Compensation Effect Research Articles

Student (dis)satisfaction in UK higher education: teaching-only contracts, esteem uncertainty and research intensity

ABSTRACT This study investigates the impact of teaching-only contracts on student satisfaction in UK Higher Education, with a focus on esteem uncertainty through the lens of asset specificity. Utilising an institutional-level student dissatisfaction index, we analyse the combined effects of teaching-only contracts, faculty compensation and research intensity. The findings suggest that while teaching-only contracts can enhance student satisfaction by encouraging pedagogical innovation, their positive impacts are at risk of being diminished by issues of esteem uncertainty, especially due to limited opportunities for career advancement and institutional focus on research. Our study provides valuable insights for Higher Education policymakers, underlining the importance of addressing the esteem-related challenges academic staff face. By incorporating these factors into policy decisions, it’s possible to bolster educational quality and improve student experiences, ensuring that the advantages of teaching specialisation are not undermined by wider institutional practices.

A Study on the Impact of Different Delay Times on Rock Mass Throwing and Movement Characteristics Based on the FEM–SPH Method

Burst morphology is a crucial indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of blasting, as it directly reflects the actual state of the blasting results. The results of rock displacement following blasting partially reflect the effectiveness of throw blasting, while the rock ejection process serves as the macroscopic manifestation of the blasting method. To accurately assess the impact of different delay times on burst formation, this study addressed the issues of rock movement and ejection in underground blasting. Using three-dimensional modeling, we constructed a FEM–SPH model and utilized LS-DYNA numerical simulation software to investigate the movement patterns of rock in precise delayed blasting scenarios underground. This study explored the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of rock movement post-blasting. Digital electronic detonators were used to set precise inter-row delay times of 25 ms, 50 ms, and 75 ms. The results revealed that the ejection distance of blasted rock in underground mining increased with longer inter-row delay times, while the slope angle of the blasted muck pile decreased as the delay time increased. Furthermore, at a micro level, the study found that a 75 ms delay created new free surfaces, providing effective compensation space for subsequent blasts, thereby improving blasting outcomes. Analysis of the 25 ms and 50 ms delay periods indicated a clamping effect on rock movement. Field comparisons of blasting results were conducted to validate the influence of precise delay times on the movement patterns and spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of blasted rock.

Induced Charge Compensation effect for Boosting Photocatalytic Water Splitting in Covalent Organic Frameworks

Imine‐based covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are promising for photocatalytic water splitting, but their performance is often constrained by inefficient charge separation due to the high electron localization nature of polar imine bonds. In this study, we have optimized the electron delocalization across the imine linkage within a COF by implementing a charge compensation effect. This effect is achieved when a strong electron‐donating thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene linker is directly attached to the iminic carbon of a zinc‐porphyrinic COF. This modification significantly reduces the electron binding effect within the imine bonds of the COF, facilitating both in‐plane charge separation and out‐plane charge transfer to the catalytic site. Conversely, the use of strong electron‐withdrawing pyrizine linker aggravates the electron localization at the imine linkage in the ZnP‐Pz variant. Consequently, ZnP‐Tt shows a substantially improved photocatalytic water‐splitting activity under visible light irradiation, with a hydrogen evolution of 44288 ± 2280 μmol g–1 in 4 h, which exceeds the ZnP‐Pz counterpart by a factor of 10. These results offer fresh perspectives for the design of imine‐based COFs to overcome their limitations in charge separation efficiency.

Role of ATP citrate lyase and its complementary partner on fatty acid synthesis in gastric cancer

ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) and acyl-CoA short-chain synthetases 2 (ACSS2) are key enzymes in lipid metabolism. We explored the role of ACLY in gastric cancer (GC) and the effect of ACLY and ACSS2 compensation on GC growth. We used immunohistochemistry to verify the expression level of ACLY in GC, shRNA to stably knock down the expression level of ACLY in GC cells. The expression levels of lipid metabolizing enzymes were verified by qPCR and WB, and targeted lipidomics and quantification of lipid metabolism-related indicators helped us to understand the changes in lipid metabolism. Finally, subcutaneous graft tumors validate our findings from in vitro experiments. ACLY is upregulated in GC tissues, downregulation of ACLY reduced lipid accumulation and inhibited GC proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. ACSS2 maintains cell growth by compensatory elevation to maintain fatty acid synthesis activity in ACLY-depleted GC cells. Inhibition of ACSS2 enhanced the inhibitory effect of downregulation of ACLY on the growth of transplanted tumors in nude mice. Downregulation of ACLY inhibited GC cell growth in vitro and in vivo. ACSS2 was compensated to increase to maintain cell growth in ACLY-depleted GC cells.

Pengaruh Motivasi, Disiplin, dan Kompensasi Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Puskesmas Dum Distrik Sorong Kepulauan Kota Sorong

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of motivation, discipline and compensation on employee performance at Dum Public Health Center, Sorong Islands District, Sorong City. The type of research conducted is quantitative descriptive analysis. Sampling of data by distributing questionnaires to 70 employees at Dum Health Center. The results showed that motivation (X1) had a positive effect on the performance (Y) of Dum Health Center employees. Discipline (X2) has a positive and significant effect on the performance (Y) of Dum Health Center employees. Compensation (X3) has a positive and significant effect on the performance (Y) of Dum Health Center employees. Simultaneously Motivation (X1), Discipline (X2), and Compensation (X3) have a positive and significant effect on the Performance (Y) of Dum Health Center employees.

Pengaruh Kompensasi dan Dukungan Manajerial Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan: Studi Kasus pada Karyawan CV. Indo Bata Beton

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Compensation and managerial support on employee job satisfaction at CV. Indo Bata Beton. The method used is a quantitative approach, including several linear regression tests and classical assumption tests. The sample size consists of 36 respondents. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires distributed to respondents, using a Likert scale of 1-5. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 27 software. The results of the study show that Compensation has a significant positive effect on job satisfaction of employees at CV. Indo Bata Beton, both partially and simultaneously, while managerial support does not significantly affect job satisfaction. However, Compensation and Managerial Support can predict the level of job satisfaction.

Long-term water quality dynamics and trend assessment reveal the effectiveness of ecological compensation: Insights from China’s first cross-provincial compensation watershed

Long-term water quality dynamics and trend assessment reveal the effectiveness of ecological compensation: Insights from China’s first cross-provincial compensation watershed

The Effect Of Work Competency And Compensation On Teachers' Organizational Commitment

Commitment to each member of the organization is very important because with a commitment, a member of the organization can be more responsible for his work. This study aims to determine: The Effect of Work Competence and Compensation on Organizational Commitment moderated by Job Satisfaction of Junior High School Teachers in Bandar Pasir Mandoge District. The population of this study was all Junior High School teachers in Bandar Pasir Mandoge District, totaling 79 teachers, while the sample taken from the entire population was 79 people by taking a census sample. Data were collected using a questionnaire filled out by respondents from teachers, then the data was processed using regression analysis. The results of the study showed that: work competence (X1) has a direct positive effect on organizational commitment (Y) shown that = 0.238 and significance> 0.05; compensation (X2) has a direct positive effect on organizational commitment (Y) shown that = 0.337 and significance> 0.05. .

Pengaruh Kompensasi, Kompetensi, dan Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Komitmen Organisasional (studi pada PT. Pos Indonesia cabang Erlangga Semarang)

This study was conducted to analyse effect of compensation, competence, and job satisfaction on the organizational commitment of PT. Pos Indonesia Erlangga Branch Semarang and the sample used is 102 employees. This study uses primary data and data collection methods using questionnaire. The results of data processing are in the form of respondent descriptions, variable descriptions, validity test results, reliability test results, F test results, coefficient of determination test results (R2), and hypothesis test results. The results show that compensation variable has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment, competence variable has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment, and job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment

Preparation of a novel enzyme-modified cheddar cheese: Molecular mechanism of cheese flavor compensation by synergistic action of cell-free extracts and enzyme systems

A novel enzyme-modified cheddar cheese was prepared and the molecular mechanism of cheese flavor compensation by synergistic action of cell-free extracts and enzyme systems was investigated. By comparing five different protease-peptidase combinations, the group of neutral protease and flavor protease was found to increase the total leucine, valine, and isoleucine content (17.056 ± 0.136 g/kg) and the soluble nitrogen content was up to the level of a 12-month-matured cheese. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated their mode of action on four monomeric caseins. Adding a cell-free extract resulted in volatile flavor substances in the enzyme-modified cheese that were closest to those in the 12-month-matured cheese. This might be due to the flavor compensation effect of the conversion of leucine to 3-methylbutyraldehyde by transaminases and decarboxylases, and the conversion of 3-methylbutyric acid to 3-methylbutyraldehyde by ketoacid dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase. This is essential for the enzyme modified cheddar cheese preparation.

Full-range displacement sensor with dual FBGs combined cantilever beam based on magnetic grating

We propose a full-range displacement sensor system based on double fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) with a cantilever beam. This sensor adopts a magnetic scale as a unique transmission mechanism. By combining a simple and low-cost cantilever beam structure makes the sensing probe very easy to realize. The optimal magnetic gap was explored through multiple sets of numerical simulations. The experiment proved the sine relationship between the center wavelength shifts of FBGs and the linear displacement, proving the feasibility of this method. Results indicate that the amplitude of the tensile compression load of FBGs are 169.76 με and 296.12 με. The fitting linearity based on sinusoidal function at an air gap of 3.5 mm is 0.9663 and 0.9566. The direction of motion can be determined by the phase difference between two FBGs. Moreover, the difference of double FBGs can realize the effect of temperature compensation. Thus, this sensor can achieve non-contact, temperature-independent, and full-range measurements. It can also be exploited to measure other parameters such as angular velocity, acceleration, and magnetic field strength.

A systematic review of incentive schemes and their implications for truck driver safety performance

Introduction: This systematic review investigates the effects of monetary and non-monetary incentive schemes on the safety performance of truck drivers, a critical concern within the road freight industry. Method: The review analyzes 18 studies and dissects the impact of compensation levels, compensation methods, and non-monetary benefits on drivers’ safety behaviors. Results: The findings show that, in general, higher levels of compensation, both through selection and incentive effects, enhance safety performance by attracting more skilled drivers and incentivizing adherence to safety protocols. However, the structure of these compensations, particularly piece-rate wages, and payment for non-driving hours, reveals a double-edged sword; while incentivizing productivity, they inadvertently promote unsafe driving behaviors such as excessive speeding and insufficient rest due to economic pressures. Conversely, non-monetary incentives, though under-researched, show potential for improving safety outcomes by enhancing job satisfaction and work environment quality. Practical applications: This review highlights the need for future research on safety incentives to evaluate the full extent of the intersection between incentives, safety culture, and working conditions. It advocates for holistic compensation strategies that foster a safety culture in the trucking industry, marking a new direction for improving driver behavior.

An improved digital predistortion scheme for nonlinear transmitters with limited bandwidth

In modern wireless communication systems, wide signal bandwidth is the most straightforward approach to accommodate high data rates. Wide signal bandwidth, on the other hand, introduces severe challenges to the power amplifier (PA) and digital predistortion (DPD) design in both performance and cost. Conventional DPD systems usually ignore the impact of the transmit low-pass filter (Tx LPF) bandwidth and assume the transmit bandwidth is sufficiently large. In wideband signal transmissions, the bandwidth of Tx LPF can become the system bottleneck, limiting DPDs compensation effects. Existing DPD studies mostly investigate the DPD with reduced feedback bandwidth. In this paper, we study the impact of Tx LPF bandwidth on the DPD performance. A full-band error minimization DPD based on direct learning structure is proposed. The DPD coefficients are estimated by minimizing the full-band error between the input signal and PA output signal in the frequency domain. Furthermore, we propose a weighted DPD with improved performance by introducing a weighting diagonal matrix to the error function. Compared to existing solutions, the weighted DPD achieves a good trade-off between the in-band distortion compensation and out-of-band spectral regrowth suppression. Simulations and experiments validate the effectiveness of the proposed DPD schemes.

Effect of thermal change on acoustoelastic effect in concrete

Acoustoelastic technology, which measures changes in ultrasonic wave velocity to determine structural stress, shows significant potential for assessing stress in concrete structures. However, environmental temperature variations can affect ultrasonic wave velocity, thereby influencing the accuracy of acoustoelastic measurements. This study examines the impact of thermal changes on ultrasonic wave velocity in concrete (thermo-acoustoelastic effect) and compares it with changes caused by stress variations (classical acoustoelastic effect). Theoretical expressions for both thermal and classical acoustoelastic effects in a natural coordinate system are derived, and the sensitivity coefficients for each effect are provided. Equivalent elastic constant method is proposed for preliminary numerical analysis of both effects. Experimental investigations further explore how the thermal changes influence the classical acoustoelastic effect. Results reveal that the velocity change due to a unit temperature variation is approximately 40 % of that caused by a unit stress variation. This underscores the significant impact of temperature fluctuations on the application of classical acoustoelastic technology and highlights the need for an effective temperature compensation mechanism to ensure measurement reliability. This finding is of substantial significance for advancing acoustoelasticity-based stress detection technology in concrete structures.

Compensation of temperature effects on imaging quality of thermal imaging objectives using deep learning techniques

Thermal imaging objectives are made from infrared materials with large thermal expansion coefficients, such as Ge, Si, and ZnSe. When the temperature changes, it leads to variations in the refractive index, curvature radius, and thickness of the lens, causing defocus shifts that degrade the image quality of the thermal imaging system. In this paper, we propose a novel method to compensate for the effects of temperature variations on the quality of thermal imaging objectives by using deep learning techniques. The temperature variations are measured using a thermal sensor. Subsequently, a U-Net network is employed to mitigate the impact of temperature on the imaging quality of the thermal imaging objectives without requiring any optical displacement or replacement of the lens. Simulation results show that the proposed method performs the effectively compensation for the influence of temperature changes on thermal imaging objective over a wide temperature range from -5 °C to 50 °C.

Linear-time quasi-static stability detection for modular self-reconfigurable robots

We address the problem of detecting potential instability in the planned motion of modular self-reconfigurable robots. Previous research primarily focused on determining the system’s unique physical state but overlooked the mutual compensation effects of connection constraints. We introduce a linear-time quasi-static stability detection method for modular self-reconfigurable robots. The internal connections, non-connected contacts, and environmental contacts are considered, and the problem is modeled as a second-order cone program problem, whose solving time linearly increases with the number of modules. We aim to determine the critical stable state of the system and that is achieved by finding the required minimum characteristic connection strength. By analyzing the critical stable state, we can assess the system’s stability and identify potential broken connection points. Furthermore, the internal stability margin is defined to evaluate the configuration’s stability level. The suspension and object manipulation configurations are first demonstrated in simulation to analyze the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Subsequently, a series of physical experiments based on FreeSN were carried out. The calculated stable motion ranges of manipulator configurations are highly consistent with the actual sampling boundaries. Moreover, the proposed algorithm successfully predicts stability and identifies broken connections in diverse configurations, encompassing quadruped and closed-chain configurations on both even and uneven terrains. The load experiment further demonstrates that the impacts from unmodeled factors and input errors under normal conditions can be on a small scale. By combining the proposed detection method and stability margin, we open the door to realizing real-time motion planning on modular self-reconfigurable robots.

Design of levitation controller for EMS maglev train with compensation of eddy current effect

ABSTRACT The Electro magnetic suspension (EMS) maglev train uses active control to achieve levitation stability, and the eddy current effect of the levitation electromagnet can make it difficult to adjust the control parameters of EMS maglev train, even affecting the levitation stability of EMS maglev train. Aiming at the control parameters of EMS maglev train under eddy current effect, an analytical expression of the levitation force considering eddy current effect was derived, and a single electromagnet levitation model was established. The influence of eddy current effect in the stability of open-loop levitation system was compared and analyzed. A fitting levitation control parameter was determined through a single levitation frame bench test, and the Simulink model of a single levitation frame was established. The different levitation control parameters effects considering eddy current effects at 200 km/h was studied comparatively, and a BP-PID adaptive controller was designed to adjust the controller parameters of EMS maglev train. The research results showed that the proposed BP-PID controller can effectively adjust control parameters to achieve effective compensation and optimization of the balance working point of the air gap caused by eddy current effect.

ScPharm: Identifying Pharmacological Subpopulations of Single Cells for Precision Medicine in Cancers.

Intratumour heterogeneity significantly hinders the efficacy of anticancer therapies. Compared with drug perturbation experiments, which yield pharmacological data at the bulk cell level, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology provides a means to capture molecular heterogeneity at single-cell resolution. Here, scPharm is introduced, a computational framework that integrates pharmacological profiles with scRNA-seq data to identify pharmacological subpopulations of cells within a tumour and prioritize tailored drugs. scPharm uses the normalized enrichment scores (NESs) determined from gene set enrichment analysisto assess the distribution of cell identity genes in drug response-determined gene lists. Based on the strong correlation between the NES and drug response at single-cell resolution, scPharm successfully identified the sensitive subpopulations in ER-positive and HER2-positive human breast cancer tissues, revealed dynamic changes in the resistant subpopulation of human PC9 cells treated with erlotinib,and expanded itsability to a mouse model. Its superior performance and computational efficiency are confirmed through comparative evaluations with other single-cell prediction tools. Additionally, scPharm predicted combination drug strategies by gauging compensation or booster effects between drugs and evaluated drug toxicity in healthy cells in the tumour microenvironment. Overall, scPharm provides a novel approach for precision medicine in cancers by revealing therapeutic heterogeneity at single-cell resolution.

Investigation of the micellization of cationic tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide in aqueous solution of crystal violet dye: Understanding of the impacts of alcohols and temperature

Exploring dye-surfactant interactions is crucial for understanding the properties of their mixtures in various applications. It is of utmost importance to explore the effects of experimental factors on the dye-surfactant interactions. This study examines the micellization of the cationic surfactant tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB) in the presence of crystal violet (CV) dye in different alcohol solutions including methanol (MeOH), ethanol (EtOH), 1-propanol (1-PrOH), and 1-butanol (1-BuOH). Through conductometric analysis, the effects of varying alcohol compositions and temperature on the critical micelle concentration (CMC), degree of ionization (α), counterion binding (β), and thermodynamic parameters (∆Gm0, ∆Hm0, and ∆Sm0) were investigated. The findings show that alcohol causes an increase in CMC, with longer-chain alcohols (1-PrOH and 1-BuOH) having a stronger effect on TTAB + CV aggregation. The CMC values of the investigated system in 5 % alcohol solutions were found to follow this order: CMC (aq. 1-BuOH) > CMC (aq. MeOH) > CMC (aq. EtOH) > CMC (aq. 1-PrOH). As temperature rises at a constant alcohol concentration, CMC initially decreases but then increases due to dehydration of the surfactant’s hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions. Thermodynamic analysis reveals that micellization is mainly entropy-driven at lower temperatures, with dominant hydrophobic interactions. As temperature increases, both enthalpy and entropy play significant roles, on the micellization to be occurred through hydrophobic and ion-induced dipole interactions. The molar heat capacity (∆Cm0) assessment indicates the identical orientation of the alcohol chain within the TTAB micellar core. The study also highlights the enthalpy-entropy compensation effect, revealing a strong correlation. By exploring these relationships between alcohol chain length and temperature with thermodynamic and physicochemical properties of surfactant systems, this research offers valuable insights for developing surfactant-based applications in academic and industrial fields.

Analysis of the Effect of Compensation and Incentives on Employee Job Satisfaction at PT. Longtun Karya Mandiri

This study aims to determine the effect of Compensation and Insentive on employee Job Satisfaction employees at PT. Longtun Karya Mandiri. The data collection method used is the census method using primary data collected directly from the respondents using a questionnaire. The type of research used in this research is associative research with a quantitative approach. The sample number in the study was 41 respondents. The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression analysis. Using SPSS version 26. The results of the analysis show that: (1) Compensation has a positive and significant effect on Job Satisfaction, (2) Insentive has a positive and significant effect on Job Satisfaction.