Effects Of Social Assistance Research Articles

The Effectiveness of Social Assistance in Handling Covid-19


 
 
 The background for conducting this research is that there are problems with effectiveness, obstacles and efforts in optimizing the distribution of social assistance in handling Covid-19 in the Administrative City of North Jakarta. The purpose of this research is to find out and analyze the effectiveness, obstacles and efforts in optimizing the distribution of social assistance in handling Covid-19 in the Administrative City of North Jakarta. This research method is included in the type of post-positivism research that uses a qualitative approach with a total of 10 informants. Data analysis techniques in this study are data reduction, data presentation and conclusion and verification. The results of this study prove that: (1) The process of distributing social assistance in the form of groceries and BLT in handling Covid-19 in the Administrative City of North Jakarta, is still not effective. Many people who should have received assistance were not even recorded because data manipulation in the field was carried out by appointed implementing officers. (2) Obstacles encountered in the process of distributing social assistance in handling Covid-19 in the Administrative City of North Jakarta, include the lack of outreach to the public about the procedures and requirements for receiving social assistance, the lack of precise targets in the provision of social assistance, and recorded data on recipients of social assistance in DTKS (Integrated Social Welfare Data) is less valid. (3) Efforts made to optimize the effectiveness of the distribution of social assistance in handling Covid-19 in the Administrative City of North Jakarta, by increasing the budget for the procurement of social assistance so that the number of beneficiaries can be greater, strengthens the synergy between the Central Bureau of Statistics and the Ministry of Social Affairs in making population database on the basis of a Population Identification Number, as well as the formation of an integrated team and socialization of the timing of assistance in the implementation of social assistance distribution so that it becomes an example for other regions.
 
 

Effects of social assistance on self-rated health.

Based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) data in 2018, medical assistance and life assistance have significant negative influences on self-rated health, found via an empirical analysis based on the Oprobit model. Such negative influences are robust based on the substitution of explained variables and propensity score matching. It can be found from a heterogeneity analysis that the negative influences of medical assistance on self-rated health are more significant in urban residents and residents in Central China and East China. Meanwhile, negative influences of life assistance on self-rated health are more significant in urban residents, and residents in Central China, East China, and Northeast China. This study provides empirical evidence to improve the health of residents by using medical assistance and life assistance accurately and offers important policy enlightenments to formulate appropriate social assistance policies.

Menakar Efektivitas Bantuan Sosial Terhadap Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Masyarakat Terdampak COVID-19 di Kota Malang

The Social Assistance Program is assistance originating from the Ministry of Social Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia which is then provided to the community based on Integrated Social Welfare Data (DTKS). The purpose of this research is to find out how effective the implementation of the Social Assistance program is in meeting the needs of people affected by COVID-19 in Malang City. Factors that hinder the implementation of social assistance programs. The theory used in this research is the theory of program effectiveness by Budiani using 4 indicators (Program Objectives, Program Socialization, Target Accuracy, Program Monitoring). This problem was answered by the researcher using a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. This study used data collection techniques in the form of observation, documentation and then analyzes according to the problem to be investigated by the researcher. The results of this study indicated that the effectiveness of social assistance against COVID 19 in Malang City is seen from 4 indicators (Program Objectives, Program Socialization, Target Accuracy, Program Monitoring) which are not yet effective. The inhibiting factor in this study was the validation and the program that was issued suddenly.

Menakar Efektivitas Bantuan Sosial Terhadap Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Masyarakat Terdampak COVID-19 di Kota Malang

The Social Assistance Program is assistance originating from the Ministry of Social Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia which is then provided to the community based on Integrated Social Welfare Data (DTKS). The purpose of this research is to find out how effective the implementation of the Social Assistance program is in meeting the needs of people affected by COVID-19 in Malang City. Factors that hinder the implementation of social assistance programs. The theory used in this research is the theory of program effectiveness by Budiani using 4 indicators (Program Objectives, Program Socialization, Target Accuracy, Program Monitoring). This problem was answered by the researcher using a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. This study used data collection techniques in the form of observation, documentation and then analyzes according to the problem to be investigated by the researcher. The results of this study indicated that the effectiveness of social assistance against COVID 19 in Malang City is seen from 4 indicators (Program Objectives, Program Socialization, Target Accuracy, Program Monitoring) which are not yet effective. The inhibiting factor in this study was the validation and the program that was issued suddenly.

Poverty in the Time of COVID: The Effect of Social Assistance

The global recession caused by COVID-19 will lead to the first increase in global poverty in decades. The extent of the increase in poverty depends on the availability and effectiveness of social assistance. In the benchmark scenario, that takes no account of social assistance, when ranking countries most affected by the pandemic’s resulting recession, the top half (most affected) countries make up 15% of the world population and 19% of the world’s poor. However, these figures change substantially when we adjust the ranking to incorporate, alongside the recessionary effects, dimensions of each country’s social assistance programmes. When we adjust the recession ranking to incorporate the generosity of social assistance in each country, the top half (most affected) will constitute 39% of the total population and 45% of the world’s poor. Individual countries’ expected poverty levels are also strongly affected by which dimension of social assistance is considered in the calculation. This highlights the important role that social assistance plays in mitigating the effects of such a sharp and unexpected negative economic shock for the world’s poorest people. Unfortunately, many countries do not provide social assistance that is sufficiently generous and inclusive of, or targeted at, their poorest quintile. Consequently, these vulnerable segments of their populations are likely to suffer severely as a result of the recession.

Social assistance and inclusive growth

AbstractThe expansion of social assistance in low‐ and middle‐income countries raises important issues for inclusive growth. Labour is by far the principal asset of low‐income groups. Changes in the quantity, quality, and allocation of labour associated with social assistance will impact on the productive capacity of low‐income groups and therefore on inclusive growth. The article re‐assesses the findings reported by impact evaluations of social assistance in low‐ and middle‐income countries to address this issue. Most studies have tested for potentially adverse labour supply incentive effects from transfers but have failed to find supportive evidence. The article highlights findings from this literature on the effects of social assistance on human capital accumulation and labour reallocation. They point to the conclusion that well‐designed and well‐implemented social assistance contributes to inclusive growth.

The effect of social assistance on kin relationships: evidence from Roma communities

ABSTRACT This paper discusses the effects of social assistance on kinship relationships in Roma, a disadvantaged European minority population, and how variation in kin support affects self-reported health and reproductive success. Data were collected in 2016–7 in several rural Roma settlements in central Serbia. The sample consisted of 143 men and 221 women. Demographic information (e.g., age, gender, educational level, marital and reproductive history, level of socioeconomic status and residence pattern), social assistance history, health status, height, and weight were collected, in addition to kinship relationship dynamics. Receiving social assistance was consistently negatively associated with all measures of kin support, more so for Roma males than females while decreased kin support was found to result in poorer self-rated health and decline in reproductive success.

How gender biased are female-headed household transfers in Egypt?

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we claim that the policy of targeting female-headed households’ (FHHs) may generate bias against women in male-headed households (MHHs) who may be more poverty-constrained. Targeting FHHs may have the merit of clear targeting; however, it doesn’t address the feminization phenomenon of poverty; instead, it presents unequal opportunities for women in other families by less favouring them. We argue that proper targeting could be derived based on the number of women in families. The study applied a Gender-Based Poverty Detection Model to provide a good detection of household poverty and show that the vulnerable characteristics of females could be more influenced by the general household’s poverty than females’ headed households. Model results showed that not all FHHs are poor, and that some de jure MHHs include a large number of poor females. This means that targeting only de jure FHHs might result in resource leakage to the non-poor and under-coverage of poor de facto FHHs and poor females in MHHs. The analysis asserts that female headship is not always a correlate of poverty in Egypt. An important correlate, however, is the share of female members in the household. This raises questions about the effectiveness of social assistance and poverty alleviation programmes in Egypt in targeting female poverty.

Uncoordination of China’s social assistance program resources and policy solutions

With the promulgation and implementation of Social Assistance Interim Measures, China has basically established the social assistance system framework with Dibao, Three-nos people support and disaster relief as the basis, with housing aid, medical aid ,education aid and employment aid as the support and with temporary assistance and charity help as the supplement. The establishment of various social assistance programs undoubtedly aims to fulfil different demands of urban and rural neddy people, however,the increase of social asistance programs does not necessarily bring about an increase in the effectiveness of social assistance. This paper analyzes the uncoordination of China’s social assistance program resources and put forward related policy solutions.

Defining and delivering minimum incomes in China

AbstractThis paper combines an empirical analysis of national and international attempts to deal with the problem of poverty in China with a normative analysis of capability theory, as developed by Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum. In this way, it attempts to highlight the centrality of normative approaches to poverty and its elimination. The paper is in five parts. Section I analyses the history, development and effectiveness of social assistance under the Minimum Living Standards Scheme (MLSS) in China; Section II provides an outline of capability theory; Section III analyses the history, development and effectiveness of the United Nations Development Program's (UNDP) Millennium Development Goals, with a focus on the elimination of poverty in China; Section IV emphasises the importance of a capability approach to the measurement of poverty and outlines what needs to be done to reduce poverty in China; while Section V discusses what still needs to be done to promote an effective anti-poverty strategy in China.

Antipoverty Transfers and Inclusive Growth in Brazil

The paper examines the growth of antipoverty transfers in Brazil and their role in securing inclusive growth. Since the turn of the century, Brazil has managed to combine improvement in its growth performance, by the standards of recent decades, with substantial, and arguably unprecedented, reductions in poverty and inequality. There is considerable interest in the mix of economic and social policies responsible for inclusive growth in Brazil, including from countries in Africa. Since the mid-1990s, the emergence of large scale programmes providing direct income transfers to household facing extreme poverty and vulnerability have provided a focus for poverty reduction strategies in Brazil. They include non-contributory pensions, like Previdencia Social Rural and the Beneficio de Prestacao Continuada, and human development conditional transfer programmes like Bolsa Escola and Bolsa Familia. Antipoverty transfers are credited with a sharp reduction in extreme poverty and with having contributed to a reduction in inequality and social exclusion. Arguably, they have also strengthened political support for pro-poor policies. This paper provides a comprehensive assessment of the role of antipoverty transfers in securing inclusive growth. It examines their design, implementation, outcomes, and sustainability. It also sketches their potential relevance to African countries. There a growing literature covering recent developments in social assistance in Brazil. The paper contributes to the literature it in several respects. First, the huge interest in conditional cash transfers globally has concentrated attention on Bolsa Familia, but the other components of social assistance are important too and are covered in the paper. Second, very little attention has been paid outside Brazil to the rich discussion and debate around the conceptual and normative frameworks supporting the development of social assistance, and social policy more broadly. The paper addresses this gap. Third, research into the effectiveness of social assistance in Brazil has produced a wealth of information on the aggregate impact of each of the component programmes. This paper assesses this literature while paying special attention to the distribution of the outcomes across municipalities in Brazil and the role socio-economic and capacity condition. Fourth, the paper will pay close attention to the sustainability of social assistance in Brazil, especially the budgetary and political sustainability issues. Fifth, the paper discusses the relevance of Brazil’s antipoverty transfers to African countries, including South-South international cooperation.

Work incentive and other effects of social assistance and unemployment benefit policy in the Czech Republic

In this paper we provide an account of most of the passive labor market policies (unemployment compensation, social assistance, state social support and the pension system) in the Czech Republic during the 1990–1996 period. The eligibility requirements and benefit levels are described in great detail. Using Labor Force Survey data, we compare the characteristics of unemployed people receiving unemployment benefits with those receiving social assistance and those not receiving any benefits and we find significant differences in their characteristics. Finally, we provide an analysis of the work disincentive effects of the unemployment and social assistance benefits by comparing these benefits to market wages and by analyzing the effect of being in the system on the duration of unemployment of two cohorts of unemployed in 1994 and 1995. We find that social assistance benefits are fairly generous for low income families with more children, individuals with these characteristics have a higher probability of receiving social assistance and they tend to stay unemployed longer than those people with relatively fewer dependants. We conclude that the social assistance scheme seems to be having some disincentive effects for at least one group in the population.

Work incentive and other effects of social assistance and unemployment benefit policy in the Czech Republic

In this paper we provide an account of most of the passive labor market policies (unemployment compensation, social assistance, state social support and the pension system) in the Czech Republic during the 1990–1996 period. The eligibility requirements and benefit levels are described in great detail. Using Labor Force Survey data, we compare the characteristics of unemployed people receiving unemployment benefits with those receiving social assistance and those not receiving any benefits and we find significant differences in their characteristics. Finally, we provide an analysis of the work disincentive effects of the unemployment and social assistance benefits by comparing these benefits to market wages and by analyzing the effect of being in the system on the duration of unemployment of two cohorts of unemployed in 1994 and 1995. We find that social assistance benefits are fairly generous for low income families with more children, individuals with these characteristics have a higher probability of receiving social assistance and they tend to stay unemployed longer than those people with relatively fewer dependants. We conclude that the social assistance scheme seems to be having some disincentive effects for at least one group in the population.

Economic Transformation and Income Distribution: Some Evidence from the Baltic Countries

The transition from a centrally planned to a market economy implies a massive reallocation of resources. The realignment of relative prices that is needed to achieve this may bring about important distributional effects. This paper examines the extent to which income differentials have changed in countries where bold reforms have been introduced. Discussing the experience in the Baltic states, it finds that recorded income differentials in these countries appear to have widened markedly largely as a result of an increase in the dispersion of earnings. The redistributive effects of social assistance and tax policies seem to have been only marginal.

Moderating Effects of Social Assistance on Verbal Interventions to Promote Safety Belt Use

Research was conducted to examine the effectiveness of posting a written sign (e.g., "Please Buckle Up, I Care") to prompt the safety belt use of drivers exiting a university parking lot. In addition, the moderating effects of an intervention agent holding the written sign was evaluated (i.e., a socially assisted intervention). The results showed the effectiveness of a socially assisted written sign was greater than presenting a written sign alone. The results and interventions, in general, are discussed within a rule-governed and verbal-intervention framework.