children with otitis media with effusion and the effect of adenoidectomy on the complications. Methods: This is a case series study on 78 patients who underwent Shepard tympanostomy tube insertion, adenoidectomy was done for 52 of them. The operated cases for the period between March 2016 to March 2017 were included in the study, the patients were followed up postoperatively by a thorough otoscopic examination (by microscope or endoscope) at 1 week and at 1 month. Further control examinations were done once in every 3 months for further two years. Results: Seventy four children enrolled in the study, 43 were male and 31 were female, aged 3- 12 years. Early otorrhea occurred in (0.7%), late otorrhea occurred in (4.7%), granulation tissue was seen in (2.0%), early extrusion in (3.4%), plugged tubes in (0.7%), persistent perforation in (1.4%), myringosclerosis in (22.3%), atrophy in (0.7%). In three patients; two complications occurred in the same ear as follows: late otorrhea and myringosclerosis in the same ear in (1.4%), late otorrhea and persistent perforation in (0.7%), early otorrhea and atrophy in (0.7%). In our study medial displacement, retraction and cholesteatoma were not seen. Conclusions: Shepard tympanostomy tube insertion is an effective and safe procedure; nevertheless, it is associated with complications. Over all complications were less in patients who underwent tympanostomy tube insertion with adenoidectomy, especially late otorrhea.

Иммуномодулирующий эффект аденотомии у детей раннего и дошкольного возраста с высокими степенями гипертрофии глоточной миндалины и повторяющимися назофарингитами

It is known that 50% of children with constantly recurrent acute nasopharyngitis have high degrees of hypertrophy of the pharyngeal tonsil (2nd and 3rd degree). Adenoidectomy can remove obstruction of the nose and Eustachian tube. At the same time, it is assumed that the removal of the pharyngeal tonsil will also limit inflammation on the mucous membrane of the nose and pharynx. This effect may be positive both in terms of reducing the frequency of respiratory diseases and in preventing the early manifestation of chronic respiratory diseases. Materials and methods. 101 children were examined, in the age range of 2–6 years, who were in the children’s department of Otolaryngology of the Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital in Kemerovo for adenoidectomy. An objective examination of the ENT organs in the main group was carried out; biological material from the pharyngeal tonsil for PCR tests and DNA markers of viruses, bacteria, and fungi in the pharyngeal bioburden was collected; nasopharyngeal lavages for cytokine testing were collected. Results: Adenoidectomy significantly reduces the incidence of nasopharyngitis in children with high degrees of pharyngeal tonsil hypertrophy. The effect of adenoidectomy is associated with an immunomodulatory effect on the mucosal immunity of the nose and pharynx. After adenoidectomy, the level of topical cytokines that increase inflammation (IL-1b, IL-1Ra) decreases. Adenoidectomy effectively reduces the incidence of nasopharyngitis in infants and preschool children with elevated levels of IL-4 in the nasopharyngeal lavage. Adenoidectomy has a significant biodebridement effect for the nasopharyngeal bioburden through a decrease in the expression of DNA markers of bacteria (pyogenic streptococcus), viruses (Epstein–Barr virus), and fungi (Candida genus). The effect of adenoidectomy in relation to limiting the frequency of nasopharyngitis in children of early and preschool age is reduced with concomitant bronchial asthma and seasonal allergic rhinosinusitis; high concentration in the nasopharyngeal washout of TNF-α, a significant representation of the coccal bioburden according to rhinocytogram data, and increased expression of DNA markers of the Epstein–Barr virus in the cells of the nasopharyngeal mucosa.

When Should a Retained Tympanostomy Tube be Removed?

When Should a Retained Tympanostomy Tube be Removed?

A clinical study to determine the effects of adenoidectomy in cases of secretory otitis media in school going children

Introduction: Secretory Otitis media (SOM) is the leading cause of hearing loss in children. Despitenumerous studies on the prevention and treatment of SOM during the past decades, itsmanagement remains challenging and controversial. A study was conducted to find the effect ofadenoidectomy in cases of SOM with hypertrophied adenoids and to determine the effect ofadenoidectomy on hearing as assessed by the pure tone and impedance audiometry. Material andMethods: Children aged 5 – 12 years, diagnosed as SOM with adenoid hypertrophy were included.The study was conducted from April 2019 to May 2020, in the department of ENT, GSL MedicalCollege. A detailed history and clinical examination were done. Investigations such as pure toneaudiogram, impedance audiometry, X-ray nasopharynx, and diagnostic nasal endoscopy were carriedout to confirm the diagnosis. Results: Out of the 50 participants, a maximum (60%) belonged tothe 5 – 7 years age group, the male-female ratio was 1.2. Hard of hearing was a common symptomin 66%, tonsillitis, and sinusitis in 36% and 18% respectively. On pure tone audiometry, the averagehearing loss was 24.95dB. Conclusion: Adenoidectomy in children having hypertrophied adenoidswith SOM, not only relieves Eustachian tube obstruction but also removes the source of infection.This leads to clearance of middle ear effusion and improvement in hearing postoperatively.

The effects of adenoidectomy of serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and ghrelin in hypertrophied adenoids in children with otitis media with effusion.

<b>Aim:</b> The aim of the current study was to assess the serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and ghrelin in hypertrophied adenoids in children suffering with or without otitis media with effusion before and after adenoidectomy. <br><b>Material and methods:</b> Serum IGF-1 and ghrelin concentrations were measured with specific enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) methods. The study was carried out in 20 children with otitis media with effusion. The reference group comprised 24 children with hypertrophied adenoid, while control group included 19 children. <br><b>Results:</b> This mean values of IGF-1 in children with otitis media with effusion and children with hypertrophied adenoid before adenoidectomy were significantly lower than those found in healthy children. Serum levels of IGF-1 were higher after adenoidectomy. There was a significant difference of serum ghrelin levels between both examined groups and the control group. <br><b>Conclusion:</b> Our results suggest that adenoidectomy in children with hypertrophied adenoids and in children with otitis media with effusion significantly increases the level of IGF-1 in serum compared to before surgery through the effect of the GH-IGF-1 axis, which could contribute to children's growth.

The effects of adenoidectomy on the smell perception of children.

In this study, we employed a novel children's olfactory test in order to more accurately assess the relationship between nasopharyngeal obstruction and odor identification ability. We quantified the impact of adenoidectomy on olfactory function, established whether the influences of the operation were related to the preoperative amount of nasopharyngeal obstruction, and determined whether sex influenced the olfactory measures. Fifty-three boys and 23 girls were administered a standardized children's olfactory test, the Pediatric Smell Wheel™, before and 45 days after adenoidectomy. They ranged in age from 5 to 12 years and exhibited varying degrees of adenotonsillar hypertrophy and histories of recurrent adenotonsillitis. Radiographs of the nasopharynx were used to grade the degree of nasopharyngeal obstruction. Significant postoperative improvement in smell function occurred more frequently in children with >50% preoperative obstruction of the nasopharynx. In this group, average function improved 50.8% after surgery (95% confidence interval [CI], 39.1% to 64%). Improvement on 9 of the 11 odors was present, with significant differences occurring for the odors of bubble gum, baby powder, mint, and cinnamon. No sex differences were evident. Olfactory dysfunction occurs primarily in children whose nasopharyngeal obstruction is >50%. Removal of the hypertrophied adenoids returned smell function back to normal in these cases. This study suggests that smell loss may be of value in decisions regarding whether or not to perform adenoidectomy in children with nasopharyngeal obstruction.

The effect of adenoidectomy on cough reflex sensitivity in atopic children

The aim of this study was to determine whether cough sensitivity is changed after adenoidectomy in atopic children with chronic cough.21 Children having symptoms of chronic cough and adenoid hypertrophy verified by nasal fiberoptic endoscopy were submitted to cough sensitivity measurement before and after adenoidectomy. Their pulmonary function was within normal range. Concentrations of capsaicin causing two (C2) and five coughs (C5) were reported. Children' (14 boys and 7 girls, mean age 6,52 yrs) cough sensitivity (geometric mean, with 95% CI) for C2 was preoperatively (before adenoidectomy) 19.95 (9.95–39.98) micromol/l vs. children' C2 postoperatively 14.04 (7.16–27.55) (P = .083 for Wilcoxon paired two sample test). Children' C5 was preoperatively 86.26 (39.25–189.57) micromol/l vs. C5 postoperatively 95.23 (46.33–195.75) micromol/l (P = .794 for Wilcoxon paired two sample test).We conclude that cough sensitivity for C2 and C5 was not significantly changed after adenoidectomy in atopic children with chronic cough.

Tympanometric changes following adenoidectomy in children with adenoid hypertrophy

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Adenoid Hypertrophy is the commonest disorder in children. The size of adenoids varies from child to child and also in the same individual as he grows and attains maximum size between age of 3 to 7 years. Adenoid hypertrophy plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion. Our objective was to study the tympanogram changes following adenoidectomy. i.e to find out the effect of adenoidectomy on Otitis Media with Effusion.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Patients showing >50% of airway obstruction by the adenoids were included in the study. 20 patients with adenoid hypertrophy underwent adenoidectomy. Pre-operative and postoperative tympanograms of 40 ears were studied. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Type A curve (normal) was found in 12 ears. Type B Flat tympanogram – 12 ears s/o Gross Serous Otitis Media. Type C tympanogram – 8 ears s/o uncomplicated eustachian tube obstruction. 5 ears showed tympanogram s/o Eustachian tube block without significant collection of middle ear fluid. 3 ears showed tympanogram s/o uncomplicated eustachian tube obstruction. Post adenoidectomy, 32 ears showed normal tympanogram. 8 ears showed tympanogram s/o negative middle ear pressure with normal compliance.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our study shows high prevalence of Otitis Media with Effusion in patients with adenoid hypertrophy. Otitis Media with Effusion is treated by adenoidectomy in most of the patients which is confirmed by post adenoidectomy tympanogram. Also, problem of decreased attention in school due to reduced hearing secondary to OME can be corrected by adenoidectomy. Hence, all patients should undergo pre and post-adenoidectomy tympanometry to know the compliance and pressure changes in the middle ear.</p>

Factors affecting the outcome of adenoidectomy in children treated for chronic otitis media with effusion

ObjectiveThe aim of this cohort was to determine potential risk factors, concerning the effectiveness of adenoidectomy in the treatment of chronic otitis media with effusion in children. MethodsNinety six children with chronic otitis media with effusion treated with adenoidectomy were enrolled in this study. A thorough medical history was taken, including family history of otologic disease, parental smoking habits and breast feeding history. Radiographic palatal airway size was measured preoperatively, whereas the presence of allergy was also investigated. All patients were, postoperatively, followed up for a period of two years, in three month intervals. Disease course was classified as “complete remission”, “improvement” or “consistence”, in every postoperative evaluation, according to strictly established criteria. ResultsChildren’s age proved to be a significant factor in the postoperative outcome of adenoidectomy, as a treatment of chronic otitis media with effusion, especially when comparing patients being over and under the fifth year of age. Also, the presence of allergy, family history of otologic disease and palatal airway size, all proved to influence postoperative outcome in a statistical significant way (p<0.05). On the other hand, child’s sex, passive smoking, breast feeding and previous acute otitis media infections did not seem to alter the efficacy of adenoidectomy. ConclusionAdenoidectomy remains a cornerstone in the treatment of chronic otitis media with effusion in children. Results document that young age, presence of allergy predisposition, otologic family history and small palatal airway can be important drawbacks and should be intensively sought for and taken into account, during treatment planning.

The effect of adenoidectomy on transnasal airflow in children with hypertrophy of adenoid tissue.

Background:The aim of this study was to clarify changes of transnasal airflow resulting from adenoidectomy and to assess the effect of surgery depending on adenoid hypertrophy (AH) obstruction grade.Materials and Methods:Altogether fifty children having symptoms of nasal obstruction and adenoids were submitted to a rhinomanometric assessment before and after adenoidectomy. At the same time, using the nasal fiberoptic endoscopy, the grade of AH obstruction was determined, according to which the children were divided into four classes. We assessed the change of total transnasal inspiratory airflow and total nasal resistance due to adenoidectomy.Results:Values of transnasal airflow and nasal resistance measured in the study group of fifty children were preoperatively 262 mL/s and 0.565 kPa/L/s; postoperatively 288 mL/s and 0.52 kPa/ L/s. We have noticed statistically significant increase of the airflow (P = 0.015); however, decrease of the resistance (P = 0.054) was not significant. In the group of children suffering from the 1st to 2nd grade (29 children) preoperatively measured values presented 280 mL/s and 0.52 kPa/L/s; postoperatively, 276 mL/s and 0.54 kPa/L/s; change of the airflow (P = 0.634) and resistance (P = 0.829) was not significant. In the study group having the 3rd and 4th grade (21 children), the values indicated preoperatively 240 mL/s and 0.62 kPa/L/s; postoperatively, 340 mL/s and 0.44 kPa/L/s; there were significant airflow increase (P = 0.012) and resistance decrease (P = 0.033).Conclusions:Adenoidectomy significantly increased the airflow; however, we observed the different effect in the group of children with the 1st and 2nd grade compared to the group with the 3rd and 4th grade. A significant increase of the airflow and decrease of the resistance were present only in the group with the 3rd and 4th grade; therefore, the significant reduction of nasal obstruction symptoms might be expected only in this group of patients.

Comparison of effects of nasal endoscopic adenoid body excision and conventional adenoid body shaving in the treatment of adenoid hypertrophy

Objective To compare the effect of adenoidectomy with adenoidectomy under nasal endoscope in the treatment of adenoid hypertrophy. Methods 120 cases with adenoid hypertrophy were selected as the research subjects.The patients were randomly divided into two groups by random number table, and the control group(n=60) was treated with routine adenoidectomy.The surgical treatment of the observation group(n=60) was performed under nasal endoscope.Surgical treatment, surgery related indicators(operative time, the average amount of bleeding, hospitalization time and the incidence of postoperative complications) were compared between the two groups.Before and after operation, acoustic rhinometry examination of nasopharynx was used to detect the smallest cross-sectional area and compared. Results In the observation group, the operation time, the average amount of bleeding, hospitalization time and incidence rate of postoperative complication were (5.32±2.05)min, (51.05±8.26)mL, (8.50±2.50)d, 15.00%, respectively, which in the control group were (8.56±2.68)min, (78.45±10.15)mL, (12.00±3.50)d, 36.67%, respectively, there were significant differences between the two groups(t=7.44, 15.98, 6.30, χ2=7.35, all P<0.05).12 months after surgery, the nasal minimal cross-sectional area of nasal pharynx in the observation group was (1.99±0.51)cm2, which of the control group was (1.81±0.48)cm2, there was significant difference between the two groups(t=3.99, P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with conventional adenoidectomy, endoscopic adenoidectomy in the treatment of adenoid hypertrophy has good clinical curative effect, less bleeding, shorter operative time and less postoperative complications and other advantages, it is worthy of promotion. Key words: Adenoidal hypertrophy; Adenoidectomy; Endoscopy; Child

Effect of adenoidectomy / tonsillectomy on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) function and mouth opening in early period

Effect of adenoidectomy / tonsillectomy on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) function and mouth opening in early period

The long-term effects of adenoidectomy on nasal bacterial flora in children

The long-term effects of adenoidectomy on nasal bacterial flora in children

ANALYSIS OF TREAMENT RESULTS FOR OTITIS MEDIA AFTER ADENOIDECTOMY IN CHILDREN

Otitis media and adenoid infection are popular with children. Chronic adenoid is considered as a cause to otitis media in children because infection in adenoid is likely to bring bacteria into middle ear through eustachian tube. Adenoidectomy is regarded as both a treatment measure and a prevention of complications caused by adenoid infection. Objectives: To find out any relations between otitis media and adenoid infection, eveluate the effectiveness of adenoidectomy in otitis media. Subjects and Methods: 54 patients with otitis media and adenoid infection that were diagnosed and treated at the University Hospital of the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy in Hue from Apr-2014 to Jun-2015. A descriptive, prospective study was conducted with clinical intervention. Results: There are relations between the frequency of adenoid infection and otitis media, yet no relations have been found between level of size of adenoidand otitis media. After adenoidectomy, 76.7% of the patients recovered from recurrent otitis media, 82.9% of the patients recovered from otitis media with effusion, 100% of the patients suffering with chronic otitis media got stable. Conclusion: There are relations between the frequency of adenoid infection and otitis media. The size of adenoid is not relevant to otitis media. Adenoidectomy has positive impact on the treatment of otitis media. Key words: Otitis media, adenoidectomy.

Effectiveness of adenoidectomy in children with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections: open randomised controlled trial

Effectiveness of adenoidectomy in children with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections: open randomised controlled trial

Effectiveness of adenoidectomy in children with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections: open randomised controlled trial

Clinical OtolaryngologyVolume 36, Issue 6 p. 571-571 WHAT OTHER JOURNALS TELL US Effectiveness of adenoidectomy in children with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections: open randomised controlled trial First published: 26 December 2011 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-4486.2011.02400.xRead the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume36, Issue6December 2011Pages 571-571 RelatedInformation

Combined sphenoid and frontal sinus aplasia accompanied by bilateral maxillary sinus hypoplasia in a child with sinusitis

Objective: The effectiveness of adenoidectomy in the management of pediatric sinusitis is still a controversial issue. The size of the adenoid and associated diseases are the factors for consideration. The adenoid has been studied and is proved to be a probable source of infection for the paranasal sinus. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of adenoidectomy in reducing the frequency of sinusitis in children. Methods: A prospective study was done in pediatric patients with rhinosinusitis admitted for adenoidectomy from January 2000 to January 2002. Pre-operative frequency of rhinosinusitis, underlying diseases and the diseases caused by the adenoid were recorded. The adenoid size was evaluated by lateral skull X-ray. The patients were followed after surgery and frequency of rhinosinusitis and associated diseases were compared with the pre-operative period. Results: There were 37 patients with mean age of 6±2.8 years. Mean duration for pre-operative review was 436.7 days and mean duration for post-operative follow up was 450.2 days. Almost all (92%) of the patients had obstructive sleep disorder and 88.2% had adenoid–nasopharyngeal ratio >0.7. There was a statistically significant reduction of episodes per year of rhinosinusitis and obstructive sleep disorder after surgery (P-value < 0.001 and 0.008, respectively). Conclusion: Adenoidectomy was proved to be effective in the management of pediatric rhinosinusitis in this series. Adenoidectomy should be most beneficial as a surgical option before endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS), especially in younger children with obstructive symptoms.

The effect of adenoidectomy on right ventricular performance in children

Objective Several studies have shown a reduction in pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) after adenoidectomy in children suffering form upper airway obstruction caused by adenoid hypertrophy (AH). However, it is not clear whether this would be significantly reflected on right ventricle output (RVO). Methods Our aim was to determine if there were any detectable changes in RV performance parameters after adenoidectomy in children with AH. Thirty children with AH (female/male: 11/19) aged between 2.5 and 12 years (median: five years) were included in this study. Adenoidectomy was performed under sinuscopic guide using adenoid curette and microdebrider. All children were examined by echocardiography one day before and one month after adenoidectomy. Velocity time integral of tricuspid valve flow (VTItv) and pulmonary valve flow (VTIpa); E/ A ratio of tricuspid valve flow; RV end-diastolic diameter (RVEDd) and left ventricle fraction shortening (FS) were measured. Heart rate (HR) was also recorded. Results Preoperatively VTItv, VTIpa, E/ A ratio, RVEDd, FS, and HR were 18.6 ± 3.0 cm, 20.8 ± 3.1 cm, 1.21 ± 0.31, 11.5 ± 2.1 mm, 35.1 ± 4.3%, and 112 ± 19, respectively. Postoperatively VTItv, VTIpa, E/ A ratio, RVEDd, FS, and HR were 21.5 ± 2.5 cm, 24.4 ± 4.3 cm, 1.44 ± 0.32, 9.3 ± 2.6 mm, 33.9 ± 3.5%, and 104 ± 28, respectively. There were significant differences between preoperative and postoperative VTItv ( p = 0.03), VTIpa ( p = 0.01), E/ A ratios ( p = 0.04), and RVEDd ( p = 0.01). FS and HR were not significantly different. Conclusions This study illustrated that in children suffering from AH, relieving upper airway obstruction by adenoidectomy may result in improvement of RV filling and RVO, associated with the reduction in PAP.

The effectiveness of adenoidectomy in the treatment of glue ear: a randomized controlled trial

One hundred children with glue ear, in whom surgical treatment was indicated, were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatment groups. Children in 2 of the groups underwent adenoidectomy plus various combinations of ear operations while in the other 2 groups surgery was confined to the ears. The effect of adenoidectomy was assessed 6 weeks, 6 months and 1 year after surgery by means of audiometry, impedance tympanometry and parental opinion. Improvements in hearing were greater in those children who underwent an adenoidectomy than in those who did not (4.0 dB at 6 weeks; 2.4 dB at 6 months; 0.7 dB at 1 year). However, these differences are of little clinical significance and were only statistically significant (P < 0.05) 6 weeks after surgery. Middle ear function, measured by tympanometry, revealed a similar pattern of response to treatment. Despite this, 6 months after surgery a higher proportion of parents were satisfied with their child's condition if an adenoidectomy had been performed. Possible explanations of this discrepancy between clinical and parental assessments of outcome are discussed.

Effect of adenoidectomy on respiratory function: a randomised prospective study

Objective:Risk of childhood asthma is increased in children with recurrent otitis media. This may be associated with recurrent respiratory tract infections in these children, but the role of adenoidectomy, a...