Effective Reactive Reserve Research Articles

A Reactive Power Reserve Constrained Optimum Reactive Power Dispatch Using Coronavirus Herd Immunity Optimizer

The Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch (ORPD) is a very important study in planning the power system operation. The conventional ORPD formulations focus only on driving the objective functions toward optima and ignore the benefits to retain adequate Reactive Power Reserve (RPR) in the system. Studies show that inadequate RPR can jeopardize the power system voltage security under stressed conditions. In view of this, a Reserve Constrained ORPD (RC-ORPD) is proposed in this paper and solved using the recently developed, Coronavirus Herd Immunity Optimizer (CHIO). For this purpose, the minimum required Effective Reactive Reserve (ERR) is devised and introduced as a constraint in the ORPD problems. Here, the minimization of power loss and L-index are taken as objective functions, and the problem is formulated as a non-linear constrained optimization problem. The proposed problem is tested on standard IEEE 30 bus and IEEE 57 bus systems. To assess the impact of the proposed strategy, the same problems are also solved by relaxing the ERR constraint. Comparisons reveal that the added constraint improves voltage stability linked parameters and offers more RPR in the system without sacrificing much on the optimum solution. Further, the proficiency of CHIO is verified through various case studies and comparisons.

A Reserve Constrained Optimum Reactive Power Dispatch in Wind-Integrated Power Systems Using Coronavirus Herd Immunity Optimizer

The optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) plays a significant role in planning stable and secure power system operations. The challenges associated with the stable operation of power system networks increase with the rise in wind energy penetration into the system. To guarantee the secure operation of wind-integrated power system networks, a scenario-based reserve constrained optimal reactive power dispatch (RC-ORPD) approach is proposed in this work. For this, the effect of uncertain wind power penetration on the effective reactive reserve (ERR) and voltage stability indicator (L-index) is assessed. The threshold ERR required to retain in the system is evaluated, and is incorporated as an additional constraint to the conventional ORPD problems. The proposed problem is modeled as a scenario-based non-linear complex optimization problem and is solved using a newly developed meta-heuristic called “Coronavirus Herd Immunity Optimizer (CHIO)”. Programs are developed in MATLAB and tested on the wind-integrated IEEE 30, IEEE 118, and practical Indian 62 bus systems. The anticipated strategy is validated through several case studies and comparisons. The comparison reveals that the newly added constraint improves the voltage stability of the wind-integrated power systems without negotiating much on the numerical values of the objectives. Also, the efficacy of the CHIO is verified through statistical studies and comparisons with other contemporary algorithms.