Effect Of Tricalcium Phosphate Research Articles

Effect of Tricalcium Phosphate and Calcium Sucrose Phosphate on the Inhibition of Streptococcus mutans: An In Vivo Study

To determine the efficacy of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and calcium sucrose phosphate (CSP) on the inhibition of Streptococcus mutans (SM). Thirty healthy children between 13 and 18 years of age were divided into two groups of 15 each; Group I receiving TCP-containing cream and Group II receiving calcium sucrose phosphate-containing cream. On the first day of the study, 30 minutes after breakfast, baseline plaque samples were taken from the buccal surface of first mandibular permanent molar using a sterile wedge which was immediately transferred to sterile container containing 1 mL of saline, and were subjected to microbiological examination. On the following days, both the creams were applied to the respective groups. On the 16th day, plaque samples were collected from the same site, and colony forming units were recorded using agar plate as a culture medium. The mean of S. mutans count before application of TCP-containing paste was 16.27 cfu per mL and before calcium sucrose phosphate-containing paste was 15.33 cfu per mL. The mean after application of TCP-containing paste and calcium sucrose phosphate-containing paste was 3.53 and 9.87 cfu per mL, respectively. And, there was a statistically significant difference found within the groups. Both TCP and CSP have an inhibitory effect on S. mutans. This can be an effective preventive tool for children with high caries risk and even for special child. Both TCP and CSP deposit the mineral reservoir in plaque and saliva; it may help resist the future cariogenic challenges.

Effects of tricalcium phosphate in polycaprolactone scaffold for mesenchymal stem cell-based bone tissue engineering

ABSTRACTPolycaprolactone (PCL) – tricalcium phosphate (TCP) is an established composite material for bone tissue engineering. However, the effects of TCP inclusion in PCL for cell attachment, viability, proliferation and differentiation have not been defined. In this study, PCL and PCL-TCP scaffolds are seeded with human fetal mesenchymal stem cells (hfMSC), cultured in osteogenic differentiation medium, and cell attachment, viability, cellular proliferation, differentiation and extracellular mineral depositions were compared. Both materials allowed for good cell attachment and viability, while the final cellularity in PCL-TCP scaffolds was 1.25-fold higher than PCL scaffolds. Mineralisation on both scaffolds was similar, after correcting for the initial calcium in the PCL-TCP scaffolds. In conclusion, the addition of 20% TCP into the macroporous PCL scaffold resulted in 1.25-fold higher cellularity, which may be advantageous for transplantation purposes.

The Effects of Tricalcium Phosphate and Novamin Remineralizing Agents on Microhardness of Bleached Enamel with 35% Hydrogen Peroxide-An In vitro Study

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluated the effects of remineralizing agents (Tricalcium phosphate and Novamin) on microhardness of bleached enamel surface with 35% hydrogen peroxide (in office).Materials and Methods: Forty human permanent maxillary premolars free from caries or enamel malformation were used. The teeth were sectioned transversally across the cemento-enamel junction, and specimens were embedded in self-cure acrylic. The labial enamel surface faced upward and then they were ground flat and polished with silicon carbide abrasive papers. A total specimen were prepared and kept in deionized water. Then the specimens were drying subjecting them for baseline microhardness testing (control). The dental bleaching treatment was performed just on the labial enamel surface of the specimens using a commercial 35% hydrogen peroxide Whitness HP bleaching gel (in-office ).It was used according to the manufacture instruction. Microhardness was tested for all specimens after bleaching. Specimens were divided into two groups according to remineralizing agent n=20, Group I: Treated by NUPRO Sensodyne with NovaMin, Group II: Treated by Clinpro™ White Varnish Tri-Calcium Phosphate. The remineralizing agent was applied for three minutes per day. Two remineralizing agents were applied for fourteen consecutive days. After each application procedure, the specimens were washed with deionized water and then kept in artificial saliva. At the end of the fourteen days the remineralized specimens were subjected to microhardness testing and values were recorded. All the data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: Results revealed that a statistically significant decrease on mean microhardness values after enamel bleaching compared to control, followed by a significant increase on mean microhardness after the application of the both remineralizing agents. One way-ANOVA showed a statistically insignificant difference between NUPRO Sensodyne with NovaMin and Clinpro™ White Varnish at p≥0.05.Conclusions: Based on the results of this in vitro study both Tricalcium phosphate and Novamin are effective in remineralization of bleached enamel surface and no significant difference was detected in their efficacy.

Characterization of genotypic variability associated to the phosphorus bioavailability in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

In order to assess genotypic variability in some peanut genotypes depending on phosphorus availability, both effects of tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) and inoculation by Bradyrhizobium strain (BR) on morphological and physiological parameters were studied in five peanut genotypes (Arachis hypogaea L.), originated from two Algerian areas (Northern and Southern). The results obtained during the flowering stage of crop development, confirmed the positive effect of the contribution of tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) with Bradyrhizobium strains on the morphological characters (shoot biomass, root biomass, nodular biomass and leaf) and the physiological (nitrogenase activity, phosphorus absorption efficiency by roots (RPAE) and phosphorus use efficiency (PUE)) for the peanut genotypes cultivated in this experiment. Among five genotypes tested, it was noted that the Southern genotypes were more efficient to use TCP in the presence of Bradyrhizobium strain after a screening of these local genotypes, in particular, with phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) and shoot biomass production.

Inhibitory Effect of Tricalcium Phosphate Sintered at Different Temperatures on Human Breast Cancer Cell Line MCF-7

Inhibitory Effect of Tricalcium Phosphate Sintered at Different Temperatures on Human Breast Cancer Cell Line MCF-7

The features of combustion and structure formation of ceramic materials in the TiC–Ti3POx–CaO system

The results of a study focused on combustion synthesis of the biocompatible ceramic material TiC–Ti3POx–CaO is reported. The effect of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) additives on the combustion process of the (100% – X)(Ti+0.5C)+X% Ca3(PO4)2 mixture, and the phase and structure formation of synthesis products, was studied. Parallel chemical reactions between Ti and C and between Ti and Ca3(PO4)2 occur in the combustion wave. It was shown that the resulting melt is based on titanium, and TCP forms the reactionary surface by capillary spreading onto the carbon black surface. The SHS product consists of an interconnected skeleton of nonstoichiometric titanium carbide grains with the titanium phosphate (Ti3POx) phase distributed uniformly along the grain boundaries, with inclusions of calcium oxide (CaO). The presence of the CaTiO3 phase is indicative of the interaction between calcium oxide and unreacted titanium in the post-reaction zone. Dense ceramic materials consisting of round-shaped grains of nonstoichiometric titanium carbide TiC0.55–TiC0.6, titanium phosphate (Ti3POx) and calcium oxide (CaO) were produced using the forced SHS- pressing technology. Increasing the TCP concentration reduces the size and hardness, but increases the residual porosity of structural components.

The effect of tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) addition on the degradation of polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA)

This paper investigates the effects of alpha-tri-calcium phosphate (alpha-TCP) addition on the properties of polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA). Samples with additions of 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 and 40 wt% alpha-TCP were prepared via a hotpressing method. Long-term in vitro studies (up to 60 days) were carried out in pH 7.4 phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Degradation properties were investigated by monitoring pH, water uptake and mass loss. Dissolution of calcium was analysed with inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP). Internal changes of the sample structure were studied with X-ray microtomography (microCT). Change in the mechanical properties was assessed in tensile tests prior to degradation. With an addition of 40 wt% alpha-TCP, the onset of mass loss could be retarded by 18 days; at the end of the study the pH of the buffer solution was reduced to only 4.3 in comparison to 3 for pure PLGA. Although degradation properties seemed to be strongly dependent on the amount of alpha-TCP added, all samples appeared to show faster internal degradation when assessed with microCT.

The Effect of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate on Particle Size in Suspension Polymerization of Styrene: A New Investigation

It is well known that inorganic solids can be used for droplet stabilization in suspension polymerization. This work investigates the effect of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) as an inorganic stabilizer and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) as a surface active agent for suspension polymerization of styrene. The results show that when large amounts of TCP is used, the amount of SDBS has no effect on particle size. The effect of concentration of SDBS will be very important if a small amount of TCP is used. Scanning electron microscopy analysis shows that TCP is adsorbed on the surface of monomer droplets and also the coalescence factor changes with concentration of SDBS in the solution.

Effect of tricalcium phosphate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate on the mechanical properties of acrylic bone cement

AbstractThe effects of the addition of tricalcium phosphate (TCP), hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) on the properties of standard surgical Simplex‐P radiopaque bone cement have been investigated. The fracture surface after tensile test was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The influence of these components on the temperature rise during polymerization was investigated. It was found that the tensile strength, the bending strength, and the compressive strength decreased with increasing TCP content, whereas the inverse was observed for the Young's modulus. The tensile strength slightly increased with increasing HEMA content and then it levelled off when the HEMA content was higher than 15 wt.‐%. It seemed that there were maximum tensile, bending and compressive strengths when 2 wt.‐% EGDMA (in HEMA) was added. Polymerization occurred more rapidly when HEMA and EGDMA were added, whereas the inverse result was found with TCP.

Calcium phosphate

In an effort to reduce the risk of colorectal cancer development, oral calcium carbonate supplementation has been used in previous studies for the precipitation of cytotoxic bile acids and fatty acids. In human intervention trials its effect on mucosal hyperproliferation in the colorectum has not always been satisfactory. Because the complexation of calcium and bile acids requires the formation of calcium phosphate, we performed an intervention study in 14 healthy volunteers, giving them 1,500 mg calcium as Ca3(PO4)2 for 1 week. The effects of tricalcium phosphate on luminal and faecal parameters of cytolytic activity were evaluated before, during, and after calcium phosphate supplementation. The cytolytic activity of faecal water and intestinal alkaline phosphatase activity in faecal water were not affected by supplemental calcium phosphate. In duodenal bile, the proportion of cholic acid tended to increase, whereas that of chenodeoxycholic acid tended to decrease during calcium phosphate supplementation. Neither concentrations of total and individual faecal bile acids, nor that of faecal fat were affected during calcium phosphate supplementation. It is suggested that, although phosphate is involved in bile acid precipitation, phosphate competes for calcium in the binding of fatty acids. This might possibly explain the unchanged cytolytic potency of faecal water, and therefore does not make tricalcium phosphate a suitable calcium compound for dietary intervention.

Removal of Radiostrontium from Milk with Tricalcium Phosphate and Resulting Changes in Milk Composition

The effectiveness of tricalcium phosphate in removing Sr-85 from milk and the effects of the procedure on milk composition were studied. The phosphate was added to milk at the rate of 80g per liter and the resulting precipitate, containing Sr-85, was removed by centrifugation.Heating milk to 70C for 30min, immediately following addition of phosphate, resulted in removal of 85% of the Sr-85.When the pH of milk was adjusted to 5.4 with H3PO4, then to 8.2 with KOH before adding phosphate, 90% removal of Sr-85 was obtained by heating to 70C for only 3min. When phosphated milk (pH 6.6) was stirred at 5C for 24 hr, only 60% of the Sr-85 was removed.All procedures utilizing calcium phosphate precipitation reduced the milk nitrogen from 23 to 38%. Usually, more than 45% of the milk calcium, in addition to the added phosphate calcium, was precipitated. Also, a decrease in milk phosphorus occurred in some instances.