Effects Of Isokinetic Training Research Articles

Effect of Isokinetic Training with Blood Flow Restriction During Rest Interval Versus Exercise on Muscle Strength, Hypertrophy, and Perception: A Pilot Study

Effect of Isokinetic Training with Blood Flow Restriction During Rest Interval Versus Exercise on Muscle Strength, Hypertrophy, and Perception: A Pilot Study

The Effects of Isokinetic and Functional Training on Strength and Ability to Perform Daily Activities in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients

Introduction: Despite the well-known fact that exercises are the effective treatment in OA, exact modalities, amount and types of exercise that would be beneficial and not destructive to the affected joint are unknown and most effective types and combinations of exercise and the amount of those are still unclear. Study objectives included assessing the effects of Isokinetic Training (IT) and Functional Task Training (FT) on the peak torque at various angular velocities, pain, ability to perform daily activities and basic functional mobility in osteoarthritis patients.
 Materials and Methods: Eligible 48 patients (considering possible dropouts) who fulfilled the criteria were selected and randomly assigned to isokinetic training (IT) functional training (FT) and control with no exercise (CG) groups to participate in an intervention program involving baseline, mid- (6 weeks) and post- intervention (12 weeks) assessment through isokinetic testing to assess patient’s quadriceps peak torque at 90°/s, 120°/s and 180°/s angular velocities; WOMAC physical function questionnaire to assess patient’s pain, stiffness and ability to perform daily activities; timed up and go test (TUG) to assess subjects’ basic functional mobility.
 Results: Both training modalities improved patient’s strength, pain, and ability to perform daily activities and basic functional mobility with significant improvements at mid- and post-tests as compared to controls. FT group has equaled IT group in strength gains at every tested angular velocity, FT group was significantly superior in physical function.
 Conclusion: Both interventions brought significant improvements in studied variables with FT group emerging superior in physical function domain.

The role of isokinetic muscle strength training in rehabilitation after rotator cuff repair

Objective To explore the effect of isokinetic strength training on post-operative rehabilitation of rotator cuff injury after arthroscopy. Methods Forty patients who had received arthroscopic repair of a rotator cuff tear no less than 3 months previously and who had normal joint movement were selected and randomly divided into a routine training group (the control group) and an isokinetic strength training group (the experimental group), each of 20. Both groups did internal and external rotation strength training with Thera-Band elastic bands, 10-20 times/session, 3 sessions/day. The experimental group additionally underwent isokinetic strength training of the shoulder for 15-20 minutes twice a week. Isokinetic strength tests were performed after 3 and 6 months at test speeds of 60°/s and 180°/s. The evaluation indexes included the internal and external rotation peak torque, peak TQ/BW, the deficit of the affected shoulder joint, the peak torque difference and peak TQ/BW difference before and after training. Results Both groups had improved significantly after the treatment, but the improvement in the experimental group was significantly greater than in the control group, on average. Conclusion Isokinetic muscle strength training is helpful to recover strength after arthroscopic repair of a rotator cuff injury, especially the rapid external rotation muscle strength. It is worthy of clinical application. Key words: Rotator cuff injury; Isokinetic training; Rehabilitation

Rehabilitation effect of isokinetic muscle training combined with semiconductor laser on acute knee osteoarthritis

Objective To evaluate the effect of isokinetic muscle training combined with semiconductor laser on acute knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods Ninety-eight KOA patients were randomly divided into 4 groups. All patients were treated with conventional rehabilitation treatment and nursing. Based on that treatment, the group 1 received semiconductor laser irradiation, the group 2 received isokinetic muscle training, and the group 3 received laser irradiation combined with isokinetic muscle training. All patients were assessed with WOMAC osteoarthritis rating scale and affected knee extensor and flexor muscles strength measurement including peak torque, peak work, average power, average work and flex/extend before and 4 weeks after the treatment. Results All of the four treatments can significantly alleviate the condition of acute KOA patients and improve the muscle condition around the ipsilateral knee joint. The isokinetic muscle training improves the knee function of KOA patients better than the laser irradiation treatment. Isokinetic strength training combined with laser irradiation can get the most significant improvement of knee joint pain, stiffness, dysfunction, muscle strength of flexors and extensors in KOA patients. Conclusions The combination of isokinetic muscle training and semiconductor laser irradiation has a significant effect on relieving pain, reducing the stiffness, improving the function of knee of the patients with KOA in the acute phase and improving the muscle strength of the affected lower extremities. That methad is superior to drug therapy, physical therapy, or exercise alone, and is better to solve the problem of relieving symptoms and enhancing function simultaneously. Key words: Knee osteoarthritis; Laser; Isokinetic muscle strength exercise; Rehabilitation

The effect of isokinetic training on pain and function in patients with knee osteoarthritis: clinical traial

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the prevalent diseases in joints that the Knee joint is the most frequently involved than other joint. Its been shown that these patients get quadriceps muscles weakness deficits in knee. The aim of this study is evaluation of the effect of isokinetic exercise on knee pain, stifiness and the function of joint knee in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: In this clinical traits studytrial 30 women ranging from 45-65 with average knee osteoarthritis were studied in two groups of control and introversion according to America Society of Rheumatology criteria. The control group received the routine protocol treatment of knee osteoarthritis physiotherapy. The case group (as isokinetic training group) in addition to routine protocol received isokinetic training. The rate of the patients’ pain was measured by McGill pain questionnaire and their function by WOMAC questionnaire before and after implementation workouts. Results: All parameters in both isokinetic exercises and physiotherapy groups, improved after treatment process.(P<0.05). While comparsion of variation in intergroups/ between groups showed which isokinetic exercises along with physiotherapy treatment have good function in improvment and intensity of pain reduction compare of physiotherapy treatmentand (P < 0.001, P<0.001 and P=0.008). Conclusion: The increase of isokinetic exercises to physiotherapy treatment significantly enhanced functional and reduced patient’s knee pain compared to patients that are treated with physiotherapy.

Impact of Isokinetic training on pain in patients’ with Knee osteoarthritis-A Meta-analysis

The incidence of osteoarthritis has been alarming over the years due to increase in the proportion of the aged people. Osteoarthritis has been commonly found to affect the knee joint, the most important joint in the context of weight bearing function of the lower limb. Cartilage destruction and subchondral bone erosion along with other entities affecting the entire structure of the knee are associated with osteoarthritis. Isokinetic training has been used to train athletes and to measure the function of the muscles for almost 5 decades. It has found its application in assessment and training of patients with various disorders. Osteoarthritis of knee is one such disorder where the application of the isokinetic training has been increasing over the years. There have been controversies over the effect of isokinetic training in patients with osteoarthritis of knee. Hence the magnitude of the effect of isokinetic training on functional parameters in patients with osteoarthritis of knee needs to be evaluated. A thorough online literature search was done on Web of Science, ProQuest, PubMed, Ebscohost, CINAHL between 1990 and 2014. Ten articles measuring the effect of isokinetic training on osteoarthritis of knee were included and methodologically assessed. Data from the trials were extracted based on the demographic characteristics, outcomes measured, isokinetic training protocol and the other interventions used. Standardized effect sizes with 95%confidence interval (CIs) were calculated from the preintervention and post intervention means of the isokinetic training group and other intervention group. About 10 studies were included in the review and 9 articles were analysed for reduction in pain. Isokinetic training was not so beneficial in reducing the pain associated with osteoarthritis. Since there was so much of heterogeneity among the studies the result of the analysis should be inferred with caution. Yet there is no definitive evidence to confirm the effects of isokinetic training on osteoarthritis of knee.

Effect of isokinetic training on quadriceps muscle strength in osteoarthritis of knee

The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of Isokinetic Training and Electromyography biofeedback training in improving strength of the quadriceps femoris in participants with Osteoarthritis of knee. Fifty four participants (male and female) in the age range of 50–63 years with knee Osteoarthritis of Grade II and III (Kellgren-Lawrence criteria) severity were recruited from the Department of Orthopedics, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. The selected participants were taken to the Exercise and Sports science laboratory and the laboratory of School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia for baseline assessment. Extent of muscle strength was assessed employing the isokinetic device BIODEX 4 System Pro. On completion of the baseline assessment the participants were randomly categorized into three groups (Gr.) (Viz. Gr. A, Gr. B, Gr. C and Gr. D) and thus each group consisted of 18 participants. Gr. A participants received Conventional Physiotherapy consisting of strengthening exercises; stretching exercises and range of motion exercises. Gr. B received Isokinetic Training at velocities of 90° and 150°/second. Gr. C participants received EMG Biofeedback training with Mega ME 6000 device. All the interventions were imparted for 25–30 minutes per session; 2 sessions per week for10 weeks (20 sessions). Mid intervention assessment was done after 5th week followed by the post intervention assessment after 10th week following baseline assessment protocol. After the post intervention assessment, the participants were instructed not to attend the training session for the next 8 weeks and not to get engaged in any sort of physical training, exercise or sport programme. The issue of sustainability was also verified by the post-follow-up assessments of the all of the variables following identical assessment protocols after 14th and 18th week of completion. Repeated measure of ANOVA revealed that, Isokinetic Training was beneficial in enhancing muscle-strength of quadriceps femoris (p<.05).

The effects of isokinetic training on shoulder function in patients underwent surgical operation of breast cancer

Objective To investigate the effect of isokinetic training on shoulder function in patients underwent surgery of breast cancer. Methods Seventy breast cancer patients were randomly allocated into an isokinetic group(36 cases) and a control group(34 cases). Both groups were treated with traditional rehabilitation treatments, and the patients in the isokinetic group also received isokinetic training in addition. The lymphatic return, the circumference of upper limb, the maximum torque(MT), the total work(TW), the average work(AW), the shoulder function and the range of motion of the shoulder at the affected side were recorded before and after training. Results ①After training, the lymphatic return and the circumference of upper limb improved in both groups compared with baseline, while those in the isokinetic group improved to a significantly greater extent(P<0.05). ②After training, average MT, TW and AW increased significantly in isokinetic group(P<0.05); the shoulder function and the range of motion of affected side shoulder increased in both groups compared with baseline, but the isokinetic group increased significantly better(P<0.05). Conclusion Isokinetic training can improve the shoulder function of patients underwent breast cancer surgery. Key words: Breast cancer; Isokinetic training; Lymphedema; Shoulder function

Effectiveness of resistance strength training in children and adolescents with ≥30% total body surface area: A systematic review

PurposeChildren and adolescents with burn injuries are at risk of living with social, educational, physical and psychological impairments. The systematic review aimed to ascertain the effectiveness of resistance strength training on muscle strength and lean body mass (LBM) in children and adolescents with burn injuries.MethodFive databases were searched. Randomised controlled trials with an intervention defined as a supervised, individualised resistance exercise programme were sought. The outcomes included muscle strength and/or LBM. The PEDro scale was used to describe the methodological quality. Comparable data were combined using RevMan©.ResultsSeven papers were included in the review with an average methodological appraisal score of 5.7/11. Comparable data were combined for muscle strength and LBM. The meta-analysis revealed no significant clinical difference between the exercise and standard care groups after 3 months of strength training for both muscle strength (p = 0.43) and LBM (p = 0.60).ConclusionsThere is no conclusive evidence to support the benefit of strength training for children and adolescents with burns injuries in terms of muscle strength and LBM. However, it appears that isokinetic training might benefit children and adolescents with burns, but more studies investigating the effect of isokinetic training are required.

The therapeutic effects of isokinetic strength training combined with intra-articular injection of hyaluronate and joint mobilization for patients with knee osteoarthritis

Objective To observe any effects of using isokinetic strengthening exercises combined with intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate and joint mobilization in treating patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA).Methods Eighty-one KOA patients were divided into a combined treatment group,a conventional treatment group and a control group.The combined treatment group received isokinetic strengthening training,intra-articular injections of sodium hyaluronate and joint mobilization therapy; the conventional treatment group received the injections and mobilization only; the control group was instructed to do ankle pumps at home on their own.Before the start of treatment and after 4 weeks,knee pain was self-assessed [using a visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain] along with knee range of motion (ROM),quality of life (using the WOMAC condensed health survey rating scale) and indexes of isokinetic strength [including the knee flexors,extensor peak torque (PT),and the flexion and extension angles corresponding peak torque (AOPT)] in both groups.Results After 4 weeks of treatment,statistically significant improvements compared to the baseline values were observed in both groups.The combined treatment group,however,improved to a significantly greater extent than the conventional treatment group in terms of all of the measures.Conclusion Isokinetic strength training combined with intra-articular injections of sodium hyaluronate and joint mobilization has a synergistic effect in enhancing knee stability and improving the performance in activities of daily life of KOA patients. Key words: Knee osteoarthritis; Isokinetic strength training; WOMAC index

Effect of isokinetic training at two angular velocities on functional status of knee osteoarthritis patients

Effect of isokinetic training at two angular velocities on functional status of knee osteoarthritis patients

Effect of Isokinetic training on Quadriceps Peak Torque in Healthy subjects and patients with burn injury

To evaluate the improvement rate of quadriceps muscle peak torque in healthy subjects and patients with burn injuries after an isokinetic training programme. Thirty male volunteers, 15 healthy and 15 subjects with burn injury after complete healing, participated in the study. Concentric and eccentric torque of quadriceps was measured for both groups using an isokinetic dynamometer before and after 6 weeks of isokinetic training. The tests were performed at angular velocities of 30°/s and 90°/s. There was a significant increase in the quadricep speak torque for both groups at both angular velocities after isokinetic training. During eccentric contraction at angular velocities of 30°/s and 90°/s the percentage improvement in the burned group was higher than in the healthy group(p = 0.003 and p = 0.0008, respectively). During concentric contraction at an angular velocity of 30°/s the percentage improvement in the burned group was higher than the healthy group (p = 0.020). However, during concentric contraction at an angular velocity of 90°/s there was no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.742). The isokinetic training programme was effective in increasing the concentric and eccentric peak torque of the quadriceps muscle for healthy subjects and patients with burn injuries.

Effect of isokinetic training on strength, functionality and proprioception in athletes with functional ankle instability

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of isokinetic exercise on strength, joint position sense and functionality in recreational athletes with functional ankle instability (FAI). Strength, proprioception and balance of 24 recreational athletes with unilateral FAI were evaluated by using isokinetic muscle strength measurement, ankle joint position sense and one leg standing test. The functional ability was evaluated using five different tests. These were; single limb hopping course (SLHC), one legged and triple legged hop for distance (OLHD-TLHD), and six and cross six meter hop for time (SMHT-CSMHT). Isokinetic peak torque of the ankle invertor and evertor muscles were assessed eccentrically and concentrically at test speeds of 120 degrees /s. Isokinetic exercise protocol was carried out at an angular velocity of 120 degrees /s. The exercise session was repeated three times a week and lasted after 6 weeks. At baseline, concentric invertor strength was found to be significantly lower in the functionally unstable ankles compared to the opposite healthy ankles (p < 0.001). This difference was not present after executing the 6 weeks exercise sessions (p > 0.05). Ankle joint position sense in the injured ankles declined significantly from 2.35 +/- 1.16 to 1.33 +/- 0.62 degrees for 10 degrees of inversion angle (p < 0.001) and from 3.10 +/- 2.16 to 2.19 +/- 0.98 degrees for 20 degrees of inversion angle (p < 0.05) following the isokinetic exercise. One leg standing test score decreased significantly from 15.17 +/- 8.50 to 11.79 +/- 7.81 in the injured ankles (p < 0.001). Following the isokinetic exercise protocol, all of the worsened functional test scores in the injured ankles as compared to the opposite healthy ankles displayed a significant improvement (p < 0.01 for OLHD and CSMHT, p < 0.001 for SLHC, TLHD, and SMHT). These results substantiate the deficits of strength, proprioception, balance and functionality in recreational athletes with FAI. The isokinetic exercise program used in this study had a positive effect on these parameters.

Effects of isokinetic training of the knee extensors on high-intensity exercise performance and skeletal muscle buffering

Twenty-three subjects isokinetically trained the right and left quadriceps femoris, three times per week for 16 weeks; one group (n = 13) trained at an angular velocity of 4.19 rad.s-1 and a second group (n = 10), at 1.05 rad.s-1. A control group (n = 10) performed no training. Isometric endurance time at 60% quadriceps maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), mean power output and work done (W) during all-out cycling, and the muscle buffer value (B) and carnosine concentration of biopsy samples from the vastus lateralis, were all assessed before and after training. The two training groups did not differ significantly from each other in their training response to any of these variables (P < 0.05). No significant difference in either 60% MVC endurance time or impulse [(endurance time x force) at 60% MVC] was observed for any group after the 16 week period (P > 0.05). However, the post-training increase (9%) in W during high-intensity cycling was greater in the training group than in the control group (P = 0.04). Neither B nor carnosine concentration showed any significant change following training (P = 0.56 and P = 0.37, respectively). It is concluded that 16 weeks of isokinetic training of the knee extensors enables subjects to do more work during high-intensity cycling. Although the precise adaptations responsible for the improved performance have yet to be identified, they are unlikely to include an increase in B.

Age-Related Differences in the Effects of Isokinetic Training on Muscle Strength and Endurance for Thigh Muscles

This study was designed to investigate age-related differences in isokinetic peak torque and its endurance on normal 172 boys ranging in age from 10 to 18 years served as volunteer subjects. Each subject was given a leg extension/flexion test using an isokinetic dynamometer (Cybex II), and extended/flexed at every speed of 0°, 60°, 120°, 180°, 240° and 300°/sec to measure the peak torque of thigh muscles estimated as muscle strength. He was also given an endurance test used the above Cybex II and extended maximally a leg at 180°/sec, 50 times, An endurance of thigh muscles was calculated as a ratio of (mean value for peak torque of initial 5 times-mean value of final 5 times)/mean value of initial 5 times.The peak torque, measured in the extension/flexion test, clearly increased in order of age. In the endurance test, the initial mean value for peak torque was in almost the same developing pattern as those described above in the leg extension/flexion test, but the final mean value did not respond to age over 16 years old.Therefore, 96 boys, aged 11 to 15 years old organized five age groups, and individual group was divided into two subgroups, i, e, experimental group and control group. The members in the experimental group participated in an isokinetic muscle training used Cybex II, consisted of 3 days/week, and 3 sets/day (1 set was 30-times repetition at 180°/sec) throughout 8 weeks.The training increased considerably the strength and endurance of thigh muscles for boys ages 13 years, compared to another age group. Boys aged 14 and 15 years had a larger increment of muscle strength through the training than 11 and 12 years old boys. Boys of 12 years, however, showed a comparable increase in muscle endurance through the training to those aged 14 and 15 years.As above showed, it was discernible that the effects of training on the muscle strength and endurance generally depended on physical maturing.The effect on muscle strength of thigh flexors through the training was greater than that of thigh extensor, independently of age.The improvement of muscle strength was caused by muscle hypertrophy and neurological factor, especially the latter regardless of age, irrespective of the influence due to hypertrophy extended from 10.3% at the age of eleven to 19.1% at the age of fifteen.

Effects of isokinetic training of the knee extensors on isometric strength and peak power output during cycling.

Isokinetic training of right and left quadriceps femoris was undertaken three times per week for 16 weeks. One group of subjects (n = 13) trained at an angular velocity of 4.19 rad.s-1 and a second group (n = 10) at 1.05 rad.s-1. A control group (n = 10) performed no training. Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of the quadriceps, and peak pedal velocity nu p,peak) and peak power output (Wpeak) during all-out cycling (against loads equivalent to 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14% MVC) were assessed before and after training. The two training groups did not differ significantly from each other in their training response to any of the performance variables (P > 0.05). No significant difference in MVC was observed for any group after the 16-week period (P = 0.167). The post-training increases in average Wpeak (7%) and nu p,peak (6%) during the cycle tests were each significantly different from the control group response (P = 0.018 and P = 0.008, respectively). It is concluded that 16 weeks of isokinetic strength training of the knee extensors is able to significantly improve nu p, peak and Wpeak during spring cycling, an activity which demands considerable involvement of the trained muscle group but with its own distinct pattern of coordination.