Effects Of Vaping Research Articles

Current practices of vaping in Sibu Municipal Council area, Sarawak, Malaysia

Background: The purpose of the study was to explore the attitude and practices towards vaping habits in the Sibu Municipal Council area, Sarawak, Malaysia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 403 participants in Sibu Municipal Council area which is under Sibu district in Sibu Division, Sarawak, Malaysia. Results: The proportion of vape users (11.7%) was higher than the 2016 Malaysian National E-Cigarette Survey's 3.2%. Among vape users, 31.9% had less than 50 puffs daily, 40.4% had 50-100 puffs daily, and 27.7% had more than 100 puffs daily. Prefilled cartridges were the most used vape, followed by drip feed from bottle and tank feed, while 12.8% used other devices and 4.3% were uncertain about their vaping method. Responding with positive attitude towards vaping was 31.8%. Peer pressure to vape among vapers was experienced in 19.1%. Male respondents were more susceptible to vaping. Knowledge about vaping was less informed among 50.4% of participants. There was a significant association between the level of peer pressure and attitude towards smoking where the more peer pressured participants had a more positive attitude towards vaping. Attitudes are not significant difference among different education levels. Conclusions: The rise in male vapers, particularly among young people under peer pressure, is influenced by peer influence, and misconceptions about vaping effects. This study shows the complexity of vaping trends, transcending gender and ethnic boundaries. Further research is needed to understand the underlying factors and young individuals' choices to address this growing public health concern.

Current thinking about the effects of e-cigarettes on oral cancer risk.

In the last decade there has been a significant increase in the appeal and popularity of e-cigarettes. Recent national news headlines outline that one million smokers will be given a free vaping starter kit to encourage them to give up tobacco products. An independent report commissioned by the UK Government has cited promotion of vaping as a critical recommendation to ensuring England is smoke-free by 2030. Undoubtedly, the dental team will now encounter many more questions from patients keen to know more regarding the safety of electronic nicotine delivery systems and their effects on the oral cavity. However, it is often difficult to answer these questions due to a lack of evidence regarding their impact. Although there are some preliminary animal and in vitro data, additional well-designed, long-term studies are required to investigate oral health outcomes of e-cigarette use.We aim to summarise the latest evidence to better inform clinicians about the effects of vaping on oral health, particularly regarding the risks of oral cancer, so they can better inform their patients.

Effects of Vape Use on Oral Health: A Review of the Literature.

Background and Objectives: The widespread use of tobacco has evolved with the popularity of vapes, especially among young people, despite the lack of clarity in warnings about their risks. Studies indicate the need for more effective communication about the oral risks of vaping. In addition to systemic, respiratory, and cardiovascular effects, vaping is associated with an increased risk of gingivitis and periodontal disease as well as reduced antioxidant capacity of saliva. The objectives of this narrative review are to summarize the existing information in the literature on the effects of vaping at the oral level and to bring together knowledge about the mechanism of action of vaping in oral tissues. Materials and Methods: In the present study, articles were searched in PubMed, Elsevier Scopus, and Web of Science using the keywords "oral health", "vaping", and "vape". Studies published in the last 6 years that addressed the effects of oral vaping were selected, including comparisons among vape users, smokers, and non-smokers. Repeated articles, prior to 2017 and in languages other than English, were excluded. Two review authors (A.M.I and M.F.E.M) independently selected the papers based on titles and abstracts and conducted a full review of the remaining papers. In cases of disagreement, a third reviewer was used. Results: A total of 113 results were obtained, distributed as 16 from PubMed, 35 from Web of Science, and 62 from Elsevier Scopus. After removing duplicates, 67 articles were filtered by reviewing titles and abstracts, and finally, 22 articles were selected for comprehensive reading. Subsequently, eight of these articles were chosen for qualitative synthesis and are presented in standardized tables. The sample size of all included studies was composed of 31,647 participants, (14,477 male and 17,170 female) with a mean of 35.016 ± 7.57 years of age. Conclusions: This review indicates that the use of vapes is associated with an increased risk of periodontitis and caries. Although users experience more oral problems than non-smokers, these are less severe than those of traditional smokers. The widespread prevalence, especially among young people, highlights the urgency of awareness campaigns to warn of risks and understand potential harm.

A Global Health Survey of People Who Vape but Never Smoked: Protocol for the VERITAS (Vaping Effects: Real-World International Surveillance) Study.

There is only limited information about the health effects of regular vaping. Research on the health status of people who used to smoke faces the challenge that previous smoking may have caused unknown health effects. Only studies of people who vape but have never smoked combustible cigarettes can enable the detection of harms attributable to vaping. Large prospective studies of well-characterized electronic cigarette users with and without a history of combustible cigarette smoking are warranted to establish the long-term effects of regular vaping on respiratory health. We will conduct a global cross-sectional survey of individuals from 6 world regions. Respiratory symptoms will be assessed using a validated questionnaire-the Respiratory Symptom Experience Scale (RSES). Current vapers who are nonusers of other tobacco or nicotine products will be compared with matched controls who are nonusers of vapes and other tobacco or nicotine products. This will be a multicountry, cross-sectional internet-based survey of 750 adults aged ≥18 years who satisfy the criteria for inclusion in either a cohort of people who exclusively vape and who are nonusers of other tobacco or nicotine products ("vapers cohort"; target N=500) or a cohort of nonvapers who are also nonusers of other tobacco or nicotine products ("controls cohort"; target N=250). The primary end point of the study is the RSES score. RSES scores of people in the "vapers cohort" will be compared with those of people in the "controls cohort." Additionally, the study will collect data to characterize patterns of vaping product use among the vapers cohort. Data collection will include information about the age initiation of using vape products, reasons for starting and continuing the use of vape products, specific types of products used, flavors and nicotine strengths of recently used products, as well as the frequency and intensity of product use in the past 30 days. Participant recruitment started in April 2023, and enrollment was completed by November 2023 with 748 participants. Results will be reported in 2024. This will be the first study providing key insights into respiratory health effects associated with using electronic cigarettes in people who vape with no established use of combustible cigarettes or other tobacco or nicotine products. DERR1-10.2196/54236.

Reducing e-cigarette use among youth and young adults: evidence of the truth campaign’s impact

BackgroundMass media campaigns have been shown to be effective in reducing cigarette use. However, evidence is limited for whether campaigns can shift e-cigarette use among youth and young adults (YYA)....

Use of Vaping as a Smoking Cessation Aid: A Review of Clinical Trials.

Smoking is a global public health concern, with a significant negative impact on human health and healthcare spending. Vaping, or the use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), has emerged as a popular alternative to traditional nicotine replacement therapies (NRTs) for smoking cessation. While considered less harmful than combustible cigarettes, the long-term health effects of e-cigarettes (vaping) are unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and provide a comprehensive overview of the performance of vaping in clinical trials. A search was conducted in the ClinicalTrials.gov database on April 14th, 2023, using the search term "smoking cessation, e-cigarettes, NRTs, and vaping". Inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined to identify relevant clinical trials. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized clinical trials that evaluated vaping as a therapeutic approach to smoking cessation were included. A total of 87 clinical trials were identified, of which only seven were related to smoking cessation through vaping as a form of treatment. The primary endpoint was the effect of vaping as smoking cessation, and the secondary endpoints were patients' abstinence rate, withdrawal symptoms, and adverse events of e-cigarettes. Most of the trials used e-cigarettes as an intervention, with some trials including a combination of e-cigarettes and other NRTs. The trials lasted from 4 weeks to 12 months. The overall results of the trials indicated that vaping was effective in helping smokers to quit. It was also associated with a lower risk of adverse events than combustible cigarettes. Vaping appears to be an effective method for smoking cessation, and it is associated with a lower risk of adverse events than combustible cigarettes.

Effects of vaping on uptake and cessation of smoking: Longitudinal analysis in Aotearoa New Zealand adults.

Globally, the use of vapes, or e-cigarettes, is increasing. While vaping is less harmful than smoking and may help smokers to quit, there is also the possibility that vaping may lead to smoking. The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of vaping and smoking in Aotearoa New Zealand and explore longitudinal pathways between smoking status and vape use. Data related to smoking and vaping status was analysed from Times 10, 11 and 12 across 2018-2020 of the New Zealand Attitudes and Values study, a large, representative, multi-wave study of adults living in New Zealand. Weighted descriptive analyses were used to determine prevalence rates of vaping and smoking and a generalised linear modelling approach was used to examine the likelihood of changing to, or taking up, the other behaviour in the transition between time points. Broadly, the prevalence of smoking was found to be decreasing over time while the prevalence of vaping was increasing. Despite these general trends, no differences were observed in the likelihood of transitioning from smoking to vaping or from vaping to smoking, indicating that either pathway was equally as likely. The current findings demonstrate that vaping appeared to be just as likely to have a gateway effect to smoking as it was to have a cessation effect. This highlights the need for greater consideration regarding vaping-related policies and restrictions.

Vaping Trends and Outcomes in Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty Patients: An Analysis of 21,341 Patients

The effect of vaping on outcomes after total joint arthroplasty (TJA) and its prevalence in this patient population remain unclear. The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to investigate the trends of vaping in TJA patients compared with patients who underwent routine physical examination and (2) to examine the influence vaping has on outcomes after TJA. Patients were classified as never vaped, former vape users, or whether they reported current vaping (CV). TJA patients were further classified based on whether they had no exposure to tobacco or vaping (NTNV), tobacco only (TO), both tobacco and vaping (BTV), or vaping only (VO). The TJA group exhibited a steady trend of patients with CV status (P = 0.540) while patients in the routine physical examination cohort demonstrated a significant upward trend in CV status (P = 0.015). Subanalysis of TJA patients revealed that those in the VO category had significantly higher mean surgical time (P < 0.001), length of stay (P = 0.01), and rates of readmission (P = 0.001) compared with all other subgroups. We found steady or increasing trends of electronic cigarette exposure in both groups over time. Additional efforts should be made to document electronic cigarette exposure for all patients.

0230 Vaping and Sleep as Predictors of Adolescent Suicidality

Abstract Introduction Suicide is a leading cause of death for adolescents aged 14-18. Because of the challenges of suicide prevention interventions (e.g., cost or effectiveness), it is critical to examine potential, modifiable risk factors related to adolescent suicide. This study examined self-reported suicidality, vaping, and sleep quantity among high school students in the U.S. We investigated sleep quantity as a moderator of vaping and multiple aspects of suicidality (thoughts, plans, and attempts). This study is, to our knowledge, the first to examine the effects of both vaping and sleep on suicide outcomes. Methods Authors utilized responses from adolescents with complete data on the primary outcome of a suicide attempt in the past year in the 2019 Youth Risk Behaviors Survey (n=10,520). Logistic regression was utilized to estimate the main effects of vaping in the past 30 days, sleep hours on school nights, and the interaction of vaping and sleep on suicide attempts (primary outcome), suicidal thoughts (secondary outcome), and suicide plans (secondary outcome). Results Students who vaped in the past month had 2.78 (95% CI = [2.171-3.549]) times the odds of a suicide attempt in the last year compared to students who did not vape. Students who slept less than seven hours had 1.93 (95% CI = [1.583-2.352]) times the odds of a suicide attempt in the last year compared to students who slept seven or more hours. Sleep quantity moderated the relationship between vaping and suicidal thoughts in the past year but did not moderate the relationship between vaping and a suicide plan or suicide attempts. Specifically, vaping had a reduced effect on suicidal thoughts among students who slept under seven hours. Conclusion Adolescents who vaped in the past month or who reported less than 7 hours of sleep on school nights had significantly higher odds of reporting a suicide attempt in the past year. Students who vape or report low sleep quantity would be ideal participants in suicide prevention interventions as they may be at higher risk for suicidality. Organizations implementing sleep or vaping interventions should incorporate information regarding the higher odds of suicide among students with low sleep quantity or vaping habits. Support (If Any)

The Effects of Vaping on Human Esophageal Keratinocytes

Although the first electronic cigarette‐like device was patented in the 1930s, the electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) seen today did not infiltrate the US market until 2006. Since the 1960s, nicotine use had plummeted, but the invention and popularization of vapes caused its nationwide resurgence. Unlike smoking, however, little is known about the effects of vaping on the human body. Before individuals can weigh the risks associated with vaping, science must come to a consensus on what those risks are. Much of the vaping research today examines the effects on the brain or lungs; however, effects on the esophagus are not understood. Our study seeks to investigate the effects of different vape chemicals on human esophageal keratinocytes. In vitro experiments suggest that esophageal keratinocytes undergo phenotypic and physiological changes when exposed to various concentrations of vape liquid or nicotine. Additionally, when exposed to the vapor produced by an ENDS, esophageal cells undergo changes in morphology, cell viability, and motility capabilities.

Effect of E-cigarette use on lung immunity to influenza infection

Abstract Use of E-cigarettes, also called vaping, has been significantly increasing, with over 10 million adults and 3 million adolescents reported to actively vape. Of particular concern recently is the association of vaping with increased risk of respiratory infection, including influenza and COVID-19. Despite the claims of safety, lung immunological development appears to be impacted by vaping, with associated pulmonary toxicity and potential to impair immunity against respiratory infections. Immunity against respiratory pathogens, particularly viral pathogens is dependent on a robust CD4 and CD8 T cell responses responsible for viral clearance. CD4 and CD8 T cells then develop memory responses to protect against reinfection. T cell memory also provides protection against infection after vaccination. We asked whether vaping exposure affects T cell responses to influenza infection. We exposed animals for 8 weeks to base components of vape devices, including propylene glycol (PG), vegetable glycerin (VG), and a novel cutting agent, phytol, then assessed immune responses to influenza. We find that PGVG and phytol exposure alters pulmonary function, promotes proteomic changes to the lung, and modify immune cell subsets in the lung. We also find that PGVG and phytol exposure alters T cell responses to influenza infection, particularly T cell memory protection against heterologous infection. These results suggest that vaping affects immune responses to respiratory influenza infection, including T cell memory responses. Effects of vaping on T cell memory may have wide ranging consequences for T cell mediated protection against other respiratory disease including SARS-CoV-2 and protection after vaccination. Supported by NIH (P20 GM121176; P20GM130422)

Effect of vaping on past-year smoking cessation success of Australians in 2019-evidence from a national survey.

Background and aimsPrevious analyses of the effect of e‐cigarettes on real world smoking cessation success have mainly been based on surveys undertaken in the United States and United Kingdom, where nicotine e‐cigarettes can be readily obtained. In Australia, regulations have made obtaining e‐cigarettes containing nicotine difficult. The effectiveness of e‐cigarette use as a smoking cessation aid in Australia might therefore be lower than survey‐based estimates published to date. This study aimed to estimate the effect of using e‐cigarettes for a smoking cessation attempt on past‐year smoking cessation success in Australia.DesignMultivariable logistic regression models for past‐year smoking cessation success.Setting and participantsRespondents to the 2019 wave of Australia's National Drug Strategy Household Survey who made a smoking cessation attempt in the 12 months leading up to the survey.MeasurementsPast‐year smoking cessation success was assumed if a smoking cessation attempt resulted in abstinence of more than a month at the time of the survey.FindingsIn 2019, Australians who attempted to quit smoking using e‐cigarettes achieved greater success than smokers attempting to quit without e‐cigarettes [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.68; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.09–2.60]. If people who only tried e‐cigarettes once or twice are considered not to have used e‐cigarettes, the estimated effect was slightly stronger (aOR = 1.98; 95% CI = 1.27–3.10). Also, the estimated odds ratio was higher among vapers who acquired their e‐cigarettes from overseas websites (aOR = 2.24; 95% CI = 1.02–4.93).ConclusionsUse of e‐cigarettes for a smoking cessation attempt appears to be associated with greater success among Australians who attempted to quit tobacco in 2019 compared with Australians attempting to quit without e‐cigarettes, after adjusting for confounding effects.

Acute Cardiovascular Effects of Vaping Compared to Cigarette Smoking in Young Adults

Background: First introduced as the safer alternative to smoking, vaping has become a popular activity among young adults. However, little is known about the potential health effects of vaping. This pilot project examined the acute cardiovascular effects of nicotine vapes/e-cigarettes (EC) in comparison to tobacco cigarettes (TC) in young adults in order to determine if vaping is more detrimental to cardiovascular health than traditional cigarettes.&#x0D; Methods: 16 healthy participants (7 M, 9 F; 20.2 ± 1.9 years) were recruited to participate in the study. Anthropometric measures were determined upon entry into the study. Circulatory measures (heart rate [HR], blood pressure [BP] and heart rate variability [HRV]) were measured prior to and 10-min following vaping or cigarette smoking and in response to an orthostatic challenge.&#x0D; Results: Resting circulatory and HRV measures were not different between chronic EC-users and TC-smokers. Vaping and cigarette smoking induced a significant increase in cardiovascular measures (HR and BP) but not HRV measures. Both groups responded similarly to the orthostatic challenge prior to and following vaping/smoking.&#x0D; Conclusion: These results indicate that, from a cardiovascular perspective, vaping induces similar acute effects as cigarette smoking and that young adults should be counselled about these adverse effects accordingly.

The effects of vaping on heart health.

The effects of vaping on heart health.

Vaping in Asthmatic Adolescents: Time to Deal with the Elephant in the Room.

Adolescence is a period characterized by developmental, psychological, and psychosocial alterations, with a major impact on youths’ attitudes and perceptions. Adolescents with asthma may not comply with treatment and may develop risky behaviors, including smoking, vaping, and other substance use, leading to unanticipated exacerbations and consequences. Vaping has become extremely popular in this age group, and studies have suggested that it has potential adverse effects on asthmatic airways. More well-designed studies are needed to confirm the initial worrying data, and action must be taken by both medical officers and health authorities to deal with the elephant in the room and curb the vaping pandemic. The aim of this paper is to provide a review of the current knowledge regarding the effect of vaping on adolescents with asthma and to propose actions to restrain this fast-growing trend.

A murine MODEL of e-cigarettes exposure to evaluate the carcinogenic effects of vaping on the bladder urothelium.

566 Background: Data evaluating the carcinogenic potential of e-cigarette (ECS) by-products on the bladder urothelium is scarce, and to date, no group has studied the direct impact of ECS on the urothelium at the genomic and epigenetic level. While it has been published that ECS exposure causes bladder hyperplasia in mice, no bladder tumors formed and the field is therefore lacking appropriate preclinical models to be able to study ECS related bladder cancer. Importantly, whole organ mapping studies of tumor bearing human bladders have identified DNA methylation field changes in “adjacent normal” urothelium as early events in bladder carcinogenesis. Whether ECS exposure results in early field alterations of DNA methylation in the urothelium is unknown. Methods: Mice (4 females, 4 males; 35 weeks old) were exposed to 12% nicotine (120mg/ml) in 1:1 polyethylene glycol: vegetable glycerol (PG/VG) or vehicle (PG/VG) daily: 3 hr sessions, 3 sec vape duration, 10 min interval between vapes. Nicotine and cotinine serum concentrations were measured at 3 hrs, and then at 5 days using LC-MS. Bladders were harvested after 4 weeks. DNA was extracted from microdissected urothelial layer. Reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) was performed (Zymo Research) using 100ng of DNA input and paired-end chemistry. Alignment was performed using Bismark. Number of loci covered by each sample was determined and data was filtered to only include loci with &gt; 10 reads. Differentially methylated loci were determined. Adjusted p-value &lt; 0.01 was used as threshold to generate heatmaps. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was performed to contextualize the DNA methylation changes. Results: Acute and repeated exposure resulted in significantly higher levels of nicotine and cotinine serum concentration in the nicotine group vs. the vehicle group without significant adverse events. No tumors were observed on gross visualization at the time of urothelium harvest. The number of loci in the RRBS libraries with &gt; 10 reads ranged from 130,000 to 250,000. 53 loci were differentially methylated between nicotine and vehicle. These loci did not correspond to the top hyper/hypo methylated genes in premalignant bladder tissue from recently reported whole-cystectomy mapping. Conclusions: We established an effective and safe murine model of ECS exposure closely resembling the human experience of vaping. Significant changes of DNA methylation were observed in mice exposed to ECS vapor vs. a vehicle control after four weeks of daily exposure. Ongoing experiments include longer vaping exposures as well as comparison of RRBS to a recently developed commercial mouse methylarray. Understanding epigenetic and genomic changes as a result of ECS exposure in preclinical models can serve as a foundation for studies developing assays to identify ECS users whose bladders contain early field defects that may place them at higher risk for bladder cancer.

Effect of E‐liquid Base Solution (Vegetable Glycerin or Propylene Glycol) on Aortic Function in Mice

The effects of vaping with electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) on cardiovascular health are still under investigation. An important question that still remains unknown is the role of individual constituents within the e-liquid used for vaping. In this study, we examine the sole effect of either vegetable glycerin (VG) or propylene glycol (PG), without the presence of any flavors or nicotine, on aortic reactivity. Healthy C57BL/6J mice were exposed to e-cig vapor for 4 weeks (5d/wk, 1-hour/day, 60 puffs/day) to e-cig aerosol from either 100% VG or 100% PG e-liquid using a whole-body chamber exposure system (SCIREQ InExpose). Control mice were exposed to ambient air. E-cig aerosol was produced by a Joyetech eGRIP OLED device at 17.5 watts, with 5-second puff duration. Mice were sacrificed >24 hours after their final exposure, and thoracic aortas were excised, cleaned of perivascular adipose tissue, and were cut into 2mm ring segments. Aortic rings were mounted on wire myograph system (DMT, AD Instruments) containing warm aerated Krebs-Henseleit buffer solution. The vessels were pre-constricted with 50 µL of U46619 [7.5e-9 M], and then exposed to a serial dilution of methacholine [MCh 10-9 to 10-5 M] to assess endothelial-dependent (EDD) vasodilation, and separately to serial dilutions of sodium nitroprusside [SNP 10-9 to 10-5 M] to assess endothelium-independent (EID) vasodilation. In PG-exposed mice, max aortic EDD was reduced by 18±2% (P<0.05) compared to controls, and reduced by 14±2% (P<0.05) compared to VG-exposed mice. VG-exposed mice were not significantly different compared to controls. Maximal aortic EID was slightly impaired in PG- mice compared to control (8±2% P<0.05) and VG (5±1% P<0.05) groups. In summary, chronic exposure to e-cig aerosol from PG in the base solution resulted in aortic EDD and EID dysfunction, however VG-exposed mice were not affected. These data suggest that both endothelial-dependent and -independent mechanisms are adversely affected by PG, and therefore vaping with PG in the base solution alone poses a significant risk for adverse cardiovascular health effects.

Combination of vaping, cannabis and smoking exposure: shorter time to bullous lung disease and pneumothorax

We present a 25-year-old Hispanic man with left-sided pleuritic chest pain and dyspnea for three days. His Chest radiograph and CTA revealed bilateral apical bullous disease with a 2.5 cm deep left sided pneumothorax. He was managed with 100% oxygen via non-rebreather mask and did not require invasive decompression. Patient reported a one-year history of vaping along with tobacco and cannabis smoking exposure from his late teen years. The pneumothorax improved and he was discharged to the pulmonary clinic. The authors review the multiplicative effect of vaping on smoking cannabis and tobacco leading to early apical bullous lung disease. Patients with such significant smoking/vaping history may benefit from prolonged pulmonary and addiction medicine follow-up given the clinical bullous lung disease and risk for continued smoking/vaping. The case emphasizes the potential exponential effect of combining vaping with tobacco and marijuana smoke on lung health leading to disease at extremely young ages.

Sex differences in the induction of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) in mouse lungs after e-cigarette vapor exposure and its relevance to COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected over 114 million people and has resulted in >2.5 million deaths so far. Some people have greater susceptibility which influences both SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and COVID-19...

A Problem To Be Solved: Vaping and EVALI in Coronavirus Days

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak was declared as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. The disease has a high infectivity and the most common symptoms are related to respiratory system. Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), considered by many as an alternative for cigarette smoking, rapidly gained popularity in recent years. Despite a legal age requirement of 18 years for purchasing e-cigarettes, use of vaping products has been increasing particularly among younger people. These products are known to cause a special type of disease called “e-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury” (EVALI) which may be highly fatal. Diagnostic criteria for EVALI consists of a mixture of non-specific systemic symptoms (eg, fever, chills, and vomiting) and respiratory symptoms (eg, shortness of breath, cough, chest pain, dispnea, and hypoxia), along with detection of lung opacities and ground-glass opacities (GGOs) on imaging. Commonly, findings of EVALI reveal similarities with those of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In the literature, there are numerous studies indicating e-cigarette users (vapers) have impaired immune response that might increase vulnerability to COVID-19 infection and death. However, studies claiming that smoking has protective effects against COVID-19 still exist in the literature. In this narrative review, we aimed to clarify confusions on effects of vaping on COVID-19 patients and prevent misdiagnoses of EVALI due to similarities of these diseases in many aspects.