Effect Of Social Participation Research Articles

Physical Activity, Social Participation, and Pain Outcomes Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

BackgroundLittle is known regarding the effect of social participation (SP) and physical activity (PA) on pain outcomes among community-dwelling older adults in the United States. AimsTo determine whether SP and PA are associated with pain outcomes (bothersome pain and number of pain sites). DesignGuided by the biopsychosocial model of chronic pain for older adults, we analyzed data from 7,187 community dwelling participants in the National Health and Aging Trends Study. In cross-sectional analyses, we utilized logistic and negative binomial regressions. MethodsWe prospectively assessed the association between SP/ PA and new or worsening pain from baseline (2011) to 2021 using a discrete time survival analysis by logistic regression, controlling for sociodemographic and health characteristics. ResultsAt baseline, participation in 5 SP activities per month versus no activities, and performing any PA compared with no PA were significantly associated with lower likelihood of bothersome pain. Although SP and PA were associated with reporting fewer pain sites at baseline, SP was not associated with developing new or worsening pain, prospectively. However, walking and vigorous exercise compared with no PA was significantly associated with a 10% lower risk of developing new or worsening pain (adj odds ratio 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.82-0.98). ConclusionsPhysical activity but not social participation may protect against development of new or worsening pain. More research is needed to determine whether social activity can be beneficial for pain prevention and management. Efforts to promote physical activity among older adults may reduce risk of new or worsening pain.

The Moderating Effect of Public Pensions and Real Estate Assets in the Effect of Social Participation on the Satisfaction of Life of the Elderly

The Moderating Effect of Public Pensions and Real Estate Assets in the Effect of Social Participation on the Satisfaction of Life of the Elderly

A PARTICIPAÇÃO POPULAR NO MARCO REGULATÓRIO DO SANEAMENTO BÁSICO

The study article aims to address the importance of social participation in Public Administration, taking as a concrete example the case of the elaboration of norms of the National Water and Basic Sanitation Agency (ANA). Proceeding dialectically, it seeks to make a brief inventory of the main obstacles to this type of social participation and, finally, to contribute with the suggestion of concrete measures to make it effective. It concludes that the effectiveness of social participation in the decision-making process of issues such as basic sanitation, recognized as a fundamental right by the Federal Constitution, seeks to implement participatory democracy, in addition to conferring legitimacy on the agency's decisions.

Effect of Social Participation on the Quality of Life of Participants in International Development Cooperation -Focusing on the moderating effect of perceptions of NGOs-

본 연구는 국제개발협력에 있어서 현지 주민들의 참여와 NGO 역할의 중요성이 강조되는 상황에서 국제개발협력 참여자들의 사회참여 수준이 삶의 질에 미치는 영향과 NGO에 대한 인식의 조절효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 국제개발협력 사업에 참여하고 있는 네팔과 동티모르의 현지 참여자 191명을 대상으로 조사된 설문자료를 기반으로 조절회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 현지 참여자들의 사회참여와 삶의 질은 보통보다 높은 수준을 보이는 것으로 나타났고, NGO에 대한 인식 또한 높은 수준을 보이고 있었다. 현지 참여자들의 사회참여는 삶의 질에 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 사회참여와 삶의 질의 관계에서 NGO에 대한 인식은 조절효과를 갖는 것으로 분석되었다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 지속가능발전을 위한 국제개발협력에 있어서 현지 주민들의 사회참여의 중요성과 NGO에 대한 긍정적인 인식을 증진하기 위한 방안을 제시하였다.The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of social participation on the quality of life and the moderating effect of perceptions of NGOs in a situation where the importance of participation of local residents and the role of NGOs in international development cooperation is emphasized. For this purpose, a moderated regression analysis was conducted based on the survey data of 191 local participants in Nepal and East Timor participating in international development cooperation projects. As a result of the analysis, the social participation of local participants was found to have an effect on the quality of life, and the perception of NGOs in the relationship between social participation and quality of life was analyzed to have a moderating effect. Based on the research results, the importance of local residents' social participation in international development cooperation for sustainable development and a plan to promote positive perceptions of NGOs were suggested.

Effect of social participation on the association between frailty and disability

ObjectivesTo examine whether social participation affects the association between frailty and disability. MethodsA baseline survey conducted from December 1 to 15, 2006, included 11,992 participants who were classified based on the Kihon Checklist into three categories and based on the number of activities in which they socially participated into four categories. The study outcome, incident functional disability, was defined as in Long-Term Care Insurance certification. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for incident functional disability according to frailty and social participation categories. Combination analysis was performed between the nine groups using the above-mentioned Cox proportional hazards model. ResultsDuring the 13-year follow-up (107,170 person-years), 5,732 incident cases of functional disability were certified. Compared with the robust group, the other groups had significantly higher incident functional disability. However, the HRs for those participating in social activities were lower than that for those not participating in any activity [1.52 (pre-frail + none group); 1.31 (pre-frail + one activity group); 1.42 (pre-frail + two activities group); 1.37 (pre-frail + three activities group); 2.35 (frail + none group); 1.87 (frail + one activity group); 1.85 (frail + two activities group); and 1.71 (frail + three activities group)]. ConclusionsThe risk of functional disability for those participating in social activities was lower than that for those not participating in any activity, irrespective of being pre-frail or frail. Comprehensive social systems for disability prevention need to focus on social participation in frail older adults.

1266 ASSOCIATION OF MULTIMORBIDITY PATTERNS AND INCIDENT DEPRESSION AMONG OLDER ADULTS IN TAIWAN: ROLE OF SOCIAL PARTICIPATION

Abstract Background Multimorbidity has negative impacts on the health outcomes of older adults. Previous research has discovered different patterns of multimorbidity. However, evidence is scarce for associations between multimorbidity patterns and depression, especially the role of social participation in it. This study aimed to explore the relationship between multimorbidity patterns and depression among older adults in Taiwan and the effect of social participation in different multimorbidity patterns. Methods This population-based cohort study used data from the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging. It included 1,975 older adults (age >50 years) who were followed from 1996 to 2011. The participants’ multimorbidity patterns in1996 were determined by latent class analysis; their incident depression was ascertained in 2011 by using the 10-item CES-D. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyse the relationship between multimorbidity patterns and depression. Results In 1996, the participants’ average age was 62.1 years. Four multimorbidity patterns were discovered through latent class analysis, as follows: (1) Cardiometabolic group (n = 93), (2) Arthritis–cataract group (n = 105), (3) Multimorbidity group (n = 128), and (4) Relatively healthy group (n = 1649). After multivariate analysis, participants in the Multimorbidity group had a greater risk of incident depression (Odds ratio: 1.62; 95% Confidence interval: 1.02–2.58), compared with the Relatively healthy group. Subgroup analysis showed that participants without social participation in the Arthritis-Cataract and Multimorbidity groups had greater risks of developing depression. Conclusion This 16-year, population-based cohort study showed that distinct multimorbidity patterns among older adults in Taiwan were associated with incident depression during later life, while social participation played a role as protective factor.

Relationship of hearing impairment, social participation and depressive symptoms to the incidence of frailty in a community cohort.

The mediating effect of social participation and depressive symptoms on the relationship between hearing impairment and frailty remains unclear. A total of 3981 participants from three waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were included. The outcome was incidental frailty. Hearing impairment, social participation, and depressive symptoms were the main variables. Cox regression models and structural equation models were adopted to examine the relationship between hearing impairment, social participation, depressive symptoms, and the incidence of frailty, with adjustments for demographic characteristics and lifestyle variables at baseline. Hearing impairment (hazard ratio [HR] 1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12, 1.74), social participation (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.55, 0.94), and depressive symptoms (HR 1.78, 95% CI 1.37, 2.30) were associated with the incidence of frailty. Hearing impairment was associated with frailty not only through social participation (β=0.015, 95% CI 0.003, 0.037) and depressive symptoms (β=0.070, 95% CI 0.037, 0.116) separately but also through social participation and depressive symptoms sequentially (β=0.002, 95% CI 0.001, 0.004). Furthermore, the effect of social participation on frailty occurred in participants with hearing impairment, while the effect of depressive symptoms on frailty occurred in participants with normal hearing status. Hearing impairment is associated with frailty, in which social participation and depressive symptoms partly mediate the association. The effect of social participation and depressive symptoms on frailty varies across hearing statuses. Integrated and comprehensive intervention measures, including hearing screenings, promoting social participation, and improving depressive symptoms, are suggested to prevent frailty.

Effect of socioeconomic status on the physical and mental health of the elderly: the mediating effect of social participation

BackgroundPrevious studies have demonstrated the effect of socioeconomic status on the health status of the elderly. Nevertheless, the specific dimensions of the effect and the mechanism await further investigation. In this study, socioeconomic status was divided into three dimensions and we used social participation as the mediation variable to investigate the specific path of effect.MethodsUsing the 2018 Waves of Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) dataset, a total of 10,197 effective samples of the elderly over 65 years old were screened out. Socioeconomic status included income, education level, and main occupation before retirement. The physical health and mental health of the elderly was measured by the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale and the Minimum Mental State Examination, respectively. The social participation of the elderly was the mediation variable, including group exercise, organized social activities and interacting with friends. Omnibus mediation effect analysis was adopted to examine the mediation effect and mediation analysis was completed using the SPSS PROCESS program.ResultsFirst, the results showed that when the income gap between the elderly reached a certain level, there was a significant difference in health status. Significant differences existed in health status amongst with different education levels. There was no sufficient evidence to show that occupation has a significant effect on the physical health. But when the dependent variable was mental health, the effect was significant. Second, group exercise mediated 64.11% (aib = 0.24, 95% CI [0.17,0.3]) and up to 20.44% (aib = 0.12, 95% CI [0.07,0.17]) of the disparity in physical and mental health due to income gap, respectively. And it could mediate the effect up to 56.30% (aib = 0.62, 95% CI [0.52,0.73]) and 17.87% (aib = 0.50, 95% CI [0.4,0.61]) of education on physical and mental health status, respectively. The proportion of relative mediation effect of occupation was up to 28.74% (aib = 0.19, 95% CI [0.13,0.25]) on mental health. Interacting with friends mediated only on the path that the education affected the health status of the elderly. The proportion was up to 33.72% (aib = 0.29, 95% CI [0.16,0.44]). The relative mediation effect of organized social activities on the health gap caused by income or education level gap was significant at some levels. The proportion was up to 21.20% (aib = 0.33, 95% CI [0.26,0.4]).ConclusionThe SES of the elderly including relatively large income gap, different education levels and occupational categories could indeed have a significant effect on health status of the elderly, and the reason why this effect existed could be partly explained by the mediation effect of social participation. Policymakers should pay more attention to the social participation of the elderly.

The Effects of Social Participation on Social Integration

The Effects of Social Participation on Social Integration

Is social participation associated with good self-rated health among visually impaired older adults?: the JAGES cross-sectional study

BackgroundWhile it has been recognized that visual impairment is associated with poor self-rated health (SRH), in addition to various negative health outcomes of visual impairment, the number of older adults with visual impairment is increasing due to population aging. As increasing evidence has been found for the effectiveness of social participation on good SRH, we examined whether there was an association between social participation and SRH and investigated whether the effect differed by visual status.MethodsQuestionnaire data on self-reported visual status, social participation, socioeconomic status, and SRH were obtained in 2016. A total of 24,313 community-dwelling individuals aged 65 and over participated. We examined the association of social participation and SRH status among older adults with visual impairment. Stratified analysis and analysis with an interaction term between social participation and visual status were also conducted. Social participation was assessed by the number of participating groups (no participation, one, two, and three or more).ResultsOverall visual impairment prevalence was 9.3% (95% CI: 8.9–9.7). Among those with and without visual impairment, prevalence of poor SRH was 38.4 and 13.1%, respectively. However, the association between social participation with SRH was similar, especially for those who participated in one or two groups. For people with (PR = 0.54) and without visual impairment (PR = 0.50), those who participated in two groups showed lower prevalence ratios for poor SRH compared to people without social participation.ConclusionSocial participation showed a beneficial association with SRH among older adults with visual impairment. Future interventions could focus on the potentially positive role of social participation on SRH among older adults with visual impairment.

Effect of social participation on the development of physical frailty: Do type, frequency and diversity matter?

BackgroundLittle is known about the longitudinal association between social participation and incident frailty in community-dwelling older adults in general and particularly in China. This study examined the impact of type, frequency and diversity of social participation on incident physical frailty at two-year follow-up. MethodLongitudinal data from three waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were used. Older adults who were non-frail and aged 60 years or more at baseline and had information on physical frailty at follow-up were included. Frailty was measured using the modified frailty phenotype criteria. Social participation was measured as the type, frequency and diversity of engagement in social activities, including interacting with friends, playing group games, participating in sports clubs, community-related organizations, and voluntary activities. ResultsA total of 6959 eligible respondents were included. Playing group games (OR=0.73, 95%CI=0.55–0.96) or participating in the activities of sports clubs (OR=0.54, 95%CI=0.34–0.85) once or more times per week led to a decreased risk of developing frailty in two years whereas participating in voluntary activities occasionally (OR=0.50, 95%CI=0.30–0.84) had a protective effect on the development of frailty. More diverse social participation was significantly associated with lower risk of incident frailty at two-year follow-up. ConclusionsThe association between social participation and onset of physical frailty differed by the specific type and frequency of the activities that older adults engaged in. Promoting social participation of various types and at an appropriate frequency may be a promising way to mitigate the burden associated with physical frailty among older adults.

How Does Neighborhood Environment Influence Dementia Onset?: Evidence From the National Health and Aging Trends Study

Existing research has established significant associations between older individuals’ social participation (e.g., visiting friends and family, going out for enjoyment, etc.) and their risk of developing dementia. However, little was known about the role of neighborhood environment (i.e., neighborhood social cohesion, neighborhood physical disorder). This study aims to investigate the moderating effects of neighborhood environment on the relationship between social participation and dementia incidence using data obtained from 8 waves (Rounds 1 through 8) of the National Aging and Trends Study. 7,416 Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 or above who were community-dwelling and free from dementia at Round 1 (2011) were selected. Among them, 1,005 participants developed dementia in the followed-up years from 2012 to 2018. We conducted survival analysis using the accelerated failure time (AFT) models to examine the moderating effects of neighborhood social cohesion and neighborhood physical disorder on the onset of dementia. The unit of time-to-event data was in years. Findings showed that the interaction term of neighborhood physical disorder and individual social participation was significant, indicating neighborhood physical disorder moderates the protective effects of social participation on dementia incidence. Specifically, among older adults who participate in social activities at the same level, the progression to the onset of dementia is 1.06 times faster for those living in neighborhoods with higher level (i.e., one unit increase in the score) of physical disorder. The findings recommend modification of physical environment at the neighborhood level to facilitate social participation for the betterment of cognitive health in later life.

The complexity of social participation and its variable effects on the health and wellbeing of people living in deprived Maltese neighborhoods

ABSTRACT Social participation is considered as an aspect of social capital that creates opportunities of gathering with people in the neighborhood influencing health and wellbeing positively. However, few studies emphasize that it can operate in multiple dimensions within a community and that it can impact on health and wellbeing variably. Applying the theory of complexity, this study highlights that as much as it can help individuals beneficially it can also cause them to experience detrimental effects on their health and wellbeing. Using qualitative, in-depth interviews with participant and non-participant adults and children living in two deprived neighborhoods in Malta, this study contributes by emphasizing how features of social participation do not operate in a linear way but in an intricate, diverse, dynamic, and always evolving manner. Therefore, the effects of social participation on health and wellbeing are highly complex, dynamic across generations, and contingent to people and place.

Effect of Social Participation on the Physical Functioning and Depression of Empty-Nest Elderly in China: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS).

This study aimed to explore the impact of social participation (SP) on physical functioning and depression among empty-nest elderly taking part in the fourth wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS, 2018). The instrumental variable (IV) method and propensity score matching (PSM) method were used to analyse the impact of SP. The two-stage regression results of the IV method showed that SP has a significant negative impact on the physical functioning scores of empty-nest elderly (β = −3.539, p < 0.001) and non-empty-nest elderly (β = −4.703, p < 0.001), and SP has a significant negative impact on the depression scores of empty-nest elderly (β = −2.404, p < 0.001) and non-empty-nest elderly (β = −1.957, p < 0.001). The results of the PSM method were basically consistent with the IV method. Compared with non-empty-nest elderly, SP had more positive effects on the depression of empty-nest elderly (Wald χ2 = 6.62, p = 0.010). Providing a friendly and supportive environment for the SP of empty-nest elderly was an important measure to promote healthy ageing. Targeted SP may be one of the greatest opportunities to improve the mental health of empty-nest elderly.

The Effect of Social Participation on Cognitive Impairment Degree among Korean Older Adults: Comparative Study between Urban and Rural Area

The Effect of Social Participation on Cognitive Impairment Degree among Korean Older Adults: Comparative Study between Urban and Rural Area

정신장애인의 차별경험이 삶의 만족도에 미치는 영향- 사회참여의 매개효과를 중심으로

정신장애인의 차별경험이 삶의 만족도에 미치는 영향- 사회참여의 매개효과를 중심으로

PENSION AND SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING AMONG OLDER ADULTS IN URBAN CHINA: THE ROLE OF SOCIAL PARTICIPATION

This study highlighted the relationship and interaction mechanism among pension, social participation and subjective well-being of older adults in urban China, which provided cross-cultural evidence for theories, and had significant implications for social security policy. It examined the relationship between pension and subjective well-being (i.e., life satisfaction, depression) among older adults in urban China. It also assessed the mediating and moderating effects of social participation (i.e., three types of activity participations including labor activity participation, political activity participation, voluntary activity participation; and the variation of activity participation) in the linkage between pension and subjective well-being. The data came from the 2014 China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey (CLASS), a national, large-scale survey of a representative community aging sample (60 years and older) in urban China (N=6907). The study used hierarchical regression analysis and structural equation modeling methods. The results showed that pension could improve the subjective well-being of the older adults, specifically, pension enhances life satisfaction and reduces the depression of older adults. Both of three types of activity participation and the variation of activity participation were a significant moderator in the relationship between pension and subjective well-being. Besides, both labor activity participation and variation of activity participation were also a partial mediator in the relationship between pension and subjective well-being.

A longitudinal examination of social capital as a predictor of depression

ABSTRACTDepression is the world’s most common mental health disorder and its prevalence is higher among women and the poor. This article seeks to examine the effect that social capital has on mental health, in a longitudinal study. We used data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, which has followed a cohort of families born in large US cities to mostly minority, unmarried parents for over 15 years. Two measures of social capital are constructed, an index of social support and trust, and a measure of social participation. Data from four waves (totalling 8 years) of the study are analyzed in a panel logit model. After controlling for socioeconomic and demographic factors, the measure of social support and trust is found to be a significant predictor of depression, and remains so even after controlling for the effect of social participation. Our measure of social participation, based on attendance at religious services, does not appear to be a significant predictor of depression. Intervention and policy initiatives that increase social capital, particularly social support and trust, may be viable for improving depression among low-income urban, minority women.

Social participation, social support, and body image in the first year of rehabilitation in burn survivors: A longitudinal, three-wave cross-lagged panel analysis using structural equation modeling

IntroductionPsychosocial outcomes of burn survivors in the first year of rehabilitation are not well studied. Considering the interrelationships among psychosocial processes in burn survivors, we assessed three psychosocial variables (i.e., social support, social participation, and body image) simultaneously in a longitudinal study. AimsThis study aimed at identifying the developmental trajectory of the main study variables and also discovering the causal pathways between social support, body image, and social participation of burn survivors in the first year of rehabilitation. MethodsOne hundred individuals were enrolled in the study. The analysis was based on three waves of data collected at the time of discharge, 6 months after discharge, and 12 months after discharge. We used MSPSS, SWAP, and the p-scale for measuring the variables social support, body image, and social participation, respectively. A repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to identify the major differences in the mean levels of the main study variables across the three evaluation times. A structural equation modeling (SEM) approach was implemented in four hypothesized cross-lagged models (M1, M2, M3, and M4) to evaluate the bidirectional relationships among the main variables. All hypothesized models were tested, and their goodness-of-fit indexes were compared to identify the best fitting model. ResultsAll three main variables worsen during the first six months after burn and then do not return to their earlier level. The M4 (final model) chosen to represent the data showed the best goodness-of-fit indexes (χ2 (9)=51.76, p<.01, RMSEA=0.060, IFI=0.97, and CFI=0.98) among all hypothesized models. The effect of social participation on body image, and vice versa, seems to be relatively constant and steady. Social support at the time of discharge predicted social participation at 12 months after burn, with the relationship mediated by body image at 6 months after burn. ConclusionOur study findings suggest that persistent care should be provided for burn survivors even after discharge.

O Empoderamento e a Emancipação dos Sujeitos Enquanto Pressupostos de Efetividade da Participação Social

O presente trabalho visa refletir sobre o aspecto “empoderamento” dos sujeitos como elemento fundamental para a emancipação destes com fulcro na realização e efetividade da participação social. Demonstra-se que embora o Brasil possua considerável abertura normativa acerca do tema, tal imprescinde de uma sociedade mais atuante e imbrincada na construção de uma democracia que seja reflexo do seu povo. Assim, levantado o objetivo e a problemática, por meio de uma pesquisa hipotético-dedutiva e documental foi possível defender que a partir do empoderamento social é possível tanto um aprofundamento da democracia quanto a realização da emancipação social cidadã.