Effect Of Postharvest Application Research Articles

Effect of postharvest application of jasmonic acid on shelf-life quality of strawberries

Effect of postharvest application of jasmonic acid on shelf-life quality of strawberries

Effects of postharvest application of Citrocide® PLUS, a peracetic acid based formulation, on tomato decay control

Effects of postharvest application of Citrocide^® PLUS, a peracetic acid based formulation, on tomato decay control

Effects of postharvest application of salicylic acid and benzothiadiazole on cut rose (Rosa hybrida)

Effects of postharvest application of salicylic acid and benzothiadiazole on cut rose (<i>Rosa hybrida</i>)

Effects of postharvest application of UV-C radiation on the control of microorganisms and maintenance of quality in strawberries

Because it is a highly perishable fruit, due to its high metabolic activity and water content, the strawberry has a shelf life limited by weight loss, texture alteration and microbiological deterioration. Such susceptibility to proliferation of microorganisms and the occurrence of postharvest diseases, especially some rot, stimulates the study of alternative sanitizing treatments that aims at the maintenance of fruit quality such as ultraviolet radiation, which it exhibits germicidal properties in the region UV-C (200-280nm). The non-formation of residual toxic compounds on the surface of the product, a low cost and the fact of being odorless are advantages of its use in fruits and vegetables.¹ In the present study the objective was to evaluate the efficacy and effects of UV-C radiation in strawberries by applying 0.0 (T1), 1.25 (T2), 2.50 (T3), 3.75 (T4) and 5.0 (T5) kJ/m² and storage at 5.37 ± 0.74 ºC and 53.38 ± 6.84% RH after irradiation. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized blocks design with three replicates per treatment. In the results, it was not possible to observe some benefits of UV-C in strawberries in relation to their non-use, suggesting it needs further studies with different doses and storage conditions.

Effect of post harvest application of chemicals on physiological parameters of different ber (Zizyphus mauritiana lamk.) varieties during storage

Effect of post harvest application of chemicals on physiological parameters of different ber (<i>Zizyphus mauritiana</i> lamk.) varieties during storage

Effect of post harvest application of chemicals and different packaging materials on shelf-life of banana (Musa spp) cv Robusta

An experiment was conducted in Department of Horticulture (Fruit and Fruit Technology), Bihar Agricultural College, Sabour, Bihar during 2010-11 to delay ripening and extend shelf-life of banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) fruit. The experiments were undertaken with twelve treatments combinations of CaCl2 (2% or 4%), polyethylene bag, banana dried leaves, newspaper, CaCl2 (2%) + polyethylene bag, CaCl2 (4%) + polyethylene bag, CaCl2 (2%) + banana dried leaves, CaCl2 (4%) + banana dried leaves, CaCl2 (2%) + newspaper, CaCl2 (4%) + newspaper and control. CaCl2 (4%) and CaCl2 (2%) in combination with polyethylene bag were the most potent treatment for enhancing storage period and maintaining physico-chemical characteristics of banana cv Robusta while as CaCl2 (4%) + polyethylene bag were very effectively reduced physiological loss in weight (PLW) and ripening per cent. The maximum retention of bio-chemical constitute like total soluble solids, titratable acidity, and reducing sugars was also obtained in fruits treated with CaCl2 (4%) + polyethylene bag along with increased shelf-life up to 16th day storage period of banana fruits.

Combined Treatment of Carbon Monoxide and Chitosan Reduced Peach Fruit Browning and Softening During Cold Storage

The effects of postharvest application of chitosan and carbon monoxide (CO) on fruit browning and softening during cold storage (8 ℃) were evaluated. CO (10 μmol/L) significantly delayed the internal browning of peach fruit, and the effect was enhanced in combination with chitosan (1%, w/w). Further studies showed that treatment with CO and chitosan reduced the increase of PPO and POD activities, maintained PAL activity and total phenoilics content at a higher level. Moreover, it also reduced fruit tissue softening by retarded the increase of PE, PG activities and water soluble pectin content, inhibited the decline of flesh firmness as well as sustained the balance of PG and PE activities, improved the ability of chilling injury tolerance. Therefore, peaches treated with chitosan and CO obviously delayed the fruit browning and softening during cold storage, and it indicates that combined treatment with chitosan and CO can be effective in reducing browning and softening of peach fruit and inhibited chilling injury during cold storage.

Effect of pulse treatment with sucrose, exogenous benzyl adenine and gibberellic acid on vase life of cut rose ‘Red One’

Effects of postharvest application of two plant growth regulators viz., benzyladenine (BA) and gibberellic acid (GA3) with sucrose in the pulse solution on the vase life of roses ‘Red One’ were investigated. Results show a maximum gain in fresh weight (18.01%) in the cut roses in the treatment with a 20 mg·L−1 GA3 + 100 g· L−1 sucrose pulse solution. In contrast to the change in fresh weight, treatments of 10 or 20 mg·L−1 BA and the control recorded the maximum water uptake. A pulse solution of 10 or 20 mg· L-1 GA3 + 100 g· L−1 sucrose or 10 mg· L−1 BA+ 10 mg· L−1 GA3 + 100 g·L−1 sucrose significantly increased vase life of cut roses than the control. Treatments of 100 g· L−1 sucrose, control, 10 mg· L−1 GA, 10 or 20 mg·L−1 BA + 100 g· L−1 sucrose recorded higher petal tissue electrolyte leakage and decrease in vase life. Pulsing with a solution of sucrose at lower concentrations along with GA3 (10 mg· L−1) was promising in increasing vase life of cut roses ‘Red One’.

Effects of postharvest applications of calcium nitrate and acetate on quality and shelf-life improvement of "Jonagold" apple fruit

The effects of postharvest application of calcium were investigated on shelf-life and quality of apple fruits (Malus domestica cv. ‘Jonagold’) after harvest or cold storage up to 150 days. The fruits were immersed in deionised water or in different calcium sources (calcium acetate at two calcium concentrations 0.35 and 0.7%w/v and calcium nitrate at two calcium concentrations 0.5 and 1%w/v. The experiment was carried out in 2010 to 2011 and fruit weight losses, fruit firmness, total soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids /titratable acidity ratio, thiault index, perlim index, ethylene production, peroxidase and catalase enzyme activities were measured at 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, and 150 days after harvest life. Results showed that all immersing conditions leaded to the best results of fruit quality assessments when compared with control. The calcium treatments increase fruit firmness, titratable acidity and catalase enzyme activity, while decreasing total soluble solids, weight losses percentages, ethylene production, TSS/TA ratio and Peroxidase enzyme activity during cold storage at 0-2°C for 150 days. Key words: Shelf-life, “Jonagold“ apple, calcium nitrate, calcium acetate.

The influence of plant growth regulators and storage on root induction and growth in Pelargonium zonale cuttings

The effects of post harvest application of ethylene, abscisic acid (ABA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) treatments or dark storage on root induction and continued growth of regenerated roots in Pelargonium cuttings were investigated using hydroponics in the greenhouse. Ethylene markedly increased rooting percentage in ‘Greco’ and ‘Surfing’, reduced the number of roots per cutting in ‘Surfing’ and had no effect on the total root lengths in the two cultivars. Ethylene treatment reduced fresh root mass in ‘Surfing’, increased dry root mass and reduced root water content in both cultivars. ABA (50 μM) enhanced rooting percentage in ‘Greco’, reduced the number of roots per cutting, reduced total root lengths and fresh root mass in both cultivars. ABA increased dry root mass and reduced root water content in ‘Surfing’ but this effect was not apparent in ‘Greco’. Storing cuttings in the dark for 4 days had no effect on rooting percentage and number of roots per cutting in ‘Greco’ and ‘Surfing’. However, dark storage reduced total root lengths in ‘Surfing’ and reduced fresh root mass in ‘Greco’. Dark storage had no effect on dry root mass and water content in both cultivars. Applying 4 μl l−1 IBA in the rooting solution induced maximum (100%) root induction in ‘Surfing’. However, IBA reduced the number of roots per cutting in ‘Greco’, reduced total root lengths and fresh root mass in the two cultivars. IBA treatment profoundly increased and reduced dry root mass and root water content, respectively, in ‘Greco’ and ‘Surfing’. The enhanced root induction observed after IBA and ABA applications could be ascribed to their influence on ethylene biosynthesis, since ethylene treatment increased rooting percentage in both cultivars. However, high ABA (100 μM) and IBA (12 μl l−1) levels or dark storage reduced the ability of induced roots to continue growth. We attribute our results to plant stress-response mechanism and ethylene appears to play an important role in the process of root initiation and root growth in Pelargonium cuttings.

1-METHYLCYCLOPROPENE APPLICATION SUPPRESSES LIPID PEROXIDATION AND INCREASES ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME ACTIVITY IN COLD-STORED 'SEKAKI' PAPAYAS

The effects of postharvest application of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) at 270 ppb for 12h on lipid peroxidation and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT) in papayas (Carica papaya 'Sekaki') stored at 10°C for four weeks were studied. Papaya fruit treated with 1-MCP exhibited lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content when transferred to ambient temperatures (28°C) for ripening as compared to the non-MCP treated fruit suggesting that lipid peroxidation was suppressed by 1-MCP. In addition, the activities of SOD, APX and CAT were also elevated by the treatment. Chilling injury (CI) incidence was slightly alleviated; however, loss of tissue firmness was greatly arrested. These results suggest that 1-MCP being an antagonist of ethylene action may reduce cellular disintegration that involves development of oxidative stress through the enhancement of some antioxidant enzyme activity and prevent ethylene-associated degradation of cell wall components that leads to tissue softening.

Uso de cera e 1-metilciclopropeno na conservação refrigerada de graviola (Annona muricata L.)

Graviolas 'Morada', provenientes de pomar comercial localizado em Limoeiro do Norte, Ceará, foram colhidas na maturidade fisiológica com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da aplicação pós-colheita de 1-meticiclopropeno (1-MCP) e cera na conservação, durante o armazenamento refrigerado. Os frutos foram armazenados por 0; 4; 8; 11; 13 e 15 dias, a 15,4±1,1ºC e 86,0±7,3% UR. Os tratamentos pós-colheita foram os seguintes: controle, 200 nL L-1 de 1-MCP (SmartFresh™), pulverização com a cera Fruit wax® e pulverização com Fruit wax® seguida de aplicação de 200 nL L-1 de 1-MCP. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, em fatorial 4x6 (tratamentos pós-colheita x tempo de armazenamento), com quatro repetições. As variáveis analisadas foram: cor da casca e da polpa, a partir da luminosidade (L), cromaticidade (C) e ângulo de cor (Hº); perda de massa; pH; acidez titulável (AT); sólidos solúveis totais (SST); açúcares solúveis totais (AST) e açúcares redutores (AR). Os tratamentos cera e cera+1-MCP mantiveram estáveis os valores de L da casca e da polpa até o 8º e o 4º dia de armazenamento, respectivamente. O aumento em SST foi temporariamente atrasado pelos tratamentos pós-colheita. A AT, pH, AST e AR não foram influenciados pela cera e pelo 1-MCP. O uso da cera diminuiu a perda de massa em 23%, quando comparado ao controle.

Shelf life and quality of ber [Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.] fruit cv. Umran in response to post harvest application of ultraviolet radiation and paclobutrazol

The effect of post harvest application of ultraviolet (UV) radiation (UV-C) and paclobutrazol (PBZ) on shelf life and quality of ber (Zizyphus mauritiana) was studied. Physiological loss in weight (PLW) and rotting were lowest in fruits treated with UV radiation 6 h + PBZ 5 ppm, during twelve days of storage. As the storage period advanced, total soluble solids (TSS) and TSS/acid ratio increased, while acidity and ascorbic acid contents of the fruits decreased. Highest ascorbic acid (86.19 mg/ 100 ml juice) and lowest total soluble solids (16.16%) were retained in the fruits treated with UV radiation for 6 h + PBZ 5 (ppm).

Effect of post harvest application of calcium and virosil on ripenning and shelf life of guava var. Allahabad Safeda

Effect of calcium (CaCl, at 1, 2 or 4% and Ca (NO), at 1, 2 or 4%) and Virosil (1, 2 or 4%) as post harvest treatments on storage life of guava var Allahabad Safeda at room temperatures was studied. It revealed that the treatment viz. 4% Ca (NO), and 5% virosil (contains silver in cationic form) have extended shelf life of guava fruits by 5 days. The fruits treated with 4% Ca(NO,), have retained higher TSS, higher ascorbic acid, higher total titrable acidity and higher total sugars than other treatments. The fruits treated with Ca (NO,), at 4% and 2% and virosil at 5% were exhibited reduced loss in physiological weight, slower increase in TSS percent and total sugar contents and slower decrease in ascorbic acid and total acidity of fruits.

INDUÇÃO DO AMADURECIMENTO DE FRUTOS CÍTRICOS EM PÓS-COLHEITA COM A APLICAÇÃO DE ETHEPHON

O presente experimento foi conduzido no Departamento de Botânica -- IB/Unesp, Botucatu-SP, com o objetivo de estudar o efeito da aplicação pós-colheita de Ethephon no desverdecimento de laranjas-doces (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) cultivar 'Hamlin' e 'Baianinha', consideradas cultivares precoces. Os frutos foram imersos por diferentes tempos em solução aquosa de Ethephon mais 0,05% do adjuvante Extravon (25% de Alquilfenol - poliglicoléter). Os frutos foram colocados em caixas de madeira, sobre bancada, em temperatura ambiente, onde permaneceram por 72 horas. Os tratamentos utilizados foram os seguintes: T1- testemunha (água); T2 -- Ethephon -- 1000 mg.L-1 / 5 minutos de imersão; T3 - Ethephon -- 2000 mg.L-1 / 5 minutos de imersão; T4 -- Ethephon -- 3000 mg.L-1 / 5 minutos de imersão; T5 -- Ethephon -- 4000 mg.L-1 / 5 minutos de imersão; T6 -- Ethephon -- 1000 mg.L-1 / 10 minutos de imersão; T7 - Ethephon -- 2000 mg.L-1 / 10 minutos de imersão; T8 -- Ethephon -- 3000 mg.L-1 / 10 minutos de imersão; T9 -- Ethephon -- 4000 mg.L-1 / 10 minutos de imersão. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com 9 tratamentos e 4 repetições. Após 72 horas, o experimento foi avaliado através das seguintes variáveis: teor de clorofila da casca, teor de sólidos solúveis (0Brix) e textura dos frutos, além da análise visual com a utilização de fotografias. Com isso, verificou-se que houve influência do Ethephon no processo de mudança da cor da casca de frutos cítricos em todos os tratamentos, diferenciado-se estatisticamente da testemunha, porém, na concentração de 4000 mg.L-1, houve início de necrose em alguns pontos da casca dos frutos. Assim, pode-se concluir que a melhor concentração foi a de 1000 mg.L-1 de Ethephon, para acelerar o processo de desverdecimento ou mudança da coloração da casca de frutos de laranjas precoces cultivares 'Hamlin' e 'Baianinha'.

The effects of postharvest application of surface sterilizing agents on the incidence of fungal rots in stored apples and pears

SummaryThe effectiveness of surface sterilants as a means of controlling storage rots in apple (cvs Cox’s Orange Pippin and Bramley’s Seedling) and pear (cv. Doyenne du Cornice) was studied over two years. The effects of treatments on ‘Cox’ stored under controlled atmosphere (CA) conditions differed according to the source of fruit: chlorine (as calcium hypochlorite) reduced rotting in fruit from one orchard, but increased it in fruit from another orchard. In the same experiments drenching with metalaxyl/carbendazim reduced rotting, despite the presence of strains of Botrytis cinerea resistant to carbendazim. A peroxide-based sterilant gave similar results on ‘Cox’ to those obtained with chlorine. Chlorine treatment significantly reduced rotting of air-stored ‘Bramley’ (by 59%) and ‘Comice’ pears (by 51 %) and was as effective as metalaxyl/carbendazim and iprodione respectively in controlling storage rots, suggesting that this treatment could be viewed as an alternative to postharvest fungicide application. Addition of a non-ionic surfactant failed to improve the efficacy of chlorine and the effectiveness of metalaxyl/carbendazim treatment was not improved by drenching in chlorine prior to fungicide application.

Effect of orchard and postharvest application of daminozide on ethylene synthesis by apple fruit

The effects of daminozide (butanedioic acid-2,2-dimethylhydrazide) on ethylene synthesis by apple fruits were investigated. The objective was to determine the effects of postharvest applications as compared to the standard application of diaminozide in the orchard. Immersion in a solution containing 4.25 g L−1 active ingredient for 5 min delayed the rise in ethylene production in individual “Cox” apples at 15°C by about 2 days, whereas orchard application of 0.85 g L−1 caused delays of about 3 days. Both modes of application depressed the maximal rate of ethylene production attained by ripe apples by about 30%. Daminozide did not affect the stimulation of respiration by ethylene treatment of “Gloster” apples, but it delayed the increase in ethylene synthesis. Daminozide applied immediately after harvest delayed the rise in ethylene synthesis in “Golden Delicious” held at 15°C, but it was less effective when applied 48 h after harvest or when apples were held at 5°C. Exposure to 1–2 μl L−1 ethylene for 48 h was less effective in promoting the rise in ethylene in daminozidetreated “Cox” and “Gloster” apples than in untreated fruit. High (100–1000 μl L−1) concentrations of ethylene more or less overcame the daminozide effect. Apples absorbed about 40% of surface-applied [14C]daminozide in 48 h, but more than 90% of the radioactivity in the fruit was recovered from the peel and outer 1 cm of the cortex. Daminozide was partly converted to carbon dioxide and other metabolites.

Effect of postharvest application of calcium on ripening rates of pears and bananas

SummaryDipping unripe pears (cv Williams Bon Chretien) in a solution of calcium chloride under reduced pressure (125-375 mm Hg) and subsequent storage at 20°C delayed ripening by up to 40% of the time taken for control fruit to ripen. The Ca-treated fruit ripened normally and a taste panel found that it was of good eating quality. However, dipping unripe bananas (cv Cavendish) in CaCl2 solution, whether under ambient or reduced pressure, accelerated ripening.

The effect of post harvest application of growth regulators on the yield of steroidal sapogenin from plant material

Incubation of harvested tuber of Dioscorea deltoidea Wall. and whole seed of Trigonella foenumgraecum L. with either synthetic or natural plant growth regulators increased the sapogenin yield by up to 35 per cent. The process is concentration and time dependent and is possibly linked to a role of the saponins.