Effect Of Nutrient Management Research Articles

Smart nutrient management Nutrient Expert® enhances rice productivity through adjusting source-sink relationships during grain filling

Smart nutrient management optimises chemical fertiliser application while maintaining crop yields. Nutrient Expert® (NE) is a user-friendly smart nutrient management system designed to improve the productivity of smallholder farmers. However, the physiological mechanisms underlying the effects of nutrient management have yet to be fully understood. We analysed data from field experiments conducted in South and Northeast China to explore the effects of different nitrogen (N) fertiliser inputs and nutrient management systems on panicle weight and post-flowering source-sink relationships in various cropping seasons of rice. Treatments included NE recommendation, local farmers’ practices (FP), soil test based fertiliser recommendation (ST), and four N rate treatments with plus or minus 25 % and plus or minus 50 % of NE. Our analysis indicated that rice panicle weight and N accumulation increased with increasing N application rate up to a recommended rate by NE in most cases, beyond which there was little further increase. Moreover, NE significantly enhanced rice panicle weight and N accumulation compared to FP and ST in the single-season rice in Northeast China. In all experiments, both in South and Northeast China, the post-flowering source-sink difference gradually increased from negative to positive values with an increase in N application rate. Too low N application rate resulted in insufficient source supply, while too high N application rate gave excessive source supply since the sink demand reached its upper limit. Compared with FP and ST, NE achieved higher source supply and sink demand in the single-season rice, and mobilised more N from source organs to sink organs. Our analysis provides evidence for positive impacts of integrated nutrient management strategies on rice source-sink relationships and offers a physiological basis for improved rice productivity of designed NE nutrient management strategies.

Effect of nutrient management on growth and yield of linseed

Effect of nutrient management on growth and yield of linseed

Effect of nutrient management on yield and economics of linseed

Effect of nutrient management on yield and economics of linseed

Effect of Nutrient Management on Physico-chemical Properties of Soil in Indian Mustard

A field experiment was conducted at the IFS Unit Instructional Farm of Banda University of Agriculture & Technology, Banda (UP) during the winter (rabi) seasons of 2022-23 and 2023-24. The study aimed to examine the impact of nutrient management on the soil properties of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) grown in clay loam soil. Mustard, an essential oilseed crop in India, encounters issues like low productivity and diminished soil fertility caused by excessive use of chemical fertilizers. The paper highlights the importance of integrating chemical and organic sources, such as vermicompost. Vermicompost enriched with biofertilizers, especially Azotobacter, PSB, PMB, NPK Consortia, and ZSB demonstrates significant potential in improving the soil conditions for mustard crops. The experiment utilized a split plot design (SPD) with four main factors in the main plot and four levels in the sub-plot, resulting in sixteen treatment combinations, each applied three times. The soil at the experimental site was characterized by a clay loam texture and low levels of organic carbon, available nitrogen, phosphorus, zinc and sulfur, with moderate levels of available potash. The main plot treatments consisted of different fertility levels: 50% RNPKS, 75% RNPKS, 100% RNPKS and 125% RNPKS. Each main plot was further divided into four sub-plots, each with a combination of micronutrients and enriched vermicompost. The results indicated that the treatment of either 125% or 100% RNPKS and 2.5 kg Zn + 0.5 kg B + 500 kg enriched vermicompost ha-1 was superior in improving the soil properties for Indian mustard.

Residual, direct and interaction effect of nutrient management on growth, yield, quality, and economics of fodder maize and soil nutrient balance under grain amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.)– fodder maize [Zea mays (L.)] sequence in Inceptisols of Western India

Residual, direct and interaction effect of nutrient management on growth, yield, quality, and economics of fodder maize and soil nutrient balance under grain amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.)– fodder maize [Zea mays (L.)] sequence in Inceptisols of Western India

Determining the Effect of Nutrient Management and Weed Control Practices on Weed Dynamics in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

An experiment was carried out at Agronomy Research Farm of Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (Uttar Pradesh) during Rabi season (2022-23 & 2023-24) to investigate the effect of nutrient management and weed control practices on dynamics of weed in different treatments in wheat crop. Split plot design was used in the experimental field with three nutrient levels in main plot and six weed control practices in sup plot and replicated thrice. Among the nutrient management treatments 75% RDF + 10 t ha-1 FYM + one spray of nano-urea @ 4ml/lit was found to be more effective for controlling weed density, weed dry weight, weed control efficiency (%), and weed index (%) during both years of experimentation. Sequential spray of Clodinofop + Metsulfuron (60 + 4 g a.i. ha-1) reduced the density and dry weight of weeds, however recorded highest weed control efficiency (89.57% & 90.77%) and minimum weed index (1.99 & 1.96) during 2022-23 and 2023-24 respectively. The better control of weeds and higher uptake of nutrient in this treatment resulted in higher yield. Thus it might be concluded that application of 75% RDF +10 t ha-1 FYM + one spray of nano-urea @ 4ml/lit with the spraying of Clodinofop + Metsulfuron (60 + 4 g a.i. ha-1) found to be more effective in reducing weed infestation in wheat crop.

Effect of Nutrient Management on Growth and Yield of Foxtail Millet

The field experiment was conducted during ZAID season 2023 at experimental field of Crop Research Farm, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India. In the present study, the treatments consisting three levels of recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) viz., 100% RDF (60-30-30 Kg/ha), 75% RDF (45-22.5-22.5 Kg/ha) and 50% RDF (30-15-15 kg/ha) along with three different micro nutrients viz., Zinc - 0.5 kg/ha, Boron - 0.5 kg/ha and Iron - 0.5 kg/ha. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with 10 treatments each replicated thrice. The soil of experimental plot was sandy loam in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.3), low available nitrogen (278.93 kg/ha), medium available phosphorus (15.4 kg/ha) and medium available potassium (173.7 kg/ha). Results revealed that higher plant height (84.20 cm), plant dry weight (10.61 g), number of tillers/ hill (4.53), length of ears (9.20 cm), number of ears/plant (4.47), test weight (3.47 g), grain yield (1.22 t/ha), straw yield (2.80 t/ha) were recorded in treatment 8 (NPK 100% RDF+ Boron 0.5 kg/ha). Maximum gross return (INR 48,408.33), net return (INR 30,913.33) and B:C ratio (1.77) were also recorded in treatment 8 (NPK 100% RDF + Boron 0.5 kg/ha). It can be concluded that the application of NPK 100% RDF +Boron 0.5kg/ha (Treatment 8) recorded higher yield and benefit cost ratio in Foxtail millet.

Nutrient management for enhancing productivity of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) based intercropping system under rainfed condition

A field experiment was conducted during the rainy (kharif) season of 2011–12 and 2012–13 at Tirhut College of Agriculture, Dholi, Bihar, to study the effect of nutrient management for enhancing productivity of pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.]-based intercropping systems. Pigeonpea + turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) intercropping system, recorded significantly higher pigeonpea yield (2.00 t/ha), pigeonpea-equivalent yield (4.79 t/ha), fruiting efficiency (18.8%), water-use efficiency (6.1 kg grain/ha/mm), production efficiency (18.0 kg/ha/day) and net re turns ( 106.32 ×10/ha) than pigeonpea + maize (Zea mays L.) intercropping and sole pigeonpea. However, pigeonpea + turmeric recorded lower benefit: cost (B: C) ratio than sole pigeonpea. Significantly higher B: C ratio was recorded under pigeonpea + sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) (2.32) and pigeonpea + urdbean [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] (2.31) intercropping systems than pigeonpea + maize, pigeonpea + turmeric and sole pigeonpea. Pigeonpea + maize recorded significantly lower NPK uptake by pigeonpea than sole pigeonpea and the other in tercropping systems. Pigeonpea + mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek] and pigeonpea + urdbean recorded significantly higher number and dry weight of nodules /plant than pigeonpea + maize. Application of 125% recom mended dose of fertilizer (RDF) recorded significantly higher number of branches and pods/plant, pigeonpea equivalent yield (3.39 t/ha), land-equivalent ratio (1.87), production efficiency (12.8 kg/ha/day), net returns ( 80.83 ×103/ha), benefit: cost ratio (2.17) and NPK uptake by pigeonpea than RDF and 75% RDF. Pigeonpea equivalent yield in pigeonpea + urdbean, pigeonpea + mungbean and pigeonpea + sesame intercropping sys tems, increased significantly with the increasing levels of fertilizer up to RDF, and further increase in fertilizer level did not show significant effect on pigeonpea-equivalent yield. However, it increased significantly up to 125% RDF in pigeonpea + maize and pigeonpea + turmeric intercropping systems. Pigeonpea + urdbean and pigeonpea + mungbean increased organic carbon, available N, P, K content of the soil than the other intercropping systems and initial soil value.

Inter-cropping patterns and nutrient management effects on maize growth, yield and quality

ContextIntercropping, a sustainable agricultural practice, is pivotal in enhancing land use efficiency, soil fertility, and overall crop productivity. This study zeroes in on the dynamics of Maize-Cowpea intercropping in the Alluvial Zone of West Bengal, a region characterized by its fertile soil and diverse agro-ecological conditions. The practice of intercropping, particularly in regions like West Bengal, holds immense potential in revolutionizing traditional farming methods by maximizing yield per unit area while ensuring sustainability. The study aims to unravel the complexities and benefits of this practice, especially in the context of the monsoon dependent Kharif season, which is crucial for agricultural productivity in the region. ObjectivesThe study aims to evaluate the effects of various Maize-Cowpea intercropping patterns and nutrient management strategies on maize growth, yield, and quality during the Kharif seasons of 2019 and 2020. It hypothesizes that intercropping, combined with optimal nutrient management, can significantly enhance maize performance. MethodsEmploying a split-plot design, the study analysed 25 treatment combinations of intercropping and nitrogen fertilization under sub-tropical sub-humid conditions. Advanced quantitative methods, including regression analysis and principal component analysis (PCA), were used to assess the interactions between intercropping systems and nutrient management practices. ResultsThe findings revealed that while sole maize cultivation showed better growth and yield, Maize-Cowpea intercropping, especially in a 1:1 row ratio, significantly increased the total system yield by 13.6%. This method also improved grain quality, notably enhancing crude protein content and nutrient percentage. A combination of 75% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) through chemical means with 25% RDN through organic sources, including seaweed, was particularly effective in boosting maize performance. ConclusionsThe study confirms the superior performance of Kharif maize in an intercropping setup, particularly when integrated with cowpea. It demonstrates the effectiveness of specific nutrient management strategies in enhancing both quantitative and qualitative traits of maize. ImplicationsThis research significantly contributes to the field of sustainable agriculture, particularly in the context of field crops research and practice. The findings offer valuable insights for enhancing crop productivity and sustainability in similar agro-ecological regions globally. The study underscores the benefits of integrating legumes with cereals in intercropping systems, paving the way for innovative agricultural practices that can meet the dual challenges of food security and environmental sustainability. The implications of this research are far-reaching, providing a robust framework for future agricultural strategies in regions facing similar climatic and soil conditions.

Effect of Nutrient Management on Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp

A field experiment was carried out at Research Farm, College of Agriculture, Bharuch, NAU, (Gujarat) during kharif 2022 to study the effect of nutrient management on growth, yield and economics of cowpea. The experiment was laid out in RBD with factorial concept with three replications. The result revealed that significantly higher plant height, number of nodules/plant, number of branches/plant, dry matter accumulation, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, length of pod, seed and stover yield and quality were recorded with the soil application of 20-40-00 N-P-S kg/ha. It also gave the higher net return and B:C ratio. Significantly higher plant height, number of nodules/plant, number of branches/plant, dry matter accumulation, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, length of pod, seed and stover yield, quality, net return as well as B:C ratio with a foliar application of 1% enriched banana pseudostem sap (Novel) at branching and flowering stage.

Effect of Nutrient management on productivity and profitability of Soybean (Glycine max) - based double cropping systems under Dryland farming

Effect of Nutrient management on productivity and profitability of Soybean (Glycine max) - based double cropping systems under Dryland farming

Residual effect of nutrient management of kharif groundnut on growth, yield attributes, yield and quality of subsequent wheat under organic farming

Residual effect of nutrient management of kharif groundnut on growth, yield attributes, yield and quality of subsequent wheat under organic farming

Residual effect of nutrient management of kharif groundnut on nutrient content-uptake and soil nutrient-microbial dynamics in subsequent wheat under organic farming

Residual effect of nutrient management of kharif groundnut on nutrient content-uptake and soil nutrient-microbial dynamics in subsequent wheat under organic farming

Influence of Sunn Hemp Biomass Incorporation on Organic Strawberry Production

Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.), a warm season leguminous cover crop, is commonly used in rotation with organic strawberry production in Florida’s subtropical environment. This study was conducted to explore the impacts of sunn hemp on growth and yield performance of the subsequent organic strawberry crop in sandy soils, taking into consideration the nutrient contribution from soil incorporation of sunn hemp biomass. Sunn hemp was seeded during the summer off-season and terminated before flowering, three weeks prior to the fall planting of two strawberry cultivars (‘Strawberry Festival’ and ‘Camino Real’). With sunn hemp residues incorporated into the soil, two application rates of nitrogen (N) through pre-plant organic fertilization for the strawberry season were used, including N at a rate of 84 kg/ha, without consideration of the N credit from sunn hemp, and N at a rate of 19.8 kg/ha, with consideration of the estimated N credit from sunn hemp. A summer fallow without cover crop and with a pre-plant organic fertilizer application at the N rate of 84 kg/ha was included as the control. Overall, the sunn hemp incorporation at three weeks after termination did not benefit the strawberry plant growth or fruit yield in this study, with rather low levels of soilborne pathogen and nematode infestations. Both sunn hemp treatments exhibited a significantly lower level of total soil N compared to the summer fallow plots at the end of the strawberry season. The reduction in the pre-plant N fertilization resulted in lower above-ground plant dry weight and accumulation of N, phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) at the end of the strawberry season, along with fewer leaves and smaller crowns of the strawberry plants during the early season. Both sunn hemp treatments decreased early fruit yields, while the sunn hemp treatment with the reduced N fertilization also led to a significant reduction in the total fruit number and weight, although no significant differences in the whole-season marketable fruit yield were observed among the nutrient management treatments. Overall, ‘Strawberry Festival’ yielded higher than ‘Camino Real’, but the effects of nutrient management did not vary with the strawberry cultivars. Further studies are needed to enhance organic strawberry nutrient management involving rotational cover crops.

Effect of Nutrient Management Practices on Carbon Pools Following 13 Year of Cropping with Soybean (Glycine max) Based Cropping Systems in Vertisol of Central India

Organic manure application has its significant impact on the soil health. Low organic matter in tropical soils is a major factor contributing to their poor productivity. Soil properties have been continuously influenced by the management practices and land uses, in which latter one has been, identified as profound influence on soil properties especially on soil organic carbon. A thirteen year experiment on soybean based cropping system in a vertisol of central india under organic farming was used for this investigation An investigation was carried out on “Soil organic carbon dynamics under long-term nutrient management in soybean based cropping system” at the Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal on an on-going research project on organic farming. The effect of organic, integrated and inorganic nutrient management was assessed in three cropping systems viz. soybean (JS 335)-wheat (Malwa Shakti), soybean-mustard (Pusa Bold) and soybean-gram (JG 130) on aggregate size fractions, carbon content in aggregate as well as soil organic carbon pools dynamics on a split plot experimental design with three replications. The study relevant to dynamics of soil organic carbon pools revealed higher content of soil organic carbon, labile carbon, water soluble carbon, SMBC as well as dehydrogenase activity that varied between 1.04 and 0.86 percent; 440 and 538 mg kg-1, 52.97 and 70.43; 288 and 375 mg kg-1, 88 and 137 µg TPF g-1 soil d-1, respectively in surface 0-15 cm soil under organic nutrient management.

Effect of nutrient management and soil type on stoichiometric imbalances across the Yangtze River Basin pear districts, China

AbstractNutrition management affects soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) cycles, as well as their stoichiometry, causing further stoichiometric imbalances. However, research on the effect of nutrient management on soil stoichiometric imbalance is restricted to a single soil type, limiting our understanding of the interactions between these parameters. Therefore, we conducted a study comprising 212 sites throughout the Yangtze River Basin pear districts, for which nutrient management and soil properties were available under different soil types. Soil stoichiometric imbalances varied widely among the districts, with an average C:P imbalance value (C:Pim) of 6.67, higher than that of C:N imbalance (C:Nim; 6.43) and N:P imbalance (N:Pim; 2.83). Meanwhile, soil and microbial biomass stoichiometry, particularly for soil C:P and soil microbial biomass carbon and phosphorus (MBC:MBP), were significantly influenced by nutrient addition. Large N and P fertilizer inputs altered soil C:N and C:P in yellow–brown earth, while soil C:P was influenced by organic nutrient management in purplish soil. Moreover, adding organic nutrients altered the MBP, which further influenced MBC:MBP and MBN:MBP in saline–alkaline soil and yellow–brown earth. Furthermore, C:Pim increased with increasing organic nutrient input in purple soil and decreased with a large chemical fertilizer input in red soil. N:Pim and C:Nim were weakly associated with nutrient management in different soil types. In addition, nutrition management, soil type, soil properties, and microbe content collectively accounted for 45%, 32%, and 38% of the C:Pim, C:Nim, and N:Pim variation, respectively. Nutrient management also exerted a positive direct impact on C:Pim, while soil type elicited a negative direct impact on C:Nim and N:Pim. Meanwhile, all three stoichiometric imbalances were indirectly influenced by soil type. Taken together, our results indicate that soil stoichiometric imbalances, especially for C:Pim, are sensitive to nutrient management and soil type, providing novel insights into these imbalances that can inform the development of potential remedial strategies.

Effect of nutrient management on summer sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

A field experiment was carried out during the summer of 2022 at Navsari, Gujarat to study the effect of nutrient management on growth parameters, yield attributes, yield and quality parameters of sesame. The results revealed that application of 75% RDF+ Castor Cake (1 t/ha) recorded significantly higher plant height at harvest (105.51 cm), number of capsules/ plant (4.63), capsule length (4.10 cm), seed yield (1185.13 kg/ha), stalk yield (1771.35 kg/ha) and oil content (50.6 %). The lowest values for yield attributes and yield were found on application of Jivamrut (500 l/ha) per irrigation (Jivamrut applied at 1st, 2nd, 3rd irrigation by drenching). The experimental results showed that application of 75% RDF + Bio compost (2.5 t/ha) or Castor cake (1 t/ha) are promising for optimum yield and higher economic returns.

Effect of nutrient management on growth and yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Field experiments were conducted on sesame in vertisols of Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh during kharif seasons of 2009-10 and 2010-11 to determine its efficient nutrient management. Results revealed that application of 100% recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) as 60 kg N + 40 kg P2O5 + 30 kg K2O/ha superimposed with sprayings of 2% Diammonium phosphate (DAP) twice at flowering and capsule formation stages was the best nutrient management for sesame resulting in high seed yields and monetary advantages, which was comparable to 100% RDF + sprayings of 2% urea twice at flowering and capsule formation stages as well as 100% RDF + spraying of 2% DAP once at flowering stage. This nutrient management proved to be more remunerative also.

Effect of nutrient management on physio morphological and yield attributes of field pea (Pisum sativum L.)

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of nitrogen management on the growth and yield of field peas. The experiment took place during the rabi season (October–March of 2022–2023) at Lovely Professional University's Agriculture Research Farm in Phagwara, Punjab, India. Fifteen different treatment combinations were utilized, involving the application of chemical fertilizers (NPK) and micronutrients (boron and zinc). The experimental design followed a randomized complete block approach with three replications. Among the treatment combinations, the application of foliar spray with B at a rate of 0.2%, Zn at a rate of 0.5%, along with 100% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), resulted in the highest measurements for plant height (70.44 cm), leaf count (70.60), branch count (18.86), leaf area (32.24 cm²), dry matter accumulation (6.12 g), crop growth rate (0.299 g m⁻² day⁻¹), and relative growth rate (0.05933 g g⁻¹ day⁻¹). Furthermore, treatments involving 100% RDF, 0.2% B, and 0.5% Zn exhibited enhanced yield characteristics, including the number of seeds per pod (10.26), pods per plant (12.33), test weight of seeds (15.06 g), seed yield (3537 kg ha⁻¹), and harvest index (47.49%). Furthermore, 100% RDF and the inclusion of 0.2% B and 0.5% Zn outperformed the control. Applying 100% RDF along with the micronutrients B and Zn is recommended to maximize production and net profit in field pea cultivation.

Dry Matter Accumulation and Physiological Growth Parameters of Maize as Influenced by Different Nutrient Management Practices

Background: Maize, which is an important cereal for its yield potential and it can be influenced by various agronomic factors. In hybrid maize, dry matter accumulation and leaf area index are strongly affected due to applied nutrients. The amount of dry matter accumulation is directly related to the grain yield. The present study has been conducted with a focus on the effect of nutrient management on dry matter accumulation and other physiological parameters for quantifying the growth of maize. Methods: The present study was conducted during rabi season for two consecutive years of 2021-2022 and 2022-23 at the P.G. Experimental Farm of Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 14 treatments and three replications. The treatment details include different recommended doses of nutrients, leaf colour chart and sufficiency index-based nitrogen management and nutrient expert based nutrient management in maize. Result: The study revealed that application of ample dose of nitrogen, i.e., 200-60-60 kg/ha of N-P2O5-K2O resulted in obtaining the highest dry matter accumulation and leaf area index of maize throughout the growth periods for both the years of maize. Further, the treatments 150% RDF and SI-based N management (N-60-60 kg/ha) at SI 90-95% also performed at par in terms of growth attributes of maize.