Effect Of Noopept Research Articles

Effect of Noopept on the Content of Neurotransmitter Amino Acids in the Hippocampus in Alcoholized Rats Using In Vivo Microdialysis

Effect of Noopept on the Content of Neurotransmitter Amino Acids in the Hippocampus in Alcoholized Rats Using In Vivo Microdialysis

The Effect of Noopept on the Content of Monoamines and Their Metabolites and Neurotransmitter Amino Acids in the Brain Structures of BALB/c and C57BL/6 Mice: A Comparative Study

The Effect of Noopept on the Content of Monoamines and Their Metabolites and Neurotransmitter Amino Acids in the Brain Structures of BALB/c and C57BL/6 Mice: A Comparative Study

RETRACTED: Noopept; a nootropic dipeptide, modulates persistent inflammation by effecting spinal microglia dependent Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) and pro-BDNF expression throughout apoptotic process

There are largely unknown associations between changes in pain behavior responses during persistent peripheral inflammation and spinal cell alteration such as apoptosis. Some evidence suggests that microglia and microglia related mediators play notable roles in induction and maintenance of central nervous system pathologies and inflammatory pain. By considering those relationships and microglia related nootrophic factors, such as the Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in CNS, we attempted to assess the relationship between microglia dependent BDNF and its precursor with pain behavior through spinal cell apoptosis as well as the effect of Noopept on this relationship. Persistent peripheral inflammation was induced by a single subcutaneous injection of Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) on day 0. Thermal hyperalgesia, paw edema, microglial activity, microglia dependent BDNF, pro-BDNF expression, and apoptosis were assessed in different experimental groups by confirmed behavioral and molecular methods on days 0, 7, and 21 of the study. Our findings revealed hyperalgesia and spinal cell apoptosis significantly increased during the acute phase of CFA-induced inflammation but was then followed by a decrement in the chronic phase of the study. Aligned with these variations in spinal microglial activity, microglia dependent BDNF significantly increased during the acute phase of CFA-induced inflammation. Our results also indicated that daily administration of Noopept (during 21 days of the study) not only caused a significant decrease in hyperalgesia and microglia dependent BDNF expression but also changed the apoptosis process in relation to microglia activity alteration. It appears that the administration of Noopept can decrease spinal cell apoptosis and hyperalgesia during CFA-induced inflammation due to its direct effects on microglial activity and microglia dependent BDNF and pro-BDNF expression.

Cognitive Enhancer Noopept Activates Transcription Factor HIF-1.

The effect of noopept (N-phenylacetyl-L-prolyl-glycine ethyl ester) on the DNA-binding activity of HIF-1 in SH-SH5Y cells and the mechanisms of stabilization of this transcription factor were studied in vitro. Noopept was shown to increase both the basal DNA-binding activity of HIF-1 and the activity induced by various hypoxia mimetics. The mechanism of stabilization of the oxygen-sensitive HIF1α subunit by noopept involves the inhibition of HIF-1 prolyl hydroxylase, which is indirectly indicated by the data obtained using the ODD-Luc reporter, and the positive effect on the level of the HIF1α protein. It was revealed that the effect of noopept is accompanied by changes in gene expression, which belong to different metabolic pathways and are controlled by the transcription factor HIF-1.

The Effect of Noopept on Neurochemical Changes in the Retina during the Experimental Thrombosis of Its Vessels

We studied the effect of the neuroprotective dipeptide drug noopept on the level of biogenic amines in the retina during the thrombosis of its vessels in experiments with male chinchilla rabbits. Ischemic lesion of the retina was modeled by intravenous administration of rose bengal at a dose of 40 mg/kg body weight followed by 10-min transpupillary focal illumination of the temporal vascular arcade with white light. Noopept was injected intravenously immediately after the thrombosis modeling at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg body weight; then, throughout the entire experiment (up to 14 days) it was administered per os three times a day at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight. It has been demonstrated that ischemia causes the following disturbances in the neurotransmitter balance in the retina: an increase in the aspartate and GABA levels, a decrease in the dopamine and taurine levels, and a decrease followed by an increase in the glycine level. Noopept administration led to the normalization of the GABA, glycine, and aspartate levels and an increase in the dopamine content.

Effect of Noopept on Dynamics of Intracellular Calcium in Neurons of Cultured Rat Hippocampal Slices.

A neuroprotective and nootropic drug Noopept increased the frequency of spontaneous calcium transients in neurons of CA1 radial layer in cultured rat hippocampal slices. In contrast, the drug exerted no significant effect on intracellular calcium concentration and its dynamics in neurons of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal layer.

Dipeptide Piracetam Analogue Noopept Improves Viability of Hippocampal HT-22 Neurons in the Glutamate Toxicity Model.

Effect of noopept (N-phenylacetyl-prolylglycine ethyl ester) on viability of neurons exposed to neurotoxic action of glutamic acid (5 mM) was studied in vitro in immortalized mouse hippocampal HT-22 neurons. Noopept added to the medium before or after glutamic acid improved neuronal survival in a concentration range of 10-11-10-5 M. Comparison of the effective noopept concentrations determined in previous studies on cultured cortical and cerebellar neurons showed that hippocampal neurons are more sensitive to the protective effect of noopept.

Влияние ноопепта на морфофункциональное состояние капиллярной системы коры большого мозга крыс

В экспериментальных исследованиях на крысах изучено влияние ноопепта (этилового эфира N-фенилацетил-L-пролилглицина) на капиллярную сеть коры большого мозга крыс при нарушении мозгового кровообращения, вызванного перманентной окклюзией правой сонной артерии (ОПСА). Состояние микроциркуляторного русла оценивалось после ОПСА и на фоне введения препарата через 30 мин после оперативного вмешательства, безинъекционным кальций-аденозинтрифосфатным методом выявления внутриорганного сосудистого русла. Срезы получали из коры большого мозга крыс, декапитированных через 60 мин после внутрибрюшинного введения ноопепта в дозе 1 мг/кг. Животным контрольной группы через указанный промежуток времени после ОПСА вводили 0,9 % раствор хлорида натрия. Для оценки состояния капиллярной сети рассчитывали средний диаметр и количество функционирующих капилляров, а также распределение сосудов по диаметру. Результаты проведенных исследований показали, что ноопепт достоверно (p < 0,05) предотвращает наблюдаемое на фоне ОПСА уменьшение количества функционирующих капилляров в обоих полушариях (на 24,8 % в правом и на 25,8 % в левом). Под влиянием препарата отмечалось также статистически значимое (p < 0,05) увеличение диаметра функционирующих капилляров, как в ипсилатеральном на 7,9 %, так и контралатеральном на 7,6 %, полушариях, по сравнению с показателями контрольной группы. Полученные данные указывают на то, что в проявлении нейропротекторных свойств ноопепта задействована его способность стимулировать микроциркуляцию коры большого мозга при ишемических поражениях.

Early Postnatal Effects of Noopept and Piracetam on Declarative and Procedural Memory of Adult Male and Female Rats

We studied the effect of a new nootropic dipeptide Noopept and reference nootropic preparation piracetam injected subcutaneously on days 8-20 of life on learning of alternative feeding response in a 6-arm-maze in male and female rats. Early postnatal administration of Noopept disturbed the dynamics of learning by parameters of declarative and procedural memory. Piracetam impaired learning by parameters of procedural, but not declarative memory (only in males). Both preparations decreased the ratio of successfully learned males (but not females). The observed effects were not associated with changes in locomotor activity.

Effect of noopept and afobazole on the development of neurosis of learned helplessness in rats.

We studied the effects of new psychotropic preparations noopept and afobazole on acquisition of the conditioned active avoidance response and development of neurosis of learned helplessness in rats. Noopept in doses of 0.05-0.10 mg/kg accelerated acquisition of conditioned active avoidance response and reduced the incidence of learned helplessness in rats. Afobazole in a dose of 5 mg/kg produced an opposite effect, which is probably related to high selective anxiolytic activity of this preparation.