Effect Of Potassium Levels Research Articles

The effect of potassium levels on electrocardiographic data in calves with neonatal diarrhea

Objective: The objective of the current study was to assess the potassium levels and electrocardiographic (ECG) data in a cohort of 40 calves (age < 30 days) diagnosed with newborn diarrhea, originating from dairy farms located in Ankara, Turkey.
 Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on a dairy farm located in Ankara, involving a population of 500 dairy animals. The calves were divided into two groups: one group with normal potassium levels (n=24) and another group with hyperkalemia (n=16) due to neonatal diarrhea. After the initial clinical examination was conducted on the farm, electrocardiographic investigations were carried out utilizing an ECG equipment. The biochemical analysis of blood samples that were collected in red and dry collecting tubes was carried out with the assistance of an automated analyzing machine 
 Results: The findings indicate that there were no statistically significant differences observed across all ECG variables between the two groups.
 Conclusion: Acidemia and metabolic acidosis are commonly observed in calves suffering from hyperkalemic diarrhea, as documented in previous investigations, often accompanied by heart rhythm problems. In contrast, the current investigation revealed that neonatal calves with diarrhea and hyperkalemia had just a deepening of the T wave, without any additional abnormalities. Nevertheless, it is important to note that acidemia and metabolic acidosis were not of a severe nature. The implementation of Holter monitoring is indicated for calves experiencing hyperkalemia in conjunction with diarrhea.

Effect of Potassium Level on Growth, Yield, Nutrient Uptake and Economics of Hybrid Maize

Potassium is indeed one of the major essential nutrients required for optimal plant growth and development. It plays a crucial role in various physiological and biochemical processes within plants. In order to investigate the effect of different level of potassium on growth, yield, nutrient uptake and economics of hybrid maize a experiment was conducted at District Seed Farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, Nadia and West Bengal, India. In experiment Randomized Block Design was employed and consisted of six treatment levels of potassium : T1 (0 kg K2O ha-1), T2 (30 kg K2O ha-1), T3 (60 kg K2O ha-1), T4 (90 kg K2O ha-1), T5 (120 kg K2O ha-1) and T6 (150 kg K2O ha-1) with recommended dose of nitrogen and phosphorus (120:60 N : P2O5 kg ha-1 ). Result indicated that plant height, grain yield, stover yield, net return and benefit : Cost ratio showed significant response upto 90 kg K20 ha-1. The total uptake of N, P and K showed significant response upto 90 kg K20 ha-1. Based on the results of the experiment, it was found that the application of potassium up to 90 kg K2O ha-1 is necessary to ensure a continuous supply of potassium to maize plants. This optimal potassium level was associated with higher maize yields and economic benefits, particularly when cultivating hybrid maize varieties.

Forage productivity and morphogenesis of Mesosetum chaseae under potassium fertilization

The effect of potassium levels (0, 50, 100 and 200 kg of K2O ha-1) on green dry matter (GDM) yield and morphogenetic and structural characteristics of Mesosetum chaseae (Luces) was evaluated under natural field conditions. Potassium fertilization increased significantly (P<0.05) GDM yields, absolute growth rate (AGR), number of tillers/plant, number of leaves plant-1, medium blade length, leaf area, leaf senescence rate, leaf appearance and elongation rates. Maximum GDM yields, AGR, number of tillers/plant, number of leaves/tiller, leaf area and medium blade length were obtained with the application of 167.8; 156.2; 82.7; 101.6; 101.2 and 77.5 kg of K2O ha-1, respectively. The potassium efficiency utilization was inversely proportional to the increased potassium levels.

Influence of Potassium Levels and Spacing on Growth and Yield of Summer Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Background: Groundnuts are immensely rich in potassium, calcium, phosphorus and B vitamins which offers you with a host of health benefits. Groundnuts are a great blend of healthy fats, protein and fibre that curbs your appetite, lowers the risk of heart disease and regulates blood glucose levels.
 Objectives: Effects of potassium levels and spacing on growth and yield of summer groundnut.
 Methods: With the goal of studying the effect of potassium and spacing on growth and yield of groundnut under a Randomized block design with 9 treatments (T1-T9) The experimental results revealed that 120 kg N/ha + 60 kg P/ha produced maximum plant height (49.7 cm) No. of Nodules/Plant (106) plant dry weight (22.9) No of pods (19.3) no of kernals (2.7) pod yield (3.62 ta/ha) Halum yield (4.65 ta/ha).
 Conclusion: The combination of 40 kg potassium and 30x10 proved to be the most advantageous to farmers, resulting in, plant height (49.7 cm) No. of Nodules/Plant(106) plant dry weight (22.9) No of pods (19.3) no of kernals (2.7) pod yield (3.62 ta/ha) Halum yield (4.65 ta/ha) respectively.

Effect of potassium levels on its fractions in soil under rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation

It may be concluded from the results that the application of nitrogen and phosphorus without potassium (K) or inadequate K fertilizer application would cause greater mining of reserve soil K. Hence prior to crop production adequate K fertilizer application is needed.

Effects of Potassium Levels on Plant Growth, Accumulation and Distribution of Carbon, and Nitrate Metabolism in Apple Dwarf Rootstock Seedlings.

Nitrogen (N) is one of the most required mineral elements for plant growth, and potassium (K) plays a vital role in nitrogen metabolism, both elements being widely applied as fertilizers in agricultural production. However, the exact relationship between K and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) remains unclear. Apple dwarf rootstock seedlings (M9T337) were used to study the impacts of different K levels on plant growth, nitrogen metabolism, and carbon (C) assimilation in water culture experiments for 2 years. The results showed that both deficiency and excess K inhibited the growth and root development of M9T337 seedlings. When the K supply concentration was 0 mM and 12 mM, the biomass of each organ, root-shoot ratio, root activity and NO3– ion flow rate decreased significantly, net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) being lower. Meanwhile, seedlings treated with 6 mM K+ had higher N and C metabolizing enzyme activities and higher nitrate transporter gene expression levels (NRT1.1; NRT2.1). 13C and 15N labeling results showed that deficiency and excess K could not only reduce 15N absorption and 13C assimilation accumulation of M9T337 seedlings, but also reduced the 15N distribution ratio in leaves and 13C distribution ratio in roots. These results suggest that appropriate K supply (6 mM) was optimal as it enhanced photoassimilate transport from leaves to roots and increased NUE by influencing photosynthesis, C and N metabolizing enzyme activities, nitrate assimilation gene activities, and nitrate transport.

Effects of potassium levels on translocation of 13C-photoassimilates to fruit in 'Fuji' apple during fruit expanding period

A field experiment was carried out in a six-year old 'Fuji'3/M26/Malus hupehensis Rehd. apple with the 13C tracer method to examine the changes of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, photosynthetic characteristics of leaf, sugar transporter gene expression, 13C assimilation capability and the characteristics of translocation and distribution of 13C-photoassimilates to fruit under different levels of potassium addition (K2O 0, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, expressed by CK, K1, K2, K3, K4, respectively). Potassium aqueous solution smear the leaves within 20 cm around the fruit at fruit enlargement stage. Compared with other treatments, K3 treatment significantly increased Rubisco enzyme activity, net photosynthetic rate, maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII, actual photochemical efficiency of PSII, coefficient of photochemical quenching, sorbitol and sucrose content, sorbitol 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (S6PDH) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) enzyme activities and 13C assimilation capability of leaves. Furthermore, K3 treatment increased gene expression of sorbitol transporter MdSOT1 and MdSOT2 and sucrose transporter MdSUT4, and promoted the unloading of sugar in fruit. The 13C of self retention (self leaves and self branches) was the highest in CK (82.6%) and the lowest in K3 treatment (60.5%). With increasing potassium concentration, the 13C absorption of fruit first increased and then decreased, which was the highest in K3 treatment (1.31 mg·g-1) and the lowest in CK (0.57 mg·g-1). Our results indicated that foliage application of potassium solution improved PSII photochemical efficiency, activities of key enzymes related with carbon assimilation, synthesis ability, and outward transport ability of photosynthates in leaves, and consequently promoted the directional transportation of sugar to fruit. The amount of photoassimilates transported to fruit was the most under 1.5% K2O treatment (K3).

Effect of potassium levels on teff (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) growth and yield in Central Highland Vertisols of Ethiopia

Nutrient depletion and imbalance are among the major attributes that contribute to declining soil productivity in the highlands of Ethiopia. The blanket fertilizer recommendation, which considered only urea and Di-ammonium phosphate (DAP), was used over the past four decades to improve soil fertility for enhancing crop production. Nevertheless, the average national yields of small cereal including teff were low, despite application of nitrogen and phosphorus (NP) fertilizers. On-farm trials were conducted in the 2015/16 and 2016/17 cropping seasons at 18 locations on Ethiopian highland Vertisols to determine the response of teff to potassium (K) fertilization along with other limiting nutrients. Five K levels (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1) in the form of murate of potash (KCl) were used in randomized complete block design with three replications. Separate analysis of variance was conducted for each sites and year. Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at P ≤ 0.05 was used to separate means whenever there were significant differences. Analysis of variance revealed a highly significant difference (P 50:1 and Mg: K >15:1 are likely to respond to potassium fertilization. The yield advantage accrued due to K application ranged from 30 to 77% in 2015/16 and 8 to 51% in 2016/17 seasons. The economic optimum K fertilizer application rates varied between 60 kg K ha-1 in 44% of the sites to 90 kg K ha-1 in 23% of the sites. The findings highlighted the need for revisiting fertilizer program to enhance the yield and nutrient uptake of teff in K responsive soils and developing critical levels for K in the study sites.

Effects of potassium levels on growth and productivity of potato varieties in inner terai of Nepal

Potassium is an essential nutrient for potato due to its direct effects on the growth, yield and quality of potato tubers. This study was carried out at Lamahi, Dang Nepal during winter season of 2018. Two potato variety (Local and Cardinal) and five levels of potassium (30, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg K2O/ha) were evaluated in two factorial randomized block design with three replications. The application of potassium at 100 kg/ha produced significantly highest plant canopy, stem diameter and leaf length for the both varieties. The highest tuber number per plant (10.3 for Local and 17.6 for cardinal) and tuber weight (19.7 g for Local and 49 g for Cardinal) were obtained with the application of 100 kg K2O/ha. The highest gross margin was found with this level of potassium. Therefore, farmers should apply 100 kg K2O to potato to achieve maximum production and benefit.

Resposta de Stylosanthes capitata cv. Lavradeiro a níveis de potássio

The effects of potassium levels (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg of K2O ha-1) on green dry matter (GDM), chemical composition and nodulation of Stylosanthes capitata cv. Lavradeiro were evaluated under field conditions in Roraima´s savannas. Potassium fertilization increased significantly (P

English

The present investigation on “Effect of potassium levels, sources and time of application on growth and growth parameters of onion var. Arka Kalyan” was carried out at the College of Horticulture, Bagalkot, Karnataka during Kharif season of 2015 and 2016. Potassium significantly influenced the growth components like plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf length, leaf breadth, neck thickness and biomass per plant with increasing levels of potassium at 30, 60 and 90 days after transplanting. Application of 200 per cent RDK recorded significantly higher plant height (37.08, 54.00 and 56.69 cm, respectively), number of leaves per plant (5.59, 8.66 and 9.88, respectively), leaf length (33.85, 47.50 and 48.02 cm, respectively), leaf breadth (5.19, 7.44 and 7.84 mm, respectively), leaf area per plant (154.52, 490.92 and 582.72 cm2, respectively), neck thickness (7.60, 13.90 and 15.08 mm, respectively) and biomass per plant (4.60, 8.22 and 14.70 g, respectively) and it proved significantly superior over 100 per cent RDK. Growth parameters like plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf length, leaf breadth, leaf area per plant, neck thickness and biomass per plant varied significantly by potassium supplied as sulphate of potash over muriate of potash. The growth parameters was significantly influenced by the time of application of potassium. At 30 DAT, the application of 100 per cent potassium at transplanting was recorded significantly higher growth parameters compared to 50 per cent potassium at transplanting and 50 per cent K at 30 DAT was applied as basal. At 60 and 90 DAT, application of 50 per cent potassium at transplanting and 50 per cent K at 30 DAT was recorded superior growth over 100 per cent potassium at transplanting.

Production and chemical composition of Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça under different levels of potassium

The effect of potassium levels (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 mg of K/dm3) on dry matter (DM) yield and chemical composition of Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça, was evaluated under greenhouse with natural conditions of light and temperature. Potassium fertilization significantly (P

Forage yield and morphogenesis of Trachypogon plumosus under potassium levels

The effects of potassium levels (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg of K2O ha-1) on green dry matter (GDM) yield and morphogenetic and structural characteristics of Trachypogon plumosus were evaluated under field conditions. Potassium fertilization increased significantly GDM yields, K concentrations, number of tillers (NT), number of leaves plant-1 (NLP), medium blade length (MBL), leaf area index (LAI), leaf appearance (LAR) and elongation rates (LER). Maximum GDM yields, LAR, LER, NT, NLP, LAI and MBL were obtained with the application of 97.1; 116.0; 94.8; 105.1; 106.5; 97.4 and 88.2 kg of K2O ha-1, respectively. The K critic level, related to 80% of GDM maximum production, was estimated at 17.91 g kg-1. The K efficiency utilization was inversely proportional to the K rates applied, while the opposite occurring to the leaf senescence rate

Response of Cotton to Potassium Levels Under Water Regime

A field trial was conducted at Experimental Field of Field Crop Department of College of Agriculture-Abu-Graib during 2011 and 2012 seasons to investigate the effect of potassium level in growth, lint yield and its components of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar Lashata was grown under abundance and deficit water conditions. Split plot arrangement with randomized complete block design was used with three replicates. Irrigation intervals occupied main plots (Irrigation weekly and each two weeks) while potassium levels (0, 220, 280, 340, 400 kg k2O5/ha) occupied subplots. The statistical analysis showed superiority of irrigation at two weeks of seed cotton yield (3.75 t/h), number of open bolls per plant (20.47), number of sympodium per plant (19.65 and 17.27), ginning percentage (37.47) and water use efficiency (0.38 kg/m3). There were significant effect of potassium in traits. The level 340 kg K2O5/ha was gave the highest seed cotton yield (3.87 t/ha) due to attained the highest number of open bolls (29.25 bolls per plant for first season and gave 3.71 t/ha at 280 kg K2O5/ha due to higher boll weight (3.57 g) for second season. It could be conclude irrigation at two weeks with apply 280 kg K2O5/ha hadk attained the highest seed cotton and ginning percentage to reduce water requirements of cotton in central region of Iraq.

Effect of Potassium Fertility Levels on Gladiolus Yield Quality of Cut Flowers and Corm production

Eight cultivars of Gladiolus “Deciso, Hong Kong, Jessica, Jester Ruffled, Madonna, Peters Pears, Rose Supreme and White Friendship” were evaluated for relative productivity in Peshawar, Pakistan over two years and at three levels of potassium (0, 100 and 200 kg K ha -1 ). There was a considerable variability in yield and quality of cut flowers as well as corm and cormels numbers in the cultivar and year with limited influence of potassium levels. Cultivars irrespective of years and potassium showed significant differences in all vegetative and floral characteristics studied during the experiment. Similarly years affected significantly all the growth parameters except first and last florets persistency and diameter of daughter corms. Potassium levels significantly affected only floret’s size at full open stage, last florets persistency and number of cormels per mother corm. There was a significant interaction between years and cultivars against all growth characteristics except size of first florets at color showing as well as first and last florets persistency. A variation in the effect of potassium levels regarding number of daughter corms and cormels per mother corm of gladiolus cultivars was observed. Last florets persistency was significantly affected by an interaction among years, potassium levels and cultivars. Rose Supreme and Jessica proved superior and were recommended for commercial cultivation in Peshawar, Pakistan.

Effects of potassium levels on fruit quality of muskmelon in soilless medium culture

Effects of potassium levels on fruit quality were evaluated on ‘Tiantian No. 1’ muskmelon ( Cucumis melo, cv. reticulatus Naud.) in soilless medium culture under a greenhouse. Three potassium levels, K 120 (insufficient), K 240 (suitable), and K 360 (excessive) in nutrient solution, which represent 120, 240, and 360 mg l −1 of potassium (K), respectively, were applied. At potassium level of 240 mg l −1, the concentrations of total sugar, total soluble solids, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, alanine, and volatile acetate components ( n-amyl acetate, 2-butoxyethyl acetate) significantly increased in fruit flesh, which should improve the taste and aroma of muskmelon. However, no significant difference in fruit appearance or size was recorded among the treatments. Favorable quality of muskmelon in soilless medium culture were achieved when potassium level was adjusted to near 240 mg l −1 in nutrient solution.

Effects of potassium levels over the range occurring in host plants on the growth of an insect herbivore (Manduca sexto)

AbstractThird instar tobacco hornworms (Manduca sexta L.: Sphingidae) on low dietary potassium had a lower relative growth rate than individuals on diets with potassium concentrations reflecting those in host‐plants, due to decreased consumption rate, lower efficiencies of conversion of ingested and digested food (ECI and ECD), and a prolonged growth/feeding phase. Furthermore, these larvae, when placed on a diet with a moderate potassium concentration through the fourth stadium, ended up being smaller due to lower ECI and less biomass gained, and had a prolonged growth phase, which suggest an irreversible cost of the previous low potassium diet. Third instar hornworms on high potassium diets had lower ECI and ECD, and they had a prolonged growth phase. These individuals, when placed on a moderate potassium diet in the fourth stadium, gained less biomass, than those previously offered hostplant‐like‐potassium diets. Body potassium concentrations (% dw) at the end of the third stadium were similar among treatment groups. With increasing potassium concentrations in the diet, utilization efficiencies of potassium decreased and potassium concentrations in the frass increased. Correspondingly, water content (% fw) of the newly‐molted fourth instar larvae declined with increasing potassium, indicating a passive loss of water during potassium excretion. Low and high dietary potassium reduced survivorship of third instar larvae; fourth instar caterpillars previously fed the low potassium diet also had poor survivorship. We conclude that, within the normal range of potassium concentrations in the hostplants, caterpillar performance is largely unaffected by potassium concentration, but that potassium‐poor and potassium‐rich diets, such as those hornworms may sometimes experience, can reduce growth and survivorship.

Effect of Potassium Level on Severity of Drechslera Leaf Spot of Calathea picturata ‘Vandenheckei’

Abstract Severity of Drechslera leaf spot (Drechslera setariae) of Calathea picturata ‘Vandenheckei’ was affected by potassium fertilization rate with ½, 1 or 2 times the recommended rate (1400 g/m3) causing a reduction in number of lesions caused by Drechslera setariae compared to plants receiving no potassium. In addition, plant quality, height and number of leaves were unaffected by potassium rate during the test period. Leachate electrical conductivity was unaffected by these potassium rates and was approximately 1000 μhos/cm two months after fertilization.

Effect of Potassium Level on Bacterial Blight (BB) Incidence and Rice Yield

Effect of Potassium Level on Bacterial Blight (BB) Incidence and Rice Yield

Effect of potassium level on site of absorption of magnesium and other macroelements in sheep.

Eighteen wether lambs, surgically equipped with abomasal and ileal cannulae, were used in two metabolism trials. Two levels of dietary Mg (.1 and .2%) and three levels of K (.6, 2.4 and 4.8%, dry basis) were fed with a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement. Each trial consisted of a 10-d preliminary period, a 7-d collection of feed, feces and urine for determining mineral balance and a 6-d sampling of feed, abomasal and ileal fluid and feces to determine flow and site of mineral absorption. Magnesium absorption occurred before the small intestine. Feeding 2.4 and 4.8% K decreased (P less than .05) Mg absorption by 24.4 and 61.2%, respectively. Preintestinal absorption of Mg was depressed linearly with increases in dietary potassium. Larger amounts of Mg flowed to the small intestine and were excreted in the feces when the high level of Mg was fed. A net secretion of Mg into the small intestine followed by a small amount of Mg absorption in the large intestine was also found. Serum Mg was depressed 7 and 10% when diets containing 2.4 and 4.8% potassium were fed, respectively. Magnesium level did not affect K absorption or balance. Potassium absorption, retention and urinary excretion increased (P less than .05) with increasing K level. Animals fed the low K diet had a negative absorption of K preintestinally with the small intestine being the main site of absorption. Increasing K level resulted in approximately equal amounts of K being absorbed in the stomach and small intestine.