Effects Of Spinal Injury Research Articles

P155. Mortality and cause of death in patients with traumatic spinal injury: a propensity matched cohort study among 2,893 patients with major trauma

<h3>BACKGROUND CONTEXT</h3> Major trauma is defined as significant injury or injuries that have potential to be life-threatening or life-changing, which is quantitatively identified as an Injury Severity Score (ISS) of > 15. The ISS is a widely used anatomical scoring system because of its high correlation with mortality. But since spinal injuries are not independently reflected in the ISS calculation, the effect of spinal injury on mortality in patients with major trauma has not been fully explained. <h3>PURPOSE</h3> The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of spinal injury on mortality and outcome in patients with major trauma. <h3>STUDY DESIGN/SETTING</h3> A propensity-matched cohort study. <h3>PATIENT SAMPLE</h3> We evaluated patients with major trauma who visited a Level 1 trauma center between January 2016 and December 2020. <h3>OUTCOME MEASURES</h3> Mortality rate. <h3>METHODS</h3> We compared demographics, injury mechanisms and accompanying injuries between the groups with and without spinal injuries. Factors affecting mortality were controlled through propensity score matching, and the effect of spinal injury was analyzed. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Of the 2,893 patients analyzed, 781 (27.0%) had spinal injury and 2,112 (73.0%) had no spinal injury. There were significant differences in the gender, ISS, injury mechanism, revised trauma score (RTS) and type of accompanying injuries. With the use of propensity-score matching, 781 patients were matched. The mortality rate was significantly lower in the spinal injury group (4.0% vs 7.9%), and conversely, the length of stay in the intensive care unit was longer (8.8 ± 17.4 days vs 7.2 ± 11.7 days). The main cause of death in the spinal injury group was multiple organ failure (MOF), and the cause of death in the matching cohort was central nerve system (CNS) damage. <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> The group with spinal injury had a significantly lower mortality rate than the group without spinal injury. Therefore, it is thought that spinal injuries in severe trauma patients act as shock absorbers for internal organs. <h3>FDA DEVICE/DRUG STATUS</h3> This abstract does not discuss or include any applicable devices or drugs.

Analysis of loss of professional employment and ability to perform labor activities in sufficiated

BACKGROUND: In medical and social expertise, to determine the degree of loss of professional working capacity and disability to victims of industrial accidents and occupational diseases, it is of fundamental importance to assess the possibility of continuing professional activity and the ability to work.&#x0D; AIMS: To study the structure and dynamics of determining the degree of loss of professional ability to work, the dynamics of disability and the structure of disability groups, the structure of nosological forms among the victims.&#x0D; MATERIALS AND METODS: The results of the medical and social examination in the FGI The Main Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise in the Novosibirsk region for the period 20132020 have been studied among 1528 victims of industrial accidents and occupational diseases. Of these, the loss of professional ability to work of varying degrees was established by 96.6% of the victims, disability with limited ability to work ― 36.2% of the victims.&#x0D; RESULTS: The largest share (62.5%) was made up of victims with a loss of professional working capacity from 10 to 30 percent. Among the victims with disabilities, the largest proportion (75.2%) were disabled persons of the third group with limited ability to perform labor activities of the 1st degree. The dynamics of establishing the degree of loss of professional ability to work and disability with limited ability to perform labor activity in the study period was characterized by an increase to a maximum value in 2014, followed by an intermittent decrease to a minimum value in 2020. production and disability with limited ability to perform work activities, the largest number of persons with the consequences of injuries of the upper limb, the consequences of injuries of the lower limb and the consequences of spinal injuries. Among those injured as a result of occupational diseases, persons with sensorineural hearing loss, vibration disease and lung diseases prevailed. Disability with limited ability to perform work activities among victims of occupational diseases in the overwhelming majority of cases was established in persons with sensorineural hearing loss and lung diseases.&#x0D; CONCLUSION: The decrease in the ability to perform professional activities and the limitation of the ability to perform work activities were more pronounced among victims of industrial accidents than among those injured as a result of occupational diseases.

The Effectiveness of Psychotherapy in the Rehabilitation of Patients with Consequences of Spinal Injury

Objective: to study the effectiveness of psychotherapy in patients with consequences of spinal injury. Material and methods. The research included 113 people, who were divided into two groups: 1a (n = 56) - those who underwent a course of psychotherapy, 1b (n = 57) - those who did not. The Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale, Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), and Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) were applied for the diagnosis. Painful sensations were evaluated by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Questionnaire for Neuropathic Pain (DN4 questionnaire). Results. The comparative analysis of groups 1a and 1b revealed significant differences in the input criteria of the MADRS (U = 1105.5, Z = 2.82, p = 0.005) and the Taylor (U = 1105.5, Z = 2.82, p = 0.005), which were leveled after a course of psychotherapy. Significant differences in the consistent comparison of the VAS test results were also found (1a - χ 2 = 7.35, p = 0.025; 1b - χ 2 = 3.63, p 2 = 20.51, p 2 = 1.20, p < 0.55). Conclusion . The analysis of the results obtained in the group of the patients who had undergone psychotherapy, showed lower perception of pain syndrome, decreased alexithymia, anxiety and depression rates.

P.5.091 Experimental estimation of effects oferythropoietin on consequences of spinal injury

P.5.091 Experimental estimation of effects oferythropoietin on consequences of spinal injury

The causes, pattern and effects of spinal injury in Singapore

A retrospective study of all spinal injury cases admitted to the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine at the Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, between 1973 and 1984 was carried out. As this department is the only one in Singapore which manages all unstable spinal fractures, it would be reasonable to assume that the data collected over these 12 years would suffice to reflect the causes, pattern and effects of spinal injuries in Singapore. Altogether 813 cases were collected for this study, of which 83.9% (682) were males and 16.1% (131) were females. Of these, 71.1% (583) were within the productive age group of 45 and below. The most common causes of spinal injuries in Singapore were industrial accidents (34.5% or 280) and road traffic accidents (33.1% or 269). We have more cervical injuries than in the USA and Australia; 44.1% had cervical injuries, 29.6% had thoracolumbar injuries (TIO-LI), 20.8% had lumbar injuries and 0.9% had sacral injuries. 75% had neurological deficits ranging from loss of skin sensation to complete tetraplegia. Compression fracture was the most common type of fracture (42.8% or 438). Our emphasis on early admission to the Centre to ensure better chance of recovery resulted in 53.9% (438 cases) being admitted from the various hospitals within one week of injury, and this in turn helped us to discharge 72.8% (592 cases) home within three months of stay in the Centre. On discharge 82.4% (670 cases) were independent in activities of daily living and 52.4% (426 cases) were independent in ambulation. Of the 610 cases who were gainfully employed before their injuries, 53% (325) were able to return to gainful employment within one year after the onset of the accident and 17% (106) returned to work after more than a year.

The effects of spinal injury on the intensity of emotional experience.

Twenty-nine subjects with spinal lesions were asked whether the intensity of their experience of eight common emotions had decreased, increased or stayed the same since injury. Analysis of their responses produced no evidence of a decline in affective tone following spinal injury.

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone improves neurologic recovery after spinal trauma in cats.

Naloxone treatment improves neurologic outcome after experimentally induced spinal trauma, but this opiate-receptor antagonist may increase post-traumatic pain. In contrast, thyrotropin-releasing hormone appears to act in vivo as a partial physiologic opiate antagonist that spares analgesic systems; this activity prompted us to evaluate its effect in spinal injury. Cervical-spine trauma was produced in anesthetized cats by the Allen method. Six animals each received thyrotropin-releasing hormone, saline, or dexamethasone as an intravenous infusion over four hours, beginning one hour after injury. Neurologic recovery was significantly better after treatment with thyrotropin-releasing hormone than after saline or dexamethasone (P less than 0.01): at six weeks, the average animal given thyrotropin-releasing hormone was normal, whereas average control animals had marked spasticity. The beneficial effect of thyrotropin-releasing hormone in experimental spinal injury and its lack of effect on nociception indicate that it may have unique therapeutic potential in spinal trauma in human beings.