Effective Interaction Research Articles

Finsler–Randers–Sasaki gravity and cosmology

We present for the first time a Friedmann-like construction in the framework of an osculating Finsler–Randers–Sasaki (F–R–S) geometry. In particular, we consider a vector field in the metric on a Lorentz tangent bundle, and thus the curvatures of horizontal and vertical spaces, as well as the extra contributions of torsion and non-linear connection, provide an intrinsic richer geometrical structure, with additional degrees of freedom, that lead to extra terms in the field equations. Applying these modified field equations at a cosmological setup we extract the generalized Friedmann equations for the horizontal and vertical space, showing that we obtain an effective dark energy sector arising from the richer underlying structure of the tangent bundle. Additionally, as it is common in Finsler-like constructions, we obtain an effective interaction between matter and geometry. Finally, we consider a specific model and we show that it can describe the sequence of matter and dark-energy epochs, and that the dark-energy equation of state can lie in the quintessence or phantom regimes, or cross the phantom divide.

Investigating the dynamics of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) in rainfed agroecosystems: an in-depth analysis of yield gap and strategic exploration for enhanced production

IntroductionAddressing the global demand for rice production necessitates innovative approaches to enhance upland rice yield in rainfed agroecosystems, considering the challenges posed by increasing population, limited land fertility, low productivity, and water availability.MethodsIn this study, our study investigated the impact of biochar and organic fertilizer on ten promising rice lines (G1 – G10) and two control (G11 – G12) cultivars under rainfed conditions. The experimental design used a split-plot design with four soil amendments as main plots, namely control, organic fertilizer, biochar, and biochar + organic fertilizer and 12 rice genotypes as subplot.ResultsThe absolute attainable yield gaps, differentiating organic and control (GAP1), biochar + organic and control (GAP2), and biochar and control (GAP3), ranged from 1.5 to 3.7 or increased of 91–580%, 0.8 to 3.5 (72–560%), and 0.6 to 2.58 tons/ha (58–472%), respectively. Notably, G2 + organic exhibited the highest positive absolute yield gap, ranging from 1.1 to 5.38 tons/ha, based on the yield gap matrix. Furthermore, genotype main effect plus genotype-environment interaction (GGE) biplot analysis identified G2 as the most promising rice line, displaying superior yield performance for cultivation in biochar and organic amended soils.DiscussionThese findings provide valuable insights for farmers, governments, and stakeholders, offering a roadmap to optimize rainfed areas for rice production, serving as practical guidance to enhance overall rice productivity in rainfed agroecosystems.

Search of effective interaction in dipole bands of an odd–odd trans-lead Nucleus: the case of 204At

Role of effective interaction potential in shears band structure in [Formula: see text]At has been investigated in more detail than in previous studies. A semi-classical geometric model is used to obtain the interaction strengths between valence protons and neutron holes constituting the shears blades. The value produces overall good agreement with this region’s nuclei. Band crossing is observed in the spin-parity range [Formula: see text] – [Formula: see text]. Configurations of the Magnetic Rotational (MR) band are assigned in the light of the Shears mechanism with the Principal Axis Cranking (SPAC) model. Experimental rotational frequencies and the deduced ratio of [Formula: see text] are well reproduced by SPAC calculations, suggesting the dipole band in [Formula: see text]At can undoubtedly be interpreted as the MR band resulting from the effective interaction of repulsive potential.

EmoConnect: Nurturing Trust and Relationship Bonds in Alzheimer’s Conversations

Alzheimer's disease presents a global challenge, affecting the ability of individuals to communicate and trust their caregivers. Effective caregiver interactions are vital for emotional well-being in Alzheimer's patients. However, the progressive nature of the disease often leads to communication barriers and a lack of trust, exacerbated by the absence of objective trust assessment mechanisms. Additionally, patients are unable to recall past conversations. To address these challenges, EmoConnect proposes an innovative ML- based solution. EmoConnect solution involves the development of an ML based application that employs brain wave detection and analysis to objectively assess caregiver trustworthiness during interactions with Alzheimer's patients. It calculates a trustworthiness score, enhancing the quality of caregiving and promoting emotional well- being for both caregivers and patients. Furthermore, it stores the text of conversations alongside trust scores, enabling patients to access and review past interactions.

Vaccine communication strategies among healthcare workers as a reflection of the Israeli Ministry of Health’s communication strategies before and after the COVID-19 pandemic

BackgroundHealthcare workers play a central role in communicating information to the public regarding vaccines. Most of the literature has focused on healthcare workers’ hesitancy and doubts about getting the flu vaccine themselves. However, few studies have dealt with how they perceive their role in communicating information regarding vaccines, especially following the COVID-19 pandemic.Objectives(1) To identify the communication strategies used by the Israeli Ministry of Health regarding vaccines during epidemic crises (before and after the COVID-19 pandemic); (2) To identify the communication strategies used by healthcare workers regarding vaccines before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA qualitative study based on in-depth interviews was conducted among healthcare workers and used a semi-structured protocol as a research tool. A total of 18 healthcare workers were sampled using purposeful and snowball sampling.ResultsDespite healthcare workers’ perception that there has been a decrease in trust in the Israeli Ministry of Health among the public following the COVID-19 outbreak, they still rely on the Israeli Ministry of Health as their primary source of information and use the same communication strategies (such as fear appeals and correcting information) as of the Israeli Ministry of Health to communicate with the public, healthcare providers, and other relevant stakeholders.ConclusionHealthcare workers have been shaped by the professional socialization processes within the health system, leading to a predominant reliance on established communication strategies and informational channels. This reliance underscores the importance of evolving these methods to better engage with the public. To address this, there is a compelling need to innovate and adopt new communication techniques that emphasize effective dialogue and transparent interactions. By doing so, healthcare professionals can ensure that their outreach is not only informative but also responsive to the diverse needs and preferences of the community.

All-optical control of skyrmion configuration in CrI monolayer.

The potential for manipulating characteristics of skyrmions in a CrI monolayer using circularly polarised light is explored. The effective skyrmion-light interaction is mediated by bright excitons whose magnetization is selectively influenced by the polarization of photons. The light-induced skyrmion dynamics is illustrated by the dependencies of the skyrmion size and the skyrmion lifetime on the intensity and polarization of the incident light pulse. Two-dimensional magnets hosting excitons thus represent a promising platform for the control of topological magnetic structures by light.

HMMF: a hybrid multi-modal fusion framework for predicting drug side effect frequencies

BackgroundThe identification of drug side effects plays a critical role in drug repositioning and drug screening. While clinical experiments yield accurate and reliable information about drug-related side effects, they are costly and time-consuming. Computational models have emerged as a promising alternative to predict the frequency of drug-side effects. However, earlier research has primarily centered on extracting and utilizing representations of drugs, like molecular structure or interaction graphs, often neglecting the inherent biomedical semantics of drugs and side effects.ResultsTo address the previously mentioned issue, we introduce a hybrid multi-modal fusion framework (HMMF) for predicting drug side effect frequencies. Considering the wealth of biological and chemical semantic information related to drugs and side effects, incorporating multi-modal information offers additional, complementary semantics. HMMF utilizes various encoders to understand molecular structures, biomedical textual representations, and attribute similarities of both drugs and side effects. It then models drug-side effect interactions using both coarse and fine-grained fusion strategies, effectively integrating these multi-modal features.ConclusionsHMMF exhibits the ability to successfully detect previously unrecognized potential side effects, demonstrating superior performance over existing state-of-the-art methods across various evaluation metrics, including root mean squared error and area under receiver operating characteristic curve, and shows remarkable performance in cold-start scenarios.

The Human-Centred Design of a Universal Module for Artificial Intelligence Literacy in Tertiary Education Institutions

Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) is heralding a new era in AI for performing a spectrum of complex tasks that are indistinguishable from humans. Alongside language and text, Generative AI models have been built for all other modalities of digital data, image, video, audio, and code. The full extent of Generative AI and its opportunities, challenges, contributions, and risks are still being explored by academic researchers, industry practitioners, and government policymakers. While this deep understanding of Generative AI continues to evolve, the lack of fluency, literacy, and effective interaction with Generative and conventional AI technologies are common challenges across all domains. Tertiary education institutions are uniquely positioned to address this void. In this article, we present the human-centred design of a universal AI literacy module, followed by its four primary constructs that provide core competence in AI to coursework and research students and academic and professional staff in a tertiary education setting. In comparison to related work in AI literacy, our design is inclusive due to the collaborative approach between multiple stakeholder groups and is comprehensive given the descriptive formulation of the primary constructs of this module with exemplars of how they activate core operational competence across the four groups.

Greening the Path: The Three-Way Interactive Effects of Psychological Ownership, Green Knowledge Sharing, and Social Media

ABSTRACT This study develops an integrated framework grounded in service-dominant logic theory to examine green destination psychological ownership, customer engagement, knowledge sharing, and social media usage as drivers of green electronic word of mouth. A multi-wave survey analysis conducted among 507 Vietnamese travelers supported the hypothesized direct effect, mediation, and three-way interaction between the factors. The results revealed that green customer engagement mediates the relationship between green destination psychological ownership and word of mouth. Additionally, companies’ green knowledge sharing and travelers’ social network proneness strengthen the positive influence of ownership feelings on engagement, subsequently enhancing word of mouth. The findings contribute novel insights into integrated green marketing effects, with implications for leveraging customer psychology and behaviors to promote green word of mouth. By fostering ownership feelings, actively sharing sustainability knowledge, and understanding social media habits, tourism organizations can enhance participation in green initiatives and recommendations. This study advances the theoretical and practical understanding of strategies for nurturing green behaviors and outcomes in the digital age through an integrated framework grounded in service-dominant logic theory. Further research should investigate additional variables and contexts to deepen knowledge on enabling collaborative value creation for sustainability.

Energy spectrum and superfluidity breakdown of Bose–Einstein condensates in optical lattice under density-dependent artificial gauge field

Nonlinear feedback between the gauge field and the material field can yield novel quantum phenomena. Here, the interplay between a density-dependent artificial gauge field and Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) trapped in an optical lattice is studied. The energy spectrum and superfluidity represented by energetic and dynamical stabilities of the system are systematically discussed. A density-dependent artificial gauge field with a back-action between the BECs dynamics and the gauge field induces an effective atomic interaction that depends on the quasi-momentum and density of the condensates, resulting in a symmetry-broken energy spectrum and exotic stability phase diagram, that is, the system is only stable in a certain range of atoms density and under a limited lattice strength. The density-dependent artificial gauge field changes the sequence for the emergence of energetic and dynamical instability and the regimes of the energetic and dynamical instabilities are significantly separated, offering an efficient way to examine the energetic and dynamical instabilities of superfluids separately. In particular, the density-dependent artificial gauge field, as a mechanism for transferring momentum to the fluid, results in dynamic instability of the condensates even in free space. Our results provide deep insights into the dynamical response of superfluid systems to gauge fields and have potential applications for the coherent control of exotic superfluid states.

Systematic shell-model study of structure and isomeric states in 204-213Bi isotopes

Abstract In this work, we have performed systematic shell-model calculations for Bi isotopes with $A=$ 204-213 using KHH7B and KHM3Y effective interactions. We have reported yrast and non-yrast shell-model states corresponding to the available experimental data. From the comparison with the experimental data, we could assign spin and parity of several unconfirmed states. We have also calculated electromagnetic properties and compared them with the available experimental data and predicted where experimental data are not available. This study also includes a detailed discussion of multiple isomeric states based on computed shell-model configurations and their respective half-lives.

Study the structure of the low-lying states of 206Po

The nucleus 206Po was studied in the two proton transfer reaction 204Pb(16O,14C)206Po and the lifetime of the first excited 2+ state was determined by utilizing the Recoil Distance Doppler Shift method. The experimental results are compared with shell-model calculations based on different effective interactions. The calculations qualitatively reproduced the experimentally observed B(E2;21+→01+) value, suggesting that the 21+ state of 206Po exhibits a collective nature. However, the employed effective interactions revealed some limitations, particularly in their description of the 41,2+ states. These results emphasize the importance of understanding the properties of low-lying states, especially their evolution from single-particle dynamics to collective modes, in evaluating various effective nuclear interactions.

СТРУКТУРНАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ГЛИПРОЛИНОВОЙ ГЕКСАПЕПТИДНОЙ МОЛЕКУЛЫ

Computer modeling based on the use of the method of theoretical conformational analysis and programs that allow obtaining a graphic image of the spatial structures of biomolecules was performed for a hexapeptide molecule – glyproline H-Phe-Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly-Pro-OH. Glyprolines are short peptides whose amino acid sequences contain glycine and proline residues. Their mechanisms of action are currently poorly understood. Using the method of molecular mechanics, the spatial structure and conformational possibilities of this hexapeptide molecule were determined. Its potential energy was estimated as the sum of non-valente, electrostatic, torsion interactions and the energy of hydrogen bonds. 9 low-energy structures were found for the glyproline hexapeptide, the values of the dihedral angles of the main and side chains of the amino acids included in the molecule. The energy of intra- and interresidual interactions was estimated. The calculation showed that the folded forms of the main chain are low-energy for the hexapeptide. In them, the side chains of amino acids phenylalanine and proline, which are conformationally rigid, carry out effective interactions with all parts of the hexapeptide molecule.

Benefits associated with the implementation of biological control programmes in Latin America

AbstractAgriculture in Latin America plays a significant role in the region’s economy, food security, and rural development. Although pest control has traditionally relied on chemicals, there is increasing adoption of sustainable agricultural practices. Thus, in recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on sustainable agriculture practices, including biological control, to minimise environmental impact, conserve natural resources, and ensure long-term agricultural productivity. In Latin America, high biodiversity enhances biological control, both classical and augmentative biological control. The use of biological control agents allows farmers to produce their crops whilst reducing the use of chemicals in agriculture. In addition, biological control opens new market opportunities for farmers and job options for youth in rural areas. Maximal benefits will however be attained only after adoption of biological control practices and when an effective interaction among key stakeholders is achieved. Thus, farmers and consumers can reap the benefits of biological control, which can incentivise and accelerate adoption at the field level. To evaluate the socio-economic benefits of biological control, establishing multidisciplinary teams to conduct the studies is crucial. The current article explores the benefits resulting from the implementation of biological control programmes, highlighting social benefits. In addition, as part of the Plantwise programme, created to assist agricultural production with a sustainable perspective, data on the use of biopesticides in some countries are discussed in the context of sustainable production looking forward to reinforcing food security and safety in Latin America.

Dynamics of electron capture in positron‐hydrogen scattering under dense semi‐classical plasmas

AbstractThe scattering dynamics of electron capture in ‐H(1 s) scattering under dense semi‐classical plasma (DSCP) environments has been investigated theoretically. Coupled multi‐channel two‐body Lippmann‐Schwinger equations have been solved by retaining +H(1 s) and p + Ps(1 s) channels to calculate the cross sections (CS) of the electron capture process at intermediate and high incident energies. The effective interaction of the plasma charged particles is modelled by a pseudopotential which is a function of two parameters, namely the plasma screening strength and the de Broglie wavelength. A detailed study is made to explore the changes in the CSs of the above‐mentioned process with respect to the variation in the plasma screening strength and de Broglie wavelength. Significant changes are found to take place, when the screening strength and the de Broglie wavelength are varied. Specifically, the sharp minimum in the differential CS moves toward the forward direction with increasing de Broglie wavelength at a given screening strength.

Examining the effects of international mindedness among prospective teachers on intercultural competence in higher education institutions: an empirical analysis

PurposeThe purpose of this empirical study is to examine prospective teachers' international mindedness and intercultural competence, grounded in sociocultural theory. The research aims to understand the factors that foster these traits in prospective teachers and their significance in promoting competence in culturally diverse environments.Design/methodology/approachThe study utilized structured equation modeling with maximum likelihood estimation to analyze data from 425 participants of two higher education institutions. The participants were selected through simple random probability sampling. This methodology allowed the researchers to explore the relationship between international mindedness and intercultural competence in prospective teachers.FindingsThe results of the study demonstrated a positive correlation between international mindedness and intercultural competence in prospective teachers. The findings suggest that by cultivating international mindedness, educators can enhance their intercultural competence, thereby fostering more effective interactions in diverse settings.Practical implicationsThe present research holds practical implications for teacher education programs and higher education institutions. By understanding how international mindedness impacts intercultural competence, educators can implement targeted interventions and training to nurture these traits among prospective teachers. This can lead to the creation of culturally inclusive learning environments, promoting mutual respect and appreciation of diversity among students.Originality/valueThe originality of this study lies in its investigation of the link between international mindedness and intercultural competence in the context of prospective teachers enrolled in B.Ed. program in higher education institution. By establishing a causal relationship between these traits, the research adds to the understanding of how teachers can be prepared to engage effectively in culturally diverse classrooms. The findings hold value for educators and policymakers seeking to improve teaching practices and foster global citizenship among future educators and their students.

"Research on the Application of Visible Light Communication in IoT System Configuration"

The growing need for seamless connectivity on the internet of things (IoT) paradigm has fueled the development of innovative technologies. This research deeply focuses on the integration of visible light communications (VLC) to configure the wireless sensor network (WSN) nodes in an IoT system. VLC, an emerging technology that uses visible light to transmit data, is not limited in frequency and maximizes security in wireless data transmission. Furthermore, due to the use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in almost every aspect of our daily lives, VLC is providing massive connectivity for various types of large-scale IoT communications, from machine to machine, vehicle to infrastructure, infrastructure-to-vehicle, chip-to-chip as well as device to device. This article presents an investigation of the multifaceted applications of VLC, especially its role in configuring wireless fidelity Wi-Fi connectivity for smart devices and their location in the system within the IoT framework. In addition to conventional data transmission capabilities, VLC has emerged as a key technology for transmitting configuration data and location data, thereby supporting an accurate positioning system. This study shows the effective interaction between VLC and IoT, shedding light on the applications of VLC in IoT systems, especially in smart building

Innovative Design of Marketing Ecosystems

This study is devoted to the issues of ecosystems and the ecosystem approach. The formation and use of marketing ecosystems can simplify both the processes of transformation of technological patterns and the interaction of different types of business models of enterprises. A separate focus is on marketing ecosystems as one of the important innovations of Industry 5.0. The transition from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0 is accompanied by the creation of the necessary software and algorithmic base of quantum computing, introduction of technologies for visualisation of management decisions, development of neuromorphic models of enterprise architecture, digital twins of business processes.The purpose of the study is to develop approaches to designing a marketing ecosystem within the framework of Industry 5.0 and Industry 4.0, which is necessary for building effective interactions between innovative enterprises of different business spheres. The article considers the stages of innovative design of new marketing ecosystems, the result of which is the end-to-end integration of information resources of their member enterprises, which is necessary for the consolidation and synchronisation of structured and unstructured data on different business models of companies and the organisation of predictive analytics mechanisms. In the course of the work, the method of scientific analysis of literature on the research problem was applied, and the empirical experience of the authors of the article was used. The results of the study will be useful to all managers of innovative companies as well as the heads and employees of marketing departments of these companies.

Hollow versatile Ag@Pt alloy nanoparticles with nanozyme activity for detection and photothermal sterilization of Helicobacter pylori.

In view of a large number of people infected with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) with great harm followed, there is an urgent need to develop a non-invasive, easy-to-operate, and rapid detection method, and to identify effective sterilization strategies. In this study, highly specific nanoprobes with nanozyme activity, Ag@Pt nanoparticles (NPs) with the antibody, were utilized as a novel lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA). The optical label (Ag@Pt NPs) was enhanced by the introduction of the chromogenic substrate 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and compared with a gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) optical label. Under the optimal condition, Ag@Pt-LFIA and TMB-enhanced Ag@Pt-LFIA for H. pylori were successfully established, two of which were over twofold and 100-fold more sensitive than conventional visual Au NP-based LFIA, respectively. Furthermore, Ag@Pt NPs with the antibody irradiated with NIR laser (808nm) at a power intensity of 550 mW/cm2 for 5min exhibited a remarkable antibacterial effect. Thenanoprobes could close to bacteria through effective interactions between antibodies and bacteria, thereby benefiting photothermal sterilization. Overall, Ag@Pt NPs provide promising applications in pathogen detection and therapeutic applications.

Measurement of nuclear effects in neutrino-argon interactions using generalized kinematic imbalance variables with the MicroBooNE detector

Measurement of nuclear effects in neutrino-argon interactions using generalized kinematic imbalance variables with the MicroBooNE detector