Effects Of Various Schemes Research Articles

Analysis and treatments of primary support failure in large-span tunnel under a soft-hard interbedded surrounding rock mass

The construction of large-span tunnels inevitably involves traversing uneven strata. Due to the influence of the flatness of the large-span tunnel structure and asymmetric surrounding rock loads, concrete cracking and excessive deformation of steel arches occur frequently. Taking a large-span highway tunnel with uneven rock strata as an example, the mechanical behavior, failure causes, failure mechanisms, and treatment techniques of the tunnel's initial support structure were studied. Firstly, field monitoring and systematic analysis of typical sections revealed that the displacement of tunnels on the soft rock side and the contact pressure between the surrounding rock and the support were significantly greater than on the hard rock side. Then, combined with the field test results, a similar model test was designed based on the tunnel structure performance testing platform developed by the research team to study the deformation and failure modes of conventional initial support systems for large-span tunnels under geological unbalanced pressure. Finally, an innovative technique is proposed to adjust external loads and optimize internal forces of the structure by locally adding long anchor rods or cables, and the treatment effects of various schemes are evaluated and compared. The results show that the initial support system exhibits a state of biased pressure in the presence of weak surrounding rock on one side. The maximum bending moment of the soft rock side spandrel bearing structure, the spandrel and vault on the soft rock side are the most vulnerable positions of the structure. By implementing local long anchor or bolts, the stress distribution within the initial support structure of a large-span tunnel can be effectively enhanced. This method offers significant practical value and flexibility, addressing the issue of initial support failure caused by a soft-hard interbedded surrounding rock mass in large-span tunnels.

Simulation of Pollution Apportionment and Optimization of Control Methods in Watershed Scale: A Case Study of the Shun'an Watershed in Tongling City

The protection of the Yangtze River is an important national strategy in China, but it faces many problems such as difficult water environment protection, unclear pollution sources, and low integration of measures. Aimed at addressing watershed scale multi-source pollution together with facing the bottleneck method, by combining research data analysis, mechanism model, and intelligent algorithm optimization, this study built the framework for accurate pollution apportionment, measures evaluation, and overall measure optimization. Shun'an watershed in Tongling City of Anhui Province was set as an example for the application. The results showed that the new method could accurately quantify the impacts of planting industry, rural life, livestock and poultry breeding, aquaculture, industrial sewage, and domestic sewage in the watershed and evaluate the overall effects of various measures. The multi-objective optimization algorithm provided a cooperative multi-source pollution control scheme with higher cost performance and better environmental benefit by comparing the cost effectiveness of various schemes systematically. The optimization scheme showed that total nitrogen could be reduced by 1274.24 t·a-1 in wet years, 855.24 t·a-1 in normal years, and 381.96 t·a-1 in dry years. Total phosphorus was reduced by 321.42 t·a-1 in wet years, 159.80 t·a-1 in normal years, and 42.93 t·a-1 in dry years, such that the water quality reached the surface class Ⅲ water quality standard. These research results can be extended to other watersheds and provide a method reference for water environment protection under the background of the high-quality development of watersheds.

BIOCHEMICAL AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES IN PERIODONTAL DISEASE PATHOGENESIS AFFECTING CHILDREN WITH CONNECTIVE TISSUE DYSPLASIA SYNDROME

The interest taken in studying pathomorphological and pathophysiological mechanisms behind periodontal inflammation affecting children with undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (UCTD) can be accounted for by the disease high prevalence, risk of its progression, as well as morphological and functional immaturity of tissues and low effectiveness of the available treatment options. The study into the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression in the gum and oral fluid biopsy material in children with UCTD is of both scientific and practical value in terms of diagnostic identification, disease course assessment, and the design of individualized treatment modes for periodontal diseases. In order to determine the specific features of MMP-2, MMP-8, MMP-9 expression, our study involved 61 children with periodontal diseases and various degrees of UCTD, as well as 27 healthy children with intact periodontium. The study implied analyzing the participants’ immune-histochemical studies of gum biopsy material and oral fluid enzyme immunoassay results. The enzyme immunoassay of MMP concentration in the oral fluid revealed that children with a prominent degree of UCTD, had their MMP-2, MMP-8, MMP-9 expression (medians 5.49 ng/ml, 478.4 ng/ml, 921.6 ng/ml, respectively) exceeding significantly the concentration of these enzymes in children whose degree of UCTD could be described as mild (medians 2.76 ng/ml, 317.1 ng/ml, 584.3 ng/ml, respectively). An analysis of the MMP expression in the gum biopsy material showed that MMP-2 is not a reliable indicator to offer data required to assess the clinical status of periodontal tissues, since it is detected both in healthy children with intact periodontium and in children with periodontal disease and the UCTD syndrome. MMP-8 and MMP-9 can provide an objective description of the active phase of periodontium inflammation, which means these enzymes should be considered as reliable biomarkers of inflammation activity at the disease manifestation stage. Biochemical and immunohistochemical studies of MMP-2, MMP-8, MMP-9 the expression in oral fluid and gum biopsy material in children with UCTD syndrome should be used to identify the periodontium structural and functional status, the nature of inflammation, to detect potential risk groups vulnerable to the development of periodontal diseases, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of various schemes for comprehensive treatment of periodontal issues.

Pilot study on demister-based dust removal methods for boiler flue gas.

This study explores the synergistic removal effect of various schemes based on demisters on boiler flue gas dust on a pilot-scale experimental bench. The results show that the dust removal efficiency is 28.43-51.30% when demisters are put into operation alone; the larger the inlet dust concentration of demisters is, the higher the dust removal efficiency will be; but it still cannot reach the 10mg/Nm3 ultra-low emission standard. The dust removal efficiency is 93.13% when wet electro-static precipitator and demisters are put into operation simultaneously. Furthermore, the outlet dust concentration is lower than 5mg/Nm3, and the dust removal efficiency of the demisters themselves increases to 67.28%, which has shown a significant improvement compared with operation alone. The dust removal efficiency is 70.98-78.37% when the water-washing layer and demisters are put into operation simultaneously. Moreover, the outlet dust concentration reaches the standard of 10mg/Nm3 when the liquid-gas ratio (L/G) is more than 3.5. This research shows that when the inlet dust concentration is ≤ 35mg/Nm3, the method of "water-washing layer + demisters" can be used as an equivalent alternative to the wet electro-static precipitator when L/G ≥ 3.5, which has reference value for reducing the construction cost of ultra-low emission reformation.

Effectiveness of various regimens of systemic anti-inflammatory therapy with glucocorticoids in the development of acute LPS-induced lung damage in the experiment

BACKGROUND: When studying new and effective methods of treating acute respiratory distress syndrome, an immunogenic model of lung injury occupies a special place. To date, the search for the optimal strategy and regimen for the use of glucocorticoids in the development of acute respiratory distress syndromе is relevant.
 AIM: The article evaluates the effectiveness of various schemes of systemic anti-inflammatory therapy with glucocorticoids in an experimental model of acute LPS-induced lung injury.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 100 outbred male rats. Acute lung injury was modeled using an experimental model of direct acute lung injury by a single intratracheal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the cell wall of the bacterium Salmonella enterica (Sigma-Aldrich) at a dose of LD50 (20 mg/kg). All animals were divided into groups (20 each): 1 intact rats; 2 control group (LPS + saline); 3 LPS + dexamethasone 0.52 mg/kg (small doses); 4 LPS + dexamethasone 1.71 mg/kg (average doses); 5 LPS + dexamethasone 8 mg/kg (high doses). The drugs were administered intraperitoneally once a day for 3 days. Dexamethasone doses were calculated using the interspecies dose transfer method using a factor that takes into account differences in body surface area.
 RESULTS: It has been established that an experimental model based on the endotracheal administration of S. enterica leads to the development of mortality from pulmonary causes. According to a preclinical study, the systemic use of low doses of dexamethasone (0.52 mg/kg) was found to be better than higher doses (1.71 mg/kg, 8 mg/kg) in the treatment of acute LPS-induced lung injury.

EMBRYO FLUSHING IN COWS UNDER VARIOUS SUPEROVULATION SCHEMES

The use of biotechnological reproduction methods is a relevant issue since the embryo transfer, obtained after stimulating superovulation, can accelerate reproduction and improve the number of cattle. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of various schemes for stimulating superovulation in cows of the Ukrainian black-pock dairy breed. Therewith, the study analysed the ovarian response to the drug “FSH-Super” under different introduction schemes: Step-up (gradual increase in the dose) and Step-down (gradual dose reduction) and recorded the number of embryos suitable for transplantation. Donor cows were administered the drug “Estrofan” to synchronise the sexual cycle. After 7 days, the drug “Ovarelin” was injected, and after another 7 days, the injection of the drug “Estrofan” was repeated in the same dose. Stimulation of superovulation began on the 10th day of the sexual cycle with the drug “FSH-super” in the form of eight gradually increasing (Step-up) and gradually decreasing (Step-down) doses within 4 days. Artificial insemination was performed 12 and 24 hours after the start of oestrus. During the study, it was discovered that in the group of cows with gradual dose reduction of the drug “FSH-Super”, 83.3% reacted with superovulation, and in the group with the gradual increase – only 71.4%. Therewith, the number of yellow bodies on two ovaries in a donor cow averages 15.6 and 9.2, respectively. An average of 12.4 and 7.8 embryos (Step-down and Step-up) were obtained from the donor, of which 7.8 and 4.2 are suitable for transplantation, respectively. However, in the group of cows with gradually decreasing doses, a higher number of embryos unsuitable for transplantation was obtained – 4.6 and unfertilised oocytes – 2.6, compared with the group of donors with gradually increasing doses, where these indicators are 3.6 and 1.0, respectively. Thus, the use of the drug “FSH-super” to donor cows according to the step-down introduction scheme allows getting more embryos suitable for transplantation. This will allow managing the biotechnological aspects of cattle reproduction and effectively and in a controlled manner accelerate the breeding process in farms of various forms of ownership, fixing the desired genotype in the herd

The effectiveness comparison of various conservative treatment options of nasopharyngeal inflammation in children

To compare the effectiveness of various schemes of conservative therapy of adenoiditis in children. 154 patients were divided into three groups: group I - standard therapy; group II - standard therapy + a specially developed homeopathic protocol; group III - a specially developed homeopathic protocol. At each of the visits (day 0th, 7th, 30th, and 90th), ENT-organs endoscopy and a 10-point visual assessment of symptoms were performed by analog score. The effectiveness of treatment (day 7th, 30th, and 90th) was evaluated by both doctors and patients. Analysis of the results showed that the symptoms of adenoiditis were stopped most quickly (day 7th) in patients of group I, but more pronounced and prolonged positive dynamics was noted in comparison groups II and III (only in these groups parents/legal representatives of patients rated the effectiveness as recovery in 25% and 35%, respectively). Conservative treatment of adenoiditis: has a positive effect (the severity and duration depends on the therapy regimen); avoids adenotomy, especially in patients who have taken homeopathic medications as a part of combined therapy. The use of a standardized homeopathic protocol is possible, both in combination with the use of other medications, and as monotherapy. Against the background of taking homeopathic medications, undesirable side effects may occur, which the parents of patients should be informed about in advance.

Study on forcing schemes in the thermal lattice Boltzmann method for simulation of natural convection flow problems

AbstractThe present study addresses the effect of various schemes for applying an external force term on the accuracy and performance of the thermal lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for simulation of free convection problems. Herein, the forcing schemes of Luo, shifted velocity method, Guo, and exact difference method are applied by considering three velocity discrete models of D2Q4, D2Q5, and D2Q9. The accuracy and performance of these schemes are evaluated with the simulation of three natural convection problems, namely, free convection in a closed cavity, in a square enclosure with a hot obstacle inside, and the Rayleigh‐Benard problem. The obtained results based on the present thermal LBM with different forcing schemes and velocity discrete models are compared with the existing experimental and numerical data in the literature. This comparison study indicates that imposing all employed forcing schemes leads to similar performance for the simulation of free convection problems studied at the middle range of Rayleigh numbers. It is found that the Luo forcing scheme is simple for implementation in comparison with the other three forcing schemes and provides the results with acceptable accuracy at moderate Rayleigh numbers. At higher Rayleigh numbers, however, the Guo scheme is not only numerically stable but a more precise forcing scheme in comparison with the other three methods. It is illustrated that employing the discrete velocity model of D2Q4 has more appropriate numerical stability along with less computational cost in comparison with two other discrete velocity models for simulation of natural convection heat transfer.

The impacts of agroforestry interventions on agricultural productivity, ecosystem services, and human well-being in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review.

The impacts of agroforestry interventions on agricultural productivity, ecosystem services, and human well-being in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review.

Нодулярный дерматит (обзор)

The paper discusses the topic of the spread of a highly contagious transboundary emergent viral disease of cattle, nodular dermatitis; describes its etiology, epizootological data, pathogenesis, clinical signs and pathological changes, features of the course, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment; the high growth rate of countries where the disease is registered is noted. The Republic of Kazakhstan is among them. The authors paid special attention to the significant economic damage caused by lumpy skin disease, as well as to the effectiveness of various schemes and methods of combating the disease, including stamping out, and in particular to specific prevention using two types of vaccines: heterologous virus vaccines, containing strains of sheeppox virus, and live attenuated virus vaccines from the Neethling strain.

Secure Transmission in Cognitive Wiretap Networks with Full-Duplex Receivers

This paper studies the secure transmission in the dual-hop cognitive wiretap networks, where the secondary transmitter (Alice) aims to transmit confidential information to the secondary receiver (Bob) in the face of a multi-antenna relay (Relay), while the malicious eavesdropper (Eve) is used to eavesdrop the confidential information from Alice and Relay. To improve security, we design two transmission schemes, namely maximal-ratio combining/maximal-ratio transmission-selection combining (MRC/MRT-SC) with half-duplex (HD) receiver and maximal-ratio combining-zero forcing beamforming/maximal-ratio transmission-selection combining-zero forcing beamforming (MRC-ZFB/MRT-SC-ZFB) with full-duplex (FD) receiver. To evaluate the secrecy performance obtained from the proposed schemes comprehensively, the new closed-form and simple asymptotic expressions for the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and secrecy throughput (ST) of our considered networks with MRC-ZFB/MRT-SC-ZFB and MRC/MRT-SC schemes are derived, respectively. Thus, we explore the effect of various schemes on system secrecy performance in terms of SOP and ST. Analytical results and numerical simulations demonstrate that MRC-ZFB/MRT-SC-ZFB achieves better performance in the two proposed schemes. In particular, we show that the FD receiver plays a crucial role in designing the cognitive wiretap networks for protecting the legitimate link against attack from the malicious eavesdropping.

Calculation and Determination of Energy Parameters of the Mini-CHP on the Basis of the Heat Pump

In this paper, the calculation and determination of the parameters of a mini-CHP on the basis of a heat pump is carried out, using four different plant diagrams as the power supply for the heat pump. Thermodynamic calculation of the heat pump. Calculation of the efficiency of the heat pump. Analysis of structural schemes for generating electricity using micro-thermal power plants and based on heat pumps A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of various schemes with mini-CHP. An assessment of the capital costs of installation, operation and determination of the payback period of the mini-CHP on the basis of a heat pump with various plant diagrams is carried out and the most economically advantageous scheme is selected. The practical application of the studied structural schemes is evaluated.

Efficacy of complex medical rehabilitation of employees of special squads with the autonomic dysfunction of the cardiovascular system

Relevance. Vegetative dysfunctions of the cardiovascular system are an actual pathology among the employees of the special agent, while vegetative disorders are not severe. In diagnostics, simple physical methods for estimating are effective, the results of which correlate with the data of instrumental survey. Aticle is devoted to the question of comparing the effectiveness of various schemes of medical rehabilitation of employees of the special agent having manifestations of autonomic dysfunction of the cardiovascular system at the stationary stage. The methods of traditional rehabilitation with the use of physical methods and methods, including complex effects of physical, psychotherapeutic and medicinal methods were compared. It is shown that the complex rehabilitation of the special component. In provides the best performance recovery in the short term and ensures the preservation of good indicators of tolerability of professional factors in the long term.
 Purpose. Study the effectiveness of various schemes of medical rehabilitation of employees of the special agent having manifestations of autonomic dysfunction of the cardiovascular system
 Material and methods. Study was conducted in a group of 60 employees who underwent medical rehabilitation and examination of temporary disability at the centers for medical rehabilitation of the Ministry of internal Affairs of Russia after performing special tasks in 20122013.
 Results. It is shown that complex rehabilitation of a special component C in C provides the best indicators of recovery of working capacity at the short-term stage and ensures the preservation of good indicators of tolerability of professional factors in the long-term period.
 Conclusions. The results obtained show significant advantages of conducting comprehensive medical rehabilitation of employees after performing special tasks, both immediately after their implementation, and in achieving stable remission in the long term, ensuring the retention of qualified and experienced employees and prolonging professional longevity.

CALCULATED RESEARCH OF INFLUENCE OF HELICOPTER MAIN ROTORS GEOMETRY ON THE EFFICIENCY IN HOVER MODE BASED ON THE NONLINEAR VORTEX MODEL

The efficiency of the helicopter main rotor in the hover mode is very important, because this mode essentially determines the performance characteristics of the helicopter. A feature of the helicopter rotor aerodynamics is a significant inductive blade influence that highly defines its aerodynamic characteristics. The problem of the influence of the blade twist and spatial geometric layout of the main rotor on its aerodynamic characteristics in the hover mode for a fixed value of the rotor solidity has been considered in this article. As a criterion of efficiency of the rotor in the hover mode relative efficiency (FoM – Figure of Merit) is used. The results are obtained by numerical simulation based on the nonlinear vortex blade model of the rotor, developed at the Helicopter Design Chair of the MAI. The model allows taking into account a complicated spatial shape of the free vortex path of the rotor blades that determines their inductive interaction. As the example of a four-blade main rotor with rectangular blades in plan, the influence of the value of the blades twist on the efficiency in the hover mode is studied. For different values of the rotor thrust, the values and ranges of the blade twist angles are determined, providing the maximum positive effect of the efficiency increase in hovering. For a fixed value of the blade twist, the rotor solidity, and the same operating conditions, the effect of various schemes and configurations of rotor on its efficiency in hover mode is studied. A single rotor with a different number of blades (from 2 to 6), an X-shaped rotor, coaxial rotor and rotor with crossed blades type "synchropter" are considered. The values of the efficiency increase in hovering depending on the rotor layout in comparison with the two-blade rotor are obtained. The comparative analysis of inductive velocities and streamlines for the "synchropter" rotor scheme, coaxial rotor scheme and its equivalent single rotor scheme is presented. The obtained results can be useful at the stage of preliminary design of vertically taking-off aircraft when selecting the parameters of their main rotor system.

Efficacy and safety of labor induction methods using prostaglandin E1

Worldwide incidence of induced births continues to rise. In developed countries, labor induction frequency approaching 30% of total delivery. The procedure of induction of labor can not be considered completely secure, which leads to the need to find an effective and safe method of labor induction. The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of various schemes of labor induction with prostaglandin E1 and their effect on perinatal outcomes. We studied vaginal and oral misoprostol, as well as induction of labor scheme “chinin-oxytocin”. Evaluated the main parameters of the act of birth and the condition of the fetus and newborn. The high efficiency of misoprostol for induction of labor used, as in the oral and vaginal administration. It was revealed that vaginal administration of misoprostol every third pregnant woman meets irregular, discoordinated contructions, whereas the oral administration of misoprostol this anomaly uterine activity is less common. Most of the children in all groups were born with Apgar scores of 7 points or higher. The data indicate that the efficacy and safety of misoprostol used for labor induction.

EXPERIENCE OF USING A NON-SELECTIVE BETA-BLOCKER IN COMPLEX THERAPY OF REPOLARIZATION DISORDERS IN YOUNG ATHLETES

Purpose. To study the effectiveness of various schemes of correction of repolarization disorder syndrome, including with the use of beta-blockers, in young athletes of the initial training group. Materials and methods. At the first stage, 410 children involved in sports sections were examined. The average age of the examined was 12.22 ± 3.11 years. At the second stage, the athletes (boys) of the initial training group were selected from the surveyed contingent, engaged in martial arts. The groups were formed: A – people with violation of myocardial repolarization processes (72 patients, the average age 10,50 ± 0,35 years), the control group – people without changes in an electrocardiogram (33 people, the average age 10.36 ± 0, 62 years old). All underwent an electrocardiographic study at rest and after physical activity on the Innomed HS80GL apparatus with analysis of the main indicators. The vegetative status and the state of adaptation were estimated by Kerdo index and adaptive potential by Baevsky. After the examination, the subgroup A1 (40 people) was prescribed metabolic and antioxidant drugs. Additionally, in the subgroup A2 (32 people), a non-selective beta-blocker was included in the treatment regimen. The course of treatment is 10 days. The analysis of indicators was carried out in 10 days and in a month after the initiation treatment. Statistical processing was carried out in the program Statistica. Results. An earlier disappearance of cardialgia was determined in the subgroup A2 (p < 0.05), whereas in the subgroup A1, 5% of patients had complaints not only at the end of the course, but also a month later after the initiation treatment. The more rapid positive dynamics of the electrocardiographic pattern with a more stable result was observed with the prescription of a beta-blocker. Conclusion. It was proved the advisability of prescribing of beta-blockers in the treatment of beginning athletes with violation of myocardial repolarization against sympathicotonia.

Prevalence rate and prognostic value of the IL-28 gene polymorphism in hepatitis C patients in the Krasnodar territory

Objective. The study of the prevalence rate of the IL-28B genotype polymorphism in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients in the Krasnodar territory for the prediction of the effectiveness of various schemes of antiviral therapy. Materials and methods. There was executed the determination of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at loci rs8099917 and rs12979860 of the IL-28B gene in 833 CHC genotype 1 patients, aged of from 18 to 73 years, living in the Krasnodar Territory. In 260 cases the viral load has been determined. For genotyping IL-28B there was used the method of allele-specific PCR test system «AmpliSens Genoskrin IL28B-FL» in a amplifier with system of detection offluorescent signal in real-time mode “Rotor-Gene Q” (“Qiagen”, Germany). The investigation of the marker rs12979860 study was performed in combination with the marker rs8099917. Combinations of genotypic variants SNPIL-28B were compared with the rate of early virological response (EVR) and Sustained Virological Response (SVR) under antiviral therapy comprised of two components IFN/ ribavirin (20) andPEG-IFN/ribavirin (68 patients), as well as the "triple therapy": PEG-IFN/RBV/inhibitorsprotease 1 and 2 generations (16 cases). Results and discussion. In the Krasnodar territory in CHC genotype 1 patients there is prevailed heterozygous variant rs12979860 CTIL-28B (58.3%), potentially unfavorable in the prescription of "double" therapy. The detection rate of the protective allele CC is 2.1 times less often (27.7%). In the rs8099917 locus there is dominatedfavorable TTgenotype (53.4%), slightly exceeding the frequency of heterozygous risk genotype GT (41.2%). The frequency of combinations of various protective genotypes (CC+CT), less favorable (CT+TT), the most unfavorable for the prognosis (CT+GT) for two interleukin 28B gene loci is about the same accounting of from 26.3 to 32%. Patients with protective CC+TT alleles had the significantly higher viral load if compared with a group of patients with unfavorable TT+GG homozygotes. In the treatment of CHC patients with genotype CC+CT in investigated loci (rs12979860 and rs8099917) according to such schemes as IFN/RBV and Peg-IFN/RBV, EVR was observed in 100% and SvR - in 89.4-849% ofpatients respectively. The combination of CT+TT alleles of the IL28B gene significantly reduced the effectiveness of treatment of PEG-IFN/RBV to 50%; in this process a combination of CT+GT heterozygotes has the highest proportion while SVR does not exceed 33.3%."Triple" therapy with PEG-IFN/RBV/ protease inhibitors of 1st and 2nd generations eliminates the significance of the combination of unfavorable genotypes SNP of the interleukin 28B gene, allowing to achieve EVR in all the patients with the absence of protective alleles CC+TT, SVR - in 85.7% of cases. Conclusion. In choosing treatment regimens for CHC genotype 1 patients the differentiated approach is appropriate, with taking into account the favorable and unfavorable combinations of genotypic variants of the IL28B gene concerning rs12979860 and rs8099917. In patients with the presence ofprotective alleles CC+TT on these loci, a "double" combination therapy by as pegylated as well standard interferon preparations with ribavirin is highly effective and may be preferred; in the combination of less favorable alleles CT+TT, and particularly unfavorable heterozygotes CT+GT ofIL-28B gene, it is advisable to use a "triple" therapy with PEG-IFN/RBV/protease inhibitors of 1st and 2nd generations or non-interferon regimens. The study of the distribution of SNP genotypes of IL28B genes and their combinations in CHC patients C allowed to evaluate rationally the need of that cohort ofpatients for various, including expensive non-interferon, therapy schemes.

Evaluation of the results of treatment in patients with locally common forms of ovarian cancer in Andijan Regional Oncological Dispensery

The article deals with the treatment and the results of a locally common forms of ovarian cancer. The study included registered in Andijan Regional Oncological Dispensery histologically verified patients with ovarian cancer. The purpose of this section of our study is to evaluate the effectiveness of various schemes of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in combined treatment of patients with locally advanced ovarian cancer. Also, long-term treatment results are obtained depending on the different schemes poliochemotherapy

The effectiveness of various schemes of eradication therapy in children with helicobacter-asociated diseases of upper gastrointestinal tract

Despite the progress achieved in the eradication of H. pylori, the emergence of resistant strains of microorganism requires the search for new medications and treatment regimens.Methods. The study involved 160 children aged 8 - 18 years with disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract associated with Helicobacter. Mucosal biopsies were used for detection of H. Pylori, CagA antigen and antibodies to CagA antigen were tested in stool before the treatment and 4-6 weeks after the treatment (eradication control). Children were divided into eight groups according to the schemes of Helicobacter therapy. The processing of the results was performed using data analysis package Microsoft Office Excel (2003). The difference of indices between the groups was determined using Student's t criteria and considered to be significant at p &lt;0.05.Results. It was figured out that in children who took proton pump inhibitors, clarithromycin and nifuratel during 7 and 10 days in anti-Helicobacter therapy was the fastest regression of the main clinical manifestations of the disease was observed (p &lt;0.05). The highest effect of eradication was achieved in patients taking proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin and nifuratel within 10 days (90%, decrease of relative risk of recurrence is 0.44 (CI: 0.17 - 5.45), and the number of patients who should receive treatment to achieve one positive result - 3.3 (CI: 1.13 - 12.28).Conclusions.1. Different efficiency of Helicobacter therapy in children with Helicobacter-associated pathologies of the upper gastrointestinal tract was determined.2. Eradication of H. pylori was observed in 80% of children in third, sixth and seventh groups. The most effective scheme of anti-Helicobacter therapy in children was the use of proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin and nifuratel within 10 days (90 % eradication)

DRUG THERAPY OF BREAST CANCER PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC BRAIN LESIONS.

The Blokhin RCRC the effectiveness of various schemes of drug therapy in breast cancer patients with brain metastases was evaluated. When using the schemes with anthracyclines (CAF, AC) among 26 patients objective response in the brain (full and partial regression) was registered in 16 (62%) patients (previously untreated patients). Median survival was 12 months. In the group of patients received monotherapy (30 patients), capecitabine was administered at a dose of 2000 mg/m2/day per os the 1 to 14 days every 3 weeks. Partial effect in the brain was registered in 9 patients (30%). Median survival was 15.1 months. In the combination therapy group (capecitabine + radiotherapy) among 30 patients overall effect in the brain was registered in 4 patients (13%), partial response - 18 (60%). Median survival was 22 months. The effectiveness of chemotherapy scheme gemcitabine and cisplatin in 30 breast cancer patients with metastases in the brain, previously treated with I-III line of chemotherapy and radiation therapy in the area of the brain was evaluated. In 4 cases (13.3%) complete regression of metastases in the brain was achieved. In 12 patients (40.0%) a partial regression of metastases in the brain was achieved. Median survival was 10 months. Twenty-three breast cancer patients with overexpression of Her2/neu, and with metastatic brain lesions received capecitabine + lapatinib. Complete response in the brain was achieved in 2 cases (8.7%), partial regression - in 9 cases (39.1%) and stabilization of the disease - in 10 cases (43.5%). Median overall survival was 16 months. Nine patients with breast cancer with overexpression of Her2/neu, and with metastatic brain lesions received therapy with capecitabine + trastuzumab. In 2 cases (22.2%) complete regression of metastases in the brain was achieved, in 4 cases (44.4%) - partial response, in 2 cases (22.2%) - stabilization. The median overall survival was 15.5 months. Thus, the results of this study have shown high efficiency of drug therapy in the treatment of breast cancer patients with metastases in the brain.