Effect Of Oral Gabapentin Research Articles

Effect of Oral Gabapentin before Plasmakinetic Resection of the Prostate on Anesthesia Effects in Older Adults with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Retrospective Study.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common chronic disease affecting the health of the urinary system and the quality of life in older adults. Plasmakinetic resection of the prostate (PKRP) is one of the important surgical procedures for treating BPH; However, older adults may experience anesthesia complications and postoperative pain. This retrospective study aimed to assess the effects of preoperative oral gabapentin on anesthesia outcomes in older adults with BPH undergoing PKRP and to provide detailed clinical evidence for improving the impact of surgical treatment. The medical records of 178 older adults with BPH who underwent PKRP in Tianjin Hospital from March 2021 to March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. After excluding 18 patients who did not meet the inclusion criteria, 160 patients were finally included in the study. According to preoperative use of gabapentin, patients were divided into the observation group (n = 75, received gabapentin) and the control group (n = 85, did not receive gabapentin). The baseline data, visual analog scale (VAS) scores, postoperative Ramsay Sedation Scale (RSS) scores, and incidence of adverse reactions were collected. There were no significant differences observed between the two groups in terms of age, body mass index, prostate volume, surgery duration, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, VAS scores at postoperative 36 hours and 48 hours, and RSS scores at postoperative 2 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, and 48 hours (p > 0.05). Compared to the control group, the observation group had significantly lower VAS scores at postoperative 2 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours, and 24 hours (p < 0.001), and the incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower within 24 hours after surgery (p < 0.05). Preoperative administration of gabapentin before PKRP could reduce pain severity and the incidence of adverse reactions and improve anesthetic effects in older adults with BPH, which is conducive to postoperative recovery.

Comparison of effect of preemptive use of oral gabapentin and pregabalin for acute postoperative pain after Partial Thyroidectomy

Background and Aims: Preemptive analgesia is defined as a treatment that is initiated before surgery in order to prevent the establishment of central sensitization evoked by the incisional and inflammatory injuries occurring during surgery and postoperative period. Pregabalinas considered in abolishing neuropathie component of acute nociceptive pain of surgery. Materials and methods: A study was done to know the effect of oral gabapentin and pregabalinath control group for post-operative analgesia. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 ASA grade I and II patients posted for elective Partial thyroidectomy were randomized into 3 groups (group A, B and C of 30 patients each). One hour before surgery the blinded drug selected for the study was given with a sip of water. Group C- received identical placebo tablet, Group B- received 800 mg of gabapentin tablet and Group A - received 150 mg of pregabalinablet . VAS score recorded for initial rescue analgesia, total duration of analgesia and total requirement of rescue analgesia were observed as primary outcome. Hemodynamics andside effects were recorded as secondary outcome in patients. Results: The analgesic requirement in both Pregabalinand Gabapentin groups are lower than the control group.

Comparative study of gabapentin versus pregabalin as a premedication in patients undergoing FESS under general anaesthesia

Introduction: Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is a minimally invasive procedure which is usually done under general anaesthesia. Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation may induce an intense sympathetic hemodynamic response which is dangerous in patients with comorbidities. So an effective and safe premedication drug to attenuate this response is very much necessary. Objectives: The present study was designed to compare the effects of oral gabapentin and oral pregabalin as a premedication to produce sedation and attenuate haemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation in patients undergoing FESS under general anaesthesia. Methods: This prospective, randomized study was undertaken in ENT operation theatre in a Government teaching hospital, Karnataka between July 2020 and June 2021. Group A received gabapentin 600 mg and Group B received pregabalin 150 mg orally one hour prior to induction of general anaesthesia. Results: Patients in both group A and group B were sedated after premedication but the degree of sedation achieved in group B was higher compared to group A (p &lt;0.05). Attenuation of HR and MAP was also higher in group B compared to group A (p &lt;0.05). Conclusion: Premedication with both oral pregabalin 150mg and oral gabapentin 600mg, given 1 hour before general anaesthesia in patients undergoing FESS produce sedation and attenuate hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation. But premedication with oral pregabalin 150 mg is more effective than oral gabapentin 600 mg in producing sedation and attenuating the hemodynamic responses to laryngoscopy and intubation. Keywords: gabapentin; pregabalin; FESS; anaesthesia

Effect of Oral Gabapentin and Pregabalin in the Management of Neuropathic Pain in Palliative Care Patients: An Institution-based Comparative Study

Effect of Oral Gabapentin and Pregabalin in the Management of Neuropathic Pain in Palliative Care Patients: An Institution-based Comparative Study

TO OBSERVE THE EFFECT OF ORAL GABAPENTIN, THEOPHYLLINE AND CAFFEINE ON SBP, DBP, MAP AND HR.

After obtaining approval from institutional ethics committee, and written informed consent, the present study entitled "To Observe the Effect of Oral Gabapentin, Theophylline and Caffeine on SBP, DBP, MAP and HR" was conducted on 120 patients of ASA grade I &amp;II scheduled for elective and emergency lower segment caesarean section under spinal anesthesia in the Department of Anesthesiology, J.A. Group of Hospitals &amp; G.R. Medical College, Gwalior (M.P.) after getting written informed consent from the patients.&#x0D; No significant effects on haemodynamic parameters were observed with all the study drugs. Recurrence of PDPH was significantly high with caffeine treatment. No serious untoward effects or complications of study drugs were observed in the study.&#x0D; Keywords: Oral Gabapentin, Theophylline, Caffeine, SBP, DBP, MAP &amp; HR.

Oral gabapentin premedication for post-tonsillectomy nausea, vomiting, and recovery

Background Gabapentin is a second-generation anticonvulsant that is successful in the management of chronic neuropathic pain. It was not previously known to be useful in acute perioperative conditions, but recently it has been used for acute perioperative conditions. However, evidence-based medicine suggests that perioperative administration is useful for postoperative analgesia, preoperative anxiolysis, attenuation of the hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation, and preventing chronic postsurgical pain, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and delirium. This article reviews the clinical trial data to describe the efficacy and safety of gabapentin for perioperative anesthetic management. Aim The aim of the study was to evaluate and update the effect of preoperative gabapentin on the incidence of postoperative vomiting and on analgesic requirements after adenotonsillectomy in pediatrics. Materials and methods This randomized, double-blind study was designed to explore the possible effects of oral gabapentin as a premedication on the incidence and severity of PONV and on the early recovery profile of pediatric patients undergoing adenotonsillectomy under sevoflurane anesthesia. Results The incidence of PONV in the gabapentin group was significantly lower than in the gabapentin group. However, the numbers of rescue ondansetron doses and the PONV severity score were comparable in the two groups. Conclusion The use of gabapentin as premedication in pediatric patients undergoing adenotonsillectomies under sevoflurane anesthesia reduces the incidence of PONV and emergence agitation in the early postoperative period. However, gabapentin did not reduce pain and analgesic consumption after surgery.

Effects of premedication with oral gabapentin on intraocular pressure changes following tracheal intubation in clinically normal dogs

BackgroundGabapentin is an antiepileptic drug widely approved as an add-on therapy for epilepsy treatment in human and dogs. There is a clinical impression that gabapentin is a suitable drug which attenuates the IOP elevation associated with tracheal intubation in humans. The present study performed to determine the effects of oral gabapentin on intraocular pressure (IOP) changes following tracheal intubation in dogs.ResultsTwenty adult healthy dogs were randomly assigned to treatment (n = 10) and control (n = 10) groups. Dogs in the treatment group received oral gabapentin (50 mg/kg) 2 h before induction of anesthesia and dogs in the control group received oral gelatin capsule placebo at the same time. The dogs were anesthetized with propofol 6 mg/kg, and anesthesia was maintained with a constant infusion of 0.2 mg/kg/min of propofol for 20 min. IOP were measured immediately before induction and then repeated immediately after induction, as well as 5 min, 10 min and 15 min following tracheal intubation in both groups. IOP was significantly higher immediately after induction, and 5 min after tracheal intubation when compared with IOP reading before induction in the control group. There was no statistically significant change in IOPs immediately after induction, and 5 min after tracheal intubation in comparison to the values before induction in the treatment group.ConclusionsBased on the findings of this study, preanesthetic oral administration of gabapentin significantly prevents an increase in the IOP associated with tracheal intubation in dogs anesthetized with propofol.

Effects of Oral Gabapentin, Local Bupivacaine and Intravenous Pethidine on Post Tonsillectomy Pain.

Tonsillectomy is one of the most common surgeries performed worldwide. Post-operative pain arising from tonsillectomy is one of the earliest complications that can postpone oral nutrition and increase the hospitalization period. Administration of opioids via injection is usually preferred to relieve pain in these patients. However, the side effects of this approach prompted us to seek alternative treatments. In this study, the effectiveness of oral gabapentin is compared with an intravenous (IV) injection of pethidine and a local injection of bupivacaine in the control of pain after tonsillectomy. This clinical trial was performed on 7-15 year-old patients who were candidates for tonsillectomy at Shahrekord Kashani hospital from 2012-2013. The patients were divided into three groups at random. Group 1 was give 20 mg/kg oral gabapentin 1 hour before anesthesia. In Group 2, 2.5 ml bupivacaine 0.25% was injected into each tonsil bed by a surgeon. In Group 3,1 mg/kg pethidine was injected intravenously after intubation. To assess post-operative pain, the Oucher scale was used in recovery as well as 3,6,12, and 24 hours after surgery. The pain score was lowest in the gabapentin group and highest in the bupivacaine group during the study. The pain score in the gabapentin group was significantly lower than that in the bupivacaine group (P<0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between the pain score of the Pethidine group and that of the Bupivacaine group (P>0.05). Gabapentin, with its antihyperalgesic properties and other unknown properties, is a convenient drug for controlling pain following tonsillectomy.

Effect of gabapentin in postoperative pain, nausea, and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Background: Postoperative pain, nausea, and vomiting are frequent and unpleasant adverse events associated with surgery. The reported incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is quite high. Recently, studies have been undertaken to determine the role of gabapentin for the prevention of postoperative pain, nausea, and vomiting. Objective: To evaluate the effects of oral gabapentin on early postoperative pain, nausea, and vomiting in patients undergoing LC. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 patients scheduled to undergo LC were enrolled for this double-blind placebo-controlled study. Patients were divided into two groups of 20 patients each. Group A received two doses of 600 mg (300 mg ± 2 tablets) gabapentin: first dose 2 h before surgery and second dose 6 h after surgery. Group B received matching placebo (tablets) of same size and shape as gabapentin tablets. All patients were observed for postoperative pain, nausea, and vomiting on first and second postoperative days. In addition, pulse rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressures were analyzed pre- and postoperatively. Injections ondansetron and diclofenac were used as the antiemetic and analgesic medications, respectively, on as-and-when required basis. Results: Intergroup comparison with respect to pulse rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressures between the two groups was insignificant (p > 0.05). On the first and second postoperative days of LC, average numbers of analgesics used in gabapentin group were 1.2 ± 0.13 and 0.65 ± 0.15 and in placebo group were 2.6 ± 0.10 and 2.2 ± 0.16, respectively. Intergroup comparison was highly significant (p < 0.001). The average number of antiemetics received on first and second postoperative days in gabapentin group was 0.35 ± 0.1 and 0.05 ± 0.04 and in placebo group were 1.31 ± 0.16 and 0.60 ± 0.15, respectively. Intergroup comparison was highly significant (p < 0.001). Pain score in gabapentin group on first and second postoperative days was 2.6 ± 0.17 and 2.2 ± 0.15 and in placebo group 3.80 ± 0.81 and 3.2 ± 0.17, respectively. Intergroup comparison was highly significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Administration of gabapentin 2 h before and 6 h after the surgery significantly decreased the incidence of postoperative pain, nausea, and vomiting.

Effect of oral gabapentin on haemodynamic variables during microlaryngoscopic surgery

Manipulation of the larynx, such as laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation, is associated with haemodynamic and cardiovascular responses. In microlaryngoscopic procedures, these responses are more severe than laryngoscopy for endotracheal intubation because in microlaryngoscopic surgeries laryngoscope fixes for a longer time (15-20 minutes compared to 15-30 seconds in tracheal intubation). This study was performed to evaluate the effect of 800 mg oral gabapentin on the haemodynamic variables during microlaryngoscopic surgery. 30 patients aged 30-70 years, ASA physical status I or II, who underwent microlaryngeal surgery were included to the study. The night before surgery, 15 patients (group G) received 100 mg gabapentin and 15 patients (group P) received a placebo. Ninety minutes before the operation, they either received 800 mg gabapentin (group G), or received a placebo (group P). Heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure were measured on the night before the procedure, the morning before the procedure, at arrival to the operating room as baseline, before and after induction, 1, 3 min after tracheal intubation, 1, 5, 15, 25 min after fixing laryngoscope, before laryngoscope removal, and 1 min after that. Analyses revealed that the systolic blood pressure was lower in group G after induction, 1 and 5 min after fixing laryngoscope and before removing the laryngoscope. Diastolic blood pressure in group G was lower at the time of arriving in the operating room, after induction, 1 min after fixing surgical laryngoscope and before removing the laryngoscope. Mean arterial pressure behaved similarly, and additionally it was lower at 5 min after fixing the laryngoscope. Heart rate was reduced at the time after induction, 1, 3 min after intubation, 5 min after fixing the laryngoscope and before laryngoscope removal in group G. Overall, in the group G, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure were lower in the first 15 min after microlaryngoscopy compared to group P but there was no difference in mean systolic blood pressure and mean heart rate. 800 mg oral gabapentin given 90 min before a procedure attenuates the rise of diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial blood pressure in the first 15 min after microlaryngoscopy surgery, but has no effect on systolic blood pressure or heart rate.

Effect of oral gabapentin on the intraocular pressure and haemodynamic responses induced by tracheal intubation

Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation may cause undesirable increases in blood pressure, heart rate (HR) and intraocular pressure (IOP). Gabapentin has been used effectively to attenuate the pressor response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. We investigated whether the pre-treatment with gabapentin attenuates the IOP in addition to a haemodynamic response to tracheal intubation. Sixty ASA I-II patients were randomly allocated into two groups who received either gabapentin (800 mg) or placebo 2 h before surgery. IOP, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and HR were measured before and after the induction of anaesthesia as well as at 0, 1, 3, 5, 10 and 15 min following intubation. IOP and MAP increased from baseline immediately after intubation in the placebo group (P=0.001 and 0.002, respectively). When compared with the placebo group, IOP values of the gabapentin group were significantly lower for the first 15 min after tracheal intubation (P=0.002 at 0 min, P=0.006 at 1 min, P<0.001 at 3 min, P<0.001 at 5 min, P<0.001 at 10 min and P=0.003 at 15 min) while MAP was lower in the first 10 min (P=0.001 at 0 min, P=0.002 at 1 min, P<0.001 at 3 min, P<0.001 at 5 min and P=0.028 at 10 min). These results showed that gabapentin effectively suppresses the increase in IOP secondary to endotracheal intubation and attenuates the increases in MAP. It is suggested that gabapentin is a useful adjuvant in order to prevent an increase in the IOP in response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation.

Oral Gabapentin Activates Spinal Cholinergic Circuits to Reduce Hypersensitivity after Peripheral Nerve Injury and Interacts Synergistically with Oral Donepezil

Gabapentin administration into the brain of mice reduces nerve injury-induced hypersensitivity and is blocked by intrathecal atropine and enhanced by intrathecal neostigmine. The authors tested the relevance of these findings to oral therapy by examining the efficacy of oral gabapentin to reduce hypersensitivity after nerve injury in rats and its interaction with the clinically used cholinesterase inhibitor, donepezil. Male rats with hypersensitivity after spinal nerve ligation received gabapentin orally, intrathecally, and intracerebroventricularly with or without intrathecal atropine, and withdrawal threshold to paw pressure was determined. The effects of oral gabapentin and donepezil alone and in combination on withdrawal threshold were determined in an isobolographic design. Gabapentin reduced hypersensitivity to paw pressure by all routes of administration, and was more potent and with a quicker onset after intracerebroventricular than intrathecal injection. Intrathecal atropine reversed the effect of intracerebroventricular and oral gabapentin. Oral gabapentin and donepezil interacted in a strongly synergistic manner, with an observed efficacy at one tenth the predicted dose of an additive interaction. The gabapentin-donepezil combination was reversed by intrathecal atropine. Although gabapentin may relieve neuropathic pain by actions at many sites, these results suggest that its actions in the brain to cause spinal cholinergic activation predominate after oral administration. Side effects, particularly nausea, cannot be accurately determined on rats. Nevertheless, oral donepezil is well tolerated by patients in the treatment of Alzheimer dementia, and the current study provides the rationale for clinical study of combination of gabapentin and donepezil to treat neuropathic pain.