Effective IS Research Articles

Managing Inherent IT Business Risk against Cyber Threats: a Decision Analysis Case Study of an Oil and Gas Company

XYZ, an anonymized oil and gas company, aims to enhance cyber resilience by strategically managing inherent risk profiles in cybersecurity, aligned with business needs and stakeholder expectations. This research addresses challenges including Information Security Control determination, proficiency improvement in risk management, and ISMS preparedness. Additionally, it tackles procurement strategy for Security Operations Control across XYZ Group, operating under PSC Gross Split, Cost Recovery, and Non-PSC statuses. Utilizing diverse frameworks such as problem tree analysis, stakeholders’ power-interest matrix, MITRE ATT&CK, NIST 800-53, COBIT 2019, ISO 27005:2022, KAMI 5.0, and SMART, data analysis includes risk documents, interviews, and cyber-attack data. The research establishes effective IS Control for risk mitigation, readiness for Information Security Management System ISMS implementation, strategic programs enhancing risk management capability, and refined Security Operations Control procurement. These outcomes, incorporated into a collaborative contract structure, significantly mitigate cyber threats and potential impacts, such as disruptions to operations, revenue reduction, increased costs, data theft, and non-compliance.

How Effective Was the Global South Knowledge Exchange? The Chinese-Funded Medical Projects in Tanzania, 1968-1990s.

Knowledge circulation scholars have examined the North-South exchange as mainly one-way traffic, where the Global South is perceived as the recipient of knowledge from the Global North. In contrast, this article underscores Southern countries' role in technoscientific development by examining actors in Chinese-funded medical projects in Tanzania. It shows that Chinese sponsorship of Tanzania's health sector was critical not only in breaking the yoke of dependency on medical knowledge from the North but also in debunking the Global North narratives positing Africa as backward and lacking initiative in medical and industrial technologies. Employing qualitative analytical methods on pertinent archival, oral accounts and published sources, this article shows that despite the Sino-Tanzanian cooperation's potential, knowledge exchanges were arguably one-way rather than reciprocal, and the exchanged knowledge remained ineffective and unsustainable owing to ill-thought modus operandi from the onset.

How Effective Was Assistance to the Vulnerable Countries During the Pandemic? Comparing the Debt Service Suspension Initiative and Special Drawing Rights

How Effective Was Assistance to the Vulnerable Countries During the Pandemic? Comparing the Debt Service Suspension Initiative and Special Drawing Rights

A Novel Splice Variant of BCAS1 Inhibits β-Arrestin 2 to Promote the Proliferation and Migration of Glioblastoma Cells, and This Effect Was Blocked by Maackiain.

Simple SummaryBCAS1-SV1, a novel splice variant of BCAS1, promotes the proliferation and migration of glioblastoma cells by directly binding to and inhibiting the tumor suppressor function of β-arrestin 2. Maackiain blocks the specific interaction of BCAS1-SV1 with β-arrestin 2 and shows potential application as a therapeutic for glioblastoma.Brain-enriched myelin-associated protein 1 (BCAS1) is frequently highly expressed in human cancer, but its detailed function is unclear. Here, we identified a novel splice variant of the BCAS1 gene in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) named BCAS1-SV1. The expression of BCAS1-SV1 was weak in heathy brain cells but high in GBM cell lines. The overexpression of BCAS1-SV1 significantly increased the proliferation and migration of GBM cells, whereas the RNA-interference-mediated knockdown of BCAS1-SV1 reduced proliferation and migration. Moreover, using a yeast-two hybrid assay, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence staining, we confirmed that β-arrestin 2 is an interaction partner of BCAS1-SV1 but not BCAS1. The downregulation of β-arrestin 2 directly enhanced the malignancy of GBM and abrogated the effects of BCAS1-SV1 on GBM cells. Finally, we used a yeast two-hybrid-based growth assay to identify that maackiain (MK) is a potential inhibitor of the interaction between BCAS1-SV1 and β-arrestin 2. MK treatment lessened the proliferation and migration of GBM cells and prolonged the lifespan of tumor-bearing mice in subcutaneous xenograft and intracranial U87-luc xenograft models. This study provides the first evidence that the gain-of-function BCAS1-SV1 splice variant promotes the development of GBM by suppressing the β-arrestin 2 pathway and opens up a new therapeutic perspective in GBM.

Effect of Reminder Tools on Drug Adherence among Patients on Anti-retroviral Drug in Specialist Hospital Yola, Adamawa State: A Randomized Field Trial

A Minimum Of 95% Drug Adherence Is Necessary To Achieve Immunological And Virological Success In Antiretroviral Therapy, And To Attain This Level; Patients Need To Be Assisted. The Study Therefore Aimed At Comparing The Effect Of Reminder Tools On Antiretroviral Drug Adherence Among People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus. The Study Was A Randomised Field Trial. Questionnaire And Adherence Assessment Forms Were Administered To Two Hundred, And Twenty-Five Patients, And Information Was Elicited On Socio-Demographic History, Antiretroviral Drug Usage, And Adherence Behaviour. Alarm Clocks And Counselling Were Given To One Group, Stickers, Reminder Cards, And Counselling To The Second Group, While Counselling Alone Was Given To The Third Group As Interventions. Three Months Later, Data Were Collected From The Same Patients In Order To Compare The Effect Reminder Tools Had On Antiretroviral Drug Adherence Among The Patients. Data Were Entered Into Epi Info Version 3.5.1 2008 Statistical Software And Analyzed. The Optimum Adherence Levels Were 78.7%, 80.0%, And 84.0% At Pre-Intervention Among Groups That Had Alarm Clock With Counselling, Sticker, Reminder Card With Counselling, And Those That Had Counselling Alone Respectively. The Drug Side Effect Was Negatively Associated With Adherence Level (P< 0.05), While Pill Count Was Not Associated With Adherence Level (P>0.05). At Post-Intervention, The Adherence Levels Increased By 18.5%, 6.8%, And 1.9%, Respectively, Among Groups That Had Alarm Clock With Counselling (P<0.05), Sticker, Reminder Card With Counselling (P>0.05), And Those That Had Counselling Alone (P>0.05). The Alarm Clock Was More Effective Than Stickers And Hand-Held Cards In Improving Adherence.

How Effective Was the Romanian Labour Market After 2008?

The efficient operation of the labour market is a matter of high stake for every state, considering that it reflects the balance between supply and demand. The extent to which such balance is achieved is highlighted by the Beveridge curve. This paper examines the efficient operation of the Romanian labour market, as measured by the relevant indicators of labour demand and supply. In order to capture the evolution of these indicators across the three target sub-periods (the crisis, the rebound and the resumption of an upward trend), the timeline subject to survey was 2008Q2-2016Q3. The survey conducted for this purpose revealed fluctuations in the number and rate of job vacancies, respectively in the unemployment rate. However, in the last part of the surveyed period, the trend of such indicators was downward for the unemployment rate and upward for the number and rate of job vacancies. Even so, these indicators failed to match the levels recorded before the outbreak of the economic crisis. Due to such evolutions, the Beveridge curve presented shifts of direction specific to the three sub-periods. Throughout the last part of the surveyed period, the curve seemed to recover slightly towards the top-left direction at national level. However, regionally, the evolutions of labour supply and demand varied, and the Beveridge curves varied accordingly. Surprisingly, it was not Bucharest-Ilfov, considered the best economically developed area in Romania, which reported the best correlation between labour supply and demand, but the Central region.

PD03-03 HOW EFFECTIVE IS MULTIPARAMETRIC MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING VESICAL IMAGING REPORTING AND DATA SYSTEM (VI-RADS) FOR BLADDER CANCER STAGING: CAN IT REPLACE RE STAGING TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF BLADDER CANCER IN BLADDER CANCER?

You have accessJournal of UrologyBladder Cancer: Non-invasive I (PD03)1 Apr 2020PD03-03 HOW EFFECTIVE IS MULTIPARAMETRIC MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING VESICAL IMAGING REPORTING AND DATA SYSTEM (VI-RADS) FOR BLADDER CANCER STAGING: CAN IT REPLACE RE STAGING TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF BLADDER CANCER IN BLADDER CANCER? Muhammad Abdus Salam*, Sharmin Akther, Faisal Islam, Pranashish Saha, Ibrahim Kaiser, Ghazi Shahinul Islam, Shahed Hossain, and SM Bakhtiar Muhammad Abdus Salam*Muhammad Abdus Salam* More articles by this author , Sharmin AktherSharmin Akther More articles by this author , Faisal IslamFaisal Islam More articles by this author , Pranashish SahaPranashish Saha More articles by this author , Ibrahim KaiserIbrahim Kaiser More articles by this author , Ghazi Shahinul IslamGhazi Shahinul Islam More articles by this author , Shahed HossainShahed Hossain More articles by this author , and SM BakhtiarSM Bakhtiar More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000000823.03AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) is widely used in the imaging of other types of cancers, though its usefulness in Urothelial cancer of bladder has yet to be fully elucidated. We wanted to determine the efficacy of staging accuracy of routine use of mpMRI and VI-RADS (Vesical Imaging-Reporting And Data System) in staging Urothelial bladder cancer. METHODS: This prospective study was undertaken on 62 patients with mpMRI and VI-RADS in staging high grade Urothelial bladder cancer. Primary Transurethral resection of bladder tumor ( TURBT) mpMRI was performed routinely in all cases, from Jan 2018 to July 2019. Of them 36 patients with High grade Urothelial carcinoma of bladder, the specimen did not contain Muscularis Propria requiring a Restaging TURBT. Radical cystectomy was performed in 18 patients during this time frame. The mpMRI staging was correlated with the final pathologic staging. RESULTS: Analysis of our results revealed a highly significant (P<-0.001) mpMRI accuracy of 88% for muscle invasion, 96% accuracy for perivesical fat invasion and 74% accuracy of MRI detection of lymph node metastases. CONCLUSIONS: A larger prospective study is however, required for determining the exact role of MRI in the staging of bladder carcinoma. Source of Funding: No Sponsor © 2020 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 203Issue Supplement 4April 2020Page: e72-e73 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2020 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Muhammad Abdus Salam* More articles by this author Sharmin Akther More articles by this author Faisal Islam More articles by this author Pranashish Saha More articles by this author Ibrahim Kaiser More articles by this author Ghazi Shahinul Islam More articles by this author Shahed Hossain More articles by this author SM Bakhtiar More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Multiparty sensemaking: A technology‐vendor selection case study

AbstractInformation system (IS) procurement history is replete with poorly executed, multimillion dollar procurement decisions. Yet we barely understand what effective IS procurement should look like. IS procurement is highly challenging, as it requires the client to simultaneously select a technology and vendor. This paper explores the technology‐vendor selection process through the sensemaking perspective. Our study develops a sensemaking model for technology‐vendor selection that connects the multiple rounds of client‐vendor communicative actions with the client's sensemaking process. We show how the client reconciles fragmented and sometimes conflicting cues and information through three intertwined cycles: immediate, retrospective, and decision. Sensebreaking occurs as a separate process (and not a communicative action) when disruptive cues occur persistently and from different vendors over multiple rounds of sensemaking. We derive a set of critical factors, on the basis of the sensemaking perspective, for selecting an appropriate vendor and technical solution. These insights in turn help explain many poorly executed IS procurement decisions.

How Effective Was the UK Carbon Tax? A Machine Learning Approach to Policy Evaluation

Carbon taxes are commonly seen as a rational policy response to climate change, but little is known about their performance from an ex-post perspective. This paper analyzes the emissions and cost impacts of the UK CPS, a carbon tax levied on all fossil-fired power plants. To overcome the problem of a missing control group, we propose a novel approach for policy evaluation which leverages economic theory and machine learning techniques for counterfactual prediction. Our results indicate that in the period 2013-2016 the CPS lowered emissions by 6.2 percent at an average cost of € 18 per ton. We find substantial temporal heterogeneity in tax-induced impacts which stems from variation in relative fuel prices. An important implication for climate policy is that a higher carbon tax does not necessarily lead to higher emissions reductions or higher costs.

Correcting Fixed Effect Standard Errors When a Crossed Random Effect Was Ignored for Balanced and Unbalanced Designs

Previous studies have detailed the consequence of ignoring a level of clustering in multilevel models with straightly hierarchical structures and have proposed methods to adjust for the fixed effect standard errors ( SEs). However, in behavioral and social science research, there are usually two or more crossed clustering levels, such as when students are cross-classified by schools and neighborhoods, yet it is not uncommon that researchers focus only on one level of clustering. Using the generalized least squares framework, in this study, we derive the bias in the fixed effect SE estimators when one crossed random effect is omitted. We then showed, using data from the Scotland Neighborhood Study, how one can correct for the SEs and obtain corrected statistical inference when a misspecified two-level model was used in a primary study, which is useful when evaluating observational studies or cluster randomized trials that ignored a crossed random effects or when conducting meta-analyses. In addition, our analytic results provide theoretical insights on how one can quantify imbalance with cross-classified data by the strength of association between the two-crossed random effects in a contingency table and how the degree of imbalance relates to the correction factor for the fixed effect SEs.

How Effective Was the UK Carbon Tax? - A Machine Learning Approach to Policy Evaluation

Carbon taxes are commonly seen as a rational policy response to climate change, but little is known about their performance from an ex-post perspective. This paper analyzes the emissions and cost impacts of the UK CPS, a carbon tax levied on all fossil-fired power plants. To overcome the problem of a missing control group, we propose a novel approach for policy evaluation which leverages economic theory and machine learning techniques for counterfactual prediction. Our results indicate that in the period 2013-2016 the CPS lowered emissions by 6.2 percent at an average cost of € 18 per ton. We find substantial temporal heterogeneity in tax-induced impacts which stems from variation in relative fuel prices. An important implication for climate policy is that a higher carbon tax does not necessarily lead to higher emissions reductions or higher costs.

How Effective Was the UK Carbon Tax?—A Machine Learning Approach to Policy Evaluation

Carbon taxes are commonly seen as a rational policy response to climate change, but little is known about their performance from an ex-post perspective. This paper analyzes the emissions and cost impacts of the UK CPS, a carbon tax levied on all fossil-fired power plants. To overcome the problem of a missing control group, we propose a novel approach for policy evaluation which leverages economic theory and machine learning techniques for counterfactual prediction. Our results indicate that in the period 2013-2016 the CPS lowered emissions by 6.2 percent at an average cost of € 18 per ton. We find substantial temporal heterogeneity in tax-induced impacts which stems from variation in relative fuel prices. An important implication for climate policy is that a higher carbon tax does not necessarily lead to higher emissions reductions or higher costs.

How Effective Was Unification Policy Under Park Geun-Hye Government? : A Comparative Analysis of Public Attitudes on Unification in 2013 and 2015

2014년 1월 신년기자회견에서 박근혜 대통령의 ‘통일대박론’으로 시작된 통일정책은 지난 2년 동안 핵심 국정과제로 추진되어져 왔다. 2014년 3월 드레스덴 선언과 7월 통일준비위원회 발족 등 전 정부 부처에 걸쳐 통일에 대한 준비노력이 광범위하게 진행되었다. 통일에 대한 정부의 다양한 정책과 노력은 긍정적인 측면이 있음에도 불구하고 하향식 정책추진이나 구체성 부족 등 부정적 시선과 비판에 직면하기도 하였다. 이러한 맥락에서 본 연구는 지난 2년 동안의 노력이 통일에 대한 국민의 수용성을 높였는지를 실증적으로 평가하는 것을 목표로 하였다. 통일대박론이 시작하기 직전인 2013년 12월과 2년 후인 2015년 12월의 통일에 대한 국민인식조사를 바탕으로 박근혜 정부의 통일정책에 대한 정책수용성을 비교분석하였다. 통일인식과 통일비용분담에 대한 수용성의 변화를 검토하고 어떤 특성을 가진 계층에서 수용성의 변화가 일어났는지, 수용성이 높은 집단과 낮은 집단의 특징이 무엇인지, 그리고 통일정책의 수용으로 나타난 통일인식과 통일비용 부담 의사의 변화는 무엇인지를 분석하였다. 분석결과 통일이 일어날 수도 있다는 인식은 증가하고 있지만, 급속한 통일에 대해서는 부정적 인식이 오히려 증가하고 있었다. 통일에 대한 규범적 태도가 감소하면서 이념보다는 소득이 통일인식과 수용성에 더욱 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 국민적 공감대를 확장시키는 구체적 통일정책의 필요성을 제언으로 제시하였다.

How Effective Was the Federal Reserve's Commercial Paper Funding Facility? Evidence from Stock Performance and Loan Provisions

This paper investigates the effectiveness of the Federal Reserve Bank's Commercial Paper Funding Facility (CPFF) in facilitating lending from recipient banks to their relationship borrowers. I use dispersion in lender liquidity following the implementation of the CPFF to examine the change in the supply of credit on borrowers’ corporate policies. This paper first shows that (recipient) banks with access to the Commercial Paper Funding Facility have a higher probability of offering new loans and increase the amounts of loan provision to relationship firms than banks without the liquidity backstop. Second, the increases in bank lending is associated with higher employment growth for firms with significant business relationships to these banks. Therefore, the short-term funding facility generates positive spill-over effects from financial institutions to non-financial institutions.

Intra- and Inter-organizational Controls in Outsourcing: Controlees’ Perspectives

Control is central to effective IS development. In the past, when the projects were carried out within the organization, controls were primarily intra-organizational. With outsourcing, controls are...

The Bradley Effect Was about Guns, Not Racism

THE CALIFORNIA Journal of Politics & Policy Commentary The Bradley Effect Was about Guns, Not Racism Joe Mathews* The New America Foundation Nelson Rising, chairman of Tom Bradley’s 1982 campaign for California governor, still remembers the phone call. Bradley called him shortly after 4 a.m. on a long election night, when it was clear Bradley had lost to Republican attorney general George Deukmejian. “You were right,” Bradley told Rising a bit wearily. With those words, Bradley, the Democratic mayor of Los Angeles, acknowledged that a political mistake had cost him the governorship. And, despite all the theories that the election produced a “Bradley effect”—a supposed www.bepress.com/cjpp Volume 1, Issue 1, 2009 secret racist vote undetected by polling—the mayor himself knew that his loss had different causes. The main cause was guns. Against Rising’s advice, Bradley had endorsed Proposition 15, a statewide ballot initiative that would have put a freeze on purchases of new handguns. Bradley and Proposition 15 both had a lead in the polls when Bradley decided to back the initiative. But there was a huge backlash against Proposition 15 in conservative California precincts. The resulting turnout was so overwhelming that it took down Bradley—just as Rising had predicted in a campaign meeting months earlier. “I will never forget that meeting,” Rising recalled. “I said, ‘I don’t own a gun. I don’t intend to own a gun. If I could design a world without guns, I would. But Tom, if you support this, you can’t win.’” *Joe Mathews is an Irvine senior fellow at the New America Foundation. An abbreviated version of this story appeared in Politico.

Predictors of Effective IS Strategy Implementation: A longitudinal Study of Indian organizations

The overall outcome of SISP (Strategic Information Systems Planning) depends on how effectively IS strategies are implemented. Several organizational and environmental variables predict effective IS strategy implementation. This empirical work investigates the impact of changes in the predictors on the effective implementation of IS strategy over two successive planning periods. Based on longitudinal case studies of three Indian organizations from diverse industries, we analyze the changes in five important predictors—top management commitment, IS plan characteristics, technological environment, user involvement and role of the IS function. The Findings are then related to implementation effectiveness measured through rate of implementation, extent of implementation, and attainment of IS objectives. Our research shows that these key predictors have undergone major changes over two planning periods and that such changes have greatly improved the effectiveness of IS strategy implementation. Based on the analysis, we present a set of implications for developing countries and directions for future research.

The Bradley Effect Was about Guns, Not Racism

The Bradley Effect Was about Guns, Not Racism

Integrating Scientific with Indigenous Knowledge: Constructing Knowledge Alliances for Land Management in India

Information systems design and development processes by their very nature involve a multiplicity of knowledge systems, including the technology itself, the methodologies for system development, and knowledge relating to the application domain. When an information system is used to advance socio-economic development in less developed countries (LDCs), there are additional sources contributing to this multiplicity. In the case of land management applications, it is important to consider the knowledge that communities have of the land they inhabit. This paper stresses the importance of constructing knowledge alliances between these multiple knowledge systems in order to support more effective IS development and implementation. The term knowledge alliance refers not merely to the material characteristics of the knowledge inscribed in technology, but also to the indigenous knowledge of the various communities involved. This includes the social setting that has shaped the practices which are responsible for the communities' production, articulation, and use of knowledge. Two key theoretical concepts, namely boundary objects and participation, are drawn upon both to understand the multiplicity of knowledge systems and to suggest possible approaches to the creation of effective knowledge alliances. The empirical setting for this analysis is a study of the use of geographical information systems for land management in India. This research is not of merely theoretical significance, but also carries important practical implications for scientists and administrators involved in the development of IS, particularly in LDCs.

Using systems dynamics for human resources management in information systems security

PurposeTo enable quantitative and qualitative modelling of information systems security management that takes into account technology and human factor.Design/methodology/approachThe approach is based on systems dynamics and it is done in two phases. In the first phase two basic qualitative models are developed, while in the second phase a possibility to further develop them into quantitative models is studied.FindingsAppropriate approach to IS security management requires addressing “hard” and “soft” factors. Further, to enable quantitative study of such systems, which are highly non‐linear, exact analytical (mathematically rigorous) treatment is close to impossible. Thus, computer simulations have to be used. One appropriate methodological answer to the above requirements is systems (business) dynamics.Research limitations/implicationsResearch limitations are partially related to system dynamics, which operates on an aggregates level. This prevents or makes harder study of phenomena at the micro level, from where the above‐mentioned aggregates emerge. Further, many sub‐areas need further standardisation to enable more realistic simulations – one such case is security policy standardisation and quantification. Similar holds true for threats/vulnerabilities and related taxonomies.Practical implicationsThe research presents one of first steps in the direction that could provide quantitative models for effective IS security policy management in organisations.Originality/valueThe research presents two models, one for risk management and the other, which is a generic model that identifies basic variables that have to be addressed for IS security management. Further, findings can be used for security awareness courses.