Effectiveness Of Surface Tension Reduction Research Articles

Synthesis, performance and mechanism of shrinkage-reducing agents with water-reducing function for cement-based materials

Three shrinkage-reducing agents (SRAs) possessing a water-reducing capacity with different structures were synthesized by aqueous free radical copolymerization. Their structures were characterized by Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), specific anion charge density, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) measurements. Their abilities to reduce surface tension and their adsorption and dispersing effectiveness in cement paste as well as their impacts on cement hydration and compressive strength, autogenous shrinkage, drying shrinkage, and pore structure of cement mortar were investigated. Results clearly showed that the three synthesized SRAs with a water-reducing function reduced the surface tension of pore solution, with the water-reducing SRA with butyl exerting the most significant effect due to its lower molecular mass. They enhanced the flowability of cement paste because of their adsorption on cement grains. The water-reducing SRA with dimethyl amino exhibited higher adsorption amounts on cement grains due to higher charge density, resulting in higher initial flowability of cement paste and more significant hydration retardation. Their presence decreased the autogenous shrinkage of cement mortar by reducing the surface tension of pore solution, delaying the cement hydration, and decreasing the capillary pore volume. Their addition also mitigated the drying shrinkage due to the synergistic effect of surface tension reduction, pore structure coarsening, and porosity (2.5–50 nm) reduction. Among the three, the water-reducing SRA with butyl demonstrated a higher capability of reducing the drying shrinkage and had a favorable effect on the compressive strength of mortar at later ages.

Effect of surfactant surface and interfacial tension reduction on infiltration into hydrophobic porous media

Surfactant molecules increase the infiltration rate into hydrophobic porous media by lowering the infiltrating water's surface tension and the interfacial tension between hydrophobic surfaces and water molecules. We investigated the relative effect of these rate-limiting processes on the infiltration rate of aqueous surfactant solution into hydrophobic porous media. Two surfactants at various concentrations were applied at a constant pressure head to 1D columns filled with hydrophobic soil, and water was applied at the same pressure head to columns filled with surfactant-pretreated hydrophobic soil. Based on the measured contact angle, surfactant pretreatment significantly reduced the hydrophobic soil's interfacial surface tension, which increased the infiltration rate compared to the direct aqueous surfactant application to the hydrophobic soil. The latter's slower infiltration rate was attributed to the depletion of surfactant molecules due to its adsorption to the hydrophobic molecules near the advancing wetting front, yielding an increase in the surface tension of the infiltrating solution. Surfactant pretreatment increased the opportunity time for surfactant adsorption to the hydrophobic molecules, resulting in interfacial tension reduction and infiltration rate increase. Diffusion-limited surfactant adsorption on the hydrophobic surfaces, leading to reduced interfacial tension between the surface and infiltrating liquid, had a greater impact on limiting infiltration into hydrophobic porous media compared to the reduction in surface tension of the infiltrating liquid due to surfactant presence.

Synthesis and properties of Gemini surfactant based on dodecyldiethylolammonium, dodecyltriethylolammonum bromide and potassium oxalate

The article focuses on the synthesis of Gemini cationic surfactants using dodecyldiethylolammonium bromide (DDDEAB), dodecyltriethylolammonium bromide (DDTEAB) and 2:1 mol potassium oxalate (PO). The structure of the obtained substances was determined using IR-spectroscopy. The study examines the surface tension and electrical conductivity of the new surfactants in aqueous solutions with different concentrations. The parameters such as critical micelle concentration, degree of counterion binding, effectiveness of surface tension reduction, surface excess concentration, surface area polar group per molecule at the air-water interface, Gibbs free energy values of adsorption and micellar formation processes were calculated. The article investigates the petroleum collecting and dispersing properties as well. Collecting and dispersing ability of the surfactants on a petroleum sample from Pirallahi field under laboratory conditions were observed.

Mixed micellization analysis of tri-substituted SAIL and amphiphilic drug mixture in aqueous/salt media at diverse temperatures

Abstract The present work aimed to study the mixed micellar behaviour of a tri-substituted imidazolium based surface-active ionic liquid (SAIL), 1-tetradecyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium bromide [C14bmim][Br], with a drug Nortriptyline hydrochloride (NOT) in the water/salt (Na2SO4) medium using surface tension measurements (298.15 K) alongwith conductivity measurements (298.15K–313.15K). Lower experimentally obtained cmc values compared to their ideal values suggest that the investigated amphiphiles interact strongly. The values of micellar mole fraction (X 1) based on the several proposed models (Rubingh, Motomura, and Rodenas) and the ideal micellar mole fraction (X id ) were assessed, and the predicted outcomes indicate that NOT has a significant contribution to the formation of mixed micelles, which increases as the [C14bmim][Br] mole fraction is increased. The negative values of micellization’s Gibbs free energy (ΔGm 0) between the examined amphiphiles were an indication of spontaneous mixed micelle formation. Micellar changes in entropy (ΔSm 0) and enthalpy (ΔHm 0) were also computed and discussed. Using surface tension measurements, surface-active parameters like surface tension at cmc (γ cmc ), minimum surface area per IL molecule (A min), maximum surface excess concentration (τ max), effectiveness of surface tension reduction (π cmc ), and cmc of mixed system have been estimated. The results showed an improved adsorption and micellization properties of these mixtures which will surely contribute to the tremendous rise of these mixed systems in drug delivery applications.

Inclusion complexation of surfactant with β-cyclodextrin and its effect on the mixed micellization of cationic/anionic surfactants

Inclusion complexation of surfactant with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) is an active research topic in supramolecular chemistry. For the mixed system of β-CD and cationic/anionic surfactants, the thermodynamic and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies can provide valuable information about synergism between cationic and anionic surfactants and competition between inclusion complexation and mixed micellization. Experimental results indicated a synergistic effect between CTAB and SL in surface tension reduction efficiency and effectiveness, and in mixed micelle formation. The surface tension experiments indicated that for single surfactant CTAB or SL, the binding stoichiometry was β-CD:surfactant = 1:1. For the 1:1 β-CD/surfactant inclusion complexes, umbrella sampling simulation results indicated that SL bound preferentially to the wide rim of β-CD, while, CTAB had a similar probability of binding to either rim of β-CD. Both experimental and simulation results indicated that the inclusion affinity of β-CD with CTAB was significantly stronger than that of β-CD with SL. Due to the electrostatic attraction between the oppositely charged headgroups, the distance between adjacent CTA+ and L− ions was significantly shorter than that between two adjacent CTA+ (or L−) ions. It encouraged us to explore whether the 1:1:1 β-CD/CTAB/SL inclusion complex could form. The MD simulation results indicated that all four possible initial 1:1:1 conformations were unstable. The final stable inclusion complexes were in 1:1 β-CD/CTAB and 1:1 β-CD/SL forms consistent with the umbrella sampling simulation results of the single surfactant. The results suggested that the inclusion interaction becomes less competitive with mixed micellization as the composition approaches the equimolar ratio of CTAB and SL.

Physicochemical properties and detergency of special electrolytic-reduction ion water.

The detergency of special electrolytic-reduction ion water (S-100) was evaluated in comparison with typical synthetic surfactants. Furthermore, to examine the cleaning mechanism of S-100, various physicochemical characteristics of S-100 were measured and a comprehensive evaluation of cleaning was performed. S-100 (10%) had a detergency comparable to that of various surfactants, such as sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, which are generally blended or mixed in residential detergents. In addition, concentrated aqueous solutions of 10% or more of S-100 showed stronger detergency. The cleaning mechanism of S-100 is mainly attributed to the effect of surface tension reduction due to dissolved hydrogen or hydrogen nanobubbles in S-100, and the alkalinity generated by electrolysis charged the surface of the dirt or adherend, resulting in a peeling effect.

Reversible formation/disruption of dynamic double-tailed surfactants in a binary mixture: effects on interfacial properties and aggregation behavior

Dynamic covalent chemistry provides numerous possibilities to develop various amphiphiles. However, the design of responsive amphiphiles bearing tunable symmetry based on dynamic covalent bonds is still a challenge. Herein, a dynamic double-tailed surfactant (DDTS) was produced in situ by mixing aldehyde-type amphiphile (N-hexadecyl-N,N-dimethyl-N-(2-(4-formyl-phenoxy)ethyl) ammonium bromide, HOBAB) and commercial octylamine (OA) with a stoichiometric ratio of 1:1. After equilibrium (pH = 10.0), the composition were 68% DDTS, 16% HOBAB and 16% OA. The predominant surfactant in the solution can be reversibly tuned between highly asymmetrical HOBAB and approximately symmetrical DDTS by alternately adding acid (pH = 5.0) and base (pH = 10.0) due to the pH sensitivity of imine bonds. The presence of DDTS significantly decreased the critical micelle concentration, enhanced the adsorption efficiency at the interface and the effectiveness in surface tension reduction, and thermodynamically facilitated the formation of aggregates. More importantly, the emergence of DDTS triggered a transformation from spherical micelles to vesicles, because of the increase in symmetry of the amphiphiles. Once DDTS was disrupted upon decreasing the pH, the opposite transformation ensued. Such a transformation between micelles and vesicles could also be triggered by altering the choice of alkylamine. The present work provides an alternative way to control the transformation between micelles and vesicles, which is favorable for the design of new responsive soft colloids and exploration of their potential applications.

Development and optimization of aprepitant/HS15/TW80 composite system: Based on micellization thermodynamics

In this paper, based on the concept of micellization thermodynamics, aprepitant/HS15/TW80 composite system was developed. The interface and micellization behavior of binary and ternary mixtures of Polyoxyl 15 Hydroxystearate (HS15), Polysorbate 80 (TW80) and aprepitant (APPT) have been studied in detail. Surface tension technology was used to study the effects of different HS15/TW80 ratios, temperature, stirring time, pH, and solvents on the thermodynamic behavior of the aprepitant (APPT) mixed micellar system during the preparation process. Air/water interface parameters such as maximum surface excess concentration (Tmax), effectiveness of surface tension reduction (Πcmc), minimum area per surfactant molecule (Amin) and thermodynamic parameters for binary and ternary systems were computed and discussed one by one. The ΔGm and ΔGads values for every studied solution were negative, indicating that micellization, as well as adsorption processes, were spontaneous. Compared with the binary system, the ternary systems were more effective in reducing the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the solution and promoting the formation of micelles. During the preparation process, when the surfactant ratio in the solution was HS15/TW80 = 1, the temperature was 308.15 K, the stirring time was 4 h, the pH value was 5.00, and the solvent was 0.5% glucose solution, APPT/ HS15/TW80 mixed micellar solution with excellent thermodynamic and physical stability can be obtained. In addition, the results of transmittance and insoluble particles further verified the stability of the composite micelle system. The excellent drug loading characteristics of the new APPT/HS15/TW80 complex micelle system were proved by drug loading experiments. In this study, a stable APPT/HS15/TW80 composite system was established by the theory of micellization thermodynamics.

Experimental study and molecular simulation on aggregation behavior of surface‐active ionic liquids containing saturated nitrogen heterocycles in aqueous solution

AbstractThe aggregation behavior of N‐decyl‐N‐methylmorpholinium bromide (DMMB) in aqueous solutions was systematically investigated by experimental measurements and molecular simulation, including surface tension, electrical conductivity, fluorescence measurement, 1H NMR and dissipative particle dynamic (DPD) simulation. The critical micelle concentration (cmc) of DMMB which was obtained by different techniques showed a pretty good agreement. From the surface tension measurements, a series of surface adsorption properties such as surface tension at the cmc (γcmc), effectiveness of surface tension reduction (∏cmc), maximum surface excess concentration (Γmax), minimum surface area per molecule (Amin), were determined. The cmc values and a variety of thermodynamic parameters (, and ) of micellization in the temperature range of 25–45°C were obtained via electrical conductivity experiments. In the investigated temperature range, the thermodynamic parameters reveal that micelle formation is entropy‐driven. Furthermore, micelle aggregation number (Nagg) of DMMB was calculated through the fluorescence measurement. Analysis of the 1H NMR spectrum indicates the micelle formation mechanism. The DPD simulation reflects the process of micro‐phase separation. From the simulation results, at concentrations higher than cmc, spherical micelles can be formed. The investigation of DMMB micelles may help us gain a better understanding about surfactant micellization process and expand the range of potential application in materials science.

Synthesis, surface properties and bioactivity of novel 4-Substituted 1,2,3-Triazole quaternary ammonium surfactants

Series of novel 1,2,3-triazole based quaternary ammonium surfactants with different hydrophobic chain length and head group substituents were synthetized and characterized. Their surface properties and aggregation behavior were discussed on the basis of tensiometry and conductimetry measurements by using several parameters, including critical micelle concentration (CMC), surface tension at the cmc (γcmc), adsorption efficiency (pC20), effectiveness of surface tension reduction (Πcmc), minimum surface area occupied by a molecule (Amin) at the air − water interface and standard Gibbs free energy of micellization ΔGMic0. These heterocyclic surfactants exhibit much lower CMC values as compared with those reported for conventional alkyltriethyl ammoniums and alkylbenzyldiethyl ammonium salts. Their micelles formation and surface adsorption in aqueous media can be tuned out through a suitable choice of the substituent attached to the polar head. Triethyl ammonium (CnTzTEA] and diethylbenzyl ammonium surfactants (CnTzBz) showed improved micellization behavior than tetradecyl diethyl ammonium (CnTzC14) homologous. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of the surfactants againstB. subtilis, P. aerugenosa and A.niger strains was also investigated. CnTzBz series possessing benzyl chain showed better activity against all the tested microorganisms with minimum inhibitory concentration ranging from 6 to 57 μmol/L.

Green Synthesis for Nonionic Surfactants from Poly(etheleneterphthalate) Plastic Waste

ABSTRACT Efficient solvent free green glycolysis for Polyethylene Terephthalate plastic waste, in this respect, PET waste was subjected to depolymerization process with trimethylene glycol (1,3-propandiol) in the presence of manganese acetate as trans esterification catalyst, the product is Bis-(3-hydroxy-propyl)-terephthalate, BHPT, as a non-ionic surfactant was separated and characterized by FT-IR and 1HNMR, The surface properties were studied by measuring the surface tension at different concentrations and temperatures. The surface tension, critical micelle concentration (CMC), and surface activities were determined. The surface parameters such as surface excess concentration (rmax), the area per molecule at interface (Amin)and the effectiveness of surface tension reduction ( πCMC ) were determined from the adsorption isotherms of the prepared surfactant. The thermodynamic data for the micellization and adsorption process were calculated and discussed.

Synthesis, anticorrosion, antibacterial, and antifungal activity of new amphiphilic compounds possessing quinazolin-4(3H)-one scaffold

For the first time, quinazolin-4(3H)-one-based cationic surfactants were prepared and fully characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopic techniques and elemental analysis. Some of their physicochemical properties, such as density, critical micelle concentration, surface tension, effectiveness in surface tension reduction, Gibbs free energy of micellization, foam and emulsion stability, and anticorrosion activity were determined. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of the synthesized compounds were investigated. N,N-Dimethyl-N-{2-[(2-methyl-4-oxoquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)amino]-2-oxoethyl}tetradecan-1-aminium chloride (4a) showed the highest antibacterial activity against five human pathogens. Antifungal activity against Candida albicans was shown only by surfactant 4a.

Synthesis and characterization both micellization and thermodynamic parameter of cationic surfactant mixture derived from vegetable oil

The imidazolinium chloride salts have improved as a potential new material for a wide variety of industrial operations, due to their exceptional structures and properties. Therefore, recognition of the surface proprieties and thermodynamic criteria of this product is extremely important for fundamental and industrial operations. In this investigation a mixture of fatty imidazolinium chlorides was synthesized dealing with a novel method using sunflower oil as a promoter of fatty acids. The reaction of ethane-1,2 diamine with a fatty acid yields a fatty imidazoline molecule. Hydrochloric acid was used to obtain fatty imidazolinium hydrochlorides with cationic surfactant properties. A FT-IR and NMR spectroscopic technique was using to establish the synthetic structure. The surface tension and conductivity as a function of the surfactant concentration in aqueous solution were measured at distinct temperatures, to figure out the micellization, adsorption and aggregation characteristics in aqueous solutions. Formerly the effect of temperature on the CMC was investigated. The HLB values were assumed for our surfactant and the results achieved indicate that it is O/W emulsifier. The Krafft point was identified at 288.45 K. All Surface adsorption parameters like, the maximum surface excess concentration (Γmax), minimum area per molecule (Amin), effectiveness (πCMC), and efficiency of surface tension reduction (pC20) were calculated using Gibb’s equation. Finally, an attentive study of the thermodynamic aspects of air-ionic surfactant aqueous system reveals that the process of both micellization and adsorbtion was spontaneous and that adsorption is more favored than micellization.

Establishment and optimization of voriconazole/HS15/SBE-β-CD complex system: Based on micellization thermodynamics

In this paper, the interaction between different non-ionic surfactants and cyclodextrins was studied by surface tension measurement. The interface and micellization behavior of binary and ternary mixtures of Polyoxyl 15 Hydroxystearate (HS15), sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin (SBE-β-CD) and voriconazole (VRC) have been studied in detail. The critical micelle concentration (CMC), maximum surface excess concentration (Γmax), effectiveness of surface tension reduction (Πcmc), and thermodynamic parameters for binary and ternary systems were computed and discussed one by one. The ΔGm and ΔGads values for every studied solution were negative, indicating that micellization, as well as adsorption processes, were spontaneous. Ternary systems was more effective in decreasing the CMC of the solution and promoting the formation of micelles as compared to binary system. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) has been employed to determine the hydrodynamic diameter (Dh) of loaded and unloaded micelles. A difference between Dh of loaded and unloaded micelles indicated that the structure of micelles has been changed. The rate of release of VRC from three different solutions was accessed by using different kinetic models to evaluate the in vitro release profile. In this paper, this is the first report in which VRC/HS15/SBE-β-CD ternary system is established through the thermodynamics theory.

Facile synthesis of octyl-modified alginate for oil-water emulsification

In this study, a series of octyl-modified alginates (H-SA) were successfully synthesized via covalently coupling various amounts of octylamine (OA) to sodium alginate (SA) and was then characterized by multiple techniques. Despite its poor surface tension reduction effectiveness, the synthesized H-SA could effectively reduce the oil-water interfacial tension. Therefore, the H-SA was used to emulsify various types of oils, and their emulsification performances were evaluated in terms of the oil droplet size and emulsion viscosity after emulsification. It was found that the emulsifying efficiency was enhanced with increasing octyl substitution degree (OSD) over the studied range. Moreover, the influences of pH value and salt content on the emulsifying efficiency were also investigated in detail. Overall, H-SA can be easily synthesized, providing a promising biodegradable emulsifier for the oil emulsification in an aqueous environment.

A green resin acid ester surfactant from colophony and xylitol: Synthesis, self‐assembly in nonaqueous solvents, and thermodynamics

AbstractAn environmental friendly oil‐soluble surfactant colophony xylitol ester (CXE) is first synthesized from natural colophony and xylitol with the use of hot‐compressed water and subcritical CO2 in a steel autoclave. In this solvent‐free system, the conversion of the reaction was up to 90.30% in 4 h. Thermal gravimetric analysis determine that its thermal stability was as high as 310°C. CXE is effective in reducing the surface tension of six different organic solvents. The greatest effect of surface tension reduction by CXE is in the case of dimethyl sulfoxide, the surface tension of the surfactant solution was as low as 36.26 mN/m at its critical micelle concentration value of 7.49 mM; The greatest effect of interfacial tension reduction by CXE is in the case of turpentine and water, the interfacial tension low to 1.51 mN/m. Furthermore, transmission electron microscope and particle size measurement showed that CXE is successfully self‐assembled into micelles, vesicles, and heteromorphic vesicles in six kinds of organic solvents. Finally, the critical micelle concentration curves at different temperatures provided the thermodynamic parameters of the aggregate formation, found that , , and are negative and increased as the temperature increased.

Nonionic Surfactant Properties of Amphiphilic Hyperbranched Polyglycerols.

The surfactant properties of amphiphilic hyperbranched polyglycerols (HPGs) were investigated. The HPGs were prepared by ring-opening multibranching polymerization of glycidol using hydrophobic initiators of varying size and structure. The cloud points for all HPG surfactants were found to be >80 °C in deionized water with >1 wt % NaCl. The HPG surfactants with hydrophilic-lipophilic balance values between 16 and 18 were found to form stable octanol/water (o/w) emulsions within a 24 h period. Several surface properties, including critical micelle concentration (CMC), efficiency of surface tension reduction (pC20), effectiveness of surface tension reduction (γCMC), surface excess concentration at the CMC (Γmax), minimum area/molecule at the interface (Amin), and the CMC/C20 ratio of the HPG surfactants were measured in deionized water at 22.6 °C. In general, increasing HPG size was marked by an increase in minimum surface area per molecule (Amin) at the aqueous liquid/air interface. This increase in size also led to lower CMC and greater pC20 values of HPG surfactants prepared with Tergitol 15-S-7 initiator (HPG 5a-5d), a commercially available ethylene glycol oligomer with a branched hydrophobic tail.

Experimental investigation of the behaviour of a novel amino acid-based surfactant relevant to EOR application

Acylated amino acids, a group of amino acid-based surfactants have been the focus of recent studies as green alternatives to petrochemical-based surfactants yet their enhanced oil recovery (EOR) potential is understudied. The few reported amino acid-based surfactants in literature showed less satisfactory performance compared to conventional surfactants with regards to their EOR application. In this present study, however, sodium cocoyl alaninate (SCA); an amino acid-based surfactant has been proven to have excellent properties relevant to its EOR application. It proved to have comparable or even better performance to commonly deployed surfactants for EOR application. Its surface activity and thermodynamic properties of aggregation are evaluated. The aggregation behaviour was considered employing surface tensiometry and conductometry data. With EOR application in mind, the interfacial tension (IFT) and wettability modification studies were made as well. The results were compared to conventional surfactants and other amino acid-based surfactants. SCA has surface tension reduction efficiency and effectiveness of 2.74 and 40.79 mN/m respectively compared to sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) with 2.51 and 32.5 mN/m. This proves that SCA is superior to SDS in terms of surface activity. Furthermore, with 91% reduction in IFT by SCA compared to 89% reduction by SDS, the superior surface activity of SCA to SDS was confirmed. There was evidence of synergy in reducing IFT when salt was added. About 47% improvement in IFT reduction was observed. SCA also has a superior ability to SDS and CTAB in modifying quartz and carbonate surfaces' wettability respectively. Quartz surface was altered from intermediate wet to water wet while carbonate surface was altered from oil wet to water wet. SCA, therefore, proves to be an excellent alternative to conventional EOR surfactants due to its superb surface activity coupled with its environmentally benign nature.

Corrosion Inhibition and Adsorption Properties of Some Heterocyclic Derivatives on C-Steel Surface in HCl

5-Amino-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile (1) was used as a precursor for preparation of 3-methyl-1-phenyl-1,5-dihydro-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-one (2) and its derivatives 3–10. The produced compounds were separated, purified, and characterized by FT-IR, 1HNMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectroscopy. The surface properties were studied by measuring the surface tension. The surface tension, critical micelle concentration (CMC), and surface activities were determined. The surface parameters such as surface excess concentration (Γmax), the area per molecule at interface (Amin), and the effectiveness of surface tension reduction (πCMC) were determined from the adsorption isotherms of the prepared compounds. Furthermore, the corrosion inhibition performance of the prepared compounds was evaluated by chemical methods (weight loss) at different inhibitor concentrations and different temperatures. The corrosion inhibition efficiency increased with increase in inhibitor concentration, but decreased with increase in temperature. Thermodynamic activation parameters were computed and discussed to reach the mechanism of the corrosion inhibition process.

Aggregation and antimicrobial properties of gemini surfactants with mono- and di-(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium head-groups: Effect of the spacer length and computational studies

Cationic gemini surfactants, alkanediyl-α,ω-bis[(2-hydroxypropyl)dodecylammonium] dibromide (abbreviated as C12-s-C12[iso-Pr(OH)] and C12-s-C12[iso-Pr(OH)]2, with s = 2, 3, 4 and 5) have been synthesized, and their aggregation properties in aqueous solution have been studied by surface tension, electrical conductivity and dynamic light scattering methods. On the basis of the results of studying aqueous solutions of the synthesized gemini surfactants by tensiometric and conductometric methods, their principal surfactivity parameters, such as the degree of counterion binding (β), critical micelle concentration (CMC), effectiveness of surface tension reduction (πCMC), surface excess concentration (Γmax), area per molecule at the interface (Amin), changes of Gibbs free energies of adsorption (ΔGad) and micellization (ΔGmic) have been calculated. For both classes of these gemini surfactants, a character of the surfactivity parameters change with an elongation of the spacer chain was defined and comparative analysis with other ammonium-type gemini surfactants having different head-groups was performed. Using dynamic light scattering method, regularities of variation of the aggregates sizes were studied depending on the number of 2-hydroxypropyl groups and the spacer chain length was investigated. Meanwhile, it was revealed that the mentioned gemini surfactants possess antimicrobial properties. The mechanism of the epoxide ring opening and salt formation reactions were calculated by using Kohn–Sham DFT with the B3LYP functional. The epoxide ring opening via primary (dodecylamine) and secondary (INT2) amines was determined as exergonic (13.4 and 4.4 kcal/mol) reactions as observed experimentally.