Effectiveness Of State Control Research Articles

Reform of state regulation of educational activities

Introduction. An effective system of state regulation in the field of education makes it possible to eliminate excessive administrative restrictions or barriers for educational organizations. The existence of state regulation of educational activities is due to the public-legal principles of educational law and the need to ensure the rights of students.Problem statement. The presence of legal uncertainties, corruption-causing factors in the mechanism of state regulation of educational activities leads to negative consequences for educational organizations, hinders the performance of state functions of a social orientation. Excessive legal regulation traditionally leads to the cancellation of the effect of state control. The process of changing the Federal State Educational Standard eases the burden of responsibilities of educational organizations, since the scope of the powers granted in the development of an educational program is expanding, however, an increase in the volume of dispositivity leads to problems of quality compliance checks, since it becomes difficult to argue the fact of violation.Methodology of the study. Theoretical and empirical methods were used in the research process. Legal analogy, law comparison and legal abstraction were used.The results. There is an obvious imbalance between the public and private interests of state in the field of education. A change in the usual and sufficiently effective system of state control leads to the substitution of some well-known and well-established legal categories by others. There is a lack of uniformity in law enforcement. The problems of the development of the Federal State Educational Standard by areas and types of professional activity are relevant. The modern system of state regulation is characterized by an increase in the volume of the regulatory framework, as well as the growth of local law-making, which leads to the impossibility of fulfilling all mandatory requirements. Due to the lack of unified requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard, it is advisable to consider the introduction of the institute of self-regulating organizations in the field of education.Conclusions. The ongoing rapid restructuring of the system of state regulation of educational activities leads to an increase in conflicts in educational legislation, including among the fundamental normative legal acts. The current policy of increasing the academic freedom of educational organizations, their capabilities in the development of educational programs leads to problems of state control over the quality of educational activities. Further development of the system of state regulation should take place in the direction of improving the Federal State Educational Standard and reducing the administrative burden on educational organizations.

Improvement of state control of food safety taking into account the requirements of the legislation of the European Union

The article is devoted to the issues of improving the legal basis of state control of food safety in the context of harmonisation of national legislation of Ukraine with the relevant legislation of the European Union. The relevance of the study is due to the need to improve the effectiveness of state control of food safety to guarantee European standards for the protection of human health. The purpose of the study is to clarify the structural features of legislation related to state control of food safety, identify practical issues of legal regulation of state control of food safety and develop ways to solve them. The methodological basis of the research consists of the comparative legal method, historical-legal and dialectical methods, methods of analysis and synthesis, system-structural and formal-legal methods. It was found that food legislation and feed legislation have a common goal of legal regulation – the protection of human health, although from a formal point of view they are different areas of law. Insufficient legal certainty of such grounds for unscheduled inspections as reasonable suspicion of non-compliance with legal requirements is due to different approaches to the formulation of powers of regulatory authorities in Ukraine and the European Union. In order to avoid corruption factors during state control of food safety, it is better to introduce information and communication technologies, and not resort to incomplete harmonisation of the legislation of Ukraine with the legislation of the European Union. The introduction of the European concept of food fraud in Ukraine requires its coordination with criminal and administrative legislation, as well as the creation of the necessary organisational and legal conditions for identifying relevant offenses during state control of food safety

State ownership and the risk‐reducing effect of corporate derivative use: Evidence from China

AbstractUsing hand‐collected derivative use data on publicly listed firms in China, we document that derivative use has a significant risk‐reducing effect, but this effect is 40% weaker in state‐owned enterprises (SOEs) than in non‐SOEs. We also find that soft‐budget constraints and information transmission inefficiency are two mechanisms through which state ownership impedes this risk reduction. First, financial distress reduces the impact of the soft‐budget constraints, mitigating the weaker risk‐reducing effect of state control. Second, the risk‐reducing effect of derivative use is weaker in local SOEs than in central SOEs, as the former are subject to more information frictions than the latter. Our paper provides new information and insight into risk management effectiveness from the perspective of ownership identity.

Ownership structure and collateral requirements: Evidence from China's listed firms

This paper examines the effect of ownership structure on collateral requirements using a sample of China's listed firms from 2007 to 2009. We find that compared to privately controlled companies, state-controlled companies are less likely to be required to pledge collateral, and such a difference is more pronounced for firms in troubled industries. The empirical results also show that the effect of state control on collateral requirements is weaker in companies with more foreign ownership. Moreover, the effect of state control on collateral requirements is weaker in companies with more third party guarantees. Finally, we find that the effect of state control on collateral requirements is more pronounced for firms operating in regions with more government intervention.

Ownership Structure and Collateral Requirements: Evidence from China's Listed Firms

This paper examines the effect of ownership structure on collateral requirements using the sample of China’s listed firms from 2007 to 2009. We find that compared to privately controlled companies, state-controlled companies have lower collateral requirements, and such difference is more pronounced for firms in troubled industries. The empirical results also show that companies with more foreign ownership have lower collateral requirements, and the effect of state control on the collateral requirements is weaker in such companies. As well, companies with more third party guarantees have lower collateral requirements, and the effect of state control on the collateral requirement is weaker in such companies. In addition, we find that institutional development is of importance in reducing collateral requirements for privately controlled companies while its role is overturned for state-controlled companies.