Effects Of Procaine Research Articles

Effect of procaine, calcium, magnesium and potassium on the acetylcholine release from the sweat nerve endings in human skin.

The effects of procaine, Ca, Mg and K on the release of transmitter from the cholinergic sweat nerve endings in the forearm skin were studied. Sweating was visualized by the iodine-starch method of Wada and Takagaki. At a concentration of 10-7, intradermal injections of eserine did not produce a local sweating in a cool environment, but they became effective in eliciting sweat response on the injection wheals by entering a warm or hot environment. Local sweat responses to eserine in 10-6 and 10-5 were also intensified on exposure to heat. Procaine in 10-4 inhibited the sweat responses to eserine very probably by affecting the acetylcholine release from the sweat nerve endings. It was found that Ca ions contained in Krebs solution are important in the process of the acetylcholine release and excessive Ca facilitates this release. In contrast, Mg and K ions present in Krebs solution were without any effect. But, when Mg was in excess relative to Ca, it was observed that Mg antagonized the effect of Ca. The antagonism between Mg and Ca was demonstrated also in the case of spontaneous thermoregulatory sweating. The effect of Ca on the acetylcholine release seems to be antagonized by Mg in a ratio of approximately 1:2 in molality.

Abolition of impulse initiation at the Pacinian corpuscle by local anesthetics.

1. Effects of several local anesthetics on the sensory terminal of Pacinian corpuscles were studied by measuring changes in the threshold when perfused with anesthetic solutions.2. 0.03%-Procaine solution abolished impulses from corpuscles within 5min after their perfusion, while the axon supplying corpuscles lost their excitability 30min after immersion in 0.03%-procaine solution. Impulses reappeared immediately after replacement of procaine solutions by the normal one. It took a longer time for local anesthetics to cause conduction blockage in axons supplying corpuscles than that necessary for abolishing impulses from corpuscles.3. The effect of procaine on blocking impulses from corpuscles was increased by a reduction in Ca concentrations in the perfusing solution, while an increase of Ca ions decreased the effect of procaine.4. The effect of procaine on impulses was not modified by changing Na concentrations from 77 mM to 308 mM in the perfusing solution.5. Blocking potencies of six local anesthetics on Pacinian corpuscles were in suscepthe order of tetracaine> lidocaine> chloroprocaine> carbocaine>cocaine> procaine.6. It is concluded that the impulse-initiating mechanism has a different tibility to local anesthetics from the mechanism generating receptor potentials and that procaine and Ca ions act competitively in initiating impulses at the non-myelinated terminal of Pacinian corpuscles.

Interaction of beta-receptor blocking agents with the nerve blocking effects of procaine [formula omitted

1. 1. Propranolol had a nerve blocking effect on isolated frog n. ischiadicus. This was less than that produced by procaine in the same concentration. 2. 2. MJ 1999 did not influence spike amplitude. 3. 3. Both MJ 1999 and propranolol inhibited the decreasing effect of local anaesthetics on spike amplitude.

Effects of potassium on membrane potential, spike discharge, and tension in taenia coli.

ARTICLESEffects of potassium on membrane potential, spike discharge, and tension in taenia coliY Shimo, and WC HollandY Shimo, and WC HollandPublished Online:01 Dec 1966https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1966.211.6.1299MoreSectionsPDF (1 MB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInWeChat Previous Back to Top Next Download PDF FiguresReferencesRelatedInformation Cited ByChanges in K+-induced contractions in ileal longitudinal smooth muscle of guinea-pig, induced by monoiodoacetic acid12 April 2011 | Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Vol. 43, No. 9Molecular mechanism of KCl-induced relaxation of the esophagusEuropean Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 605, No. 1-3Effects of cadmium ions, D-600 and KCN on calcium-45 uptake in smooth muscle of guinea-pig taenia coliGeneral Pharmacology: The Vascular System, Vol. 21, No. 3Calcium release in smooth muscleLife Sciences, Vol. 42, No. 2Verapamil-Sensitive and Less Sensitive Contractions in the Intestinal Smooth Muscle of the Guinea-Pig Taenia CaeciJapanese Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 46, No. 4The involvement of fast calcium channel activity in the selective activation of phasic contractions by partial depolarization in rat vas deferens smooth muscleGeneral Pharmacology: The Vascular System, Vol. 18, No. 1Heterogeneity of muscarinic receptors in the guinea pig esophageal muscularis mucosae and ileal longitudinal muscleGastroenterology, Vol. 88, No. 3Inhibitory effects of procaine on the contractile responses of the guinea-pig Taenia caecum to acetylcholine, substance P and potassium chlorideNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, Vol. 326, No. 2Influence Of Some Common Methylxanthines on Contractile Responses and Calcium Mobilization of Ileal, Vas Deferens and Bladder Smooth Muscle1 November 1983 | Journal of Experimental Biology, Vol. 107, No. 1Effect of ascorbate on the contractile response induced by DMPP in guinea-pig ileal longitudinal muscle stripEuropean Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 89, No. 3-4Effects of flurazepam and diazepam in isolated guinea-pig taenia coli and longitudinal muscleEuropean Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 83, No. 3-4EFFECTS OF Li-SUBSTITUTION ON HIGH-K INDUCED CONTRACTIONS OF VARIOUS SMOOTH MUSCLE TISSUES IN THE GUINEA-PIGJapanese Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 32, No. 3ROLE OF GLYCOLYSIS IN THE TENSION DEVELOPMENT UNDER ANOXIA IN GUINEA PIG TAENIA COLIJapanese Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 32, No. 1A NEWLY ISOLATED ANTISPASMODIC—BUTYLIDENEPHTHALIDE—Japanese Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 30, No. 1Role of intracellular Ca2+ sequestration in β-adrenergic relaxation of a smooth muscleNature, Vol. 281, No. 5733THE EFFECTS OF BRADYKININ AND THE BRADYKININ POTENTIATING PEPTIDE BPP5a ON THE ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL RESPONSES OF THE GUINEA-PIG TAENIA COLI19 July 2012 | British Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 61, No. 4EFFECTS OF DILTIAZEM AND LANTHANUM ION ON THE POTASSIUM CONTRACTURE OF ISOLATED GUINEA PIG SMOOTH MUSCLEJapanese Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 27, No. 3The effect of caffeine on excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal and smooth muscle1 June 1976 | Journal of Experimental Biology, Vol. 64, No. 3EFFECT OF ANOXIA ON ISOTONIC SHORTENING INDUCED BY HIGH-K MEDIUM IN RAT UTERUSJapanese Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 26, No. 3ReferencesThe effects of theophylline and cyclic AMP on intestinal smooth muscle contractionsEuropean Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 23, No. 2Contracture tension in rat vas deferens and ileal smooth muscle and its modification by external calcium and the tonicity of the mediumComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology, Vol. 45, No. 2A Shift of Cellular Calcium to A More Slowly Exchangeable Fraction During Contraction in Guinea Pig Taenia ColiJapanese Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 22, No. 4Effects of Clonidine on Excitation-Contraction in Guinea-Pig Taenia ColiJapanese Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 22, No. 3EFFECT OF HISTAMINE ON OXYGEN CONSUMPTION IN GUINEA PIG TAENIA COLIJapanese Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 21, No. 5CHANGES IN TENSION, Ca MOVEMENT AND METABOLISM OF GUINEA PIG TAENIA COLI IN VARYING CONCEN-TRATIONS OF EXTERNAL Na AND KJapanese Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 19, No. 4Procaine smooth muscleComparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Vol. 27, No. 1EFFECTS OF CALCIUM DEPLETION ON OXYGEN CONSUMPTION IN GUINEA PIG TAENIA COLIJapanese Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 18, No. 4Influence de la Concentration Extracellulaire en Potassium Sur la Composition Ionique et le Tonus de L'aorte Du Rat27 September 2008 | Archives Internationales de Physiologie et de Biochimie, Vol. 76, No. 3EFFECTS OF EXTERNAL CALCIUM AND SOME METABOLIC INHIBITORS ON BARIUM-INDUCED TENSION CHANGES IN GUINEA PIG TAENIA COLIJapanese Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 17, No. 4CALCIUM DEPLETION ON OXYGEN CONSUMPTION ACCOMPANYING TENSION CHANGE INDUCED BY HIGH POTASSIUM IN GUINEA PIG TAENIA COLIJapanese Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 17, No. 3 More from this issue > Volume 211Issue 6December 1966Pages 1299-1304 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1966 by American Physiological Societyhttps://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1966.211.6.1299PubMed5956539History Published online 1 December 1966 Published in print 1 December 1966 Metrics

Effect of procaine on secretion of the hormone of the hypothalamus-pituitary system and the redistribution of the body fluid

Intravenous injection of procaine in a dose of 15 mg/kg stimulates in dogs the activity of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal system and increases the ADH level in the blood without influencing its oxytocic content. Procaine inhibits the discharge of water from the body through the kidneys and its utilization in the secretions of the alimentary tract. Injection of procaine followed by inhibition of secretion of gastric juice, bile, and pancreatic juice. Procaine causes hemoconcentration and facilitates transfer of water into the tissues. It seems that all this should be taken into account when procaine is used under clinical conditions, and in certain cases accounts for its therapeutic effect.

Competitive action of calcium and procaine on lobster axon. A study of the mechanism of action of certain local anesthetics.

Voltage clamp studies with the squid giant axon have shown that changes in the external calcium concentration (Frankenhaeuser and Hodgkin, 1957) shift the sodium and potassium conductance versus membrane potential curves along the potential axis. Taylor (1959) found that procaine acts primarily by reducing the sodium and, to a lesser extent, the potassium conductances. Both procaine and increased calcium also delay the turning on of the sodium conductance mechanism. Calcium and procaine have similar effects on lobster giant axon. In addition, we have observed that the magnitude of the response to procaine is influenced by the external calcium concentration. Increasing external calcium tends to reduce the effectiveness of procaine in decreasing sodium conductance. Conversely, procaine is more effective in reducing the membrane conductance if external calcium is decreased. The amplitude of the nerve action potential reflects these conductance changes in that, for example, reductions in amplitude resulting from the addition of procaine to the medium are partially restored by increasing external calcium, as was first noted by Aceves and Machne (1963). These phenomena suggest that calcium and procaine compete with one another with respect to their actions on the membrane conductance mechanism. The fact that procaine and its analogues compete with calcium for binding to phospholipids in vitro (Feinstein, 1964) suggests that the concept of competitive binding to phospholipids may provide a useful model for interpreting these data.

Analysis of sodium and potassium conductances in the procaine end-plate potential.

1. The effect of procaine on neuromuscular transmission was studied on the sartorius muscle of the frog, Rana pipiens, with intracellular microelectrodes.2. Mean quantal content of the e.p.p. in high Mg Ringer was little affected by procaine.3. The short circuit effect of the e.p.p. on the action potential, which was an indication of change in potassium conductance (Deltag(K)) during the e.p.p., was investigated on the muscle fibre immobilized in hypertonic Ringer. It was found that procaine had little effect on Deltag(K).4. The equilibrium potential of the e.p.p. (E(e.p.p.)) was measured in hypertonic Ringer. E(e.p.p.) was 12 mV in control experiment and was decreased to 3.1 mV in 10(-4) procaine. The ratio Deltag(Na)/Deltag(K) was calculated to be 2.75 in control and 2.11 in 10(-4) procaine.5. E.p.p.s were recorded extracellularly to study changes in the time course of Deltag(Na) in procaine. Procaine reduced the peak magnitude of Deltag(Na); following the peak, Deltag(Na) fell quickly to a lower level, which decayed much more slowly.6. An end-plate model with separate sodium and potassium pathways is proposed to explain the procaine e.p.p. Procaine is assumed to affect the time course of Deltag(Na).7. E.p.p.s simulated from the proposed end-plate model with theoretical Deltag(Na) and Deltag(K) agreed satisfactorily with actual procaine e.p.p.

Differences in Na and Ca spikes as examined by application of tetrodotoxin, procaine, and manganese ions.

The effects of tetrodotoxin, procaine, and manganese ions were examined on the Ca spike of the barnacle muscle fiber injected with Ca-binding agent as well as on the action potential of the ventricular muscle fiber of the frog heart. Although tetrodotoxin and procaine very effectively suppress the "Na spike" of other tissues, no suppressing effects are found on "Ca spike" of the barnacle fiber, while the initiation of the Ca spike is competitively inhibited by manganese ions. The initial rate of rise of the ventricular action potential is suppressed by tetrodotoxin and procaine but the plateau phase of the action potential is little affected. In contrast the suppressing effect of manganese ions is mainly on the plateau phase. The results suggest that the plateau phase of the ventricular action potential is related to the conductance increase in the membrane to Ca ions even though Na conductance change may also contribute to the plateau.

EFFECT OF OXAINE AND PROCAINE ON THE GASTRIN MECHANISM IN THE ISOLATED CANINE ANTRUM.

The effects of Oxaine and procaine on acetylcholine-induced gastric release in dogs was compared in 20 experiments on 3 dogs. Oxaine did not affect the gastrin mechanism in these experiments, while procaine, when added in similar amounts as Oxaine, reduced the secretion of HCl by 47%. The results are briefly discussed.

THE VASOCONSTRICTOR AND VASODILATOR EFFECTS OF PROCAINE.

Procaine hydrochloride (15 mg/kg) administered intravenously raises the systemic arterial pressure in spinal cats but lowers it in cats anaesthetized with pentobarbital. The rise in blood pressure is not due to release of adrenaline or noradrenaline since a pressor response to procaine still occurs after phenoxybenzamine. Procaine also increases the blood pressure in pentobarbital-anaesthetized cats after the administration of phenoxybenzamine or reserpine. The perfusion pressure in the isolated hind limb perfused at a constant flow was increased by procaine given intra-arterially in spinal cats. In contrast, procaine lowered the perfusion pressure in the hind limb of pentobarbital-anaesthetized cats. The results are consistent with a direct vasoconstrictor effect of procaine on peripheral vessels which is masked when sympathetic vasomotor tone is high. The fall in blood pressure after procaine in pentobarbital-anaesthetized cats may be due to an effect of the drug on terminal nerve endings.

NA, K, CA, MG, AND C1 CONCENTRATIONS IN CHOROID PLEXUS FLUID AND CISTERNAL FLUID COMPARED WITH PLASMA ULTRAFILTRATE.

NA, K, CA, MG, AND C1 CONCENTRATIONS IN CHOROID PLEXUS FLUID AND CISTERNAL FLUID COMPARED WITH PLASMA ULTRAFILTRATE.

GLIA IN THE LEECH CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: PHYSIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND NEURON-GLIA RELATIONSHIP.

GLIA IN THE LEECH CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: PHYSIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND NEURON-GLIA RELATIONSHIP.

The Effect of Needle Prick, Normal Saline and Procaine on Nailfold Capillaries

Injections of normal saline are commonly used as control material when testing the effects of various injected physiological and pharmacological substances. Procaine is much used as a local anesthetic before the taking of tissue for biopsy. It was decided to ascertain whether injected normal saline or procaine 1 % has any significant effect on the small blood vessels of the nailfold. The influence of the needle prick itself was also studied.

EFFECTS OF STRYCHNINE AND PROCAINE ON COLLATERAL INHIBITION OF THE MAUTHNER CELL OF GOLDFISH.

Collateral inhibition in the goldfish Mauthner cell consists of three different types of inhibition, i. e., the electrical inhibition, postsynaptic inhibition acting on the soma, and the third type of inhibition. The last one acts on presynaptic elements and on the lateral dendrite. Effects of strychnine and procaine, administered intramuscularly, were selective among these different types of inhibition. Strychnine blocked postsynaptic inhibition acting on the soma as well as the third type of inhibition leaving the electrical inhibition little suppressed, while procaine selectively blocked the electrical inhibition and the postsynaptic inhibition acting on the soma sparing the third type of inhibition. Possible mechanisms as well as loci of action of two drugs were discussed based upon these findings.

THE EFFECT OF ACONITINE, ADRENALIN AND PROCAINE, AND CHANGES IN THE IONIC CONCENTRATION IN THE PRODUCTION OF VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION IN A HIBERNATOR (HEDGEHOG) AND A NON-HIBERNATOR (GUINEA-PIG) AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES.

THE EFFECT OF ACONITINE, ADRENALIN AND PROCAINE, AND CHANGES IN THE IONIC CONCENTRATION IN THE PRODUCTION OF VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION IN A HIBERNATOR (HEDGEHOG) AND A NON-HIBERNATOR (GUINEA-PIG) AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES.

Effect of procaine on the renal circulation after induced renal vasoconstriction

1. Generalised intrarenal vasoconstriction was demonstrated by means ofin vivo injections of neoprene latex in three of four rabbits, previously subjected to temporary occlusion of the renal artery. The fourth kidney showed evidence of a juxtamedullary circulatory shunt.

Effects of vitamin B12, B6 and procaine on the conditioned escape response.

RECENTLY we reported1,2 an anticonvulsive effect of vitamin B12 and vitamin B6, and also the diminution of the aggressive behaviour induced by isolation by treatment with vitamin B 12 3. Other authors have noted an influence on the excitability of the central nervous system during measurements of chronaxie by vitamin B12 4. Furthermore, we know that vitamin B6 has a protective function against the neurotoxie effects of β-iminodiproprionitrile (IDPN)5, and that B6-avitaminosis causes inhibition of a conditioned response6.

STUDIES ON THE CHANGE IN IONIC PERMEABILITY OF BRAIN SLICES

It is well known that ions are unequally distributed between cells and their surroundings and a peculiar property of excitable membranes is the possession of a mechanism enabling them to increase their permeability to ions. By this increase in permeability, movement of ions occurs according to their concentration gradient and an action potential is formed (1-3). The mode of change in permeability of excitable membranes such as that of nerve cells is an interesting problem. The movement of cations across nerve cell membranes has been suggested largely from electrophysiological experiments on peripheral nerve. But, in this paper we used brain slices and the movement of cations caused by protoveratrine, ouabain, EDTA and detergents are examined to get a clue to clarify the nature of the peculiar property of excitable membranes. The effects of cocaine, procaine and calcium on these movements are also described.

SUDDEN DEATH IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: REPORT OF A CASE, WITH OBSERVATIONS ON THE CAUSE, PREVENTION, AND MANAGEMENT

Excerpt Sudden death following acute myocardial infarction is a well recognized possibility. This unwelcome event, though more common in the first two weeks, may occur at any time after the onset o...

"Rejuvenating" effect of procaine. A critical review of reports.

Since 1956, Prof. Anna Asian and her associates of the C. I. Parhon Institute of Geriatrics, Bucharest, Rumania, have published several articles on the rejuvenating effect of procaine, which they designated as vitamin H3. 1-6 These reports have generated great enthusiasm in Rumania, Russia, Czechoslovakia, and Germany. In the past two years the news gained considerable publicity in the lay press in England and the United States. There has been a flood of inquiries about this scientific breakthrough. Attempts have even been made, at great trouble and expense, to import the wonder drug from Bucharest, although procaine is available in almost every pharmacy in the civilized world. Therefore, it seems timely to review the subject. Asian's Reports The treatment consists of intramuscular injections of 5 ml. of a 2 per cent solution of procaine hydrochloride three times a week for a series of 12 injections. The medication is to