Effects Of Wet Cupping Research Articles

Effect of Wet Cupping with Rasayana Chikitsa in Management of Alopecia Areata (Indralupt)

Abstract: Alopecia areata, or Indralupt in Ayurveda, is a dermatological condition characterized by localized, non-scarring hair loss. It presents as circular or oval patches of baldness, primarily affecting the scalp. While its exact cause remains unclear, autoimmune factors are thought to play a significant role. Management typically involves a combination of topical and systemic treatments, including corticosteroids and immunomodulators which is not fully preventive or curative. Thus, Vata, Pitta, and Kapha Dosha i.e., Tridosha and Rakta Dushya are the causative factors of Indralupta. Materials and Method: Cup, Cupping pump, cotton ball or Swab, antiseptic solution, sterile lancets or scalpel, gloves. The patient was scheduled for wet cupping therapy, with a seven-day interval between each of the three sessions. Significant hair growth was observed after just one session. Raktamokshan, particularly Prachchanna (blood-letting, primarily scraping) is beneficial for removing vitiated Rakta if it is located in a specific area of the body, such as hair follicles. Result : After undergoing Wet Cupping and internal Rasayan drug for duration of one month, two patches of hair loss affected by alopecia areata were completely removed. Conclusion: This case report investigates the effectiveness of Raktmokshan, a traditional Ayurvedic therapy involving wet cupping, and Rasayan chikitsa in the management of alopecia areata (Indralupt). The case presents a patient with alopecia areata who underwent Raktmokshan therapy and observed outcomes over a defined period.

Effects of Wet Cupping (Al-Hijamah) on Cholesterol in a Sudanese Population

Effects of Wet Cupping (Al-Hijamah) on Cholesterol in a Sudanese Population

The Effect of Wet Cupping (Al-hijamah) and Limonene on Oxidative Stress and Biochemical Parameters in Diabetic Rats

Background: According to the international diabetes federation, 629 million adults will suffer from diabetes by 2045. Wet cupping therapy is a combination of bleeding and dry cupping and has been used in traditional medicine as a complementary therapy for diabetes. Limonene was shown to have both antioxidant and antidiabetic activity but its potential alongside other treatments has not been thoroughly explored. Objectives: Although wet-cupping therapy is widely used under different conditions, its potential in the treatment of diabetes is not well-examined. Methods: Male Wistar rats were then injected with alloxan and nicotinamide to induce diabetes. After cupping, the rats’ serum nitric oxide, creatinine, SGPT, SGOT, cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, GPX, urea, and HDL levels were determined. The glutathione, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, malondialdehyde, and protein level of the serum, renal, and liver were then measured. Results: The results showed a significant differences in serum glucose levels among the diabetic rats receiving wet cupping and limonene, in serum glutathione levels in diabetic rats receiving limonene or limonene and wet cupping compared to the diabetic rats, in liver GSH levels in control rats receiving limonene and wet cupping, in the liver GPX activity in control rats receiving limonene, and in liver catalase activity in control rats receiving limonene and wet cupping compared to control group. There was no significant change in serum NO, protein, creatinine, SGPT, SGOT, cholesterol, triglyceride MDA, urea, catalase, HDL, renal GSH, MDA, catalase, liver protein, and MDA Level. Conclusions: The findings of the present study suggested that a combination of limonene and wet cupping therapy could be presented as an agent to lower elevated blood glucose levels in diabetic rats. Further clinical studies are required to confirm the findings.

Wet Cupping (al-hijama) for Mental Health: A Systematic Review

This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of wet cupping on the treatment of mental illness. A total of 2,670 studies were retrieved using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases, and of these, 2,661 were excluded due to not meeting the inclusion criteria. There were 9 articles included in this review including 1,124 individuals who received wet cupping. Mental health was explored in, those who had migraines, metabolic syndrome, smoking addiction, post-traumatic stress, chronic medical disease, and depression. As an intervention procedure, the triple S technique was used in all studies. Only 3 studies reported that none of the participants complained of adverse events during or after the cupping therapy. In all studies, wet cupping was reported to be effective in reducing psychological symptoms. However, there are few randomized controlled trials testing the e?ectiveness of wet cupping in the treatment of mental health, and most are of poor quality. Therefore, more rigorous studies are required before the effectiveness of wet cupping for the treatment of mental illness can be determined.

Evaluating the Therapeutic Effects of Wet Cupping (Al-Hijamah) on Hematological Parameters, Kidney Function Tests and Lipid Profile in Adult Women

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of wet cupping in improving the kidney function tests, hematological parameters and lipid profile in adult women. Blood samples were collected and used for measuring uric acid, creatinine, urea, glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and complete blood cell (CBC) counts. The necessary calculations were done to estimate the unmeasured parameters. The study subjects for body mass index showed that most of these women were overweight to obese. After about 2 weeks of doing wet cupping, 92% of the individuals were feeling good as compared with their condition before performing of wet cupping. The results have shown a significantly increased in the percentage of lymphocytes and platelets count due to blood cupping. Alongside, the results have revealed that creatinine and urea levels were significantly reduced post-cupping as compared to values seen in pre-cupping. Additionally, statistical significant reduction was observed in the triglyceride levels and triglyceride/HDL-cholesterol and LDL/HDL-cholesterol ratios in the women after cupping in comparison to that seen cupping. It can be concluded that wet cupping as a one of the traditional medicine can be safely used for reducing the risks of kidney disorders and cardiovascular diseases risks.

The Effectiveness of Cupping in Iranian Researches: A Systematic Review of Animal and Human Studies

Cupping has a long history in Iran which is one of the most widely used methods in prevention and treatment of diseases in Persian medicine. However, it still has many opponents in the Iranian conventional medical community. So, this systematic review study was conducted to survey the scientific and authoritative articles related to wet and dry cupping that have been done in Iran and the diseases for which Iranian researchers have suggested cupping. In general, the effect of wet and dry cupping on various kinds of pain (e.g. headache, musculoskeletal pain, postpartum pain, etc.), as well as the effect of wet cupping on hematological and biochemical factors of blood were among the most common studies. Also, persistence of therapeutic effects of wet and dry cupping on various diseases was satisfactory. The results of this study showed that wet and dry cupping, even alone, are effective in the treatment of many diseases, and if the objections to the use of these two treatments are reduced, more extensive and high-quality researches in this regard will be done.

Wet-cupping on calf muscles in polycystic ovary syndrome: a quasi-experimental study.

Current modalities for treating polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are not curative and using them for a long period is associated with adverse effects. According to Persian Medicine recommendations, wet cupping on calf muscles can induce menstrual bleeding. In the present study, the effect of wet-cupping (traditional bleeding from capillary vessels) was assessed on menstrual cycles (as primary outcome), hirsutism, and laboratory manifestation of PCOS. A quasi-experimental study was conducted from 2016/5/21 until 2017/5/20 on 66 PCOS women within the age range of 20-40 years and a menstrual interval of at least 60 days during the last year. Participants' calf muscles were cupped on day 26 of their last menstruation cycle following the Persian Medicine recommendations. They were followed for 12 weeks and a menstruation history and physical examination was done twice (4 and 12 weeks after wet cupping). Insulin Resistance (IR) and Free Androgen Index (FAI) were evaluated at baseline and end of the study. Wet-cupping on calf muscles significantly improved menstrual cycles' frequency 0.37(95% CI: 0.13, 0.51), p-value=0.001 and hirsutism after 4 and 12 weeks of intervention were -1.9 (95% CI: -2.5, -0.5), p-value<0.001 and -1.4(95% CI: -2.1, -0.8), p-value<0.001, respectively. While it was not significant in changing the IR and FAI. About 33% of participants suffered from mild temporary discomforts (which were resolved within a few minutes of rest) and 9% reported mild long-term side effects. It is considered that wet-cupping on calf muscles can be propounded as an optional treatment of PCOS for those not willing to use chemical medication.

Wet Cupping and Phlebotomy in Management of Oligo/Amenorrhea: View of Persian Medicine

Oligo/amenorrhea is one of the most common women’s complaints. The most frequent pathologic causes of this condition is polycystic ovaries that leads to unovulatory cycles. Because of insufficiency of treatment in conventional medicine, we studied view point of Persian Medicine. We searched main Persian Medicine references to collect important information about wet-cupping and phlebotomy in treatment of oligo/amenorrhea especially in patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. For gathering evidence that establish this idea, we searched main English and Persian language databases for studies about effectiveness of wet-cupping and phlebotomy on menstruation. Excretion blood from lower extremities especially saphenous vein phlebotomy and calves wet-cupping while massive blood excreting is recommended by Persian physicians in Ehtebas-e-tams (oligo/amenorrhea). From the 106 citations identified from electronic searches, at beginning, 3 ones meet our study objectives. These articles showed that wet-cupping effect on menstruation in women with PCOS and fertilization. Although any study didn’t find about effectiveness of phlebotomy on menstruation or fertilization, but majority studies show effect of phlebotomy or blood donation on decrease of insulin resistance. More research about treating this condition needed to confirm the affectiveness of phlebotomy or wet-cupping in treatment of oligo/amenorrhea.

Effects of wet cupping on chronic pain: A retrospective study

Introduction: Pain is considered a major clinical problem and is a source of social and economic burden for many people. Problem Statement: Many patients experiencing pain find conventional treatments to be moderately effective; however, they often experience adverse side effects, leaving them to seek complementary and alternative therapeutic approaches. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of wet-cupping therapy (WCT) for the treatment of several chronic pain conditions and additionally to evaluate whether these effects differ according to the time of application during any lunar month in the Islamic lunar calendar. Material and Methods: A retrospective review was conducted using data from the records of patients who attended the Hijama Clinic of King Abdulaziz University Hospital from January 2017 to December 2017. In total, 347 patients visited the clinic during 2017; 231 of these patients experienced pain, and 117 of these patients met the inclusion criteria for participation. Scores from the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were used to evaluate the effect of wet cupping on pain intensity. Results: A Wilcoxon signed-rank test demonstrated that the median (Mdn) VAS scores at 1 month postintervention (Mdn = 5) were significantly lower than the Mdn VAS scores at baseline (Mdn = 7, P = 0.000). Results from a Mann–Whitney U-test revealed that the difference in Mdn VAS scores of patients with headaches and migraines who received WCT during the second half of the lunar month (Mdn = 3) was significantly higher than the difference in Mdn in VAS scores of patients who received WCT during the first half of the lunar month (Mdn = 0, P = 0.005). Conclusion: A single application of WCT appeared to effectively treat several chronic pain-related conditions for at least 4 weeks. In addition, the improvement in pain severity may be enhanced when WCT is performed during the second half of the lunar month.

Pengaruh Wet Cupping terhadap Peningkatan Kadar Hemoglobin

Efforts to increase hemoglobin are by exercise and physical activity, nutritions food, and wet cupping. Some mechanisms that are thought to underlie the work pathophysiology of Wet cupping include Wet cupping which has the main effect through the pathways of the regulatory system of coagulation such as decreasing blood elements, increasing blood flow and organ oxygenation. The aims of this research to know the effect of Wet cupping on increased hemoglobin level. This study was an experimental clinical trial with the comparison (pretest and posttest with control group design). The research is done at the Clinical Cupping Ibnu Sina Palembang for 30 days. The sample in this study were some adult women who meet the criteria of inclusion and exclusion. A sample size of 52 people. Measurement parameter had an increase of hemoglobin. which included a homogeneity test sample using Kolmogorov-simov test, description analysis to know to mean value and standard deviation. There were significantly increased in the number of hemoglobin. Wet cupping affects the increase in hemoglobin levels.

The effect of wet-cupping on the severity of migraine headaches: Randomized controlled clinical trial

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the effect of wet-cupping on pain intensity in patients with migraines.&#x0D; Method: 132 patients were diagnosed with migraines. Pain intensity was evaluated based on the visual analogue scale. After homogenizing the data, patients were randomly divided into two (wet-cupping and control) groups. Paired t-test, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used to analyze the data.&#x0D; Results: The mean of pain intensity of wetcupping (7.61+/-1.29) and control (7.22+/-1.21) before the intervention showed no significant difference (p=0.401). There was a significant difference between the mean of pain relief intensity of wet-cupping (2.4+/-1.9) and control (0.6+/-0.8) groups before and after interventions (p&lt;0.001).&#x0D; Conclusion: Wet-cupping is an effective tool to treat migraine headaches.&#x0D; Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials IRCT201110314495N2&#x0D;

The Effect of Wet Cupping (Hijama) Toward The Changing of Body Immune System in Venous Blood of Healthy Person

Our bodies have an immune system, composed of cells and tissues that make up the immunity. Immune responce is away that made the body to respond to stimulations from inside or outside the body. Changes in leucocyte and leucocyte differential count indicate a humoral and cellular immune response as a tolerance of homeostatic changes in the body. Wet cupping is a treatment efforts to restore the homeostasis of the immune system. The aim of this research to know the effect of Wet cupping (Hijamah) of body immune system in venous blood of healthy person. This study was an experimental clinical trial without comparison (pretest and posttest without control group design). This research is done at the Clinic Cupping Ibnu Sina Palembang for 21 days. The blood test was conducted at the center for Laboratory of Health (BBLK) South Sumatera region. The sample in this study were some adult women who meet the criteria of inclusion and exclusion. A sample size of 30 people. Measurement parameter had increase of leucocyte and leucocyte differential count. The data obtained in this study were then analyzed statistically using SPSS version 20, which included a homogeneity test sample using Shapiro wilk test, description analysis to know the mean value and standard deviation. There were significantly increased in the number of leucocyte, neutrophil, and monocyte after 8 hours of Wet cupping and there no significant increased of lymphocyte. There was significant reduction of eosinophil after Wet cupping. There was no change of basophil. Wet cupping can grow up the immune system.

An Investigation on the Effects of Wet Cupping on Wisu (BL21) for Non-acute Low Back Pain: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

An Investigation on the Effects of Wet Cupping on Wisu (BL21) for Non-acute Low Back Pain: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

GW27-e0802 The Efficacy of wet cupping in treatment of hypertension

Wet-cupping is a old method that is still used in medicine, but few empirical studies have been done about its effect on hypertension. The purpose of this study, the effect of wet-cupping on blood pressure in patients 35-60 years old was diagnosed with hypertension. The objective of this randomized

The effectiveness of wet cupping on diseases: A systematic review of randomized controlled

The effectiveness of wet cupping on diseases: A systematic review of randomized controlled

Effects of Wet Cupping on Blood Components Specially Skin-Related Parameters of Healthy Cases: A Case Control Metabonomic Study

Background: Wet cupping therapy has been used in many ancient societies for thousands of years yet there are few systematic studies and clinical researches in this field. This technique can be used for several skin disorders, including hair loss, hirsutism, acne, urticaria, psoriasis, and herpes zoster. A metabonomic study with mass spectrometry was used for the first time to evaluate the difference between wet cupping blood and venous blood. Methods: The metabolites of the wet cupping blood and venous blood were compared in 20 healthy individuals using a metabonomics technique. Results: Using various modeling techniques, such as OSC-PLS, 17 differentiating metabolites were detected and identified by the Human Metabolome Database and 16 differentiating pathways were recognized with Metaboanalyst between the 2 kinds of blood, including cholesterol, cortisone, aldosterone, primary bile acids, L-arginine, taurine, hypotaurine, D-glucose, and pyridoxamine. Conclusions: Cupping blood and venous blood seemed to differ greatly in terms of metabolites and 16 differentiating metabolite pathways. This technique can be used for several skin disorders, including hair loss, hirsutism, acne, urticaria, psoriasis, and herpes zoster.

Effects of wet-cupping on blood pressure in hypertensive patients: a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundAlthough cupping remains a popular treatment modality worldwide, its efficacy for most diseases, including hypertension, has not been scientifically evaluated. ObjectiveWe aimed to determine the efficacy of wet-cupping for high blood pressure, and the incidence of the procedure's side effects in the intervention group. Design, Setting, Participants and InterventionsThis is a randomized controlled trial conducted in the General Practice Department at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between May 2013 and February 2014. There were two groups (40 participants each): intervention group undergoing wet-cupping (hijama) in addition to conventional hypertension treatment, and a control group undergoing only conventional hypertension treatment. Three wet-cupping sessions were performed every other day. Main Outcome MeasureThe mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured using a validated automatic sphygmomanometer. The follow-up period was 8 weeks. ResultsWet-cupping provided an immediate reduction of systolic blood pressure. After 4 weeks of follow-up, the mean systolic blood pressure in the intervention group was 8.4 mmHg less than in the control group (P = 0.046). After 8 weeks, there were no significant differences in blood pressures between the intervention and control groups. In this study, wet-cupping did not result in any serious side effects. ConclusionWet-cupping therapy is effective for reducing systolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients for up to 4 weeks, without serious side effects. Wet-cupping should be considered as a complementary hypertension treatment, and further studies are needed. Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01987583.

Effectiveness of wet-cupping in treatment of BALB/c mice infected by &lt;i&gt;Leishmania major&lt;/i&gt;; pilot randomized trial.

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania major is common in Middle East countries. Most therapies are limited and there is no effective vaccine for leishmaniasis. It has been reported that the ancient practice of wet cupping has been effective in treatment of drug resistant CL in humans. The purpose of this present study was to evaluate the efficacy of wet-cupping in treatment of L. major infected BALB/C mice.Methods: We designed a randomized clinical trial using 12 male BALB/c mice, aged 8-10 weeks (six mice for each experimental and control group). Each mouse was infected with L. major on the left hind footpad. Mice in the experimental group underwent wet-cupping once a week, up to 6 weeks. The appearance of local reaction in the parasite inoculated paw was monitored and footpad thickness was measured for 7 weeks in both groups. Then all mice were killed and their spleen and lymph node cells were cultured and the level of IFN- γ and IL-4 of cultured cells supernatant were measured as the markers of TH1 and TH2, respectively.Results: Lesion size thickness in the intervention mice seemed to grow faster than control ones. There were no significant differences in animal weight, spleen and lymph node weight and total cell number. The level of INF-γ and IL-4 produced by spleen cells of intervention mice was not significantly different from control mice (p=NS).Conclusion: Our study showed that wet-cupping has no significant treatment effect on coetaneous leishmaniasis in BALB/c mice. Interestingly, the disease was more severe in the intervention group.Keywords: Leishmania, wet-cupping

The Effects of Wet Cupping on Serum High-Sensitivity C- Reactive Protein and Heat Shock Protein 27 Antibody Titers in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

Summary Introduction: It has previously been reported that increased level of serum heat shock proteins (Hsps) antibody in patients with metabolic syndrome. It is possible that the expression of Hsp and inflammatory markers can be affected by cupping and traditional Chinese medicine. There is a little data investigating the effects of cupping on markers of inflammation and Hsp proteins,

The effectiveness of wet cupping vs. venesection on arterial O2 saturation level of cigarette smokers: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

Wet cupping is a traditional bloodletting method recommended for controlling of respiratory disease complications. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of wet cupping vs. venesection on arterial O2 saturation level of smokers. This is a randomized controlled clinical trial which started with simple sampling of smokers. After administering spirometery, participants (N = 110 male smokers) with positive pulmonary function test (PFT), who manifested Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The two groups were assessed in terms of demographic data, rate of hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), and arterial O2 saturation. Then, the intervention participants underwent wet cupping whereas venesection was performed on the control participants. At four stages after the two treatments, pulse oximetery was performed. Data was analyzed using SPSS (Version 17). Result shows that mean arterial O2 sat level increased at three stages, namely before, immediately after, and 6 and 12 hrs after these two treatments (p ≤ 0.001). This indicates that wet cupping and venesection alike were effective on O2 sat level in the two groups, but the increasing pattern was maintained 12 hrs afterward only in those participants who had received wet cupping (p ≤ 0.001). Moreover, the results of repeated measure ANOVA between the two groups at the four stages showed that there were significant differences between the means of O2 saturation level at the 6- and 12-hrs stages (F = 66.92, p ≤ 0.001). Wet cupping caused a continued O2 saturation in the intervention group even up to 12 hrs afterward. Participants expressed liveliness and improved respiration after wet cupping. Therefore, wet cupping is recommended for promoting the health of cigarette smokers.