Effect Of Strategic Supplementation Research Articles

Effect of the Strategic Supplementation for Producing Embryos of Native Hartón del Valle Heifers

Nutritional imbalances have been confirmed in other breeds, related to energy, proteins and minerals and this affects embryonic development, production of quality. In this regard, the objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of strategic supplementation for the production of embryos in native Harton del Valle heifers. For that purpose, 18 pure heifers were used, fed with a diet containing 0.708 kg of crude protein and 73.58 kg of ME Mjul. The economic evaluation was carried out using the partial budgeting technique. Treatments consisted of T1: Without supplementation, T2: Supplementation, 42 days before protocol, T3: 42 days of supplementation, 26 days before and 16 days during protocol. Variables evaluated were number of structures, transferable embryos, number of Non-Transferable Embryos (NTE), number of corpora lutea, follicles and embryonic quality. Non parametric analysis of variance was performed, according to a completely randomized design and comparison of proportions (chi-square). When analyzing the proportion of NTE Vs. the total, it was lower (p˂0.05) in supplemented treatments, regardless of the period in which supplementation was carried out. Supplementation, in both phases of the protocol, increased the proportions of early morulae and blastocysts (p<0.05). In the economic analysis, profits increased by 2.05 and 1.53 times in favor of the supplementation. Supplementation to Harton del Valle heifers, before and during superovulation, favored the biological response of collected structures, number of follicles and corpora lutea. Similarly, the proportion of transferable embryos, early morulae and quality one blast cells increased, in addition to achieving a higher cost/benefit relationship.

Effects of rice bran and glycerin supplementation on metabolic and productive responses of beef cows

ABSTRACT Fifty-seven primiparous Angus, Hereford, and crossbred cows were used to study the effect of strategic supplementation on metabolic, productive, and reproductive responses. The experiment had two periods including four phases: prepartum supplementation (phase I; 52 days), early postpartum (phase II; 43 days), pre-mating supplementation (phase III; 21 days), and the last phase including mating, gestation, and lactation until weaning (phase IV; 103 days). Phases I and II were considered as period 1, and phases III and IV were considered [...]

Effect of strategic supplementation on growth performance and economics of Barbari goat kid production on rangelands

The effect of supplementary feeding of concentrate feeds was assessed on performance, and economics of kids with grazing based production system. Male Barbari kids (30) were divided randomly in 5 equal groups. Kids were allowed 8 h daily grazing and offered arhar straw (Cajenus cajan) ad lib. after grazing for 128 days. Kids of control group did not provide any concentrate supplement, while other kid groups received either concentrate pellet feed (CPF), barley grains (BG), wheat bran plus mineral mixture and salt (WBMS) or barley grain plus mineral mixture and salt (BGMS) at 1% of live weight after grazing. The final live weights were the highest in CPF (27.6 kg) supplemented kids, whereas other groups of kids had the lower final live weights. Total live weight gains were higher in CPF (12.33 kg), BG (10.20 kg) and BGMS (10.03 kg) supplemented kids in comparison of control (7.18 kg) and WBMS (9.05 kg) group of kids. Average daily gain (ADG) ranged between 51.6 and 88.7 g, which is higher in the kids of CPF group. The CPF supplementation improved growth of kids by 73%, followed by BG (42%) than that occurred in control kids. Total volatile fatty acids and NH3-N were similar among the groups, whereas concentrate supplemented kids had the higher protozoa population in rumen fluid. Hematology and plasma minerals were also not different among kids groups. Although the supplementary feeding have increased the cost of feeding from Rupees 227 to 401 on each kid, however net return on each kid over the control were Rupees 467, 712, 755 and 1,287, respectively, in WBMS, BGMB, BG and CPF group of kids. Study concluded that supplementary feeding of 1.0% concentrate provided higher economic returns over the kids managed on grazing alone, and the feeding of concentrate pellet provided maximum net returns.

The effect of strategic supplementation with trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid on the milk production, estrous cycle characteristics, and reproductive performance of lactating dairy cattle

The objective was to determine the effects of a protected (lipid-encapsulated) conjugated linoleic acid (LE-CLA) supplement on milk production, estrous cycle characteristics, and reproductive performance in lactating dairy cows on a pasture-based diet. Spring calving dairy cows (n=409) on a single pasture-based commercial dairy farm were used in a completely randomized block design. Cows were assigned to 1 of 2 dietary supplements [LE-CLA (n=203) or no supplement (control, n=206)]. The LE-CLA cows received 51g/d of a lipid supplement containing 5g of both trans-10,cis-12 and cis-9,trans-11 CLA from 0 to 60 d in milk. Milk samples were collected 3 times weekly, and each sample was analyzed for progesterone to determine the interval to first ovulation and estrous cycle characteristics. Milk yield and concentrations of fat, protein, and lactose were measured every 2 wk. Cows were inseminated following visual observation of estrus. The breeding season commenced on April 8, 2009 and continued for 16 wk. Transrectal ultrasonography was carried out at 30 to 36 d and 60 to 66 d post-AI to diagnose pregnancy. The LE-CLA treatment resulted in a decrease in milk fat concentration (36.9±0.06g/kg vs. 30.7±0.06g/kg for control and LE-CLA, respectively) and yield (0.91±0.02kg/d vs. 0.84±0.02kg/d for control and LE-CLA, respectively); however, milk yield was increased by LE-CLA supplementation (24.7±0.7kg/d vs. 27.2±0.7kg/d for control and LE-CLA, respectively), resulting in no overall difference in milk energy output. No effect of LE-CLA was observed on any estrous cycle characteristics or measures of reproductive performance. These results support that in pasture-based systems of dairy production, where energy intake limits milk production, energy spared by CLA-induced milk fat depression is partitioned toward increasing milk yield rather than toward body reserves.

Effect of strategic supplementation with different proportion of agro-industrial by-products and grass hay on body weight change and carcass characteristics of tropical Ogaden bulls (Bos indicus) grazing native pasture

The effect of supplementation with agro-industrial by-products and hay on body weight change and carcass characteristics of Ogaden bulls grazing natural pasture was investigated at Haramaya University beef farm. Eighteen uniform and healthy Ogaden bulls with initial mean body weight of 258.5±41.5 kg were selected from the University farm and randomly assigned to one of the three treatments. Treatment 1 (T1; Control) constituted grazing natural pasture alone, while treatments 2 and 3 constituted grazing natural pasture supplemented with agro industrial by-products and hay at a ratio of 25:75 and 50:50, respectively. Average daily body weight gain was highest (P < 0.05) for bulls in T3 (0.65±0.05 kg), while no difference was observed between bulls in T2 (0.47±0.05) and T1 (0.39±0.05). Mean body condition score was highest (P < 0.05) for bulls in T3 and T2 compared to bulls in T1. Feeding period influenced (P < 0.05) body weight change and body condition score , where bulls in the final period were heavier and had better body condition score than the preceding periods Feeding Ogaden bulls with T3 and T2 improved (P < 0.05) empty body and hot carcass weights compared to grazing alone (T1). Dressing percentage was slightly higher for bulls in T3 and T2 compared to bulls in T1. Thus, it could be concluded that supplementation with T3 would be a better feeding strategy to improve the performance of Ogaden bulls under tropical environment. Key words: Body weight, body condition score, carcass and non-carcass components, supplementation, Ogaden bulls.

Effect of strategic supplementation with multi-nutrient urea molasses blocks on body weight and body condition score of Lohi sheep owned by tenants of Pakistan

The effect of strategic supplementation with multi-nutrient urea molasses blocks (MNUMB) on BW and body condition score (BCS) in Lohi ewes (treated, n = 514) during late gestation and lactation was compared with those (control, n = 391) grazing on only post-harvest crop residues and road side in the irrigated district of Okara in central Punjab (Pakistan). Analysis of variance revealed highly significant ( P < 0.01) differences in body weight (BW) and body condition score (BCS) of ewes of various ages with different reproductive status and seasons under both flocks. Analysis of variance also revealed a significant interaction ( P < 0.05) between reproductive status and seasons in favor of BCS. Ewes aged 48 months in average constituted the highest (34.5% and 35.6%), whereas those aged 60 months had the smallest (10% and 4%) proportion in the control as well as in the treated flock. Mean BW and BCS in ewes of control flock was 33.5 and 2.08 kg, and lower ( P < 0.05) than 35.0 and 2.31 in ewes in the treated flock, respectively. Ewes aging 12, 24 and 36 months treated with strategic supplementation of MNUMBs were not only heavier ( P < 0.01) but also had highest BCS of 2.34. Lactating ewes constituted highest proportion (39%, 51%) followed by pregnant (35%, 32%) ewes in both flocks, respectively. Proportion of dry (16%) and freshly conceived (9.5%) ewes tended to be higher in the control than in the treated flock. BW was 8–11% higher ( P < 0.01) in pregnant than in lactating or dry ewes in both flocks with similar BCS. Seasons of autumn and summer were found to affect BW more ( P < 0.01) than BCS. Pregnant ewes in treated flocks had gained highest BW, 10–12% higher than ewes under control ( P < 0.01) or than non-pregnant ewes ( P < 0.05) but lost at a rate of 5–6% at lambing. BW in lactating ewes in treated flock was higher ( P < 0.01) than ewes in control. Lambs suckling ewes with strategic supplementation of MNUMBs grew at a faster rate (122 g/day) with 10–15% higher survival rate than those (97 g/day) in the control flock during lactation of 16 weeks but non-significantly. Based on this improvement it can be concluded that supplementation with appropriate sources of energy and N exerts desirable effects on the traits of economic importance in sheep.

Effects of the strategic supplementation of does’ diets on goat performance and smallstock keeper livelihood in the Gangetic plains of Nepal

Keeping goats can make an important contribution to the livelihoods of small and landless farmers in Nepal, one of the world’s poorest countries. Work with four communities in the Dhanusha district of southern Nepal identified that a key constraint to goatkeeping in this area was doe infertility. Of 114 does over 10 months old that were monitored for a 12 month period, 33 did not kid and a further six were sold because of infertility. The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of strategic supplementation of does’ diets on doe and kid performance, and on the contribution that the goat flock made to the livelihoods of the goatkeepers.