Effects Of Business Activities Research Articles

System approach to assessing the efficiency of manufacturing business

The purpose of this study is to theoretically and methodically substantiate the need to use a systematic approach to assessing the effectiveness of business activities. To achieve the goal of the scientific study, the main tasks were identified: to analyze the efficiency of working capital use, to study the return on fixed capital and to give a generalized assessment of the profitability of capital invested in business development. In accordance with the tasks outlined in the article, the main vectors of scientific research were identified, for which such analytical methods as comparison and generalization, deterministic factor analysis, and grouping of economic indicators were used. The key goal of any business, including manufacturing, is to increase profits and improve efficiency. In this regard, there is a need to evaluate business performance. In practice, such an assessment is usually based on the use of a basic indicator of profitability of production. However, this approach does not allow identifying and realistically assessing the main causes of certain changes in profitability. Given the importance of making management decisions for the future, a systematic approach should be used to assess the effectiveness of the production business. The system approach is based on the study of the dynamics of a number of indicators, answering the question of what is the level of return on total invested capital, working capital and fixed capital of the business. The article presents practical data of a production company with efficiency calculations using different methods: the traditional method and the method based on the system approach. The results of the calculations presented in the tables confirm the advantage of the system approach. The theoretical and methodological provisions discussed in the article, as well as the practical example given are the basis for recommendations for the use of the system approach in assessing the effectiveness of manufacturing business.

The effect of formalization in the enterprise

Formalization is one of the pillars of a bureaucratic company. It is manifested by a high number of formally given rules, procedures and written guidelines. These documents guide the way of employees’ conducting and their activities. Precisely defined rules determine the way of work and based on rules the activities are divided among the employees of the company. They feel that the rules are readable, clear and valid for everyone. Research shows a positive correlation between the effectiveness of business activities and the degree of formalization. On the other hand too detailed rules prevent creativity, initiative and self-development. Employees require rules and written materials from the sovereign’ supervisor to solve every problem, often one that the employees themselves can easily solve. Our contribution is dedicated to formalization and its impact on employee initiative to make changes in the organization. In a sample of 190 companies, we confirmed that with the increasing formalization, the initiative of employees to change has been decreasing.

CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT OF �GREEN� BUSINESS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT EXPERIENCE OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

Topicality. The actuality of problem of �green� business stimulation and creation of favourable climate rises nowadays because of the necessity of additional resources engaging in socio-economic development of Ukraine and due to the reform progress that causes new possibilities for communities �green� business. At the period of active global modernization of humanity in scientific and political circles, issues related to the "green" business began to be discussed more and more, in which the necessity of intensifying the development of the branches of the national economy, creation and increase of natural capital was foreseen. Aim and tasks. The article is devoted to defining features of �green� business and the basic tools of transformation in social-oriented system. The contradictions of its forming have been reflected. The perspectives of development of �green� business as functional form of �green� economy have been defined. Using three groups of tools: economic, marketing and corporate are proposed to improve the implementation of the basic principles of �green� business. Research results. Developed a conceptual model of development of entrepreneurship in the sphere of �green� business and as a result of the region whose main idea is to increase the level of interest in the development of business, government, based on certain criteria, through the promotion of entrepreneurship in the regions, as well as the result of which is the elimination of inconsistencies of socio-ecologic-economic development of regions by applying organizational and economic levers of influence. Usually, economic development, based on the principles of the "green" economy, is quite difficult to fulfill, since in the world models of megaeconomics and assess of their effectiveness are already formed. In global and domestic practice, the "green" business is becoming increasingly competitive every year. "Green" business is not only the refinement of income from the production of environmentally friendly products and the provision of environmental services, but also the preservation of the environment and natural resources. Conclusion. The article substantiates the expediency of the principles of sustainable development to preserve the environment and minimize environmental risks in the country's national strategy, regional development programs and strategies in Ukrainian companies. Green "business can be considered as a business activity, which is based on the recognition of the principle of non-alternative environmental activities. At the same time it is necessary to assimilate the potential of the natural environment in the form of expanded reproduction of business resources, and the most important criteria are the formation of systems for assessing the quality of the product, competitive advantages, investment attractiveness and the effectiveness of business activities in general.

Social dynamics surrounding oil exploitation in Colombia: a case study of BP’s activities in Casanare

Esta investigación interdisciplinar tiene por objetivo exponer la responsabilidad de las compañías petroleras que operan en países con tendencia al conflicto sobre la dinámica del conflicto en sí mismo y las violaciones de los derechos humanos. La investigación evalúa, en particular, el papel de la industria petrolífera en la dinámica del conflicto en Colombia. Basándose en dos viajes por separado a Colombia y las entrevistas realizadas allí, este trabajo defiende que las actividades petrolíferas han contribuido significativamente a exacerbar la violencia en las zonas productoras de petróleo y que la mayoría de las compañías petroleras han respondido de forma inapropiada a los riesgos sociales resultantes de operar en las regiones destruidas por la guerra. El estudio hace hincapié en la necesidad de un análisis de campo más profundo sobre el papel que juega el sector privado internacional en Colombia y la efectividad de las respuestas corporativas para mitigar o minimizar los efectos desestabilizadores de la actividad comercial. El análisis de la investigación se basa en el estudio del caso del departamento de Casanare que subraya la complejidad de estos temas en relación con las experiencias de BPXC.Publicación en línea: 11 diciembre 2017

AUDIT TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI PADA DEALER MOBIL XYZ DI BANDAR LAMPUNG DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN COBIT 4.1

Information technology is growing rapidly and greatly influences to improving the effieciency and effectiveness of business activities in developing the company. In this case, an information technology audit is needed to ensure the existing information technology, that has been already satisfy the common control standards and has the ability to compete in the business world. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the assessment and to make recommendations based on the analysis maturity level of IT in Car Dealer XYZ in Bandar Lampung according to the framework COBIT 4.1. Standard of COBIT 4.1 has parameters that can aid the assessment of an enterprise using a maturity model. This research finds that the result of maturity level of Car Dealer XYZ in Bandar Lampung is 4.02. This shows that Information Technology has been updated well where the procedures and policies have been done effectively, monitored and there are corrective actions are taken.

INNOVATIVE ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INVESTMENTS IN INNOVATIONS

This article discusses options for assessing the effectiveness of business activities in the field of innovation. For innovation it’s important to attract investment through investment project. To assess the effectiveness of investments is necessary to select proper investment project for implementation according to different criteria. The article describes the methodological approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of the investment project. It is recommended to use the index rate of return on capital and the discounted income as an additional indicator.

Wirtualne gry strategiczne – narzędzie edukacji przedsiębiorczej czy eksperymentalna metoda badawcza w badaniach nad przedsiębiorczością?

Wirtualne gry strategiczne są coraz częściej stosowanym narzędziem edukacyjnym, pozwalającym na podążanie za współczesnymi trendami w dydaktyce. Są jednak narzędziem innowacyjnym, stąd konieczna jest dyskusja nad możliwościami ich stosowania w edukacji przedsiębiorczej. Jednocześnie wydają się one być możliwe do zastosowania jako narzędzie badawcze, które wykorzystuje swego rodzaju eksperyment czy też quasi-eksperyment do badań nad przedsiębiorczością. W naukach ekonomicznych możliwości wykorzystania eksperymentu są ograniczone, gdyż musiałby być on stosowany na żywych organizmach przedsiębiorstw czy gospodarek. Tymczasem gry strategiczne, będące formą prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej w warunkach wirtualnych, a nie rzeczywistych, wydają się dawać korzyści badawcze wynikające z możliwości obserwowania zachowań i efektów aktywności przedsiębiorstw bez ponoszenia ryzyka i kosztów eksperymentu przez faktyczną firmę. Celem artykułu jest ocena możliwości wykorzystania gier strategicznych w edukacji przedsiębiorczej oraz w eksperymentalnych badaniach nad przedsiębiorczością. Artykuł opiera się na rozważaniach teoretycznych, popartych wynikami badań ankietowych i wynikami obserwacji zachowań studentów w czasie trwania rozgrywek wirtualnych gier strategicznych. Aby ocenić grę z punktu widzenia metodycznego, posłużono się przykładem badań nad orientacją przedsiębiorczą i porównano wyniki uzyskane na tej samej próbie badawczej za pomocą badań ankietowych i eksperymentalnych, traktując ten problem badawczy wyłącznie jako egzemplifikację możliwości eksperymentów przez gry strategiczne

Управление конкурентоспособностью организаций как условие обеспечения результативности их бизнес-деятельности

The effectiveness of business activities of the organizations is determined by the achievement of the goals and the realization of the planned tasks. The main objective of the business activities of the organization is making a profit; as a consequence, the effectiveness of business activity of the organization is determined by the fact of making a profit. In turn profit organization is formed under the influence of many groups of factors, among which the competitiveness of products and organization takes an important place. In the article authors consider the organization as an open system in the framework of a systematic approach, review the factors of formation the profit of organization and determine the dependence of the business performance of the organization by a factor of competitiveness management.

BUSINESS, HUMAN RIGHTS AND CHILDREN: THE DEVELOPING INTERNATIONAL AGENDA

The consideration of the role of the private business sector with regards to the fulfilment of children’s rights is relatively recent. International attention on the effects of business activities have on children has been fragmented until now, focussing on specific sectors, mainly child labour and economic exploitation. Recent international developments, addressed both to states and business enterprises, propose a more comprehensive approach. This article focuses on two of them: the UNICEF-Global Compact and Save the Children Children’s Rights and Business Principles (CRB Principles), launched in May 2012, and the Committee on the Rights of the Child’s General Comment No. 16 on state obligations regarding the impact of the business sector on children’s rights, published in April 2013. Both documents represent an important step in the consolidation of an international agenda for the protection of the rights of the child that takes into account the different challenges faced by children in the current economic system.

The Evolving Contours of the Board's Risk Management Function in UK Corporate Governance

The well-documented banking company failures that occurred in the UK over 2007 and 2008 have enhanced the perceived importance and scope of the risk management function performed by boards. It is consequently a universal expectation of non-executive directors (NEDs) today that they provide a high-level challenge to a company's executive on core business risks. This article examines the recent corporate governance reforms introduced by Sir David Walker in 2009 and the Financial Reporting Council (FRC) in 2010 as they relate to NEDs' evolving risk oversight role. It also documents the regulatory development of the board's risk management function in the UK prior to 2007, explains the impact of the UK banking collapses of 2007–08 in reframing boards' risk function, and also critically assesses the key Walker and FRC recommendations in this regard. It will be demonstrated that over recent years the board's internal control remit has shifted from one of risk management—denoting the mitigation of the extraneous adverse effects of business activities (with limited questioning of the viability of those underlying practices themselves)—to one of risk moderation—whereby the inherent riskiness of a firm's core entrepreneurial activities is now placed at the very centre of the board's risk compass. The article then explores the relationship between NEDs' extended risk management function today and the independent board paradigm that has been increasingly dominant within UK corporate governance over recent decades, and concludes with a prediction as to the future development of British board structures in light of the recent reforms.

Corporate Social Responsibility in Context: The Case for Compulsory Sustainability Disclosure for Listed Public Companies in Australia?

The impact of globalisation - and a greater understanding of the effects of business activities on the environment, local communities, developing nations, employees, customers, suppliers and creditors - has given additional impetus to the corporate social responsibility movement. Key concepts associated with corporate social responsibility are principles of accountability and responsibility to all legitimate stakeholders, and a willingness to engage in appropriate disclosure to such stakeholders. Thus there has been greater attention focused on the extent of disclosure listed public companies make about the environmental impacts of their business activities. This paper will discuss and analyse sustainability disclosure requirements for listed public companies in Australia in relation to environmental impacts, taking into account the findings of recent reviews of corporate social responsibility issues. Deficiencies associated with the existing regime of voluntary sustainability disclosure will be identified and discussed. The potential impact of mandatory sustainability reporting will then be addressed. This paper will conclude with a discussion of likely future developments.

Municipal Fiscal Structure in a Metropolitan Region

Previous articleNext article No AccessMunicipal Fiscal Structure in a Metropolitan RegionJulius MargolisJulius Margolis Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Journal of Political Economy Volume 65, Number 3Jun., 1957 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/257921 Views: 5Total views on this site Citations: 17Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1957 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Cheng Shi, Mengyang Liu, Yu Ye Measuring the Degree of Balance between Urban and Tourism Development: An Analytical Approach Using Cellular Data, Sustainability 13, no.1717 (Aug 2021): 9598.https://doi.org/10.3390/su13179598Jie Huang, Yujie Hu, Jiaoe Wang, Xiang Li A tale of two cities: Jobs–housing balance and urban spatial structures from the perspective of transit commuters, Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science 48, no.66 (Jul 2020): 1543–1557.https://doi.org/10.1177/2399808320938803Md Hamidur Rahman, Fajle Rabbi Ashik Is neighborhood level Jobs-Housing Balance associated with travel behavior of commuters?: a case study on Dhaka City, Bangladesh, GeoScape 14, no.22 (Dec 2020): 122–133.https://doi.org/10.2478/geosc-2020-0011S. Atif Bilal Aslam, Houshmand E. Masoumi, Syed Arif Hussain Urban travel characteristics in relation with jobs-housing balance and accessibility: results of a survey in Lahore, Pakistan, GeoScape 13, no.11 (Jul 2019): 31–54.https://doi.org/10.2478/geosc-2019-0003Jie Huang, David Levinson, Jiaoe Wang, Haitao Jin Job-worker spatial dynamics in Beijing: Insights from Smart Card Data, Cities 86 (Mar 2019): 83–93.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2018.11.021Keone Kelobonye, Feng Mao, Jianhong Xia, Mohammad Swapan, Gary McCarney The Impact of Employment Self-Sufficiency Measures on Commuting Time: Case Study of Perth, Australia, Sustainability 11, no.55 (Mar 2019): 1488.https://doi.org/10.3390/su11051488Miaoyi Li, Nawei Wu, Xiaoyong Tang, Jia Lu Understanding Job-Housing Relationship from Cell Phone Data Based on Hadoop, (Sep 2017): 359–387.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51929-6_19Qian Wu, Ming Zhang, Daniel Yang Jobs-Housing Balance: The Right Ratio for the Right Place, (Jan 2015): 311–333.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18470-8_18Hans R.A. Koster, Jan Rouwendal THE IMPACT OF MIXED LAND USE ON RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY VALUES*, Journal of Regional Science 52, no.55 (Jul 2012): 733–761.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9787.2012.00776.xJohn R. Logan, Mark Schneider SUBURBAN MUNICIPAL EXPENDITURES: THE EFFECTS OF BUSINESS ACTIVITY, FUNCTIONAL RESPONSIBILITY AND REGIONAL CONTEXT*, Policy Studies Journal 9, no.77 (Jun 1981): 1039–1050.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0072.1981.tb01212.xRichard D. Gustely The Allocational and Distributional Impacts of Governmental Consolidation, Urban Affairs Quarterly 12, no.33 (Aug 2016): 349–364.https://doi.org/10.1177/107808747701200307 John R. Logan Industrialization and the Stratification of Cities in Suburban Regions, American Journal of Sociology 82, no.22 (Oct 2015): 333–348.https://doi.org/10.1086/226312Harvey S. Perloff The Development of Urban Economics in the United States, Urban Studies 10, no.33 (Jul 2016): 289–301.https://doi.org/10.1080/00420987320080441James O’Connor Social Capital Expenditures: Social Consumption, (Jan 1973): 124–149.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-06273-7_6M. Edel Land values and the costs of urban congestion: Measurement and distribution, Social Science Information 10, no.66 (Dec 1971): 7–36.https://doi.org/10.1177/053901847101000601Timothy Schiltz, William Moffitt Inner-City/Outer-City Relationships in Metropolitan Areas, Urban Affairs Quarterly 7, no.11 (Aug 2016): 75–108.https://doi.org/10.1177/107808747100700105Hans-Wilkin von Borries Local Finance and Community Development, Journal of the American Institute of Planners 30, no.11 (Dec 2007): 34–45.https://doi.org/10.1080/01944366408978087