Effects Of Negative Attitudes Research Articles

학교폭력 피해경험과 가해경험의 관계에서 부정적 교우관계의 조절효과 : 가정외보호 청소년과 일반 청소년의 차이를 중심으로

학교폭력 피해경험과 가해경험의 관계에서 부정적 교우관계의 조절효과 : 가정외보호 청소년과 일반 청소년의 차이를 중심으로

CHALLENGING ATTITUDES TO AGEING AND AGEISM

The developed world has an increasing number of people who are classed as the ‘old’, with the largest increase being those aged over eighty-five years. Population ageing is a worldwide phenomenon. The “oldest old” (people aged 85 or older) constitutes eight per cent of the world’s 65-and-over population. On a global level, the 85-and-over population is projected to more than triple between 2010 and 2050 (National Institutes of Health, 2011:8). In many countries, the oldest old are the fastest growing age group in the total population (United Nations, 2014; National Institutes of Health, 2011). These people are more likely to have multimorbidities and have less functional capacity to compensate physically for an acute episode of injury or ill health. Projections indicate that there will be considerable differences in the age composition of the EU-27 population during the period 2015 to 2050 (Eurostat, 2015). The most pronounced changes being the share of working-age and old-age groups in the population (Sobczak, 2014:18), meaning that there are a growing number of potentially dependent people coupled with a shrinking working-age population (Eurostat, 2015). It is imperative for all societies to address negative attitudes towards older people as there remains a high prevalence of ageism in societies globally. The detrimental effects of negative attitudes and ageism are substantial. In this symposium negative attitudes and ageism are discussed at discourse level; amongst older people; with caregivers; amongst professionals and with housing providers covering work from Ireland, Scotland, America, Malta and Spain.

Income, amenities and negative attitudes

Abstract We exploit the regional variation in negative attitudes towards immigrants to Sweden in order to analyse the consequences of negative attitudes on refugees’ utility from labour income and amenities. We find that attitudes towards immigrants are important: while they affect mainly the refugees’ quality of life, they also affect their income. We estimate the utility effects of negative attitudes for refugees with different levels of education and gender. We also analyse how the size of the refugees’ networks relate to their quality of life and income as well as how negative attitudes towards immigration and networks interact.

Postnatal depression, maternal bonding failure, and negative attitudes towards pregnancy: a longitudinal study of pregnant women in Japan

Postnatal depression and bonding failure after childbirth are major mental health issues. We investigated 99 pregnant women on three occasions (late in pregnancy and 5 days and 1 month postnatally). Anxiety during pregnancy predicted postnatal depression and bonding failure, whereas negative attitudes towards pregnancy predicted bonding failure. The effect of negative attitudes towards pregnancy on postnatal depression was possibly mediated by bonding failure. Postnatal depression and bonding failure are correlated with different risk factors and run rather independently over the course of the puerperium. Postnatal depression may be predicted by bonding failure.

A comparative study of nursing attitudes towards young male survivors of brain injury: A questionnaire survey

Background The attitudes members of the nursing profession hold towards survivors of brain injury may impact on the level of help, and degree of involvement they are willing to have. Given that the manner in which an individual receives their brain injury has been shown to impact on public prejudices, the importance of exploring nursing attitudes to this vulnerable group, and the subsequent impact this may have on the caring role, requires investigation. Objective To investigate the attitudes held by members of the nursing profession towards young male survivors of brain injury whose behaviour either contributed, or did not contribute, to their injury. Design Independent groups design. Setting and participants Ninety trainee and sixty-nine qualified nurses respectively drawn from a university in the south west of England and the emergency, orthopaedic and paediatric Departments of the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, UK. Methods Participants were randomly assigned to one of four fictional brain injury scenarios. A young male character was portrayed as sustaining a brain injury as a result of either an aneurysm, or through drug taking, with their behaviour being either a contributory or non-contributory factor. On reading these, participants were asked to complete the prejudicial evaluation scale, the social interaction scale and the helping behaviour scale. Results Analysis of variance showed that qualified nurses held more prejudicial attitudes than student nurses towards survivors of brain injury. Mean scores indicated that individuals seen as contributing towards their injury were likely to experience more prejudice (blame total = 42.35 vs. no blame total = 38.34), less social interaction (blame total = 37.54 vs. no blame total = 41.10), and less helping behaviour (blame total = 21.49 vs. no blame total = 22.34) by both groups. Conclusions Qualified nurses should be mindful of the impact their attitudes and judgements of survivors of brain injury may have on the subsequent care they provide. Greater emphasis on the effects of negative attitudes on patient interactions during training may provide nurses with the understanding to recognise and avoid challenges to their caring role in the future.

Disruptions to women's social identity: A comparative study of workplace stress experienced by women in three geographic regions.

Drawing on social identity theory (P. J. Burke, 1991) and the current status of women and equal opportunity legislation, the authors tested several factors associated with distress in working women in the People's Republic of China (PRC), Hong Kong, and the United States. Women in Hong Kong experienced significantly greater levels of life stress than PRC and U.S. women. Reports of negative attitudes toward women, gender evaluation, and avoidance coping were greater for Hong Kong and PRC women than for U.S. women. Hong Kong women reported more use of positive/confrontational coping mechanisms. Negative attitudes toward women had an important influence on life stress across regions. Moderator tests resulted in 2 significant findings: The effect of negative attitudes toward women on life stress was stronger for PRC and Hong Kong women, and the relationship between nervous/self-destructive coping and life stress was stronger for U.S. women.

The Wish and the Reality: Effect of Negative Attitudes on the Adolescent Suicide Attempter

The Wish and the Reality: Effect of Negative Attitudes on the Adolescent Suicide Attempter