Effects Of Performance Measures Research Articles

The effects of performance measurement on megaproject performance: the moderating effects of project complexity

The effects of performance measurement on megaproject performance: the moderating effects of project complexity

Managing both the empowering and constraining effects of performance measurement: a levers of control perspective

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the empowering and constraining effects of performance measurement. The levers of control perspective emphasises the fact that interactive processes play an important role in balancing these effects. This paper proposes to extend the analysis of effects in this literature, by looking at them in conjunction with the role of dialogue.Design/methodology/approachThis paper analyses a longitudinal case study of the use of user satisfaction indicators in the reception of a French local authority. The data were collected using a three-year longitudinal case study method from semi-directive interviews and participations at meetings.FindingsThe case study shows that performance measurement was introduced to encourage reception employees to make changes to the experience of service users. Employees were involved in the design phase of the survey and in the development of proposals. The dialogue approach represented a way of encouraging employees to agree to accept changes. However, this dialogue offered greater empowerment of employees by the managers.Research limitations/implicationsFurther work would be needed to enrich the characteristics of the dialogue and its effects on other performance measurement systems.Practical implicationsThe dialogue between employees and managers was designed to be interactive and created a situation with both empowering and constraining effects. The method of organisation, involving regular meetings with formal tasks to be accomplished at each meeting, appears significant for the evolution of the effects.Originality/valueWe extend the levers of control perspective to demonstrate the importance of the dialogue in balancing the effects. The case study makes it easier to understand how the empowering effects are related to the objective of constraint in the dialogue approach, and how these effects evolve.

Factors influencing the credibility of performance measurement in nonprofits

ABSTRACT Whereas a lot of resources have been devoted to performance measurement in the nonprofit sector, the measurement efforts have been hindered by the concerns over credibility of measurement. In this study, the author uses path analysis to investigate the direct and indirect influences of six predictors on the credibility of performance measurement in nonprofits. Research findings indicate that stakeholder involvement, developmental culture, level of performance measurement adoption, professionalism, and financial stability significantly affect the measurement credibility. By understanding the catalysts for measurement credibility, nonprofit leaders can promote the effectiveness of performance measurement.

The Effect of Performance Measures on Risk in Capital Investment Decisions

We conduct an experiment to examine the separate and interactive effects of individuals’ risk preferences and two commonly-used performance measures – return on investment (ROI) and residual income (RI) – on risk-taking in capital investment decisions. We predict and find that the use of ROI as a performance measure leads to riskier choices as compared to RI, and that this effect is concentrated in relatively more risk-averse individuals. We also provide process evidence that reveals some of the ways in which ROI and RI performance measures affect decision making. Collectively, our results contribute to literature examining the effects of accounting information and performance measures on managers’ risk-taking behaviors.

As You like It! How Performance Measurement Affects Professional Autonomy in the Norwegian Public Theater Sector

The aim of this article is to study the effects of performance measurement on professional autonomy in the Norwegian theater sector and how these effects have changed over two decades, from the 1990s to the 2010s. We do this by introducing the concepts of decoupling and disciplinary power and by studying the dialogue between five case theaters and the Ministry of Culture as part of the system of Management by Objectives. We find effects both related to processes of decoupling and disciplinary power in this period, but the decoupling effects seem to be most notable in the first part of the period of the study. Consequently, we must also conclude that - though not totally in danger - the professional autonomy of the theaters was increasingly challenged during this period.

Improving public agency performance using balanced scorecard in Lagos internal revenue service (LIRS)

Improving public agency performance vis-à-vis productivity is the greatest challenge facing the public sector. The main objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of performance measurement using balanced scorecard (BSC) in Lagos Internal Revenue Service (LIRS). Primary and secondary data were utilized for the study. The primary data collected was analyzed using both descriptive statistics while the stated hypotheses were tested using regression analysis. The study adopts the theory of change (ToC) postulated by Weiss as a theoretical basis. The findings of the study reveal that using the balanced scorecard to measure performance periodically with stakeholders' reflection in LIRS has increased significantly the annual revenue generation in Lagos State. The study recommends among others that more attention should be paid to the provision of adequate incentives as well as training and development on contemporary issues in tax management for tax officers to promote their efficiency and effectiveness in developing economies including Nigeria. Furthermore, since citizens' expectation on societal general development and demand varies across divisions and localities Lagos state. Lagos state government should, therefore, accommodate the aspirations of the various groups to engender sustainable tax compliance by citizens.

The Effects of Performance Measurement Uses on Organizational Ambidexterity and Company Performance

This study looks at how performance measurement can be used to drive simultaneously exploitative and explorative behaviors, and impact company performance. In doing so, this research considers perf...

绩效测量对社交媒体营销的影响研究——基于对中小农业生态园的调查

绩效测量对社交媒体营销的影响研究——基于对中小农业生态园的调查

Studies into the mass transfer and energy consumption of commercial feed spacers for RO membrane modules using CFD: Effectiveness of performance measures

Different approaches have been reported in the literature that aim to improve the performance of reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plant operations, attempting to make the desalination process more efficient.This study investigates the performance of four commercial feed spacers for spiral wound reverse osmosis modules by considering energy consumption and production capacity, as well as their combination, through a previously proven approach to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling.Among the performance measures studied, SCE (spacer configuration efficacy), SPC (specific power consumption) and Pn (power number) showed a high level of predictability (R2≥0.998, 0.994 and 0.994, respectively) through power law correlations of Re with two spacer-dependent parameters. Of the four commercial spacers investigated, the DelStar Technologies Naltex N05013_90HDPE-NAT (“90 HDPE”) spacer has been ranked as the best or second best based on multiple performance measures over the flow range Re=50–100. Furthermore, the very weak response to flowrate changes observed for 90 HDPE, based on pressure loss, SPC, Pn, Sh and SCE measures, indicates the prospects for energy savings. SPMP′, a modified definition of SPMP (Spacer Performance Ratio), shows no consistent response to flow variations for the spacers studied.

Predictors of an Effective Performance Measurement System: Evidence from Municipal Governments in Turkey

ABSTRACTThe study examines the predictors of effective performance measurement in the context of Turkish municipalities. Theoretical guidance of context-design-performance model has been utilized to examine the contextual and design factors which have influenced the effective use of performance measurement systems in Turkish municipalities. It is hypothesized in the study that external support and organizational support for the use performance measurement, and technical capacity for the performance measurement are associated with quality of performance measures and effectiveness of performance measurement systems in general. The results of the study supported the hypotheses of the study regarding the relationships among organizational support, technical capacity, quality of performance measures, and effectiveness of performance measurement. Although the results confirmed that external support has an indirect effect on effectiveness of performance measurement via technical capacity and quality of performance measures, the hypothesis regarding the direct effect of it on effectiveness of performance measurement was not supported.

How to Use Quality Improvement Tools in Clinical Practice: A Primer for Nephrologists.

Quality improvement is a common lexicon among practicing nephrologists. However, most clinical nephrologists have not received formal training in quality improvement methodology. However, the effect of performance measurement and data reporting in medicine and clinical nephrology has increased

Workplace Culture Mediates Performance Appraisal Effectiveness and Employee Outcomes: A Study in a Retail Setting

ABSTRACTPerformance measures have long played a central role in motivating employees to help achieve organizational objectives. However, previous research regarding the effectiveness of performance measures and the performance appraisal process does not provide consistent recommendations for improvement. This study explores the effect of a positive work environment that mediates the relationship between the effectiveness of the performance appraisal process and employee outcomes. Based upon experimental findings in the growing field of positive psychology as applied to a business setting, or positive organizational scholarship, this study puts forward a new construct, workplace culture, that measures the employees' perception of a positive, holistic, transparent, and supportive workplace and examines how it affects outcomes associated with employee success. Using a large sample of sales associates from a national retailer, our results indicate that workplace culture mediates the relationship between the effectiveness of the performance appraisal process and job satisfaction, employee retention, and self-reported performance.

The politics and consequences of performance measurement

Performance measurement is most often considered as the apolitical application of the use of information, collected and used to demonstrate effectiveness against a set of criteria. In reality, many complexities are hidden behind this seemingly rational and technical enterprise. This paper establishes a conceptual framework for the collection of articles in this volume. It examines the politics of performance measurement – who decides what should be measured, how, and why – and its consequences. It analyses why performance measurement is important, outlines its explicit and implicit purposes and the fundamental assumptions underpinning it, and describes its problems, paradoxes and consequences. A chain of performance measurement is then proposed and two contrasting versions of it (one rational-technical and one realistic-political) are presented. This social structural and political institutional approach to performance measurement highlights dynamics, interactivity and power. In doing so, it discloses the politics and consequences of performance measurement.

Calling Attention to the Nature of Professional Knowledge and Its Impact on Perceptions of Performance Measures

Public administration literature pays little attention to public employees’ perceptions of performance measures. The present article studies the nature of their professional knowledge and its impact on the perception of performance measures. A multilevel regression confirms that Danish high school teachers relying on interpretive knowledge traditions perceive performance measures more negatively than teachers relying on science-based traditions. Since we have no reason to question the transferability of this finding, we argue that research needs to take the nature of employees’ professional knowledge into consideration if we are to fully understand the effects of performance measurement in the public sector.

Generating organisational performance

Purpose – This paper aims to advance the current debates on the effect of performance measurement (PM) in the operations management domain. In order to accomplish that, it investigates the contribution of business PM and human resource management (HRM) practices to business performance. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on ten case studies conducted across both manufacturing and service organisations capturing evidence from both the human resource function and line management. Findings – In the PM and HRM literatures, there is a debate about the contribution these practices make to the overall performance of the organisation. In particular, the results from the PM literature are inconclusive. This paper argues that performance is a result of employee engagement and that the PM system is a communication and guiding mechanism, which if implemented well and used appropriately, can channel the efforts of employees striving to perform. Originality/value – This paper contradicts the performance drivers approach to PM by providing new insights into the roles PM and HRM practices play in delivering business performance. Additionally, the paper develops a set of propositions as a means of clearly stating the findings and for encouraging future research in this area.

The Effects of Performance Measures Based on Public Sector Performance Management and Decentralization on Organizational Performance

The Effects of Performance Measures Based on Public Sector Performance Management and Decentralization on Organizational Performance

The Relative Effect of Performance Measures on Managerial Time Orientation: Empirical Evidence from Sales Managers in the Oil and Gas

This paper investigates the relative effect of performance measures on managerial time orientation. We collect survey data on the actual time allocation of managers over tasks that affect financial performance on the short-, medium-, and long-term horizons. In addition, we obtain survey data on the specific metrics used by the firm and classify them into three groups: traditional accounting (gross margin and budgeted costs), nonfinancial (market share and sales volume), and accounting return (EVA). Based on PLS analysis, our results suggest that both nonfinancial and accounting return measures can supplement traditional accounting metrics to mitigate potential short-term orientation by inducing sales managers to consider mainly sales tasks, but also investing tasks, that will affect firm results more than a quarter ahead. In addition, our results imply that accounting return metrics are not better than nonfinancial measures to induce to a longer-term orientation.

Causal Implications of Performance Management for Strategic Control

In contrast to conventional concepts of management accounting, which are limited to measuring the value realization of firms, the research field of performance measurement and management explicitly focuses on the managerial process of creating value. This process should be analyzed and subse-quently reconstructed in the form of cause-and-effect relationships. Such relationships consist of causes, effects and causal attributions. In management science cause-and-effect-relationships can not be detected and identified as “ontological truth”. They can only be reconstructed on the basis of individual knowledge and individual decisions on the explanation power of available statistical data. Causal enlargement of the value creation task - as induced by the concept of performance measurement and management - affects the function of strategic control. Its causal reinterpretation requires generating causal information and reconstructing cause-effect relationships underlying the strategic management process. The adequacy of these relationships should be systematically reflected within the framework of a meta-control, which is developed as a subfunction of strategic control in the following. Meta-control can protect strategic management against control deficits of the classical single loop and double loop learning. By implementing a meta-control, possible misinterpretations of the causal relevance of events and circumstances, e.g. based on logical implications or spurious correlations, can be reduced. With such a support the efficiency and effectiveness of performance measurement and management can be ensured.

The Effects of Performance Measurement on Community Development Spending Priorities: CDBG Meets GPRA

Since 1974 the U.S. Department of Housing and Development (HUD) has administered the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program to invest over $100B dollars in America's low-income communities, through housing, job creation, public services, and other community development projects. Data on CDBG spending by activity type is examined, with the relative stability of spending priorities over the past seven years presented as evidence of the New Federalism at maturity: despite the fact that spending decisions are set at the local level by over 1,000 di erent community development oces, and without the bene t of an overarching federal strategy (or even much of a debate on one), the field has achieved a de facto consensus as to national priorities. The data can be further distinguished into an Urban Entitlement spending pattern seen in the larger cities (with strong spending for housing, infrastructure, and public services) and a Program pro le for smaller communities (prioritizing infrastructure and little else).At the same time, CDBG's maturity has brought with it additional challenges, unanticipated by the framers of the original block grant approach: namely, the creeping tide of performance measurement requirements for federal programs. With the passage of the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) in 1993 -- and the more recent attempts to implement these requirements at HUD in earnest, starting in 2006 -- CDBG managers are being increasingly pressed to measure and report the results of their spending decisions. While performance measurement is undoubtedly a necessary component of any management scheme and can be an important tool in generating support for public spending, the increased emphasis at HUD may have the e ect (unintended or otherwise) of altering the existing mix of activities to encourage more cities to adopt spending strategies closer to those seen in the Statewide pro file. (An apologetic postscript is also included, to ensure that HUD staff do not feel attacked by the author, who actually has a great deal of admiration and respect for them.)

Organizational Culture and Effects of Performance Measurement

Organizational Culture and Effects of Performance Measurement