Effect Of Sodium Metabisulfite Research Articles

Effect of sodium metabisulfite on storage of sugar beet roots

Effect of sodium metabisulfite on storage of sugar beet roots

Effect of sodium metabisulfite and slaked lime on the floatability and surface properties of chalcopyrite

In the flotation of complex copper ores containing chalcopyrite in seawater, sodium metabisulfite (SMBS) has been widely used as a pyrite depressant. Here, calcium ions in seawater or in process water because of pH control using lime (CaO) or slaked lime (Ca(OH) 2 ) can affect the floatability of chalcopyrite. However, the effect of SMBS on the floatability of chalcopyrite in the presence of calcium ions is unknown. Therefore, the current study investigated the flotation behavior and surface properties of chalcopyrite after treatment with SMBS in the absence and presence of Ca(OH) 2 . The flotation experiments demonstrated that both SMBS treatment and the addition of Ca(OH) 2 exhibited a depressing effect on the natural floatability of chalcopyrite. This depressing effect of SMBS and Ca(OH) 2 on the floatability of chalcopyrite was significantly decreased in the presence of potassium amyl xanthate (PAX). However, the combination of SMBS treatment and Ca(OH) 2 formed calcium sulfite (CaSO 3 ) on the surface of chalcopyrite, which significantly reduced the recovery of chalcopyrite from 97% to 66% when in the presence of PAX and at a pH of 9. • The effect of Na 2 S 2 O 5 (SMBS) and Ca(OH) 2 on the floatability of chalcopyrite was studied. • Both SMBS and Ca(OH) 2 exhibited a depressing effect on the recovery of chalcopyrite. • SMBS produced sulfate and hydrophilic species on the surface of chalcopyrite. • SMBS and Ca(OH) 2 form CaSO 3 precipitate that reduced the recovery of chalcopyrite. • SMBS reduced the adsorbed PAX on the surface of chalcopyrite.

Effect of Sodium Metabisulfite on Selective Flotation of Chalcopyrite and Molybdenite

Sodium metabisulfite (MBS) was used in this study for selective flotation of chalcopyrite and molybdenite. Microflotation tests of single and mixed minerals were performed to assess the floatability of chalcopyrite and molybdenite. The results of microflotation of single minerals showed that MBS treatment significantly depressed the floatability of chalcopyrite and slightly reduced the floatability of molybdenite. The results of microflotation of mixed minerals demonstrated that the MBS treatment could be used as a selective chalcopyrite depressant in the selective flotation of chalcopyrite and molybdenite. Furthermore, the addition of diesel oil or kerosene could significantly improve the separation efficiency of selective flotation of chalcopyrite and molybdenite using MBS treatment. A mechanism based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis results is proposed in this study to explain the selective depressing effect of MBS on the flotation of chalcopyrite and molybdenite.

Does Ginger Protect Against Ovarian Damage in Rats Induced by Sodium Metabisulfite Toxicity? An Experimental Evidence

Background: Sulfites including Sodium Metabisulfite (SMB) are commonly used as food preservatives and pharmaceutical products. Despite their worldwide use, there is evidence suggesting their toxicity on human organs and tissues. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of SMB with or without Zingiber officinale (ginger) extract on the rat ovary. Methods: A total of 32 adult, female Wistar rats were divided into four groups of eight each. They consisted of, a) control group, b) ginger group (500 mg/kg/day), c) SMB group (260 mg/kg/day), and d) combined SMB and ginger group at identical doses. After 28 days, the rats were sacrificed and the ovarian tissue Malondialdehyde (MDA), as a marker of lipid peroxidation was measured. The volume and weight of the ovaries and the number of follicles at different stages were counted by stereological methods. Results: The SMB treatment caused a significant decrease in the ovarian volume and the number of follicles with simultaneous increase in the number of degenerate follicles (P≤0.001) and MDA level (P≤0.01). Ginger treatment of the rats exposed to SMB significantly increased the number of follicles at various stages and partially reversed the ovarian tissue level of MDA, compared to that in the control group (P≤0.05). Conclusion: The SMB treatment induced structural changes in the rats’ ovaries and the concomitant treatment with ginger largely reversed the damages caused by SMB.

Effect of Sodium Metabisulfite on Oxidative Stress and Lipid Peroxidation Biomarkers

Background:Sulfites are widely used as preservatives in the foods and pharmaceutical agents. It has been demonstrated that sulfites can react with a variety of cellular components and cause toxicity.Objective:The present study was designed to investigate the effects of ingested sodium metabisulfite (SMB) on serum antioxidant status in rats.Methods:Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control and treated groups. Treated groups received 10, 100, and 260 mg/kg body weight of SMB for 28 days. After 28 days, serum was assayed for measuring superoxide dismtase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT) activities, glutathion (GSH) level and lipid peroxidation.Results:The results showed that the activities of GPx, GR, CAT and GSH levels were significantly decreased in 100 and 260 mg/kg SMB treated rats, while malondialdehyde (MDA) level was significantly increased in 260 mg/kg treated group when compared with the control group.Conclusion:It is concluded that SMB administration as dose-dependent is associated with decreased serum antioxidant enzyme activities and increased lipid peroxidation.

Effect of sodium metabisulfite on lipid peroxidation and enzyme activities in adult rat stomach and spleen

Sodium metabisulfite (NaMBS) has been used as an antioxidant and antimicrobial agent in a variety of drugs and foods. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of subchronic ingestion of NaMBS on lipid peroxidation, protein and enzymatic antioxidants in the gastric tissue and splenic Wistar rat. The rats were divided into four groups (n = 06 rats/group) as follows; Control (C), rats treated with 0.25% NaMBS (S0.25%), rats treated with 1% NaMBS (S1%) and rats treated with 4% NaMBS (S4%). NaMBS was administered to animals via drinking water. At the end of the experimental period, Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxi-dase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and thiols were determined. Redox status assess-ment revealed that 1% and 4% NaMBS doses induced gastric and spleen lipid peroxidation in animals compared to the control group. On the other hand, activities of SOD, GPx, CAT and thiols were reduced in the S1% and S4% groups in the stomach and spleen compared to the controls. Slight changes were detected in the GPx and CAT in the stomach of S0.25% group compared to the control group. In conclusion, the subchronic consumption of NaMBS has an adverse effect on the spleen and stomach by inducing oxidative damage leading to an increase in lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and alteration of enzyme activity antioxidant.

Study of the factors influencing the metals solubilisation from a mixture of waste batteries by response surface methodology

ABSTRACTThis paper presents an innovative process for the recovery of valuable metals from a mixture of spent batteries. Different types of batteries, including alkaline, zinc-carbon (Zn-C), nickel cadmium (Ni-Cd), nickel metal hydride (Ni-MH), lithium ion (Li-ion) and lithium metallic (Li-M) batteries, were mixed according to the proportion of the Canadian sales of batteries. A Box-Behnken design was applied to find the optimum leaching conditions allowing a maximum of valuable metal removals from a mixture of spent batteries in the presence of an inorganic acid and a reducing agent. The results highlighted the positive effect of sodium metabisulfite on the performance of metals removal, especially for Mn. The solid/liquid ratio and the concentration of H2SO4 were the main factors affecting the leaching behavior of valuable metals (Zn, Mn, Cd, Ni) present in spent batteries. Finally, the optimum leaching conditions were found as follows: one leaching step, solid/liquid ratio = 10.9%, [H2SO4] = 1.34 M, sodium metabisulfite (Na2S2O5) = 0.45 g/g of battery powder and retention time = 45 min. Under such conditions, the removal yields achieved were 94% for Mn, 81% for Cd, 99% for Zn, 96% for Co and 68% for Ni.

The role of fillers and sodium metabisulfite on drug release from aged polyox tablets

Polyethylene oxides (PEOs) are extensively used to control the release rate of drugs from matrices. Unfortunately, polyox polymers are prone to oxidation under high temperature and relative humidity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sodium metabisulfite as an antioxidant to overcome the drug release changes from polyox matrices (PEO 301 and 303) when stored at 40 °C. The effect of different types of fillers (lactose, mannitol and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate) on stability of diltiazem HCl release profiles was also investigated. Generally, the presence of sodium metabisulfite stabilized the release of drug from PEO matrices stored at 40 °C for 8 weeks. Whilst the absence of metabisulfite caused an increase in drug release from polyox matrices when stored at 40 °C. The results indicate that all three concentrations (0.25, 0.5 and 1% w/w) of sodium metabisulfite were able to overcome structural changes of polyox samples hence stabilizing the drug release. The results also showed that the incorporation of fillers in polyox matrices reduced the sensitivity of drug release when stored at elevated temperature. This indicates that when these excipients were used there was no need to incorporate additional antioxidant. DSC results showed that there was no difference in the melting points of fresh polyox samples and aged polyox samples containing sodium metabisulfite, whereas the melting point of aged polyox samples without sodium metabisulfite were lower than fresh polyox samples. This indicates that the presence of metabisulfite is essential to stabilize polyox samples.

Oxidative damage on the testes of adult rats by sodium metabisulfite (MBS)

The effect of sodium metabisulfite (MBS, Na 2 S 2 O 5 ) on the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), testes weight and the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) as well as the level of glutathione (GSH) were investigated in the testes of Wistar albino rats. The study was performed to elucidate the effect of MBS (520 mg/kg/day) ingestion on lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant enzymes activities. The results showed that MDA level as well as the activity of SOD was significantly increased in MBS-treated rats whereas the weight of the testes as well as the level of GSH was not significantly affected. However, there was significant reduction in the activity of CAT in the MBS-treated rats compared to the control. The presented data showed that ingestion of MBS has adverse effect on testes as it induced oxidative damage, reflected by increase lipid peroxidation and impairment in the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Keywords : Sodium metabisulfite, testes, lipid peroxidation, glutathione, catalase, superoxide dismutase

EFFECT OF SODIUM METABISULFITE ADDITION AND BAKING TEMPERATURE ON MAILLARD REACTION IN BREAD

ABSTRACTIn this study, the effect of sodium metabisulfite (SMBS) doses (0, 25, 50, 100 mg/kg dough) and baking temperatures (200, 230 and 250C) on the physical, chemical and sensory properties of bread were researched to reduce 5‐hydroxymethyl‐2‐furfural (HMF) and acrylamide contents. HMF and acrylamide contents of bread crust were decreased significantly by increasing SMBS dose and decreasing baking temperature. The HMF (137.29 mg/kg) and acrylamide (671.44 µg/kg) contents of bread crust were decreased by 33 and 67%, respectively by addition of 100 mg/kg SMBS. The maltol content of bread crusts were significantly affected by baking temperature, and were 7.19, 10.23 and 22.69 mg/kg in breads baked at 200, 230 and 250C, respectively. No HMF, acrylamide and maltol were detected in the bread crumb. The sulfur dioxide content of the crust and crumb of control bread was 6.99 and 10.69 mg/kg, and increased by 49 and 59%, respectively at 100 mg/kg SMBS dose. All breads were evaluated as acceptable by a sensory panel.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSSince Maillard reaction products such as acrylamide and 5‐hydroxymethyl‐2‐furfural (HMF) are known as toxic compounds, mitigation of these compounds is important subject for health and nutrition. There is not an efficient method to prevent the formation of acrylamide and HMF in bread crusts comparison with potato crisps. The purpose of this research is to slow down Maillard reaction by addition of sodium metabisulfite in bread‐making process. As a result of this research, acrylamide and HMF content of bread crusts decreased by 33 and 67%, respectively with acceptable sensory evaluation.

The effect of sodium metabisulfite on visual evoked potentials in rats with hypercholesterolemia

This study aimed to investigate the effects of hypercholesterolemia on visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and sulfite additional effects. Rats were assigned as follows: control (C), sulfite (S), hypercholesterolemia (H), vitamin E (E), sulfite + vitamin E (SE), hypercholesterolemia + sulfite (HS), hypercholesterolemia + vitamin E (HE), and hypercholesterolemia + sulfite + vitamin E (HSE). Hypercholesterolemic diet led significant increase in plasma cholesterol levels of rats. Brain thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels were significantly increased in S, E, SE, HE and HSE groups compared with C. TBARS levels were increased in HE and HSE groups as compared to HS group. Nitrite levels were decreased in S, SE, H, HS and HSE groups compared with C. Nitrite level was notably increased in the HE group compared with H group. Sulfite exposure prolonged N1 and P3 latencies of VEP in group S compared with C. Prolonged VEP latencies by sulfite were significantly decreased by vitamin E in SE group. Cholesterol rich diet increased VEP latencies in comparison with control latencies. Sulfite gave rise to an additional increase in P3 latency in HS group compared with H group. Vitamin E-treated animals had notably shortened latencies of VEP components in HE and HSE groups according to the H and HS groups, respectively.

Control of Polyphenol Oxidase Activity in Banana Slices During Osmotic Dehydration

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sodium metabisulfite and 4-hexylresorcinol on polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity change in banana slices during osmotic dehydration in sucrose syrup. From a previous study only three osmotic dehydration conditions were selected as the most adequate due to color change but also where PPO residual activity was still present after osmotic drying: T1 (60°Bx, 50°C, pH 6), T2 (60°Bx, 60°C, pH 8), and T3 (70°Bx, 50°C, pH 8). The level of sodium metabisulfite was varied from 100 to 1000 ppm and 4-hexylresorcinol from 10 to 100 ppm. The inner and outer parts of the banana slice were used for PPO activity determination at 302 nm with 4 methyl-catechol as a substrate. During osmotic dehydration of a banana slice, PPO activity tended to decrease and residual enzymatic activity was still detected. Sodium metabisulfite concentration up to 200 ppm and 4-hexylresorcinol up to 50 ppm had no effect on PPO residual activity after 4 h of osmotic dehydration. Depending on the process conditions, a higher concentration of additives than these were necessary to control PPO activity during osmotic dehydration of banana slices.

Enhancement of sodium metabisulfite on sodium currents in acutely isolated rat hippocampal CA1 neurons

The effect of sodium metabisulfite (SMB) on voltage-gated sodium channel currents ( I Na) was examined in freshly isolated rat hippocampal CA1 neurons using whole-cell patch-clamp technique under voltage-clamp conditions. SMB irreversibly enhanced I Na in a concentration-dependent manner, shifted the inactivation curve to more positive potential, without affecting the current activation curve. In addition, SMB increased the time to peak and the inactivation time constant of I Na. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) could all partly inhibit the effect of SMB on the sodium current. These results suggested that SMB have neuronal toxicity by increasing the excitability of neurons and its mechanism might involve the oxidative damage on ion channels.

Sulfite suppresses transducer function of the carotid sinus baroreceptor

Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of sodium metabisulfite (MBS) solution on the transducer function of the carotid sinus baroreceptor. In anesthetized dogs with vagotomy, we vascularly isolated the carotid bifurcation to load a pressure on the carotid sinus baroreceptor. As the pressure load, we used a slow ramp increase (0.7 mmHg/s) in intracarotid sinus pressure (ICSP). The response of carotid sinus nerve activity (CSNA) to the slow ramp increase in ICSP was suppressed when the isolated carotid sinus was filled with the MBS solution of 10 -2 M. This suppressive effect of MBS solution on the response of CSNA was reversible. The MBS solution had no effect on the pressure-volume relationship of the arterial wall of the isolated carotid sinus and on the impulse conduction of carotid sinus nerve. This suppressive effect of the MBS solution of 10 -2 M was weakened by introducing oxygen gas into the solution to lose the total sulfite anions in the solution. These results suggest that: (1) the MBS solution reversibly suppresses the transducer function of the carotid sinus baroreceptor; (2) the target construction of the carotid sinus region that was affected by the MBS solution might be the carotid sinus baroreceptor nerve terminal where ICSP was transduced into carotid sinus nerve firing; and (3) the suppressive effect might be provoked by the sulfite anions in the MBS solution.

Inhibition of Epinephrine Oxidation in Weak Alkaline Solutions

The effect of sodium metabisulfite and cysteine on the oxidation of epinephrine in weak alkaline solutions was studied. The fluorescent intensity of the reacting mixture also was measured. Sodium metabisulfite in 2×10−3M NaOH at concentrations lower than 3×10−5M had no effect on epinephrine oxidation; however, in concentrations from 5×10−5 to 3×10−4M, it greatly accelerated this process. Its inhibitory action appeared only in concentrations greater than 5×10−4M, The mechanism of these reactions also was explained. Cysteine in 2×10−3M NaOH inhibited the oxidation of epinephrine even in concentrations of 7×10−5M.