Effect Of Saliva Contamination Research Articles

Effect of saliva contamination and different decontamination protocols on microshear bond strength of a universal adhesive to dentin

Effect of saliva contamination and different decontamination protocols on microshear bond strength of a universal adhesive to dentin

Effect of Saliva Contamination on Microleakage of Alkasite Restorative Material

Effect of Saliva Contamination on Microleakage of Alkasite Restorative Material

Effect of Saliva Contamination on Shear Bond Strength of Self-etch Adhesive System to Dentin: An In Vitro Study.

Aim and objectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the outcome of saliva contamination on shear bond strength (SBS) of a self-etch adhesive system to dentin.Materials and methodsA total of 60 premolars were selected. Occlusal surfaces of the teeth were severed off. Three groups of 20 teeth in each were formed after the samples were randomly divided. Group I: Not subjected to any contamination (control group). Group II: Contamination with saliva occurred before coating the teeth with a self-etch adhesive system. Group III: Contamination with saliva occurred after coating the teeth with a self-etch adhesive system. After the contamination, the composite was placed with the help of a Teflon tube. Under the universal testing machine, the SBS of these samples was then tested.ResultsThe data obtained after testing were analyzed using SPSS software. Statistical difference was seen between all the three groups. Group II projected the least SBS.ConclusionContamination with saliva has a deleterious effect on the SBS. Contamination that occurs before the application of adhesive systems has shown considerably reduced SBS.Clinical significanceThis study successfully established that saliva contamination acts as a major factor in reducing the SBS of the bonding agent. Hence, in clinical situations, it is necessary to ensure sufficient steps are taken to eliminate or reduce the chances of contamination with saliva to aid in the success of the restoration.How to cite this articleChaudhari RR, Srivastava HR, Raisingani D, et al. Effect of Saliva Contamination on Shear Bond Strength of Self-etch Adhesive System to Dentin: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(4):443–446.

Bond Strength Comparison of Orthodontic Bonding Systems: A Systematic Review

As a means of regular practice in orthodontics and aesthetic dentistry, resin based adhesive systems are being used exclusively. Keeping up with the ever-increasing demand for aesthetic dental treatment all over the world, newer and more improved adhesive systems have been developed. However, regarding the comparison as to which bonding system performs better in clinical perspective, there is lack of existing scientific review articles. In this review, we tend to explore the conventional etch and rinse bonding system and the self-etch primer bonding system. The different tests to assess and compare bond strength between these two types of adhesives from various bibliography are discussed. The results of shear bond strength test, adhesive remnant index (ARI), enamel-adhesive interface using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the effect of saliva contamination and time are discussed. Interestingly, each system has its strengths and weaknesses. In shear bond strength, self-etch bonding systems clearly exhibits less strength than conventional bonding systems. Resin tags into enamel surface are shorter in self-etch primer adhesives which results from milder etching to enamel compared to the conventional aid-etch and rinse adhesives. Contrarily, the irreversible changes to enamel surface is more aggressive in conventional acid-etching which states that self-etching systems are better according to the principles of minimal intervention dentistry.
 Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2017; Vol-7 (1-2), P.20-26

Effect of Saliva Contamination and sequencing time of curing the Transbond™ Plus Self Etching Primer on the Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets

Effect of Saliva Contamination and sequencing time of curing the Transbond™ Plus Self Etching Primer on the Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets

Effects of Saliva Contamination on Shear Bond Strength with Conventional, Moisture Insensitive, and Self-Etching Primers

이 연구의 ëª©ì ì€ 브라켓 부착 시 Conventional primer (CP), Moisture insensitive primer (MIP), Self-etching primer (SEP)을 사용하였을 때의 ì „ë‹¨ê²°í•©ê°•ë„ë¥¼ ë¹„êµí•˜ê³ , 타액 오염 여부와 타액 오염의 시기가 ì „ë‹¨ê²°í•©ê°•ë„ì— 미치는 영향을 평가하는 것이다.총 135개의 소의 í•˜ì• ì ˆì¹˜ê°€ 연구에 사용되었다. 시편은 I, II, III 3개의 군으로 나누어 CP, MIP, SEP를 사용하여 브라켓을 부착하였다. 각 군은 3개의 하위군으로 ë‚˜ëˆ„ì–´ì ¸ì„œ 타액 오염이 없는 êµ°, 타액 오염 후 프라이머를 도포한 êµ°, 프라이머 도포 후 타액 오염이 있는 군으로 ì„¤ì •í•˜ê³ ì „ë‹¨ê²°í•©ê°•ë„ë¥¼ ì¸¡ì •í•˜ì˜€ë‹¤.연구 ê²°ê³¼, 건조한 환경에서 ì „ë‹¨ê²°í•©ê°•ë„ëŠ” CP, MIP, SEP의 순서로 높게 나타났다. CP는 타액 오염이 있는 경우에는 ìœ ì˜í•œ ì „ë‹¨ê²°í•©ê°•ë„ì˜ ì €í•˜ë¥¼ 보였다. MIP, SEP를 사용한 경우에는 프라이머 도포 ì „ 후 타액 오염이 있는 경우에 약간의 ì „ë‹¨ê²°í•©ê°•ë„ì˜ ì €í•˜ë¥¼ 보였지만, 건조한 환경에서와 비교하여 ìœ ì˜í•œ 차이는 보이지 않았다.따라서 브라켓 ì ‘ì°© 시 타액의 격리가 íž˜ë“ ìƒí™©ì—ì„œëŠ” MIP 또는 SEP의 사용이 브라켓 ì „ë‹¨ê²°í•©ê°•ë„ì˜ ì €í•˜ë¥¼ 방지하기 위하여 ìœ ìš©í• ê²ƒìœ¼ë¡œ 보인다.

Effects of saliva contamination on osseointegration during dental implant surgery in augmented areas

Effects of saliva contamination on osseointegration during dental implant surgery in augmented areas

Comparative evaluation of shear bond strength of different bonding system with effect of saliva contamination and decontamination. - An in vitro study

Introduction: This study aims for the bond strength measurement of two new self etch bonding agent and effect of salivary contamination and decontamination on the bonding agent strength. Materials and Methods:Premolar teeth, 60, removed during orthodontic treatment were collected and the buccal surfaces of the tooth were made to a plane dentinal surface. The randomly divided samples were distributed into three subgroups for OptibondAll in one kerr (BSA) and three subgroup for Single Bond Universal 3M (BSB) of 10 each. For optibond all in one (BSA), BSA-I Is the control group (self-etch bonding agent applied to flat dentine), BSA-II Is the contamination group (self-etch bonding agent applied, followed by saliva application and then dried with air), BSA-III Is the decontamination group (application of self-etch bonding agent, followed by contamination of saliva, dried with air and then reapplication of self-etch bonding agent). For Single Bond Universal 3M(BSB), BSB-I - The control group (self-etch bonding agent applied to flat dentine), BSB-II -The contamination group (self-etch bonding agent applied, followed by saliva application and then dried with air), BSB-III -The decontamination group (application of self-etch bonding agent, followed by contamination of saliva, dried with air and then reapplication of self-etch bonding agent). Followed by the bonding procedure, a 5mm composite block with bulkfill (ivoclar vivadent) was built on the flat dentine surface. Instron universal testing machine (USA) with a 1 mm per minute cross head speed was used to test the bonding strength. Data Obtained were subjected to statistical analysis by one way ANOVA test, and tukey’s multipe comparison and unpaired t-test for the inter group comparison. Result: In the Kerr group (BSA), the shear bond strength of the contamination sub-group (BSA-II) decreased to 5.57 ± 1.77 MPa, as opposed to 13.87 ± 2.12 MPa of control group (BSA-I) and 14.85 ± 2.25 MPa of BSA-III group, which was

The Effect of Saliva Contamination on Shear Bond Strength of Two Universal Bonding Agents-An in vitro Study

The Effect of Saliva Contamination on Shear Bond Strength of Two Universal Bonding Agents-An in vitro Study

Effect of saliva contamination and artificial aging on different primer/cement systems bonded to zirconia

Statement of problemSaliva contamination has been shown to decrease bonding to zirconia. Adopting a less contamination-sensitive cement system may be an alternative to decontamination. PurposeThe purpose of this in vitro study was to assess the ability of different primer/cement systems to promote a durable bond to zirconia after saliva contamination. Material and methodsZirconia blocks (Lava Plus) (N=320) were airborne-particle abraded (50 μm Al2O3) and divided into 32 experimental groups (n=10) according to the variables in the study: saliva contamination; primer/cement system (Panavia SA [PSA]; RelyX Unicem 2 [RU2]; Bifix SE [BSE]; Panavia F2.0 [PF2]; Scotchbond Universal + RelyX Ultimate [SBU+RXU]; Futurabond M+ + Bifix QM [FBM+BQM]; All-Bond Universal + Duo-link [ABU+DL]; Z-Prime Plus + Duo-link [ZPP+DL]; and aging period (72 hours; 30 days with 10 000 thermocycles at 5°C to 55°C). After half of the blocks had been contaminated with fresh human saliva for 10 minutes, rinsed with water, and air-dried, each primer/cement was applied. Polymerized composite resin disks were then placed over the cement, and the resin cement was light-polymerized for 20 seconds each at 2 opposite margins. After the aging time, the specimens were tested in shear (1 mm/min). The failure mode was classified as adhesive, cohesive, or mixed. Statistical analysis of the shear bond strength (SBS) data was performed with ANOVA followed by Tukey honest significant difference post hoc tests. Chi-square tests were used to analyze the failure mode data (α=.05). ResultsThe mean SBS ranged between 4.2 and 34.5 MPa. Shear bond strength was influenced (P<.001) by all the factors studied (cement system, saliva contamination, aging time). SBU+RXU and FBM+BQM showed a higher mean SBS than those of the other experimental groups (P<.05) and were the only groups not affected by saliva contamination (P>.05). Failure was predominantly classified as adhesive. ConclusionsIn general, saliva contamination and aging decreased bonding efficacy. Two systems, combining an application of a universal adhesive and a resin cement (SBU+RXU and FBM+BQM) were not affected by saliva contamination.

Effect of saliva contamination on cementation of orthodontic brackets using different adhesive systems.

BackgroundThe enamel condition and the quality of surface are points that need to be considered for achieving optimal efficiency in the treatment with orthodontic brackets. The aim of this study was to assess the immediate bond strength of metallic brackets cemented to dental.Material and MethodsForty human premolars were double-sectioned, placed in PVC matrices and randomly divided into 10 groups (n=8). They received artificial saliva contamination before or after the application of adhesive systems, except for the control groups. The metallic brackets were cemented using two orthodontic cements (Transbond™ Plus Color Change, 3M Unitek e Transbond™ XT Light, 3M Unitek). The specimens were subjected to mechanical shear bond strength testing and classified according to the fracture pattern. The results were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test for multiple comparisons (p<0.05).ResultsANOVA analysis showed statistically significant differences between the groups (p=0.01). The Tukey’s multiple comparison test indicated statistically significant difference between G6 and G7 groups (p<0.05). A high prevalence of adhesive failure in the groups receiving the hydrophobic adhesive system.ConclusionsThe saliva contamination prior to the application of a hydrophobic simplified conventional adhesive system was responsible for decreasing the immediate bond strength values of brackets cemented on the dental enamel. Key words:Bonding, orthodontic brackets, shear bond strength, saliva, adhesive systems.

Effects of saliva contamination on bonding performance of self-etching adhesives

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of saliva contamination on bonding performance of two self-etching adhesives. Materials and Methods: Forty caries-free extracted human third molars’ cusps were cut off to expose mid-coronal dentin surfaces. Two one-step self-etching adhesives and the respective resin composite from the same manufacturer (Adper Easy One + Filtek Z350 (3 M ESPE); Clearfil S3 Bond + Clearfil Majesty (Kuraray Co.)) were applied onto the dentin surfaces for micro-tensile bond strength (MTBS) test. The dentin surfaces were not contaminated (A), were contaminated with saliva before/after priming (B/C), or they were water-sprayed after saliva contamination occurred before/after priming (D/E). The resin–dentin interfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. After the two adhesives were polymerized on saliva-contaminated or uncontaminated conditions, they were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for degree of conversion (DC), and analyzed by AFM spectroscopy for spatial homogeneity of the adhesives. The data were analyzed using factorial design ANOVA and one-way ANOVA. Results: Compared with control group (A), the saliva contamination after priming significantly reduced both dentin MTBS (p < 0.05). Thorough water-spraying could significantly improve the MTBS of the saliva-contaminated dentin (p < 0.05) or completely restore it. Saliva contamination deteriorated the resin–dentin adaptation, DC, and spatial homogeneity of adhesives. Conclusions: Saliva contamination had a negative effect on bonding performance of self-etching adhesives regarding their dentin MTBS, resin–dentin adaptation, DC, and spatial homogeneity. However, the effect of saliva contamination on the dentin MTBS was related to the individual adhesive used and the time point of contamination.

Effect of saliva contamination on bond strengths of universal adhesives

Effect of saliva contamination on bond strengths of universal adhesives

Effect of saliva contamination on shear bond strength and microleakage of one-bottle etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesives: scanning electron and confocal laser microscopic analyses

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of saliva contamination on shear bond strength, microleakage, and microstructure of the adhesive interface in two different adhesive systems by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser microscopy (CLSM). Materials and methods: Randomly, 228 third molars were allocated to six groups for an etch-and-rinse adhesive One-Step Plus (Bisco Inc.) and a self-etch adhesive G Bond (GC Corp.): Group 1 – manufacturer’s instructions were followed; Group 2 – involved contamination and drying before adhesive application; Group 3 – involved contamination, washing, and blot drying before adhesive application; Group 4 – involved contamination, etching, washing, and blot drying before adhesive application; Group 5 – involved contamination and drying after adhesive application, followed by adhesive reapplication; Group 6 – involved contamination and washing after adhesive application, followed by adhesive reapplication. Shear bond strength was tested after specimens were stored in distilled water at 37 °C for 24 h. Specimens were evaluated under a stereomicroscope for microleakage. Dentin–resin interfaces were evaluated by SEM and CLSM. Results: Group 2 for One-Step Plus and Group 3 for G Bond showed significantly lower bond strengths than control groups. Microleakage values were significantly greater at dentin than at enamel margins for all groups. In Group 2, for both adhesive systems, the highest microleakage was observed at dentin margins. Further, dentin–adhesive interfaces were not uniform and gaps were found by SEM and CLSM. Conclusions: The SEM and CLSM images demonstrated high variability of dentin–resin interfaces among saliva-contaminated groups. Rinsing the saliva and re-applying adhesive might be the best way to reduce the effect of saliva contamination on bond strength and microleakage.

Effect of saliva contamination on bond strength witha hydrophilic composite resin

To evaluate the influence of saliva contamination on the bond strength of metallic brackets bonded to enamel with hydrophilic resin composite. Eighty premolars were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 20) according to bonding material and contamination: G1) bonded with Transbond XT with no saliva contamination, G2) bonded with Transbond XT with saliva contamination, G3) bonded with Transbond Plus Color Change with no saliva contamination and G4) bonded with Transbond Plus Color Change with saliva contamination. The results were statistically analyzed (ANOVA/Tukey). The means and standard deviations (MPa) were: G1) 10.15 ± 3.75; G2) 6.8 ± 2.54; G3) 9.3 ± 3.36; G4) 8.3 ± 2.95. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) ranged between 0 and 1 in G1 and G4. In G2 there was a prevalence of score 0 and similar ARI distribution in G3. Saliva contamination reduced bond strength when Transbond XT hydrophobic resin composite was used. However, the hydrophilic resin Transbond Plus Color Change was not affected by the contamination.

Effect of salivary contamination on micro-tensile bond strength of self-etch adhesives systems after bonding procedure

Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of saliva contamination on the micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) of two self-etching (SE) adhesive systems (Clearfil SE Bond, Clearfil S3 Bond). Materials and Methods: Flat occlusal dentin surfaces were created on 12 extracted human third molar teeth. The two bonding systems and resin composite (Spectrum ® TPH ® 3) were bonded to the dentin under six surface conditions: Group 1: Tooth samples were randomly divided into three equal subgroups. Clearfil SE 1: This was a control group in which dentin was not contaminated with the saliva (primer/bonding/composite). Clearfil SE 2: Contaminated once (primer/bonding (cured)/saliva/rinsing/drying/primer/bonding/composite). Clearfil SE 3: The samples were contaminated 2 times (primer/bonding (cured)/saliva/rinsing/drying/primer/bonding (cured)/saliva/rinsing/drying/primer/bonding/composite). Group 2: The procedures for Group 2 were similar to Group 1 but did not contain a primer stage. Tooth samples were randomly divided into three equal subgroups (Clearfil S3 1, 2, and 3). After 24 h, the teeth were prepared for microtensile bond testing and tensile bond strength was measured (1 mm/min). The data were calculated as megapascal (MPa) and analyzed using the one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test ( P Results: The μTBS of the Clearfil S3 3 subgroup was statistically higher than that of the Clearfil S3 2 subgroup and Clearfil S3 1 subgroup. There were no significant statistical differences in the μTBSs between the Clearfil S3 2 subgroup and the control subgroup. There were no statistical differences in μTBSs among the Clearfil SE subgroups. Conclusion: μTBS is not affected adversely from one or two saliva contamination after the bonding procedure.

Effect of Saliva Contamination on the Bond Strength of Dentin Adhesives to Central and Peripheral Primary Dentin in vitro

Effect of Saliva Contamination on the Bond Strength of Dentin Adhesives to Central and Peripheral Primary Dentin in vitro

唾液で汚染された10-3処理歯面への4-META/MMA-TBBレジンの接着法

唾液で汚染された10-3処理歯面への4-META/MMA-TBBレジンの接着法

COMMENTARY. effect of saliva contamination and cleansing solutions on the bond strengths of self‐etch adhesives to dentin

COMMENTARY. <scp>effect of saliva contamination and cleansing solutions on the bond strengths of self‐etch adhesives to dentin</scp>

Effect Of Saliva Contamination And Different Decontamination Modes On Dentin Bond Strength During Bonding With Single Bottle Adhesive

The objective of the present study is to evaluate the different mode of decontamination of saliva on dentin bond strength. Buccal/lingual surfaces of 48 extracted human molars were wet ground to create flat dentin surface, to serve as bonding area for single bond and the hybrid composite resin. The experimental teeth were then categorized into six groups of 8 teeth each and treated in the following manner. Group 1 control (without contamination), Group 2 etched surface is contaminated with saliva and saliva is decontaminated by air drying. Group 3 etched surface is contaminated and saliva was decontaminated by rinsing and blot drying.group4 uncured adhesive surface contaminated, saliva is decontaminated by rinsing and blot drying. Group 5 cured adhesive surface is contaminated, decontamination of saliva was done by rinsing and air drying. Group 6 treated similar to Group 5 with additional adhesive application after air drying. All teeth were mounted in iron mould and subjected to universal testing machine for shear bond strength. Lowest mean bond strength was found in Group2 which was significantly lower than all other Groups (p<0.01). Group5 and Group6 were significantly lower than Group1, 3 and 4. Based on this study it was found that one bottle adhesive systems are less sensitive to salivary contamination in contrast to previous generation adhesives.