Effectiveness Of Fissure Sealants Research Articles

Effectiveness of Fissure Sealant in Preventing Caries in Children

The main aim of this study was to evaluate the retention and effectiveness of fissure sealant
 Fisseal Extra (ProMedica, Germany) in prevention of caries in school children in
 Thamar, Yemen. Eighty five children aged 5- 12 years were selected randomly from different schools of Thamar and examined. Using a splitmouth design, the experimental teeth (maxillary and mandibular premolar and molar) were sealed with fissure sealant; while, teeth of another side of mouth acted as control group. The retention and effectiveness of sealant were carefully inspected after 1, 3, 6 and 9 months.
 The results revealed that, after 9 month, the retention and effectiveness rate was 98.3 and
 96.9 percent respectively. Statistically, there was no significant difference between the different groups (P< 0.05). The fissure sealant showed high rate of retention and effectiveness and this could be useful in control and prevention of caries in school children.

Evaluation of Dental Students' Awareness and Attitude About Preventive Dental Treatments: Survey Research

Aim: Determination of dental students' approaches to fissure sealant applications; the widespread use and evaluation of their effectiveness of protective dental practices is extremely important. This research aims to evaluate the level of understanding and clinical attitudes of 3rd, 4th and 5th grade students of Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Dentistry on preventive dental treatments. Methods: The first part of the questionnaire consists of 10 questions aimed at assessing the students' technical levels of knowledge with data on age, gender and educational level. In the second section analyzing students' clinical behaviors, 11 questions were asked for answers to multiple choices (always, often, sometimes, never). This questionnaire was used on the internet in an anonymous way. Results: The questionnaire was received by 68 3rd grade, 67 4th grade and 75 5th grade students who were previously educated on fissure sealant applications. The vast majority (96.2 percent) of the students involved in the study indicated that the effectiveness of fissure sealants in preventing the development of tooth decay was confirmed by strong scientific evidence. Again, 99.5 percent of the students participating in the study indicated that the justification of the application procedures for the fissure sealant was identified and understood. With the assumption that only new teeth can be applied to fissure sealants, a statistically significant difference between the classes was observed (p<0.05); 3rd graders responded "yes" mainly. Conclusion: Although dental students have sufficient knowledge of protective dental practices and fissure sealants, variations in understanding and implementing clinical practice procedures may be found between classes. Standardization should be provided and education / lectures on preventive dental practices should be increased to obtain the equivalent of theoretical education at the clinical level.

Effectiveness of fissure sealants on initial caries lesions (ICDAS 1-3) of permanent molars: A 4-year follow-up.

The aim of the present prospective study was to evaluate the retention and effectiveness of two types of sealants (clear vs. opaque) on early pit and fissure occlusal non-cavitated ICDAS II #1-3, caries lesions of permanent posterior teeth of children. Study Design: 6986 pit and fissure occlusal surfaces were randomly sealed with clear or opaque sealants out of which, 5828 sealants were placed on sound and 1158 on questionable surfaces, while 3508 were clear and 3478 opaque sealants. The mean age of the sample at initial sealant placement was 9.5 (±2.9) years and the follow-up time was 12-48 months. The median (IQR, range) follow-up time was 17.9 (8.7-28.6) months. Study inclusion and exclusion criteria applied to the combined database in order to select the study sample. Teethmate™ F-1 natural and opaque sealants (Kuraray, Hattersheim am Main, Germany) were applied following the standard procedure of preparation with moisture control kept by cotton rolls handled Dri-Angles" and a 30 seconds acid-etch with 37% ortho-phosphoric acid gel was used followed by 10 sec air-water spraying washing and polymerization for 20x2 sec. Sealants were applied on sound tooth surfaces (ICDAS #0) with no visible defects or on surfaces with early caries lesions (ICDAS #1-3), randomly and interchangeably on the upper or lower Jaw. Total retention was considered when all pits and fissures were completely sealed, while partial or complete loss was scored as one code, although was registered separately. Separate analyses were performed for each type of failure (loss of sealant or restoration). Cumulative probabilities of failure over time after sealant placement, overall or by specific characteristics, were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Association between these characteristics and the hazard of failure were investigated using appropriate Cox proportional hazard models. Sealed surfaces with ICDAS II # 1-3, showed 100% higher probability of having a restoration and 60% higher probability of sealant loss, with both differences being statistically significant (aHR=2.03, p=0.046), adjusted for age, sex, type of sealant and location of surface. Opaque sealants presented statistically significant (p 0.009) higher re-application rate, while fissures had 70% statistically significant (p<0.001) higher probability for resealing with time compared to pits, with gender not affecting sealant retention while the earlier a sealant was placed on children's teeth, the more probable it was to need resealing or restoration (p <0.012). The therapeutic use of sealants on occlusal surfaces of posterior permanent molars with early carious lesions (ICDAS II 1-3) is inferior compared to sound surfaces, showing higher sealant failures and restorations.

Performance of fissure sealants on fully erupted permanent molars with incipient carious lesions: A glass-ionomer-based versus a resin-based sealant.

Background. The effectiveness of fissure sealants in caries prevention depends on their long-term retention and ability to stop caries progression. This randomized controlled clinical trial compared the retention rate and cariostatic properties of a contemporary glass-ionomer-based sealant (GIS) versus a resin-based sealant (RS) placed on fully erupted permanent molars in a split-mouth design. Methods. The sealants were placed on fully erupted permanent teeth (8‒12 years of age) in 45 children. The evaluation was conducted after one week and three and six months. Results. There was a statistically significant difference in the retention rate and caries transition between the two groups over a six-month clinical evaluation period. The resin-based sealant group showed a better retention rate than the GIS group (75.56% and 48.88%, respectively). The resin-based sealant was superior to GIS in preventing caries progression. Conclusion. Resin-based fissure sealant with fluoride releasing properties might be preferable in preventing caries progression of incipient non-cavitated carious lesions in fully-erupted teeth.

Studies Reporting Quality as a Major Challenges in Conducting Meta-Analysis: An experience in Effectiveness of fissure sealant and fluoride varnish in preventing dental caries

Studies Reporting Quality as a Major Challenges in Conducting Meta-Analysis: An experience in Effectiveness of fissure sealant and fluoride varnish in preventing dental caries

The clinical effects of laser preparation of tooth surfaces for fissure sealants placement: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundThis systematic review aimed to assess the clinical effects of laser preparation compared to other types of chemical or mechanical preparation of tooth surfaces used in fissure sealant placement.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted up to January 2019, through Pubmed, Scopus, Medline/EMBASE via OVID and the Cochrane library. Only randomized clinical trials were included.ResultsFive studies were included in the systematic review and three were included in the meta-analysis. All the studies used acid-etching as a comparator to lasers. All the included studies were rated as having an overall high risk of bias introduced by performance bias. Three studies assessed the clinical effects of fissure sealants placed by acid or laser etching, one compared acid etching versus laser combined with acid etching and one investigated the influence of lasers on the objective and subjective parameters of stress during sealant application in children. The meta-analysis showed no significant difference between laser preparation and conventional acid-etching preparation at 3- (P = 0.08), 6- (P = 0.49), and 12-month (P = 0.87) follow-ups. One study reported that laser preparation as an adjunct to acid-etching enhanced the retention rate. No significant difference in the incidence of caries was reported. And no significant differences were found in heart rates, oxygen saturation or degree of the patient dental anxiety between acid-etching and laser preparation.ConclusionThe present limited evidence suggests that lasers could be an effective pretreatment method. The retention rate was similar to that of conventional acid etching. However, the included studies had an overall high risk of bias and more rigorously designed research is needed.

Preventive effect of fissure sealant on dental caries - Long-term observation results on Juvenile First Molars

Preventive effect of fissure sealant on dental caries - Long-term observation results on Juvenile First Molars

Sealing effectiveness of fissure sealants bonded with universal adhesive systems: influence of different etching modes

This study compared the sealing effectiveness of fissure sealants bonded to enamel with universal adhesive systems applied in self-etch (SE) or etch-and-rinse (ER) modes. Extracted human molars (n = 216), were randomly assigned into nine groups with respect to etching mode, adhesive system, and the sealant material used (Clinpro/3 M or Giomer-Based BeautiSealant/Shofu): (1) ER + Clinpro (Control); (2) SE/Single Bond Universal (SBU) + ClinPro; (3) ER + SBU + Clinpro; (4) SE/All Bond Universal (ABU) + Clinpro; (5) ER + ABU + Clinpro; (6) SE/Clearfil Universal Bond (CUB) + Clinpro; (7) ER + CUB + Clinpro; (8) SE + BeautiSealant Primer + BeautiSealant; (9) ER/BeautiSealant Primer + BeautiSealant. Following thermocycling (1000X) and storage in 0.5% basic fuchsin, microleakage was evaluated quantitatively on tooth sections using imageJ analysis toolkit, and the data were analyzed statistically. The ER Mode significantly reduced the microleakage of universal adhesives. The following statistical ranking was observed with regard to the sealing effectiveness: ER + SBU + Clinpro = ER + ABU + Clinpro = SE/SBU + Clinpro = ER + CUB + Clinpro > SE/ABU + Clinpro = SE/CUB + Clinpro > ER + BeautiSealant Primer + BeautiSealant = ER + Clinpro (Control) = SE/BeautiSealant Primer + BeautiSealant. While the tested universal adhesives showed less microleakage on pre-etched enamel, the sealing effectiveness of SBU under SE mode was similar to all universal adhesives under ER mode. In both ER and SE modes, the sealing effectiveness of the giomer-based sealant was comparable to the control group.

Effectiveness of fissure sealants in children with high caries risk - a case-control study

Effectiveness of fissure sealants in children with high caries risk - a case-control study

The Effect of Fissure Sealants on the Values of Two Different Caries Detection Devices

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of clear and opaque fissure sealants on readings of laser fluorescence (LF) and light-emitting diode (LED) based caries detection devices. When planning patient care, the practitioner needs to consider any changes in the status of the sealed surface for the long-term success of the sealant. As visual inspection is difficult to perform on sealed surfaces, adjunct diagnostic methods must be used to improve follow-up assessments and increase the accuracy of caries diagnosis. Forty-six freshly extracted permanent human molars were selected and divided into two groups. Each group was treated with a different sealant (clear and opaque). The teeth were measured twice by two blinded observers using an LF-based and an LED-based device before and after sealing. The data were analyzed using Wilcoxon's matched-pairs signed-rank test and a paired t-test. Cohen's κ and the intraclass correlation coefficient were used to examine intra- and inter-examiner repeatability. The values of the LED device were significantly higher after the application of the opaque sealant, but there was no statistically significant difference after the application of the clear sealant (p=0.15). The LF-based device readings were also significantly lower after both the clear and the opaque sealant applications (p<0.001). The readings from the LF-based device were affected by both sealants. The readings from the LED-based device were affected by the opaque sealant but not by the clear sealant.

Comparison of the effectiveness of fissure sealants in Finland, Sweden, and Greece

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of sealant treatment in preventing dental restorations due to caries in a practice-based research network in Finland, Sweden, and Greece. Material and methods. Times of tooth emergence, sealing treatment, and dental caries were compiled from the dental charts of 4735 subjects born in 1970–72 in Finland and in 1980–82 in Finland, Sweden, and Greece. Survival time between tooth emergence and placement of first restoration was measured and estimated using survival analysis methodology. Results. At the end of follow-up (7–10+ years), 30–40% of sealed molars and 60–80% of non-sealed molars were restored. Early sealant placement compared to late sealing did not result in significantly higher survival of 1st molars. The strategy of sealing the 1st molars only in high caries risk subjects was as effective as sealing all the molars and premolars routinely without caries risk determination. Conclusions. The sealing of all molar fissures proved to be no more effective than sealing risk fissures of subjects. Early sealing did not result in any better outcome than late sealing. The effectiveness of sealant treatment in preventing dental restorations is dependent on the caries risk of individuals and caries prevalence of the country.

The effectiveness of fissure sealants

Data sources Sources were Medline, the Cochrane Library, reference lists of identified articles and selected textbooks.Study selection Selected studies were randomised clinical trials (RCT), quasi-RCT or controlled clinical trials that compared fissure sealing with no treatment or another preventive treatment, in children of up to 14 years of age at the beginning of study, with clearly described diagnostic criteria, and with at least 2 years follow-up. Studies reported in Danish, English, French, German, Italian, Norwegian, Spanish or Swedish were considered.Data extraction and synthesis Inclusion decisions and grading of the studies was done independently by two of the authors. The main outcome was caries increment and the measure of treatment effect was either relative risk (RR) reduction or prevented faction. A pooled estimate was calculated for studies using resin-based materials.Results Thirteen studies were included, eight of which used resin-based material and were selected for meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of effect for a single application of resin-based sealant on first permanent molars showed the RR of developing caries in sealed teeth relative to controls was 0.67 (95% confidence interval, 0.55–0.83), a reduction in RR of 33%. For repeated applications, the reduction in RR varied from 69 to 93%.Conclusions The review provides limited evidence that fissure sealing of first permanent molars with resin-based materials has a caries-preventive effect. The evidence is incomplete for second permanent molars, premolars and primary molars and for glass ionomer cements. Overall, there remains a need for further trials of high quality, particularly in child populations of both low and high caries risk.

Caries‐preventive effect of fissure sealants: a systematic review

The objectives of this study were to evaluate systematically the evidence of the caries‐preventive effect of fissure sealing of occlusal tooth surfaces and to examine factors potentially modifying the effect. The search strategies included electronic databases, reference lists of articles, and selected textbooks. Inclusion criteria were randomized or quasi‐randomized clinical trials or controlled clinical trials comparing fissure sealing with no treatment or another preventive treatment in children up to 14 years of age at the start; the outcome measure was caries increment; the diagnostic criteria had been described; and the follow‐up time was at least 2 years. Inclusion decisions were taken and grading of the studies was done independently by two of the authors. The main measure of effect was relative risk reduction. Thirteen studies using resin‐based or glass ionomer sealant materials were included in the final analysis. The results showed that most studies were performed during the 1970s and a single application had been utilized. The relative caries risk reduction pooled estimate of resin‐based sealants on permanent 1st molars was 33% (relative risk=0.67; CI=0.55-0.83). The effect depended on retention of the sealant. In conclusion, the review suggests limited evidence that fissure sealing of 1st permanent molars with resin‐based materials has a caries‐preventive effect. The evidence is incomplete for permanent 2nd molars, premolars and primary molars and for glass ionomer cements. Overall, there remains a need for further trials of high quality, particularly in child populations with a low and a high caries risk, respectively.

On the retention and effectiveness of fissure sealant in permanent molars after 15-20 years: a cohort study.

The aim of the present study was to clinically evaluate fissure sealants on the occlusal fissures and buccal pits of permanent first and second molars after 20 and 15 years, respectively. The population consisted of 72 children, each of whom had had their four first molars sealed between 1977 and 1980. At the annual examinations, all caries-free, newly erupted second molars were sealed. When sealant was applied to the second molars, the first molars were checked and sealant was reapplied to those that had deficient sealants. At the follow-up, when the subjects were 26-27 years of age, 27 in the original group had moved from the community. Thus, the present result is based on 45 subjects. One hundred and fifty-three sealed first molars and 161 sealed second molars were available for inspection. At the follow-up examination of the first molars 20 years after sealant had been applied, 65% showed complete retention, 22% partial retention without caries, and 13% caries or restoration in the occlusal fissures or buccal pits. At the 15-year follow-up of the second molars, the corresponding figures were 65%, 30%, and 5%, respectively. Of the restored or carious molars, significantly more were found in the mandible than in the maxilla (P<0.001). This longitudinal study showed that pit and fissure sealants--applied during childhood--have a longlasting, caries-preventive effect.

Effectiveness of fissure sealant 3 years after application.

Findings 3 years after the application of a fissure sealant revealed that of the 166 sealed permanent first molars, 7.8% of the sealants were missing or partly missing, 14.5% were in fair condition, and 77.8% had remained in good condition. During the 3-year test period, 7.8% of the sealed permanent molars had become carious, while 63.3% of the respective control teeth had decayed. The teeth which had sealants in good condition showed no caries, whereas 92.3% of the teeth which had sealants missing or partly missing showed carious fissures. The net gain in the study was 104, and the percentage effectiveness of the method was 88.1%. The treatment effect was found to be very significant when analyzed on the basis of homologous paired test-control teeth (P less than 0.001). The sealing of pits and fissures was found to have a positive treatment effect on 60.2% of the subjects when evaluated on an individual basis (0.1 less than P less than 0.05).

A preliminary report on the effect of fissure sealant on bacteria in dental caries

A preliminary report on the effect of fissure sealant on bacteria in dental caries