Effects Of Olive Mill Wastewater Research Articles

Effect of olive mill wastewater enriched with vermicompost and pomace on the mineral content of onion, garlic and spinach

Effect of olive mill wastewater enriched with vermicompost and pomace on the mineral content of onion, garlic and spinach

Effects of Olive Mill Wastewater on Mycelial Growth of Some Macrofungi

Olive oil mills produce a liquid waste called olive black water in the olive oil production process. Olive mill waste water from factories specifically in Turkey and surrounding Mediterranean countries where olive oil is produced the most in the world is being disposed of into the environment such as seas and rivers without any precautions being taken. It was focused on determination of effect of olive mill waste water which containing high organic matter on mycelial growth of several macrofungi in this study. It was found that the mycelia of Rhodonia placenta, Trametes versicolor and Pleurotus ostreatus showed the best development in 5%, concentration of olive mill wastewater. On the other hand, Schizophyllum commune mycelia grew best in 10% concentration. The lowest mycelial growth rate for all of the fungal species were observed in 70% concentration. Our aim is to cultivate various mushroom species using blackwater with high organic matter content.

Short-term Effects of Applying Olive Mill Waste on Turfgrass

The reuse of wastes in agriculture and landscape is often viewed as one way to conserve existing resources. Among the organic waste materials produced by agricultural activities, olive mill wastes derived from the olive oil extraction process may represent a suitable soil amendment. This study evaluated the effect of olive mill wastewater (OMW) application on turfgrass growth and quality and on soil electrical conductivity and pH. Olive mill wastewater at different doses (0, 3.0, and 6.0 L/m2) was applied on a sodded turfgrass grown in clay loamy soil, identically irrigated with fresh water, and without any chemical fertilizer application. The results revealed that OMW application had a positive effect on the tested turfgrass, improving visual quality and increasing the dry weight of the clipping yield, in proportion to doses applied. An increase in electrical conductivity was observed in wastewater-irrigated soil while OMW did not remarkably change the initial soil pH.

Effects of olive mill wastewater and olive mill pomace on soil physicochemical properties and soil polyphenols

Effects of olive mill wastewater and olive mill pomace on soil physicochemical properties and soil polyphenols

Effects of Olive Mill Wastewater on Soil Physical and Hydraulic Properties: a Review

Effects of Olive Mill Wastewater on Soil Physical and Hydraulic Properties: a Review

Effect of Olive Mill Wastewater on the composition of the essential oil of bergamot-mint under semi-arid climate

In this work, we investigate the changes in Mentha aquatica var. citrata (bergamot-mint) characteristics and essential oil composition regarding the modification of the amended dose of Olive Mill Wastewater (OMW) in pots at three different doses; D1 = 9 ml/100 g, D2 = 22.5 ml/100 g and D3 = 54 ml/100 g of soil, seven months before plantation of bergamot-mint cuttings. OMW application didn’t affect plant biomass production (leaves, stems, roots) and chlorophylls in the leaf, while the amount of leaf phenols showed a dose dependent increase. Bergamot-mint essential oil major compound is linalool acetate for control, trans-pulegol when OMW is applied at 9 ml/100 g, isopulegyl acetate when OMW is applied at 22.5 ml/100 g, and verbenone when OMW is applied at 54 ml/100 g. When OMW was applied to soil at doses D1, D2 and D3, some of bergamot-mint essential oil compounds such as decanone, citronellol, piperitone epoxide, guaiacol acetate, methyl cinnamate and citronellyl propanoate, totally disappeared. OMW spreading at 9 ml/100 g allowed appearance of menthone in Mentha aquatica var. citrata essential oil while menthol and terpineol appeared only when OMW was applied at the high dose 54 ml/100 g.

Effect of Olive Mill Wastewater of in the Control of Olive Verticillium Wilt Caused by Verticillium dahlia Kleb

Muhrez, K.A., M.Z. Tawil and B. Barhoum. 2021. Effect of Olive Mill Wastewater of in the Control of Olive Verticillium Wilt Caused by Verticillium dahlia Kleb. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 39(4): 273-280. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-39.4.273280 This research aimed to evaluate the application of olive mill wastewater in controlling Verticillium dahliae the causal agent of olive wilt disease on olive trees. This study was carried out on 2 years old olive local variety (Khderi) plants planted in pots after it has been artificial inoculated with V. dahliae, and severity was recorded within 90 days. Olive mill wastewater (omww) efficacy was estimated at the end of the experiment. Severity was increased from 8.89% before treatment to 28.89% 60 days after treatment, and decreased to 13.33% 90 days after treatment with omww 450 ml/l. Disease severity increased from 11.11% before treatment to 37.78% 60 days after treatment and decreased to 35.56% 90 days after treatment with omww 300 ml/l. Whereas, disease severity increased from 17.78% before treatment to 40% 90 days after treatment with azoxystrobin compared to the inoculated control where disease severity increased from 13.33% before treatment to 100% 90 days after treatment. Omww 450 ml/l had the highest efficacy of 80% followed by azoxystrobin 70%, and omww 300 ml/l 57.33%. It can be concluded that olive mill wastewater has a potential application as a bio-fungicide for the control of olive verticillium wilt disease. Keywords: Olive mill waste waters, Verticillium dahlia, olive, Fungicide.

The Effects of Olive Mill Wastewater on Soil Microbial Populations

The Effects of Olive Mill Wastewater on Soil Microbial Populations

Effect of olive mill wastewaters on Scenedesmus sp. growth, metabolism and polyphenols removal.

The three-phase extraction process of olive oil produces highly contaminated wastewater (OMW). The elimination of this toxic by-product is an important environmental issue that requires the development of an appropriate management solution. The cultivation of microalgae using OMW as growth medium was therefore studied using single (the culture medium was formed by 0% to 80% ultrafiltered olive mill wastewater (OMUF) or OMW added to BG11) and two-stage strategies (microalgae were firstly cultivated in the BG11 medium. In the second stage, 40% and 80% of OMUF and OMW were added to the culture). In this work, biodegradation of OMW and subsequent extraction of lipid and antioxidant molecules was investigated as an ecofriendly method for the bioremediation and valorization of OMW. For two-stage cultivation, OMUF and OMW stress enhanced the intracellular amount of polyphenol accumulated in Scenedesmus sp. and exhibited the highest 2, 2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzoline-6-sulfonate) radical (ABTS) scavenging ability compared with single-stage cultivation. Moreover, the lipid profile is dominated by polyunsaturated acids. In the single-stage cultivation, the Ch a, Ch b, carotenoid, carbohydrate and lipid content of 2.57, 7.4, 1.69, 368, and 644 g kg-1 were observed in 40% OMUF added culture, respectively, along with high biomass productivity and 58% of polyphenol removal. Moreover, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay showed that the biomass of Scenedesmus sp. cultured on 40% OMUF did not show any toxic effect, making it an efficient strategy. The results indicate that Scenedesmus sp. is a promising microalga for the biotreatment of OMW and the extraction of bioactive metabolites. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

Effects of Olive Mill Wastewater and Two Natural Extracts as Nitrification Inhibitors on Activity of Nitrifying Bacteria, Soil Nitrate Leaching Loss, and Nitrogen Metabolism of Celery (Apium graveolens L.)

Minimizing nitrification of fertilizer ammonium (NH4+) can reduce nitrate (NO3−) contamination of groundwater and increase nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE). Olive mill wastewater (OMW), hydroalcoholic extracts of Mentha piperita L. (Mp) and Artemisia annua L. (Aa), and synthetic nitrification inhibitor (NI) dicyandiamide (DCD) were investigated. All NIs reduced activity of nitrifying bacteria and NO3− leached and increased efficiency of N metabolism of celery (Apium graveolens L.) during 56 days in a soil mixture fertilized with ammonium sulfate [(NH4)2SO4]. Soil NO3− leaching losses of DCD, OMW, Mp, and Aa treatments were 24%, 26%, 67%, and 78% of the untreated control loss, respectively, at 35 and 56 days after planting (DAP). Decreased nitrification by NIs resulted in greater concentrations of soil NH4+ correlated with less nitrate reductase (NR) activity in roots and leaves and less soil acidification compared to the control. At 35 and 56 DAP, DCD and OMW treatments decreased NR and increased glutamine synthetase activities in leaves and roots, compared to the control. NIs increased leaf and root protein and amino acids. OMW significantly decreased leaching loss of NO3− to 10% of fertilizer N applied to the soil, compared to 38% of applied NH4+-N leached from the control. OMW proved an effective alternative to DCD to improve NUE of NH4+-fertilizers.

Phytotoxicity assessment of olive mill wastewater treated by different technologies: effect on seed germination of maize and tomato.

The phytotoxicity effect of olive mill wastewater (OMWW) treated in a combined system regrouping pretreatment by filtration on olive stones and coagulation-flocculation, and anaerobic digestion (AD) on seed germination of maize and tomato was evaluated through germination tests in petri dishes and growth tests in pots. Three samples, referenced as AD-40, AD-60, and AD-80, were collected from the anaerobic reactor operating with an influent at 40, 60, and 80% OMWW/water (% v/v). Concentrations between 25 and 100% were used for maize and between 5 and 25% were used for tomato using raw and pretreated samples, while anaerobic samples were used without dilution. For maize, 100% and 75% OMWW were very phytotoxic and completely prohibited seed germination, while phytotoxicity was decreased following dilution at 25% and 50% OMWW. Maize germinability was found highly enhanced when watered with anaerobic samples. For tomato, high dilution was required to reduce the phytotoxicity of raw and pretreated OMWW and a high relative germination percentage was registered at 5, 10, and 15% OMWW, while for samples anaerobically treated, a high phytotoxicity is still observed. Growth tests, showed more favorable results for maize watered with raw and pretreated samples at 25% OMWW and with biological samples. For tomato and with the exception of 25% OMWW and AD-80, seeds respond positively to all samples. It was concluded that if the OMWW will be used for irrigating maize, it could be directly used after anaerobic digestion, while for tomato further dilution is required. The phenolic profile analysis of the tested samples coupled with the results of the germination tests showed that the OMWW phytotoxicity appears to be determined by not only the monomeric phenols but also by other toxic components unaffected by the applied treatments.

The long term effect of Olive Mill Wastewater (OMW) on organic matter humification in a semi-arid soil

This study investigates the performance of soil and OMW microfloras in OMW organic matter humification in soil. In order to highlight the role of OMW and soil microfloras in the processes of OMW organic matter humification, either OMW or soil was sterilized with autoclaving. The study was carried out in microcosms of 1l containing 500 g of raw or sterilized soil, to which was added 200 ml of raw or sterilized OMW. After 24 months of incubation, the amount of phenolic compounds in the different microcosms was statistically indifferent compared to the control. However, TG-DTA and FTIR analysis of soil humic acids showed that recalcitrant OMW phenolic compounds remain in soil humus in the microcosm: sterilized OMW + raw soil, even after 24 months. Results show that humic acids detected in presence of OMW microflora are loaded with proteins and carbonated compounds and deprived of phenolic compounds and aliphatics with long chain, while humic acids detected in absence of OMW microflora are loaded with phenolic compounds.

Effect of Olive mill Wastewater and Biochar under Different NPK Rates on Sandy Soil Properties and Peanut productivity

Effect of Olive mill Wastewater and Biochar under Different NPK Rates on Sandy Soil Properties and Peanut productivity

Cereal foods fortified with by-products from the olive oil industry

The oil industry produces large volume of waste, olive mill waste water (OMWW) and olive paste (OP), which represents a disposal and a potential environmental pollution problem. They are also promising sources of valuable compounds that can be recovered and used. The effects of OMWW and OP addition to bread and pasta, separately and combined, were studied. Both sensory and chemical properties as related to phenols content and antioxidant activity of raw materials, and fortified bread and pasta were evaluated. Results suggested that the enrichment of bread and pasta with OMWW slightly improved the chemical quality without compromising the sensory properties. While, foods enrichment with OP had considerably improved chemical quality, the sensory acceptability was worse due to the bitter and spicy taste of OP. To choose the best cereal food between bread and pasta to be enriched, a mathematical model, the whole quality index (WQI), was used. Bread was better than pasta for re-using olive oil by-products. Between OMWW and OP, the latter was more suitable for food fortification, despite the sensory problems of the enriched product. Also, when the two by-products were combined, the best product continued to be the bread.

Short-Term Effects of Olive Mill Wastewater Land Spreading on Soil Physical and Hydraulic Properties

In this study, we investigated the effect of olive mill wastewater on selected soil physical and hydraulic properties. Olive mill wastewater was added to each column every week at different loading rates (0, 50, 100, and 200 m3 ha−1). Physicochemical and hydraulic properties were determined for surface (0–8 cm) and subsurface layers (8–16 and 16–24 cm). The highest loading rate (200 m3 ha−1) showed an increase in aggregate stability from 18% (control) to 31 and to 38%, penetration resistance from 1.8 kg cm−2 (control) to 3.5 and to 4.5 kg cm−2, hydraulic conductivity from 43 cm day−1 (control) to 15.3 and 3.3 cm day−1, and water repellency from < 5 s (control) to 120 and 261 s in the first and second months for the surface layer, respectively. The opposite was observed for the infiltration rate, where it decreased from 39.01 mm h−1 (control) to 1.26 and 0.42 mm h−1 for the first and second months, respectively. This study showed that application of olive mill wastewater deteriorated the physical and hydraulic properties of soil proportional to loading rates and more specifically at the surface layer.

Effect of Olive Mill Wastewater (OMW) Application on Soil Properties and Wheat Growth Performance Under Rain-Fed Conditions

The olive mill wastewater (OMW) properties impose substantial practical and fiscal difficulties for effective management and dumping. A feasible and practical option is a regulated spreading of OMW into the soil. This study aimed to investigate the sustainable reuse of OMW through land application to enhance soil quality and wheat growth performance under rain-fed conditions. OMW was spread at 20, 40, 60, 80, and 120 m3 ha−1 at two sites. Soil physical and chemical properties were measured after OMW application and after harvest. Wheat growth performance and leaf nutrient content were determined. This study revealed no deleterious influence of OMW application on soil properties and wheat growth at the two locations for all OMW application doses. The OMW land spreading improved significantly wheat growth by increasing the biological yield (BYLD) (8.4 to 36.5%), grain yield (GYLD) (20.1 to 79.4%), and harvest index (HI) (4.2 to 60.2%). Based on the measured soil chemical parameters and wheat grain yield, we can suggest that OMW application rate at 60 m3 ha−1 could improve significantly wheat growth without significant negative impact on soil properties. In conclusion, we recommend using OMW as suggested in this study for wheat. However, still the long-term application of OMW assessment and local legislative adaptation of saving use are necessary.

Does olive mill wastewater stimulate olive plants growth?

Olive mill wastewater (OMW) is annually produced in enormous quantities and it constitutes a serious environmental problem. For several years OMW was used as an amendment in olive orchards which given beneficial effects on growth and soil properties. The present work aimed to study the effect of OMW used after one year from the oil extraction, where phenol content decreased. One-year-old plants of “Chemlali” olive cultivar were subjected to three treatments. C0, C1, and C2 were respectively 0%, 30%, and 45% of OMW used for amendment. Each rate was adjusted with water supplied every 15 days (1 L/plantlet). Results showed significant differences between treatments especially for growth, chlorophyll content of leaves (SPAD), and leaf nutrient content (P, K, Ca, and Na). Always C2 was better than C1. Substrate properties were clearly ameliorated particularly an increase of organic matter but the pH and the electric conductivity were unaffected.

Long term effects of olive mill wastewaters application on soil properties and phenolic compounds migration under arid climate

The principal objective of the present study has been to investigate the long term application effects of olive mill wastewaters (OMWW) on the main properties of a Mediterranean soil under arid climate. In addition the migration dynamic and evolution of phenolic compounds in the different soil layers over time and according to the OMWW amount added have been studied.Results have showed that the irrigation of sandy soils by different doses of OMWW has influenced the soil physicochemical and microbiological characteristics. However, a slight change in the granulometric composition of soil treated with OMWW has been distinguished. The study of the phenolic compounds dynamic has showed the migration of these compounds further than 120 cm soil depth. The comparison of the different spectra obtained by the high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique has explained that the high molecular weight polyphenols which have been retained in the upper soil layers. However, the low molecular weight phenolic compounds have been detected in depth. All the results obtained have proved that the dose of 50 m3 ha−1 has been the most suitable for the soil studied.

Effects of olive wastewater and pomace extracts, lecithin, and ascorbyl palmitate on the oxidative stability of refined sunflower oil

In this study, the effects of olive mill wastewater (OMW) and olive pomace (OP) extracts (1 and 2 mg/g), lecithin (L, 1–5 mg/g), and ascorbyl palmitate (AP, 0.2 mg/g) on the oxidative stability of refined sunflower oil (SFO) and its purified triacylglycerols (TAGs) were investigated under accelerated oxidation conditions. Induction period of TAGs increased from 6.84 to 11.27 hr, with OMW methanol extract (1 mg/g), while OP extracts provided less protection (9.79 hr) at 90°C in Rancimat. The K232 values of the SFO with extracts (1 mg/g) and AP (0.2 mg/g) was lower than those of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), and α-tocopherol containing oil samples at 60°C. Binary combinations of extracts with AP (0.2 mg/g) or L (5 mg/g) also effectively decreased the K232 and K270 values of TAGs during oxidation. In conclusion, OMW and OP extracts can be synergistically used with L or AP for stabilization of SFO against oxidation. Practical applications Generally, edible oils contain high amount of unsaturated fatty acids which are susceptible to oxidation during heat required food processes. Natural antioxidants are preferably used for increasing oxidative stability of edible oils. Olive mill byproducts contain valuable phenolic compounds that have high antioxidant capacity. In this study, we studied antioxidant efficiencies of the olive wastewater and pomace extracts in sunflower oil in combinations with lecithin and ascorbyl palmitate. These combinations can be successfully used to increase the oxidative stability of sunflower oil.

Agronomic Valorization of Olive Mill Wastewaters: Effects on Medicago sativa Growth and Soil Characteristics

The effects of olive mill wastewater (OMW) on the main soil rhizospheric parameters are studied. In addition, the belongings of various OMWs quantities on the seeds germination and growth of a leguminous plant “alfalfa” (Medicago sativa) are investigated. The results shows that the irrigation of sandy soils by different OMW doses strongly influenced their granulometric, physicochemical, and microbiological characteristics. The study of the OMW phytotoxic potential shows that the raw OMW inhibited the alfalfa seeds germination. Whereas the OMW treated soil extracts reveales germination rates comparable to those of the control soil. Although a dose of 50 m3 ha−1 is most suitable for the soil characteristics evolution, the results shows that a dose of 75 m3 ha−1 is the most appropriate for the vegetative development and productivity of the “alfalfa” tested plant.