Effectiveness Of Health Education Program Research Articles

Examination of the Effectiveness of Health Education Programs in Preventing Chronic Diseases

Objectives: Chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic dysfunctions, infectious diseases, HIV and other noncommunicable diseases continue to account for increased rate of mortality. Studies have revealed that in many emerging economies, there are less educated individuals who are very poor and live very passive or sedentary lifestyle constantly abusing the use of tobacco.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Adult Diabetics Regarding Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia.

Background Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are one of the most common and fatal complications of diabetic patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) that may end with their feet amputation. These complications can be prevented through the adherence of diabetic patients to their diabetes management plan and by educating them about risk factors, complications of diabetic foot, and proper foot care. To develop effective health education programs to educate diabetic patients and caregivers regarding diabetic foot and its effective care, we should first identify gaps in patients' knowledge and perception of diabetic foot and evaluate their practice of foot care. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate knowledge and attitude toward DFUs and the practice of foot care among adult diabetic patients attending Al-Qunfudah Diabetes Center, Saudi Arabia, from October 2022 to March 2023. Methods A total of 403 adult diabetic patients were recruited in this cross-sectional study during their attendance at the diabetes center in Al-Qunfudah district, Saudi Arabia. The study researchers conducted a physical face-to-face interview with each diabetic patient using a validated questionnaire with closed-ended questions to collect their responses regarding their knowledge and attitude toward DFUs and their behavior toward foot care. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 23 (released 2015; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). Results Out of 403 diabetics, 50.4% (n = 203) had inadequate knowledge (knowledge score < 80%), 46.4% (n = 187) had negative attitudes (attitude score < 80%) toward DFUs, and the majority could not practice foot care well, with 77.7% (n = 313) giving a practice score less than 80%. Seventy patients (17.4%) self-reported a history of DFUs. Predictors of good knowledge about DFUs among diabetics include age between 30 and 59 years (odds ratio (OR) = 2.942, confidence interval (CI) 95% = 1.695-2.107, p < 0.001), marriage (OR = 3.101, CI 95% = 1.893-5.079, p < 0.001), working (OR = 5.325, CI 95% = 3.019-9.389, p < 0.001), diploma education (OR = 8.205, CI 95% = 3.332-20.203, p < 0.001), managing DM with oral drugs (OR = 2.219, CI 95% = 1.399-3.519, p < 0.001), and having no DFUs (OR = 2.712, CI 95% = 1.557-4.723, p < 0.001). Males were more likely to practice foot care well (OR = 1.925, CI 95% = 1.142-3.245, p = 0.013). Primary education (OR = 3.421, CI 95% = 1.655-7.073, p < 0.001) predicted appropriate foot care. Patients with DM for one to five years (OR = 1.995, CI 95% = 1.139-3.493, p = 0.016) and those on diet and metformin (OR = 2.133, CI 95% = 1.134-4.011, p = 0.019) were expected to have better foot care than other diabetics. Conclusion Diabetic patients in the Al-Qunfudah district of Saudi Arabia had inadequate knowledge and negative attitudes toward DFUs, and their foot care behaviors were inadequate. Furthermore, DFUs were self-reported in around 17% of diabetic patients. Specialized training programs are recommended to enhance knowledge regarding DFUs among diabetics and motivate and train them and caregivers on how to conduct proper foot care. These educational programs should target all diabetics, with an emphasis on those with DFUs, females, non-working patients, individuals who have had DM for a longer time, and illiterate diabetics. To understand the factors behind patients' negative attitudes toward diabetic foot, future qualitative research is required.

Effect of health education program on knowledge, stress, and satisfaction among infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization injection

Abstract Background Stress and dissatisfaction are common issues among patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). The process of IVF can be emotionally and psychologically challenging, leading to stress, anxiety, and depression in patients. This can be exacerbated by factors such as the length of infertility, the uncertainty of the outcome, and the financial burden of treatment. Additionally, the physical demands of the treatment, the side effects of medication, and the fear of failure can contribute to dissatisfaction and emotional strain in IVF patients. This pre-post intervention study design aimed to evaluate the effect of a health education program on knowledge, stress, and satisfaction among 100 infertile women undergoing IVF attending the Woman’s Health Hospital’s infertility outpatient clinic and IVF unit at Assiut University. Knowledge and stress were measured by women’s knowledge about IVF and the perceived stress scale, respectively. The satisfaction was measured using the Scale of Patient Satisfaction about IVF. Results There is a marked improvement in the knowledge of infertile women, with a significant reduction in their stress levels after the health education program. Furthermore, the satisfaction scores of the women who participated in the program improved significantly. Conclusion The health education program demonstrated a positive impact on knowledge, stress levels, and satisfaction among infertile women undergoing IVF. These findings highlight the positive impact of the program on the participants and emphasize the importance of continuous educational programs regarding IVF to improve knowledge, decrease stress levels, and increase their overall satisfaction with the treatment.

Effectiveness of Health Education Program on Women’s Knowledge and Self- reported Practice Regarding Postpartum Minor Discomforts

Effectiveness of Health Education Program on Women’s Knowledge and Self- reported Practice Regarding Postpartum Minor Discomforts

Awareness On Minor Disorders Of Pregnancy Among Pregnant Women Of A Hospital

Background: Minor disorders of pregnancy are the common discomforts experienced during pregnancy. These disorders can be unbearable and stressful which may later affect outcomes of pregnancy. The objective of the study was to find out awareness on minor disorders of pregnancy among pregnant women attending antenatal OPD. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 91 pregnant women in Bhaktapur hospital by using non - probability convenience sampling technique. Face to face interview technique was used to collect data by using self-developed structured questionnaire. The study was conducted between 27 April 2022 to 27 May,2022. Data management, analysis and interpretation was done using descriptive and inferential statistics and represented in tabulated form. Results: The findings of this study showed that the majority (70.3%) of the respondents had an inadequate level of awareness of minor disorders of pregnancy. Inadequate awareness was present in causes of hemorrhoid, causes of varicose vein 25.3%, and causes of insomnia 44.0% during pregnancy. There was a significant association between levels of awareness on minor disorders of pregnancy with type of family (p=0.017). Conclusion: Awareness on minor disorders of pregnancy among pregnant women is still inadequate, which suggests the need for effective health education program on minor disorders of pregnancy to prevent form complications arise from these disorders.

Cystic echinococcosis in humans and ruminants in Portugal: a one health approach

Abstract Background Cystic echinococcosis or hydatid disease is an important parasitic zoonosis for public health, although neglected. Despite being a mandatory notification disease both in humans and animals, data in Portugal are almost absent. A collaborative One Health retrospective nationwide study was conducted, bringing together the expertise of public health doctors, veterinarians and epidemiologists. Methods Human hospitalizations caused by cystic echinococcosis and slaughterhouse records of echinococcosis from bovine, ovine and caprine species were obtained. Poisson loglinear regression model was used. Occurrence maps were generated combining animal and human cases. Results From 2008 to 2022, 298 cases of echinococcosis were identified in post-mortem inspection in Portuguese slaughterhouses (bovines n = 125, ovines=288 cases, caprines n = 14). Between 2008 and 2018, cystic echinococcosis caused 582 hospitalizations in Portuguese public hospital, with an average length of 11 (± 15.66) days, resulting in 13 deaths (2.23%). Alentejo was the region with the highest hospitalizations. For every infected animal, a 7% increase in the incidence rate of human hospitalization was found (p = 0.002, Exp(B)=1.070, 95% CI: 1.025 - 1.117). Residing in the Alentejo increased the incidence rate of human hospitalizations by 5.3 times when compared to other regions (p = 0.000, Exp(B)=5.290, 95% CI: 3.835 - 7.296). For every 100,000 person-years, there was a total of 0.528 hospitalizations and the risk of death from echinococcosis was 8 times higher for those living in the Alentejo (p &amp;lt; 0.001, Exp(B)=8.259, 95% CI: 2.427 - 28.106). Conclusions Living in the Alentejo region has shown to be a high-risk factor for echinococcosis. This work gives an accurate recognition of the situation in Portugal, allowing the development of effective health control and education programs to face an important but neglected zoonotic disease under a One Health approach. Key messages • Considering that echinococcosis is still one of the 20 neglected tropical diseases of global health importance, is critical to map and monitor its prevalence and trends. • This study highlights the impact of this neglected zoonosis in humans and livestock, allowing the identification of the most problematic areas for echinococcosis in Portugal.

Knowledge and Attitude of Primary School Teachers for Periodontal Disease

Background: This research study aimed to explore the knowledge and attitudes of primary school teachers regarding periodontal disease. Periodontal disease is a common oral health condition that can affect people of all ages, including children. Teachers play a vital role in promoting oral health among their students, and understanding their knowledge and attitudes towards periodontal disease is essential for designing effective oral health education programs. Materials and Methods: For this study, a survey was conducted among primary school teachers from various schools. The survey included questions related to their knowledge about periodontal disease, its causes, symptoms, and preventive measures. Additionally, it assessed their attitudes towards oral health promotion in the classroom. A total of 300 primary school teachers participated in the survey, providing valuable insights into their perspectives on periodontal disease. Results: Knowledge Level: The study found that 60% of primary school teachers had a basic understanding of periodontal disease. However, only 25% could correctly identify its major causes, and 45% were aware of its common symptoms. Attitudes towards Oral Health: Interestingly, 80% of teachers expressed a positive attitude towards incorporating oral health education into their teaching curriculum. They believed that educating students about oral hygiene was important. Use of Educational Resources: Approximately 70% of teachers reported using oral health educational resources such as pamphlets and videos in their classrooms. Barriers: The study also identified some barriers to effective oral health education, including a lack of time, resources, and training. Conclusion: This study highlights the varying levels of knowledge among primary school teachers regarding periodontal disease. While a majority expressed positive attitudes towards oral health education, there is a need for targeted training and resources to improve their knowledge and confidence in teaching students about periodontal disease. Efforts to overcome existing barriers should also be considered to enhance oral health promotion in primary schools.

The effect of a theory-based health education program on physical activity and blood pressure in middle-aged women with pre-hypertension: A cluster randomized trial

ABSTRACT The purpose of this interventional experimental study was to determine the effect of health education program on physical activity and blood pressure in middle-aged women with pre-hypertension in Kohdasht. Eighty middle-aged women with pre-hypertension were selected and divided into two groups randomly. After the one-month online training program for intervention group, by conducting an interview, the data was completed using questionnaire and it was analyzed using spss 27 software (significance level of 0.05). Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups. After 3 months of follow-up, a significant increase in attitude, perceived behavioral control and behavioral intention related to physical activity was observed in the intervention group compared to the control group (P < .05). Also, the average blood pressure in the intervention group was higher than the control group. Considering the effect of the online health education program based on the theory of planned behavior in improving the stages of changing physical activity and reducing blood pressure, the use of these developed models with an emphasis on modifying the subjective norm related to physical activity in the field of prevention is recommended for high blood pressure.

Assessment of knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19 among rural adolescents in Thakurgaon district, Bangladesh: an interview-based study

ObjectivesTo evaluate the understanding, opinions and actions concerning COVID-19, referred to as knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP), among rural adolescents in Bangladesh. Additionally, the study aimed to identify the determinants...

Use of Herbal Medicine Among the Public in Abu Dhabi

Background: Herbal remedies have been used in traditional medicine for thousands of years to treat various human ailments.&#x0D; Aim: Given the rising increase in the use of herbal products among the United Arab Emirates (UAE) population, this study aims to explore the level of knowledge, attitude, and beliefs about the use of herbal medicine among the public in Abu Dhabi.&#x0D; Methods: A total of 410 male and female participants aged between 20 and 60+ years completed a 20-item face-to-face questionnaire that was composed of three sections. The first section of the questionnaire included demographic data (age, gender, nationality, marital status, and level of education), health status, and familiarity with herbal medicine. The second section included practices of using of herbal medicine among participants. The last section included respondents' beliefs and attitudes about herbal medicine based on its use.&#x0D; Results: The results of this study showed that almost half of the respondents were married and aged between 20 and 29 years. Only one-fifth of the participants were very familiar with the herbal medicine while more than one-third reported no familiarity. The results also showed that about 35% of the participants use herbal medicine. The only demographic features linked with the usage of herbal medications were age and marital state, where married respondents reported higher use of herbal medicine than unmarried. In addition, older respondents (40+ years) reported higher use compared to younger generations. Moreover, the patient's high cholesterol level was the sole connected health-related attribute. Interestingly, most users indicated that herbal medicine was recommended to them by family or friends, followed by herbalists and medical doctors. According to nonusers, the biggest deterrent to utilizing herbal remedies was being healthy and having no need for using herbal medicine, while lack of available information about herbal medicine was the second reason. The highest belief of respondents about the use of herbal medicine was their role in maintaining and promoting health.&#x0D; Conclusion: Although the results of this study showed that herbal medicine is moderately used in UAE, particularly by those who have hypercholesterolemia, it is important to emphasize the benefits and drawbacks of utilizing herbal remedies. Effective herbal medicine policies and health education programs must be developed. Patient counseling and education about medication use are needed to augment their awareness about their use.&#x0D; Keywords: herbal medicine, demographic features, hypercholesterolemia

Mental Health of Primary and Secondary School Teachers in the Remote Mountain Areas.

Background and objective: Teaching is widely recognized as a highly stressful profession. Job stress leads to emotional exhaustion, which in turn triggers teacher attrition. The cost is estimated as USD 2.2 billion annually for teacher dropouts. It is therefore important to understand the mental state of teachers and the factors that may influence it in order to provide the appropriate early intervention. In the past, more attention has been paid to the mental status of teachers in economically developed cities, but less research has been conducted in remote cities. In this study, we selected primary and secondary school teachers in a typical area to assess their mental health, thereby contributing to the development of effective mental health education programs for teachers in primary and secondary schools. Materials and methods: In this study, 1102 teachers from a typical city in Ningxia Province, characterized by remote mountain areas, minority communities, and a low economic level, participated. The mental status of the teachers was assessed by a Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90). The effects of gender, age, level of education, place of work, and marital status on the total SCL-90 score were recorded and compared. The subscale scores of the SCL-90 and the differences among the respondents with various characteristics were analyzed. Results: In total, 1025 data were valid and used for statistical analysis. The effective rate of this study was 93.01%. The analysis showed that 25.17% of the subjects had possible mental problems. There were significant differences in age and marital status (p < 0.001). The score of teachers less than 30 years old was lower than that of other teachers (p = 0.001 vs. 30-39; p < 0.001 vs. 40-49; p < 0.001 vs. ≥50). The no-marriage teachers had the lowest score than the married group or others (p < 0.001 vs. married; p < 0.05 vs. others). Compared to the norm, teachers' mental status was poor, especially in somatization (p < 0.001), obsessive-compulsive symptoms (p < 0.001), depression (p < 0.001), anxiety (p < 0.001), hostility (p < 0.001), phobic anxiety (p < 0.001), and psychosis (p < 0.001). There were gender differences in obsessive-compulsive symptoms (p < 0.05) and depression (p < 0.05). Conclusions: These data indicate that the mental status of these teachers is not optimistic, and married female teachers aged 40-55 years need to be given more attention. Mental health examinations can be incorporated into daily physical examination items to facilitate the timely detection and early intervention of negative emotions.

Knowledge of the Saudi hypertensive individuals towards hypertension: a cross-sectional analytical study

Background: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the knowledge of hypertension among adults living in Saudi Arabia. This information will be valuable for healthcare providers, public health organizations, and policy makers in developing effective health education programs and interventions to improve the management and prevention of hypertension in Saudi Arabia Methods: The study was conducted during the period from October 2022 to December 2022 and utilized an online survey with a sample size of 1234 adults with a minimum age of 18 years. The survey consisted of questions regarding sociodemographic characteristics and knowledge of hypertension, including causes, symptoms, risk factors, and management. Results: The results showed that most participants had a general understanding of hypertension, with the majority (79.7%) knowing the normal values of blood pressure and 63.7% understanding that it is a treatable condition. The most common source of knowledge about hypertension was through friends and family (53.1%). Conclusions: The study highlights the need for continued education and awareness about hypertension in Saudi Arabia, particularly for those with limited education and older individuals.

Effect of health education program on improving knowledge and atitude towards mental health stigma and professional help-seeking among adolescents

BackgroundEngaging adolescents in mental health education programs can markedly improve their knowledge, decrease stigma, and enhance professional help-seeking. Two-step study was carried out. The first step was applied to 416 secondary school students in two Egyptian Governorates, using an adapted version of a questionnaire used to survey beliefs and attitudes towards mental illness and professional help-seeking. The second step, a health education program, was implemented upon 224 students; they were classified into intervention and control groups. The program was done to improve their knowledge and attitude.ResultsAbout 8% of participants had positive findings suggestive of mental illness; the commonest disorder was anxiety disorder (3.9%). Although most of the participants had a positive attitude towards a mentally ill person, 70.7% of them considered mentally ill persons dangerous, and 60.3% will be ashamed if they/their relatives have a mental illness. The main station of seeking help if having a mental trouble was friends (38.9%). The intervention succeeded to change the belief that mental illness is like any other illness from 46.4 to 96.4%. It decreased the belief that mental illness is an evil spirit from 38.4 to 6.3%. Attitude was improved after intervention for all items except in the point of marrying a person with mental illness. Help-seeking from family members or healthcare workers was significantly improved after the intervention.ConclusionsAnxiety was the commonest mental disorder among the studied group. Negative attitude and wrong beliefs can be changed with health education. Low professional help-seeking may arise the need for more effective professional interventions.

Knowledge and Awareness Among Mothers Regarding Early Childhood Development: A Study From the United Arab Emirates.

Background and objective There is a dearth of studies on the knowledge and awareness among mothers on childhood development in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Maternal knowledge of childhood development is a critical determinant ofchildren's development and behavior. In light of this, we conducted this study to determine the level of maternal knowledge about childhood development. Methodology We employed a cross-sectional study design involving 200 mothers of all ages recruited using stratified random sampling. After obtaining informed consent, the participants were required to complete a questionnaire adapted from the "Ages and Stages" questionnaire, which covered demographicsand items on developmental milestones. The questionnaire was validated and checked for reliability by using a focus group. Inferential statistics were used, and the association between the variables was analyzed using the Chi-squared test. Results Our findings indicated that the knowledge among mothers regarding child development is relatively low in the UAE. Two-thirds of the respondents were knowledgeable about gross motor skills (62% of the mothers knew the age at which a child could lift his/her head). Less than half of the mothers were well-informed about fine motor skills such as writing and drawing (44% of the mothers were aware of the age at which a child should be able to scribble on paper). The respondents demonstrated a lack of knowledge regarding children's speech and language skills. Regarding social skills, only 8% of the mothers were aware of the correct age at which a child should start to dress by himself/herself. Conclusion Although mothers in the UAE were knowledgeable about certain aspects of childhood development such as gross motor development, they were less knowledgeable regarding other aspects such as social and language skills. The gaps identified in our study highlight the need to implement effective health education programs so that mothers are better informed to help improve child development outcomes in the community.

Prevalence, Attitudes, and Factors Influencing Uptake of the COVID-19 Vaccine in Saudi Arabia.

The availability and access to COVID-19 vaccinations are critical to a successful pandemic response. More than 70% of the population reportedly needs to be vaccinated against COVID-19 to achieve herd immunity worldwide. However, the reluctance to get vaccinated with the COVID-19 vaccines is holding up the process of vaccination and efforts to control the pandemic and its negative consequences for the global health system, society, and economy. Previous studies have shown low uptake of vaccination in some Middle Eastern countries due to negative attitudes toward vaccination, including concerns about safety and efficacy and doubts about the need for vaccination. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence, attitudes, and factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among healthcare workers, academic staff, and students in Saudi Arabia after the vaccine was made widely available by the government. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to determine the prevalence, attitudes, and association between demographic factors and uptake of the first or second dose of vaccination among Saudi Arabian health workers and students. Data were collected using an online questionnaire administered and distributed through the Qualtrics platform. The study recruited 173 participants from different countries and from different Saudi regions, most of whom were faculty members (n = 83). Results indicated significant differences between regions; the mean attitude score for the Western region (M 3.23) was significantly higher than that for other regions (M 3.08, p = 0.030). There was also an association between education level and number of vaccine doses received. Thus, the participants with higher education were the most compliant with national vaccination requirements (p = 0.004). Although the three professional groups reported social media as the most frequently reported source of information (p = 0.021), administrators were more likely to receive information from the MOH than other professional groups. Similarly, faculty members were more likely to receive information from colleagues and professional journals than the other two professional groups. Government officials should build public confidence through vaccination campaigns and devise effective health education programs to increase vaccination uptake. Authorized institutions can effectively use social media platforms to encourage vaccination and promote awareness among all audiences.

Assessment of Oral Hygiene Practices and the Factors Influencing Selection of Tooth and Interdental-Cleaning Devises: A Cross Sectional Survey of Pakistani Adults

Objective: The current study aimed at determining and characterizing the oral hygiene habits and behaviors of a subset of Pakistani population seeking dental care at a private hospital in Karachi. Study Design: Cross-sectional survey. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the department of Oral Medicine and Diagnosis in Dental Out-Patient-Department of Ziauddin University Karachi from January 2022 to July 2022. Methodology: A total of 530 adult males and females who visited Ziauddin Dental Out-patient-department (OPD) were recruited using non-probability consecutive sampling, as a representative sample of the Pakistani population. After obtaining an informed consent, interviews using a structured questionnaire were conducted. Data analysis was performed with SPSS version 22. Results: The majority of the subjects interviewed (58.3%) use toothbrush, while 5.8% use miswak, 23.2% use both toothbrush and miswak, and 5.5% use their fingers to clean their teeth. There was no significant difference in selection of oral hygiene device between genders, age groups, level of education, and social economic status. To clean interdental areas, majority participants use toothpicks (39.6%), 13.4% use dental floss, 4.5% use interdental brush while 34.1% use none. 14.3% of the participants reported that they use a mouth-rinse. Conclusion: An assessment of oral hygiene practices serves as a guide for designing effective health education programs that fulfils the periodontal requirements of the target population. Efforts should be made to promote the correct brushing techniques and timings and implement the usage of interdental cleaning aids. Keywords: dental health education, miswak, toothbrushing, floss, mouth rinse

Knowledge, attitude, practice and associated factors towards COVID-19 and its prevention measures among residents of Mekelle City, Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia: acommunity-based cross sectional study.

The emerging respiratory disease known as the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) became a global concern and was declared as a global health emergency by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2022. This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice and associated factors toward COVID-19 and its prevention measures among residents of Mekelle city, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 604 residents of selected kebelles in Mekelle city, Tigray region from April to February 2022. A structured questionnaire and observation check list were used to collect the data. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used with SPSS version 25 to identify factors associated with the outcome variables. A total of 604 residents wereparticipated in the study with 100% response. Among the total study participants (n = 604), 74.2%, 58.8%, and 39.2%, of them had good knowledge, a positive attitude, and good practice toward COVID-19 and its preventive measures, respectively. Results from the multivariate analysis showed that age, level of education, and family size were found to be significantly associated with good knowledge of study participants toward COVID-19. Additionally, occupation, family size, income level, and having knowledge about COVID-19 were significant factors associated with the attitude of the study participants toward COVID-19. Moreover, practice of study participants to prevent COVID-19 was also significantly associated with educational status, occupation status, income level, and having a positive attitude about the practice toward COVID-19 prevention. This study result revealed that the study participants' knowledge and attitude regarding COVID-19 were good. However, their practice toward COVID-19 and its preventive measure was poor, which will affect combating the pandemic. Therefore, continuous and effective public health education programs, community mobilization, law enforcements, and breaking siege and allowing all types of humanitarian aids in the region are urgently needed to improve knowledge, attitude, and practices toward COVID-19 and its preventive measures among the residents. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10389-023-01826-3.

Effectiveness of a school-based health education program to improve the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome in high school girls in Ilam.

The premenstrual syndrome happens periodically and affects both the individual and family. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the health education program on reducing premenstrual syndrome in high school girls in Ilam. This experimental study was conducted in girls' high schools in Ilam, in 2017-2018. In total, 120 students were enrolled in the study (intervention group = 61 and control group = 59) and selected through convenience sampling. In this study, a standard Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST) was used to diagnose students with premenstrual syndrome or Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD). The educational program for the intervention group was held in four sessions of 30 min for 4 consecutive weeks. The obtained data were analyzed by the SPSS statistical software at a significance level of less than 0.05. The results showed a significant difference in the proportion of cases with moderate and severe PMS and PMDD between intervention and control groups in follow-up (P < 0.001). However, these proportions were not significantly different between the two groups in the baseline. According to the results, the educational program can be recommended as an effective intervention for girls with moderate-to-severe premenstrual symptoms and premenstrual dysphoric disorder.

Effect of Health Education Program on Self-Efficacy and Functional Capacity of Patients with Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery in Khartoum State-Sudan, 2015-2019

Effect of Health Education Program on Self-Efficacy and Functional Capacity of Patients with Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery in Khartoum State-Sudan, 2015-2019

Designing Effective Health Education Programs: A Review of Current Research and Best Practices

Health education programs are an essential component of public health interventions aimed at promoting health and preventing disease. Designing effective health education programs requires careful planning and consideration of various factors, such as target audience, program goals, content, and delivery methods. This review paper provides an overview of the key considerations in designing health education programs and summarizes the existing literature on effective program design. The paper highlights the importance of considering cultural and contextual factors, engaging stakeholders in program development, and using evidence-based strategies to promote behavior change. Overall, the paper provides insights into the challenges and opportunities of designing health education programs that can improve health outcomes and reduce health disparities.