Effect Of Organic Nutrient Sources Research Articles

Effect of Different Crop Establishment Methods and Organic Sources of Nutrients on Finger Millet in South Eastern Ghat Zone of Odisha, India

Organic agriculture appears to be a way to maintain desired crop production in future. In terms of nutrients, organic farming practices vary with the availability of local resources of manures and its quantity needs to be identified to meet the nutritional needs of finger millet. So, a field experiment was conducted at Regional Research and Technology Transfer Sub-Station (OUAT), Malkangiri, Odisha during rainy season of 2019-2021 to find out the effect of organic nutrient sources on yield and economics of finger millet under different establishment methods. Three crop establishment methods (line sowing, transplanting and broadcasting) and six different organic sources of nutrients (FYM @ 5 t ha-1, VC @ 2 t ha-1, FYM @ 2.5 t ha-1 + VC @ 1 t ha-1, Compost prepared by Waste decomposer @ 5 t ha-1, FYM @ 5 t ha-1 + Bio NPK @ 5 kg ha-1 and Gliricidia leaf manure @ 2.5 t ha-1) were laid out in split-plot design with three replications. The recorded data revealed that significantly highest number of tillers (2.55 hill-1), fingers (5.52 ear head-1), finger length (6.53 cm) along with highest yield (1259 kg ha-1), net return (Rs. 14709 ha-1) and B: C ratio (1.48) were obtained with transplanted condition. Growth and yield attributes of finger millet was significantly varied by application of different organic sources of nutrients and it was observed that application of FYM @ 2.5 t ha-1 + VC @ 1 t ha-1 recorded highest number of tillers (2.52 hill-1), fingers (5.76 ear head-1), finger length (6.72 cm) and grain yield (1327 kg ha-1) followed by application of FYM @ 5 t ha-1 + Bio NPK @ 5 kg ha-1and both were statistically at par in respect to all above parameters. But, highest net return (Rs. 18923 ha-1) and B: C ratio (1.65) was obtained with the application of FYM @ 5 t ha-1 + Bio NPK @ 5 kg ha-1. So, transplanting of finger millet with the application of FYM @ 5 t ha-1 + Bio NPK @ 5 kg ha-1 should be recommended for the studied region as organic nutrient management.

Response of scented rice landraces of North Bengal under organic nutrient management in Darjeeling hills

The traditional practice of growing scented rice in Darjeeling Himalayas needs refinement in nutrient management for sustained production with desired quality. The effect of organic nutrient sources (Cow dung manure @ 5 t/ha, Vermicompost @ 1.5 t/ha, Mustard cake @ 0.5 t/ha, and Leaf mould @ 1 t/ha) on two aromatic rice cultivars (Kalture, and Kalonunia) was studied in a split-plot design during wet (kharif) season of 2021 at Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalimpong, West Bengal. Kalture had taller plants (137.1 cm) and lodging susceptibility (score 4.0) at harvest, while Kalonunia remained unlodged. Kalonunia produced 16.1% greater grain yield (3.32 t ha-1 vs. 2.86 t ha-1) over Kalture due to more number of panicles m-2 (356.2) and filled grains panicle-1 (90.1). Both aromatic rice cultivars had medium-slender (MS) white kernels, but Kalonunia had higher protein content (7.3%), alkali spreading value (score 6.0) and aroma (score 1.8) than Kalture (6.7%, score 5.7 and score 1.6). The application of vermicompost @ 1.5 t ha-1 resulted in higher grain yield (3.22 t ha-1), but mustard cake @ 0.5 t ha-1 might be better option due to moderate yield (3.11 t ha-1), better grain quality, and greater residual N (235.1 kg ha-1), P status (23.4 kg ha-1) in hill soil of West Bengal.

Effect of organic nutrient sources on the yield, nutrient uptake and nodulation in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) under mid-hill conditions of Western Himalayas

Cowpea is kharif pulse grown mostly under rainfed conditions. It acts as a major protein source with 25 per cent content. Cowpea besides fixing atmospheric nitrogen continues to produce under harsh conditions such as low moisture and nutrient supply, which makes it a suitable candidate for dryland conditions. A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2019 at Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Palampur to study the effect of organic nutrient sources on yield levels, nodulation, nutrient content and uptake of cowpea. Organic nutrient sources include farmyard manure, vermicompost, vermiwash, Bijamrita, Jiwamrita and Ghanajiwamrita can be prepared using on-farm inputs at a reasonable cost. These nutrient sources supply nutrients at a steady rate and in fewer amounts than inorganic fertilizers. The prime role of such organic sources is to sustain the soil ecosystems for longer functioning. The results of the experiment revealed that T5 [Farm yard manure (10 t/ha) + Ghanajiwamrita at sowing (250 kg/ha)] was most effective and resulted in significantly higher yield level (grain yield -10.71 q/ha, straw yield - 53.14 q/ha and biological yield - 63.84 q/ha), nodulation (number of nodules - 31.7 per plant and weight of nodules - 0.47 g/plant), nutrient content (N- 3.54%, P - 0.41% and K - 1.36%) and uptake (N -141.08 kg/ha, P -19.86 kg/ha and K - 112.34 kg/ha) in cowpea

Effect of Organic and Inorganic Sources of Nutrients on Yield Attributes and Yield of Maize in Aerobic Rice- Zero Till Maize Cropping System Under Sandy Clay Loam Soils in Southern Telangana Agro-Climatic Zone

Continuous growing of rice –rice mono-cropping over the years and excessive dependence on chemical fertilizers alone has led to decrease in soil fertility and productivity. Rice–maize double cropping is gaining popularity in many Asian countries including India. fertilizer need of a crop in a system is strongly influenced by the preceding crops and the amount of fertilizers applied to them. Cropping with two nutrient intensive cereals like rice-maize would remove a substantial quantity of plant nutrients from soil during continued agriculture round the year, envisaging the need for adoption of efficient nutrient management practices for sustained soil health and improving system productivity. A field experimentt was carried out to study the residual effect of organic nutrient sources and inorganic fertilizer levels on yield attributes and yield of zero till maize. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with four organic sources of nutrients applied to preceding rice as main plots viz: M1: Neem leaf manure @ 6 t ha-1; M2: Vermicompost @ 2 t ha-1; M3: Goat manure @ 5 t ha-1; M4: Microbial consortia [seed treatment @ 4 g kg-1 + soil application @ 4 kg ha-1] and four subplots with graded doses of fertilizers viz: S1: Control; S2: 50% RDF; S3: 75% RDF and S4: 100% RDF (180:60:60). The study revealed that various organic nutrient sources and graded fertilizer doses exerted a remarkable effect on plant height, LAI, dry matter production and Days to 50% silking which resulted in significantly higher grain, stover yield and harvest index of zero till maize.

Effect of organic nutrient sources on plant nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content at different stages of wheat crop

The investigation entitled Effect of Organic Nutrient Sources on Soil Health and Productivity of Wheat under Rice-Wheat System was carried out at the Crop Research Centre of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, (U.P) during Rabi seasons of 2017-18. The experiment consisting seven treatments viz. T1- Control, T2- 10 t ha-1 FYM, T3-10 t ha-1 FYM +Cow urine + Azotobacter, T4- 10 t ha-1 Vermicompost, T5- 10 t ha-1 Vermicompost+ Cow urine + Azotobacter, T6- 7.5 t ha-1 FYM+ Cow urine + Azotobacter, T7- 80% of RDF of nitrogen through vermicompost + 10% through neem cake + Azotobacter was laid out in randomized block design with three replication. Result show that T7 (80% of RDF of nitrogen through vermicompost + 10% through neem cake + Azotobacter) significantly higher plant Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium content at tillering, jointing and at harvesting stage (grains and straw) over the control plot.

Effect of organic nutrient sources on productivity, profitability and quality of ginger (Zingiber officinale) in acid soils of Eastern Himalayas

Ginger cultivated with limited organic manures will produce low yields and would require different nutrient combinations for increased nutrition availability for higher productivity. The combination of organic nutrient sources was expected to increase and improve the growth and yield of ginger rhizome. Research experiments were conducted at Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ranipool, East Sikkim, India to study the effect of different organic nutrient sources on yield and quality of ginger for three consecutive summer seasons (2013-15) under field conditions aimed to assess the effect of different combinations of organic sources on growth, yield, quality and profitability of ginger rhizome. The study revealed that a single organic soil nutrient source does not significantly influence the growth and yield of ginger rhizomes. The combination of two nutrient sources significantly influenced all parameters of the growth and yield of ginger rhizome. The combination of 50% pig manure + 50% poultry manure gave the best response to all the vegetative growth parameters, viz. plant height (109.0 cm), tillers per plant (16.3 nos.), number of leaves per tiller (17.9 nos.), size of leaves (30.9 cm2) but combination of 50% FYM + 50% rural compost showed the significant effect on finger length (39.3 cm), finger width (29.9 cm), finger weight (563.5 g), fresh yield (16.0 t/ha), cured rhizome yield (3.3 t/ha), net return (` 324.30 × 103 ha) and benefit:cost ratio (3.0), oleoresin content (5.26%), essential oil (3.96%) and crude fibre (4.95%) in rhizome over the other treatment combinations.

Influence of different organic nutrient sources on productivity and profitability of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in southern Rajasthan, India

A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2013-14 at Dryland Farming Research Station, Bhilwara (Rajasthan) to study the effect of organic nutrient sources on productivity and profitability of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). The experiment consisted of eight treatments having three organic sources viz., farmyard manure, vermicompost and poultry manure with or without rock phosphate and spray of vermiwsh was laid out in a randomized block design and replicated thrice. The organic sources comprising combined application of vermicompost @ 1 t ha-1 and 0.35 t Rock phosphate produced significantly higher number of pods per plant (18.33), number nodules per plant (13.11), pod weight per plant (13.43 g), test weight (36.39 g) and shelling percentage (54.06), pod yield (1377 kg ha-1), halum yield (2944 kg ha-1) of groundnut over the no manure application and superior over rest the treatments. The pod yield increased due to application of vermicompost @ 1 t ha-1 + 0.35 t Rock phosphate to the tune of 61.62 per cent over control. Application of vermicompost @ 1 t ha-1 + 0.35 t Rock phosphate gave highest net return (Rs. 41137 ha-1) and B: C ratio (3.19).

Effect of organic nutrient sources on yield, nutrient uptake and soil biological properties of rice (Oryza sativa)-based cropping sequence

A field experiment was carried out at Varanasi for two years (20052007) to study the effect of organic nutrient sources on yield, nutrient uptake and soil properties of rice (Oryza sativa L.) based cropping sequence. Seven ricebased cropping sequences viz. ricepotato (Solanum tuberosum L.)onion (Allium cepa L.); ricegreen pea (Pisum sativum var. hortense)onion; ricepotatocowpea (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis); ricegreen peacowpea; ricerajmash (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)onion; ricerajmashcowpea and ricemaize (Zea mays L.) cowpea were assigned to main plots and three treatments of nitrogen application viz. control; organic manure; or- ganic manure + biofertilizer were allotted to sub plots. Highest rice equivalent yield (35.57 t/ha), monetary net re- turns ( 268.7103/ha), production efficiency (96.81 and 98.11 kg/ha/day) and irrigation efficiency (504.8 and 511.6 kg/ha-cm) were found under ricepotatoonion cropping sequence. Among the organic treatments, the highest rice equivalent yield (35.3 t/ha), production efficiency (95.7 and 97.8 kg/ha/day), irrigation efficiency (515.7 and 527.4 kg/ha-cm) and soil biological indictors like dehydrogenase activities, urease activities, soil microbial biomass carbon and soil microbial biomass nitrogen were obtained under organic nutrient management combined with biofertilizers.