Effects Of Polar Compounds Research Articles

Effects of polar compounds in fried palm oil on liver lipid metabolism in C57 mice.

Polar components (PCs) are produced during the frying of oil, affecting the quality of edible oil and posing a hazard to human health. In this study, C57 mice were fed a high-fat (HF) diet containing purified PCs for nine weeks. Their effects on lipid metabolism and liver function in animals were analyzed. Our results indicated that the contents of total PCs and saturated fatty acid increased from 6.07 ± 0.6% and 58.27 ± 0.35% to 19.17 ± 1.8% and 69.91 ± 0.51%, respectively (P < 0.01). PC intake resulted an 18.56% higher liver index in mice than that in the HF group. The PC group had the highest malondialdehyde (MDA) content (1.94 ± 0.11 nmol/mg protein) and the liver nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) activity score (NAS) was 4, which already showed NAFLD characteristics. In addition, the expression levels of lipid metabolism-related genes, including sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), fatty acid synthetase (FAS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha, and peroxisome acyl-CoA oxidase 1, indicated that PC increased hepatic lipid accumulation by upregulating the transcriptional level of fat synthesis genes and further leads to liver damage by affecting mitochondrial function. Our results provided important information about the effects of PCs produced in the frying process of PO on animal health, which is critical for assessing the biosafety of fried products. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The research will help promote the industrial upgrading of fried foods and help consumers build healthy lifestyles.

Influence of coexisting functionalized polyalkylmethacrylates on the formation of ZnDTP-derived tribofilm

Although zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZnDTP) shows supreme antiwear performance by forming a thick polyphosphate-based tribofilm on the friction surface, it has been pointed out that the use of ZnDTP is accompanied by interference from the coexisting dispersant. For the maintenance of the good antiwear performance of ZnDTP when it is used with coexisting polar compounds, the effects of polar compounds on the tribofilm formation of ZnDTP should be clarified. Since the recent demand for minimizing energy consumption recommends applying lower-viscosity oil to reduce the viscous drag, the use of a good viscosity modifier (VM) that improves the temperature–viscosity characteristic of the oil is required. Here we tested several types of functionalized polymethacrylate (PMA)-VMs used with ZnDTP, and we discuss their effect on the tribofilm formation of ZnDTP. We observed that the PMA-series VMs with different functional groups influenced the tribofilm formation of ZnDTP. The amino-group-containing PMA in particular significantly reduced the formation of tribofilm.

Effect of polar compounds on copolymerization of propylene oxide and tetrahydrofuran

Propionaldehyde and sodium perchlorate have a marked effect not only on kinetics of copolymerization of propylene oxide and tetrahydrofuran (THF) initiated by BF 3, and also on molecular weight characteristics of the copolymer obtained. The ability of polar compounds to solvate BF 3 complexes and growing centres slows down all the reactions in which they take part. For example, the rate of isomerization of propylene oxide and the formation of a cyclic tetramer decreases, while the concentration of the latter during the process passes through the maximum. This is explained by the existence of chain transfer to a cyclic tetrameter with ring opening.