Effect Of Oral Inoculation Research Articles

Inhibition of Salmonella enteritidis Cecal and Organ Colonization in Leghorn Chicks by a Defined Culture of Cecal Bacteria and Dietary Lactose

The effect of oral inoculation with a defined culture of cecal bacteria and provision of dietary lactose on colonization resistance to invasive Salmonella enteritidis was evaluated in leghorn chicks. A defined mixed culture composed of 11 indigenous cecal bacteria capable of utilizing lactose or lactose fermentation products as a primary carbon source was isolated and maintained in continuous-flow culture. Combined treatment with the defined culture and dietary lactose significantly decreased (P < 0.01) the number of Salmonella in the cecal contents and the number of Salmonella cecal-culture-positive chicks in four replicated trials. Additionally, Salmonella colonization of the spleen, liver, and cecal tonsils was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in each of the trials. The results indicate that the resistance of leghorn chicks to S. enteritidis cecal and organ colonization is effectively increased by inoculation with a defined culture of cecal bacteria and provision of lactose in the diet.

Effect of Anaerobic Cecal Microflora and Dietary Lactose on Salmonella Colonization in Bobwhite Quail (Colinus virginianus)

The effect of oral inoculation with anaerobic cultures of cecal microflora from adult broiler chickens and dietary lactose on Salmonella typhimurium cecal colonization was evaluated in bobwhite quail chicks. One-day-old chicks were divided into four groups and provided 1) no anaerobic cultures, no lactose (control); 2) anaerobic cultures; 3) 2.5% lactose (wt/vol) in drinking water; or 4) anaerobic cultures and lactose. All groups were challenged orally with 104S. typhimurium at 2 days of age. Salmonella growth in the cecal contents was significantly decreased (P < .05) at 15 days of age in each of the three treatment groups as compared with controls. Protection against Salmonella colonization was highest in the treatment group provided anaerobic cultures only. The results indicated that cecal flora from adult chickens enhances Salmonella colonization resistance in quail chicks.

Effect of Anaerobic Cecal Microflora and Dietary Lactose on Colonization Resistance of Layer Chicks to Invasive Salmonella enteritidis

The effect of oral inoculation with anaerobic cultures of cecal microflora and providing lactose in the feed on colonization resistance to invasive Salmonella enteritidis was evaluated in newly hatched leghorn chicks. Salmonella colonization of the ceca, tissue invasion and organ colonization, horizontal transmission, and seroconversion were significantly decreased (P less than 0.01) in chicks inoculated with cecal flora. The addition of lactose to the feed, in the absence of cecal microflora, failed to provide protection. Dietary lactose enhanced colonization resistance in chicks that were inoculated with anaerobic cultures of cecal flora. The results indicated that establishment of normal cecal flora in layer chicks together with the addition of lactose to the diet markedly increases resistance to cecal colonization and organ invasion, and decreases horizontal transmission of S. enteritidis.